I hmangaih tak hian heng chhinchhiahna mak tak takte hi a nei em? Thusawi emaw, ei emaw a har em? (Pseudobulbar Palsy) chungchang hi i zir dawn teh ang!

A châng chuan kan hmangaih tak takte chu chhan awm lovin an nui ṭan thut a, a nih loh leh lungngai lovin an tap ṭan tih i hre ngai em? A nih loh leh an thusawi laiin an thusawi chu an sawisel nasa em em a, ei tur ei harsa an ti em? Heng thil pakhat emaw a aia tam emaw in neih dun chuan vawiin a kan sawi tur ‘Pseudobulbar Palsy’ tih natna avang pawh a ni thei. Hei hi a takah chuan natna hran a ni lo va, thluak lam natna thenkhat avanga symptoms awmkhawm a ni. Chuvangin, he thu hi chipchiar zawkin han sawi ila?

Pseudobulbar Palsy hi eng nge ni?

A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, Pseudobulbar Palsy hi kan thluak hmun bik corticobulbar tract an tih chhiatna avanga neurological symptoms awmkhawm a ni. He corticobulbar tract hian kan lu leh hmai ruh te chu a thunun thei a ni. Hei hi a chhiat chuan harsatna lian tak pathum a lo chhuak a, chungte chu:

• Harsa takin sawi ila, damdawi lamah chuan hei hi `dysarthria` kan ti a ni.
• Chaw emaw tui emaw ei harsat hi dysphagia an ti a .
• Mihring rilru put hmang thunun theih lohna, rang taka nuih emaw, tap emaw ang chi hi ``pseudobulbar affect'' an ti a.

A pawimawh ber chu hei hi natna pakhat chauh ni lovin, thluak lam natna dang emaw, thluak lam natna dang emaw avanga harsatna awm a ni. A châng chuan doctor-te chuan ‘supranuclear bulbar palsy’ an ti bawk.

Hetiang natna lan chhuah dan hi engte nge ni?

A hmaa kan sawi tawh ang khan a lan chhuah dan ber pathum chu tawng harsa, ei harsa, leh rilru natna thunun theih lohna te hi a ni. Mahse, symptom dang pawh hmuh tur a awm thei a, chungte chu:

• Drooling or excessive salivation: A chang chuan hmui atang hian i hriat loh pawhin a chhuak thei.
• Thusawi dan leh tone inthlak danglam: Thusawi hi a chiang lo mai thei. I hnar hmanga i thusawi ang maiin a ri thei (overly nasal tone).
• Lei chak lohna emaw paralysis emaw: Hei hi `glossoplegia` an ti a. Hei hian thusawi leh chaw ei a ti harsa thei hle.
• Facial muscle chak lohna: Hmai kil khat emaw, a sir lehlamah emaw chu nunna nei lovin a awm thei.
• Chaw ei harsa: Chaw i ei thiam loh avangin ei harsa a lo ni ta a ni.
• Thunun theih loh emaw, a remchan lohna emawa nuih emaw, tap emaw: Chhan hriat loha tap nghal mai emaw, thil tenawm tak chu ring taka nuih a, thunun theih loh emaw chu han mitthla teh. Hei hi ``pseudobulbar affect'' an ti a.
• Jaw muscles nghet emaw, tightness emaw: Hei hi `trismus` an ti bawk. I hmui hawn leh khar a harsa thei hle.
• Facial reflexes tihpun: Entirnan, jaw jerking a awm thei.

Tin , Pseudobulbar Palsy vei naupang 85% vel chuan rilru lama harsatna leh seizures ang chi natna an nei thei tih an sawi bawk.

Heng symptoms te nen hian symptom dang pawh a lang thei a, chu chu pseudobulbar palsy thlentu natna hnuaia awm a zirin a ni.

Engvangin nge hetiang hi a lo awm? A chhan engte nge ni?

Pseudobulbar Palsy thlentu ber chu kan thluaka corticobulbar tract sir lehlamah a chhiat vang a ni. He tract hnathawh chu lu leh hmai ruh (muscles) te thunun hi a ni. He part hian heng muscle te hnena thuchah tul tak tak pe thin cranial nerves te input a pe bawk.

Chuvangin, he ``corticobulbar tract'' tichhe thei dinhmun engemaw zat a awm a, chungte chu:

• Lu hliam na tak (traumatic brain injuries) a awm.
• Brainstem tumor a awm thin .
• Thluak tibuaitu inflammation leh infection te.
• Neurological condition rei tak awm thei te .
• Thluak thisen kalna kawng nena inzawm natna, entirnan ``stroke`` leh ``vascular malformations`` te.

