Ram danga zin atanga i lo haw a, Sri Lanka ram hmun harsa takah pawh i lo haw a, khawsik ang chi natna i nei a, i chak lo a, khawsik i nei a nih chuan engtin nge i ngaih? A tlangpuiin, “ Viral fever a ni ngei ang,” tiin kan ngaihtuah thin. Mahse, thil pawi zawk a ni thei. Malaria hi chutiang natna hlauhawm tak pakhat a ni. Hei hi thosi kai natna a ni a, uluk taka enkawl loh chuan nunna atana hlauhawm thei a ni. Chuvangin, vawiinah hian malaria chungchang hi thumal awlsam takin han sawi ila.
Malaria hi eng nge ni?
A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, Malaria hi natna hrik kai hrik seh atanga kan taksaa lut parasite atanga lo lut a ni. He parasite hi Plasmodium kan ti a ni. Sri Lanka ramah hian malaria hi a hluar tawh lo nain, Africa ram, South America hmun thenkhat leh Southeast Asia ram hrang hranga zin tawhte zingah he natna hi hmuh tur a la awm reng a ni.
Dik tak chuan khawvêl puma mi maktaduai tam takin kum tin malaria an vei a, mi sâng tam takin an thihpui bawk. Chuvangin natna a ni lo. He natna hrik kai thei thosi hi Anopheles mosquito an ti a. An thanlen theih nan boruak lum an mamawh a ni. Chuvangin Africa leh Asia ramah an tam ber a ni.
Malaria thlentu parasite chi hrang hrang
Plasmodium parasite hi malaria thlentu chi hrang hrang a awm a. A chi tin hian natna chi hrang hrang tlem a thlen a. A chi hrang hrang hi han thlir ila.
| Parasite chi hrang hrang | Specialty a ni |
|---|---|
| A rilru a buai em em a, a rilru a hah em em bawk a. | Hei hi Malaria chi khat na ber leh hlauhawm ber a ni. He parasite hi thisenah a pung chak hle a, thisen sen tam tak a tichhia a ni. Tin, thluaka thisen kalna kawng te te a block thei bawk a, nunna atana hlauhawm tak, cerebral malaria an tih chu a thlen thei bawk. |
| Plasmodium vivax (P. vivax) a ni a, a hmin hnuah a hmin leh a. | Hetiang chi hi i liver chhungah a muhil thei a, rulhut a seh hnuah thla tam tak, kum tam tak pawh ni se, a tichak leh thei a ni. |
| Plasmodium ovale (P. ovale) te hi a awm a. | Hei hi vivax type nen pawh a inang hle a, West Africa leh Pacific Islands-ah te a awm tam ber. |
| Plasmodium malariae (P. malariae) te hi a awm thei lo. | Hetiang chi hi enkawl loh chuan dam chhung daih tur natna khirh tak a thlen thei a ni. Hetiang chi hi khawvel hmun hrang hrangah hmuh tur a awm. |
Malaria hi engtin nge a kai theih?
Hei hi cycle awlsam tak a ni. Ngaihtuah teh, Anopheles rulhut hian malaria vei mi a seh a. Tichuan damlo thisena parasite awmte chu thosi taksaah an lut ta a ni. Tichuan, kar khat vêl hnuah chuan, chu parasite-te chu rulhut hmui (saliivary glands) -ah an lo piang ta a ni . Tunah chuan he rulhut hian mi hrisel tak a seh chuan chu parasite te chu midang taksaah chuan a hmui nen an lut ta a ni.
A pawimawh ber chu Malaria hi mi pakhat atanga mi dangah, khawsik emaw, flu emaw ang chi, khawih emaw, ei tur insem emaw, thawk hah emaw hmanga kai theih natna a ni lo . Tin, mipat hmeichhiatna hmanga kai theih a ni lo bawk. A dawng tur chuan hri kai rulhut hian a seh che a ngai a ni.
Mahse, a tlem hle a, kawng dang hmanga kai theih a ni.
- Mi hrisel tak hnena hri kai thisen pek hmangin.
- Hri kai atanga taksa peng pakhat thlak (transplant) hmangin.
- Thisen hrik kai injection needle insem hmangin.
- Nu naupaiin malaria a vei chuan naute pawhin a kai thei bawk.
Malaria natna lan chhuah dan engte nge ni?
A tlangpuiin natna hrik kai rulhut in a seh atanga ni 10 atanga ni 15 vel hnuah a lan chhuah tan thin. Heng symptoms te hi khawsik natna nen a inang hle a, chuvangin a tir lamah chuan hriat harsa tak a ni thei.
| A lan chhuah dan tlangpui | Natna khirh tak chhinchhiahna (damdawi lam thurawn lak nghal a ngai!) |
|---|---|
|
Pawimawh: Malaria chi thenkhat, P. vivax te hian a natna lan chhuah nan kar hnih aia rei a daih thei. Chuvangin ram pawna i zin atanga thla khat chhung pawha khawsik i neih chuan i doctor hnenah i zinna chungchang i hrilh tur a ni.
