Chumi ni chuan Sudesh (kum 23) chu ka clinic-ah chuan hlauthawng takin a rawn kal a. Tun hnai khan internet-ah Sri Lanka rama thalai zingah HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) hri kai an pung chak hle tih a lo chhiar tawh a ni.
"Dr. Priya, he data ka hmuh hian ka hlauthawng hle. Sri Lanka ram dinhmun hi hetiang hian a chhe tak tak em? Hetiang a darh chhan hi eng nge ni, a bik takin tlangval zingah? He thil hi kan pumpelh thei lo em ni?" Sudesh chuan ngaihven takin a zawt a.
Sudesh hnenah chuan muangchangin ka hrilhfiah a: "Sudesh, he zawhna hi zawh hi a pawimawh hle. A chhan chu tunlai hian Sri Lanka rama thalai zinga HIV kai tamna hi mipui hriselna lama harsatna lian tak a lo ni ta a ni. Mahse a pawimawh ber chu hei hi hlau lo ila, scientific information dik tak leh inven dan dik tak hriat hi a ni. Vawiin hian he thu hi tlang takin i sawi ang u," a ti.
Data chuan heti hian a sawi: Engvangin nge tlangval zingah HIV hi a pung?
Sri Lanka rama National Sexually Transmitted Diseases and AIDS Control Program atanga data kan en chuan tun hnaia HIV kai thar report tam tak chu tlangval an ni tih a lang.
Kum 2022-a data report-a a lan dan chuan HIV kai zawng zawng zinga 12% vel chu thalai kum 15-24 inkar an ni. Chung zinga 92% chu tlangval an ni a, 80% chuan mipa nena invenna tel lova sex an hman thu an sawi.
HIV hrik kai tam ber chu Western leh North-Western province-a Colombo, Gampaha, Kalutara leh Kurunegala district-ah te, Southern province-a Galle district-ah te an ni. Mi tam tak chuan hun rei tak hnuah hri hi an vei tih an hmuchhuak chauh a ni. Chutih lai chuan an CD4 count (immune cell awm zat) chu a tlem hle. Hei hian natna test hmasa lam an pan lo tih a tilang chiang hle.
Engvangin nge mipa homosexual inzawmna hian HIV kai theihna a tipung zawk?
Mipa nena sex hmang (MSM) zinga HIV kai theihna a tipung chhan lian tak tak engemaw zat a awm a :
1. Biological Risk: Anal sex neih lai hian hnute chhunga tissue smooth tak takte chu awlsam takin a hliam emaw, a hrual emaw thei a, chu chuan sexual fluids-a virus chu thisen kaltlangin taksaah direct-a luh a awlsam phah a ni.
2. Condom hman tlem: Survey hrang hrang atanga a lan danin, mipat hmeichhiatna hmanpui zinga mi tlemte chauh (18%) chauhvin an inpawl hnuhnun ber chhung khan condom dik takin an hmang a ni.
3. Social Stigma: Khawtlang nunphung hlauhna leh dan anga tihkhawtlai a nih avangin mi tam takin an mipat hmeichhiatna an thup thin. Hei hian health clinic-a kal leh HIV test neih an hreh hle a ni.
🚨 Damdawi lam pan vat ngai Red Flags
HIV virus taksaa a luh atanga kar 2 leh kar 6 inkar (seroconversion illness period) chhungin a hnuaia chhinchhiahna te hi a lang thei a, chutiang rinhlelh awm taka inhnaih hnua hengte hi a lo lang a nih chuan medical clinic-ah i kal nghal tur a ni:
- Persistent high fever leh zan lama thawk hah lutuk.
- Hun rei lote chhunga taksa rihna tihtlem chak lutuk (Unexplained Weight Loss).
- Kar engemaw zat chhung chu kawr, kawrfual emaw, kawrfual emaw-a lymph node lo hring chhuak.
- Hun rei tak chhunga ril\am leh hmui natna emaw, fungal infection emaw dam lo.
HIV darh zel tur hi engtin nge kan ven theih ang? (Invenna) 1.1.