Pseudobulbar palsy thlen fo thin, hun rei tak chhunga thluak lam natna tlanglawn thenkhat chu:

• A rilru a buai em em a, a rilru a hah em em bawk a.
• Parkinson natna a ni.
• Supranuclear palsy a lo awm chho zel a .
• A rilru a buai em em a , a rilru a hah em em bawk a.

Engtin nge hei hi i hriat chian?

Doctor te chuan Pseudobulbar Palsy hi i symptoms a zirin an hmuchhuak tlangpui. Hetah hian a pawimawh ber chu eng dinhmun hnuaia awm, chu natna thlentu chu eng nge ni tih hriat hi a ni. I hre tawh mai thei, a nih loh leh thil thar i zawn chhuah a ngai mai thei.

Doctor chuan i natna lan chhuah dan te, engtikah nge a lo intan tih te, leh i damdawi lam chanchin kimchang, stroke ang chi natna i neih tawh leh neih loh te a zawt ang che . Chumi hnuah chuan physical exam leh neurological exam an nei ang .

Pseudobulbar palsy thlen thei dinhmun engemaw zat a awm avangin i doctor pawhin test hrang hrang neih a rawt thei bawk. Chung zinga ṭhenkhat chu:

• Thisen test neih a ni .
• Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF analysis) atan spinal tap hmanga siam a ni.
• Imaging test, thluak MRI scan ang chi .
• `EEG` test (`EEG - electroencephalogram`), thluak electric hnathawh dan tehna a ni.
• `Evoked Potential` tih a ni(`Evoked potential tests`) tih a ni.
• Thusawi leh hriatna lama tehna .

Heng test te hian a chhan dik tak min hriat theih nan min pui ang.

Engtin nge enkawl a nih?

Pseudobulbar Palsy hi direct treatment a awm lo. Chu ai chuan i medical team chuan i natna lan chhuah dan tur enkawl nan enkawlna chi hrang hrang an rawt ang. Chu bâkah, a hnuaia natna awm chu enkawl a ngai thei bawk.

Chumi atan chuan doctor team, specialist hrang hrang awmna puihna i mamawh ang. Chung zingah chuan:

• I chhungkaw doctor (`Primary care physician`).
• Neurologist te an ni.
• Speech-language pathologist te an ni.
• Thluak lam enkawltu te.
• Psychologist emaw rilru lam doctor emaw.
• Social worker te an ni.
• Damdawi lam thiamte.

Chaw ei harsatna (Dysphagia) enkawlna .

Chaw ei harsatna nasat dan azirin enkawlna hrang hrang a awm. Chung zinga ṭhenkhat chu:

• Ei leh in dinhmun thlak danglam, ei tur hmanrua thlak danglam, leh ei tur awm dan (consistency) tihdanglam. Entirnan, ei tur chu i mash tha thei a, liquid zawkah i siam thei a , chu chuan ei awlsam zawk nan.
• Swallowing muscle training`).
• Physiotherapy, electrical, magnetic emaw thermal stimulation ang chi te hi a ni.
• Damdawi, entirnan, damdawi `nifedipine` leh `metoclopramide` ang chi te.

I ei leh in tha thei lo a nih chuan, emaw, i rilru a buai a nih chuan, i doctor chuan i hnar emaw, i pum emawa direct-a dah tube (`feeding tube`) hmanga chaw pek che a rawt thei che tih hre reng ang che

Thusawi thiam lohna enkawlna

Thusawi harsa i neih chuan speech therapy hian a pui thei hle. Speech therapist chuan nangmah chauh ni lovin, i chhungte pawhin i nena inbiakpawhna tha zawk neih dan tur a zirtir thin.

Speech therapy session neih chhung hian hetiang hi i zir thei ang:

• Lei, hmui leh hmui ruh (a theih chuan) tichaktu exercise te .
• Thusawi chiang zawka sawi theihna tur ruahmanna, i thusawi chakna tihtlem leh tumruh taka taksa ruh bik hmanga aw leh thumal sawi chhuah te.
• Thumal tel lova ngaihdan sawi chhuah dan, sign language emaw, ziak emaw ang chi te .

Emotional expression thunun theih loh enkawlna (`Pseudobulbar Affect - PBA`) .

Control na tur damdawi ``Pseudobulbar Affect (PBA)'', thunun theih loha nuih leh tap thinA pui thei a ni. I doctor chuan damdawi a pe thei ang:

• Dextromethorphan/quinidine sulfate (Nuedexta®): U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) chuan he damdawi hi PBA enkawlna atana a bik taka siam damdawi hmasa ber atan a pawm a ni. Khuh damdawi leh a hmaa heart rhythm disorder enkawlna atana hman thin damdawi dose tlem a pai a ni.
• Antidepressant : Damdawi tricyclic antidepressants, SSRIs (Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors), leh SNRIs (Serotonin leh norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors) te pawh hian PBA natna lanchhuahna control nan a pui thei bawk.