Engtikah nge Doctor ka hmuh ang?
Malaria hi natna a ni a, a zual thuai thei a ni. Chuvangin a rang thei ang bera enkawl tan a tha ber . Malaria vei tamna ram i tlawh tawh a, khawsik emaw, natna dang emaw i neih chuan doctor pan nghal rawh .
I natna lan chhuah dan na tak tak, rilru buai, seizure, thawk harsa i neih chuan tihkhawtlai lovin damdawi in hnai ber Emergency Department (ETU) -ah kal la.
Engtin nge natna hi kan hriat theih ang?
I doctor-in i symptoms leh travel history a ngaihthlak hnua malaria a rinhlelh chuan test eng emaw zat a ti ang a, chu chu finfiah turin a ti ang.
- Blood smear: Hei hi test pawimawh ber leh dik ber a ni. I thisen sample lak a ni a, dye bik dah a ni a, chu sample chu microscope hmangin parasite a awm leh awm loh enfiah a ni. Hei hian parasite chi leh i thisenah engzat nge awm tih a hril thei bawk.
- Rapid Diagnostic Test (RDT): Hei hi COVID antigen test nen a inang hle. Finger prick hmangin result a pe nghal thei. Mahse, parasite chi dik tak a hriat theih loh avangin thisen smear a ngai fo thin.
- PCR test: Hei hian thisenah parasite DNA a awm leh awm loh a enfiah thin. Hei hian parasite chi chu dik takin a hre thei a ni.
Malaria enkawl dan tur engte nge ni?
Enkawl dan tur chu thil engemaw zat atanga rel a ni.
- Parasite i kai chi hrang hrang.
- Symptoms nasat dan.
- Natna i kai na hmun (chu lai hmunah chuan damdawi laka invenna parasite a awm leh awm loh hriat nan).
- Naupai emaw naupai lo emaw.
- i kum zat.
Doctor chuan heng zawng zawng hi a en ang a, i tan damdawi tha ber a rawn pe ang che. A tlangpuiin damdawi pawl hman thinte chu `(Chloroquine)` leh `(Artemisinin-based combination therapy – ACT)` te an ni. Doctor thurawn tel lo chuan damdawi i duh apiang ei ngai suh. Damlo natna khirh tak nei te chu damdawi inah dahin, intravenous `(IV)` hmanga enkawl an ni.
Malaria lakah engtin nge i inven theih ang?
Heng thilte hi fimkhur hle ang che, a bik takin malaria vei tamna ramah i zin a nih chuan.
- I taksa khuh tha thei thawmhnaw ha la: pants sei, kawr sei. Mosquito-in a seh theihna chance tihtlem rawh.
- Insect repellent hmang rawh: Insect repellent telna thil tel DEET emaw Picaridin emaw vun langsar takah hnawih thin ang che.
- Mosquito net hman: Mut dawnin mosquito net hman a pawimawh hle a, a bik takin window-te screening a awm loh chuan.
- Invenna damdawi ei: Malaria vei tamna hmuna i zin hmain doctor hmu la, malaria laka invenna pill (prophylaxis) ei hmasa phawt ang che. Heng pills te hi zin hma, zin chhung leh a hnu hun bituk chhung atan ei tur a ni.
- Malaria Vaccine: Tunah chuan World Health Organization chuan Africa rama malaria hluarna hmuna naupangte tan vaccine `(RTS,S/AS01)` leh `(R21/Matrix-M)` te chu a rawt ta a ni. Hei hi malaria dona kawngah hlawhtlinna lian tak a ni.
Take-Home Thuchah a ni
- Malaria hi natna khirh tak, nunna atana hlauhawm tak, hri kai rulhut atanga kai theih a ni.
- Ram pawna i zin hnua khawsik leh taksa na ang chi symptom i neih chuan, a bik takin malaria natna vei tamna ramah doctor pan nghal tur a ni.
- I zinna chungchang hi doctor hnenah hrilh a pawimawh hle.
- A hmaa hriatchhuah leh enkawl hian harsatna na tak a veng thei a ni.
- Malaria tamna hmuna i zin hmain i doctor nen malaria laka inven dan tur leh invenna damdawi chungchang sawipui hmasa phawt ang che.
Malaria, Thosi, Khawsik, Malaria Symptoms, Malaria Enkawlna, Malaria laka invenna, Plasmodium
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