Thu lawmawm tak chu hriselna lama tih dan tha zawm hian HIV kai theihna hi a bo vek tawh mai thei a ni:
- Condom hman dik: Sex hman apianga birth control condom dik taka hman hian 90% aia tam HIV kai a veng thei a ni.
- PrEP hman dan (Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis): Hei hi pre-exposure prophylaxis an ti a. He damdawi hi HIV kai theihna sang tak nei te nitin ei thin a ni a, 99% velin hri kai theihna a veng thei a ni.
- Test neih fo tur: Mipat hmeichhiatna lama inhmang reng reng chuan kum khatah vawi khat tal HIV test neih tur a ni. Tunah hian Sri Lanka-a hri kai zinga 86% chuan he hri hi an vei tih an hria a, UNAIDS (Joint United Nations Programme on AIDS) chuan hei hi 95%-a tihpun a tum a ni.
- PEP (Post-Exposure Prophylaxis) hman dan): Invenna tel lova sex hman a nih chuan he emergency treatment, darkar 72 chhunga ei hian taksaah hri hi a darh loh nan a veng thei a ni.
Enkawl dan: HIV hrisel taka nun
Tun hma chuan HIV hi thihna thlen thei natna anga ngaih ni mah se, tunlai damdawi hmanga enkawl dan chuan damlote chu mi hrisel pangngai ang maia dam rei theihna a siam a ni.
Enkawlna ber chu ART (Antiretroviral Therapy) a ni. Heng damdawi te hian taksaa hri pung zel chu a thunun vek a ni.
Sri Lanka rama HIV vei zinga 80% velin ART an dawng mek a, an zinga 87% chuan hriat theih loh viral load an nei bawk. Thisen test-ah pawh hmuh theih loh khawpa virus load control a nih chuan (Undetectable = Untransmittable) midang hnena virus kai theihna chu zero (0%)-ah a tlahniam a ni.
Tih tur & Tih loh tur
| ✔️ Thil tih tur (Tih tur) . | ❌ Tih loh tur |
|---|---|
| Mipat hmeichhiatna hmanpui i nih chuan sorkar sex clinic emaw, private clinic rintlak takah emaw kal la, thuruk HIV test la rawh. | Symptoms a lo lang a nih pawhin khawtlang ngaihdan hlauh vangin medical clinic-ah kal loin i natna thup suh. |
| High-risk group-a i awm chuan doctor-in a tih angin nitin PrEP hmang thin ang che. | Syringe hman dun loh tur (hei hi ruihhlo hmangtute zingah a awm fo). |
| HIV positive i nih chuan nitin doctor-in ART damdawi a pekte chu skip lovin a hun ruatah ei thin ang che. | HIV vei mite chu huatna emaw, thliar hranna emaw nen en suh. |
❓ Zawhna dang i neih theih ṭhenkhat (FAQ) .
Sri Lanka ramah khawiah nge a thlawna HIV test ka hmuh theih ang? ▼ tih a ni
HIV test hi thliarkar puma sorkar STD clinic eng pawhah tih theih a ni a, a thlawna, thuruk zawng zawng nen.
PrEP hman hian mipat hmeichhiatna hmanga kai theih natna dang (STI) a veng thei ang em? ▼ tih a ni
Ni lo, PrEP hian HIV hrik kai chauh a veng. Condom hi mipat hmeichhiatna hmanga kai theih natna dang, syphilis, gonorrhea, herpes te laka invenna atan hman a ngai a ni.
Nu atanga a fa hnena HIV kai tur ven theih a ni em? ▼ tih a ni
Ni e, nu chu naupai laiin ART enkawlna mumal tak pek a, nau neih hnua damdawi bik pek a nih chuan nu atanga naute hnena hri kai theihna chu 1% aia tlem lovah tihhniam theih a ni.
ART hian taksa atanga HIV hi a tidam kim thei em? ▼ tih a ni
Ni lo, tun dinhmunah khawvelah HIV damdawi a la awm lo. Mahse, ART damdawi hian taksaah virus hi a thawk thei lo va, mihringte chu nun pangngai, hrisel takin an khawsa thei a ni.
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