He dinhmun hi eng ang nge ni ang? Dam theih a ni em?

Pseudobulbar palsy vei mi pakhat prognosis hi a bulpui ber natna atanga teh a ni.

Ngaihtuah teh, ``stroke`` emaw ``traumatic brain injury`` emaw avanga hetiang dinhmun hi i neih chuan nerve function chu zawi zawiin a normal leh theihna a awm. Chu chu pseudobulbar palsy symptoms chu a tlahniam zauh zauh thei tihna a ni.

Mahse, he natna hi chronic degenerative conditions multiple sclerosis (MS), Parkinson’s disease, leh ALS te avanga lo awm a nih chuan a dam theih beisei a harsa tlangpui.

I medical team chuan i dinhmun bik atana hmalam hun tur chu chiang takin an pe thei ang che.

Hei hian eng harsatna dang nge a thlen theih?

Pseudobulbar palsy hian harsatna a thlen thei a, chungte chu:

• Aspiration pneumonia: Lei leh ka ruhte hi thunun harsa a nih avangin ei leh in tlemte chu lung chhungah a lut thei a, chu chuan aspiration pneumonia an tih natna a thlen thei a ni. Hei hi a hlauhawm thei hle.
• Malnutrition leh dehydration: Dysphagia a nasat chuan ei leh in tha tawk loh vangin malnutrition leh dehydration a awm thei. A nasat chuan feeding tube a ngai mai thei.
• Rilru hriselna dinhmun: Pseudobulbar palsy hian nitin nunah nghawng lian tak a nei thei a ni. Thusawi harsa leh rilru natna thunun loh ang chi thil avang hian khawtlang nunah i inhnukdawk thei a ni. Hei hian rilru lam harsatna depression leh lungkhamna a thlen thei a ni .

Pseudobulbar Palsy hian thihna a thlen thei em?

Pseudobulbar palsy hi direct-a thihna thlen thei a ni lo. Mahse, a thlentu natna bulpui (e.g., paralysis ) .`, `ALS`) hi thihna thlen thei a ni. Tin, `aspiration pneumonia` ang chi complication te hi enkawl that loh chuan nunna atana hlauhawm tak a ni thei bawk.

Hei hi ven dan tur a awm em?

Pseudobulbar palsy thlen thei thil tam tak a awm avangin ven dan tur dik tak a awm lo. Mahse, ``paralysis'' ang chi risk factors venna tur hriselna lama tih dan zawm hian indirect-in a pui thei a ni.

Engtikah nge Doctor ka hmuh ang?

Pseudobulbar Palsy i vei chuan i medical team te nen in inhmu fo tur a ni a, i treatment plan a tha em tih enfiah thin ang che.

Hetiang dinhmun hian i nitin nunah nghawng lian tak a nei thei a, i rilru a buai hle thei bawk. At such times , i hmangaih tak takte hnen atangin tanpuina zawng hreh suh la, chubakah rilru lam hriselna counselor . I medical team te chu i tan a tha ber tur treatment plan zawng turin an awm reng tih hre reng ang che.

Take-Home Thuchah a ni

Okay, chuvangin vawiin a kan sawi Pseudobulbar Palsy chungchang khaikhawmna atan hei hi i hre reng ang u:

• Hei hi natna hran ni lovin, thluak hmun bik a tihchhiat avanga symptoms awmkhawm a ni.
• A lan chhuah dan ber chu tawng harsa, ei harsa, thunun theih loha nuih emaw tap emaw te hi a ni.
• A chhan chu thluak lam natna, paralysis, Parkinson’s disease, MS, emaw lu hliam te a ni .
• Enkawlna hian a hnuaia dinhmun enkawl leh a natna lan chhuah dan control a tum a ni. Speech therapy, ei leh in exercise leh damdawi te hian hei hi a pui thei a ni.
• Symptoms hriat thuai a, damdawi lam thurawn lak a pawimawh hle.
• I hmangaihna, i thlawpna leh i hriatthiamna hi he dinhmun neia nung mi tan chuan a hlu hle.

Nangmah emaw, i hnaih ber tu emaw hian heng symptoms te hi i neih chuan doctor pan la, thurawn la rawh. Chu chu i tih theih ṭha ber a ni.

` Pseudobulbar palsy, thluak lama harsatna, tawng harsa, ei harsa, thluak lam natna, emotional regulation, PBA