I taksa chhunga ngawi renga hnathawk thin smooth muscles te hi i zir dawn teh ang.

Kan taksa chhunga thil engzat nge kan hriat loh pawhin a thleng tih i ngaihtuah ngai em? Kan thawk a, chaw kan ei a, kan mit hi hetah leh khawiah pawh kan sawn a... Vawiin hian heng zawng zawnga min puitu, leh kan hriat loh taksa ruh chi khat bik kan sawi dawn a ni. Hei hi smooth muscle, a nih loh leh `(Smooth Muscle)` an ti a.

Smooth muscles hi eng nge ni? Engvangin nge an danglam bik em em?

A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, smooth muscle hi i taksa hmun tam takah i thunun theih loh taksa chi khat a ni a, chu chu a thawk nghal mai tihna a ni. I duhzawng ni lovin, i taksa mamawh ang zela hna thawk, duh loh zawnga hnathawk ang mai a ni. ‘Smooth’ tih hi heng muscle te hi an hmel lan dan avang hian an vuah a ni. Muscle chi dang nena khaikhin chuan an hmel a hrual a, chu chu cross-striation (``striations'' an ti bawk) an nei lo tihna a ni.

Kan taksaah hian muscle chi thum a awm tih i hria em?

1. Skeletal Muscle: Hengte hi hriat chian taka kan control thin muscle te an ni. Entirnan, hengte hi kut i chawi sang emaw, ke i sawn emaw a hnathawk thin muscle te an ni. Heng muscle cell te hi sei leh cylindrical an ni a, chuvang chuan ‘muscle fibers’ an ti fo thin. Chungte chu an inzawm khawm a, chu chuan taksa ruh chung lamah ``striations'' emaw, wrinkled appearance emaw an tih chu a siam a ni.

2. Cardiac Muscle: Hemi hi a mawi hmel viau nachungin a structure-ah hian danglamna bik a awm. Tin, hengte hi hmun khatah chauh hmuh tur a awm a, chu chu i thinlungah a awm a ni. He cardiac muscle hian thinlung a ti na a ni.

3. Smooth Muscle: Tuna kan sawi tak smooth muscle te hi skeletal muscle nen a danglam hle. A danglamna ber chu skeletal muscle te hian i thununna hnuaia hna an thawh laiin, smooth muscle te chetna hi i hriat lohvin, i ngaihtuah pawh ngaihtuah lovin a thleng thin. Tin, smooth muscle cells pianzia pawh a danglam hle bawk. A tawp lamah an tawi a, a laiah an zau a, skeletal muscle cell aiin an tawi zawk hle. Cell te tak te, cone ang maia lian ang mai an ni.

Kan taksaah hian khawiah nge heng smooth muscles te hi an awm?

Heng taksa peng hrang hrangte hi kan taksa pum puiah hmun engzat nge an darh tih hi han ngaihtuah teh. Kan taksaah engine te te ngawi renga thawk ang mai an ni. An hmuhna hmunpui thenkhat chu hetiang hi a ni:

• Thlawhna kawngah: Hengte hi kan thawk chhuah huna thawkna kawng (trachea leh bronchi ang chi) bang (trachea leh bronchi ang chi)-ah te hmuh tur a awm a.
• Thisen kalna kawng: I taksa pum puia thisen phurtu thisen kalna kawng leh thisen kalna kawng ang chi thil bang chhungah.
• Digestive system-ah: Heng taksa pengte hi kan ei tur kalna kawngah, chaw kawng atanga chaw kawng (small intestine, large intestine) thlengin an awm a.
• Mit lamah: I mit pawhin hengte hi a nei ve bawk. Mit chu chiang taka hmuh theih nan (focus) a siamrem a, mit chu a dilate leh constrict thei bawk.
• Lymph Vessels: Hengte hi taksaa lymph fluid phurtu vessel system-ah pawh a awm bawk.
• Vun: I vawt chuan i vun a hrual a, a dik em? Chuvang pawh chuan heng smooth muscle te hi an inrawlh a ni.
• Urinary system leh reproductive system-ah chuan:Hengte hi bladder leh uterus ang hmunah pawh a pawimawh hle.

Chuti a nih chuan he smooth muscle hian eng nge a tih tak tak?

Heng smooth muscle te hian kan taksaah hna pawimawh tak tak an thawk a. A bik takin hna engemaw zat an nei a:

1. Thlawhna kawng zau zawng thunun: Heng thau smooth muscle te hian i taksa chhunga channel thenkhat, thisen kalna kawng, lymph vessel leh thawkna kawng zau zawng an control a. Ngaihtuah teh, thisen kalna kawngte hi a inzawm khawm a, a zau a, thisen sang control nan a ni lawm ni? Chumi atan chuan heng taksa ruhte hian an pui thin. Tin, thawkna kawng tizau leh tizau takin thawkna kawngah an thawhhlawk hle bawk.

2. Transporting materials: Heng smooth muscles te hian thil pakhat chu tube ang maia kalna kawngah an nawr thei a. An contract chhunzawm zel a, wave ang maiin a chhunga thil awmte chu hmalam pan turin an nawr chhuak thin. Chutiang chuan chaw chu i digestive system kaltlangin a kal thin. Chaw chu heng smooth muscle te hnathawh avang hian intestines hnuaiah tlem tlem in a kal thla thin.

3. Gatekeeper anga che (`Gatekeeping`): Muscle tam zawk hi a tlangpuiin a relaxed a, a tul hunah chauh contract a ni. Mahse, smooth muscle thenkhat, entirnan bladder emaw anus-a sphincters te hi an inzawm khawm reng a, a tul hunah chauh an relax thin. Kawngkhar vengtu ang maiin a tul loh hunah an khar a, a tul hunah chauh an hawng thin. Hei vang hian zun leh ek kan thunun thei a ni.

Heng general functions bakah hian hmun thenkhatah chuan smooth muscles te hian specialized functions an nei bawk. Entirna tlemte chu hetiang hi a ni:

• Vun: Ka sawi tawh ang khan i vawt emaw, i hlauhthawn emaw chuan i vun chu a clammy a, i sam a ding chhuak thin a ni lawm ni? Chu chu `goosebumps' an ti a. Chu chu i vunah taksa peng te te (smooth muscles) vang a ni.
• Mit: Mit chhunga thau smooth (ciliary body-a awm) hian i mit lens focal length (`focus`) a thlak danglam thei a, chu chu hnai tak emaw, hla tak emaw thil i en hian chiang takin i hmu thei tihna a ni. Heng ruh te hi ``zonules`` an tih fiber te nen an inzawm a ni. Chutiang bawkin mit iris-a smooth muscles te hi êng awm zat tur khawpa iris tizautu a ni.
• Uterus: Nau neih lai hian uterus a contract a, chu chu a ‘na’ tihna a ni a, hei hi uterus chhunga ruh hring (smooth muscles) vang a ni. Heng contraction te hian naute chu a nawr chhuak thin.

Smooth muscle tichhe thei natna leh dinhmun tlanglawn tak takte chu engte nge ni?

Tissue dang zawng zawng ang bawkin smooth muscle te hi natna leh hliam thenkhat an tuar awlsam hle. A bik takin taksa ruh hliam emaw, paralysis ang chi dinhmun emaw hian a nghawng thei a ni. Chu bakah, smooth muscles a bik taka nghawng thei natna dang engemaw zat a awm bawk:

• A rilru a buai em em a, a rilru a hah em em bawk a.Thil thleng chu i taksa ngeia immune system hian tihsualin i taksa ruh smooth tak takte chu a rawn bei a, a tichhia a ni. Nangmah sipai ngei pawhin anmahni an dodal ang mai a ni. Hetiang dinhmun hi ``Autoimmune Hepatitis'' ang chi autoimmune natna nei te zingah a tam zawk.
• Muscular Dystrophies: Hengte hi thlahtute natna chi khat a ni. Zawi zawiin taksa ruhte chu a chak lo va, hna a thawk thei tawh lo. Muscular dystrophy chi hrang hrang a awm bawk a, chu chuan smooth muscle a nghawng a ni.
• Muscle spasms or contraction (`Spasms`): Smooth muscle te hi thunun theih lohvin a inzawm nghal emaw, a inzawm khawm emaw thei. Entirnan, thisen kalna kawng (`Vasospasm`) avanga thisen kal dan a tikhawlo thei. Hei hi entirnan Asthma a ni a, chu chuan thawkna kawng a spasm vangin thawk harsatna a thlen thin. Intestines chhunga muscle te a spasm chuan stomach cramps a awm thei.
• Visceral Myopathies: Hei hi natna chi khat a ni a, taksa peng hrang hrang (smooth muscles) tichhe thei a ni. ‘Visceral’ tih hian chhungril taksa peng hrang hrang a kawk a ni. Chuvangin heng natnate hian chaw ei leh in (digestive system) leh zun kawng (urinary system) smooth muscles te hi a nghawng ber a ni. Hengte hian bladder emaw large intestine ang hmuna smooth muscles a nghawng chuan nunna atana hlauhawm tak a ni thei. Hengte hi genetic factors avanga lo awm a ni fo.

Smooth muscle natna lan chhuah dan tlangpui emaw, a lan chhuah dan tlangpui te chu engte nge ni?

Smooth muscle nena inzawm condition a awm chuan chu muscle awmna taksa system chu a tibuai tlangpui. Symptoms chu a natna taksa pengte awmna leh an hnathawh danah a innghat a ni. Ngaihtuah teh, hmun tina harsatnate hian symptom hrang hrang a siam chhuak thin.

Entirna tlemte pe tur chuan:

• Blood pressure abnormalities: Thisen kalna kawnga smooth muscles te chu a thawk tha lo a nih chuan thisen sang a awm thei a, a nih loh leh thisen sang a tlahniam nghal thei , fainting a thlen thei bawk .
• Digestion slow emaw stopped emaw: I digestive system-a smooth muscles-te’n ei tur an nawr lut tha lo a nih chuan pum na, pum na, luak chhuak, leh chaw ei kham ang chi symptoms a awm thei.
• Zun harsatna: I bladder muscle te a thawk tha lo a nih chuan i zun tha thei lo mai thei. Zun harsa i nei thei a, zun harsa i nei thei bawk.
• Thâwk harsa: Thâwkna kawnga ruh nêm (smooth muscles) a inzawm khawm chuan thawk harsa a ni thei a, i rilruah tightness i nei thei bawk.

Pawimawh: Smooth muscle hi kan taksaa system tam takah a tel avangin, a kaihhnawih symptom leh condition tam tak a awm a. Heng symptoms emaw, condition emaw zinga pakhat emaw chungchangah hian ngaihtuahna emaw, ngaihtuahna emaw i neih chuan doctor pan a, thurawn lak a tha ber. Hei hi chipchiar zawkin a hrilhfiah thei che a, a tul chuan specialist hnenah a refer thei bawk che.

A tawp berah chuan thil hriat reng tur (Take-Home Message) .

Chuvangin, tunah chuan kan taksa peng pakhat, ngawi reng, mahse pawimawh tak chu smooth muscle a nih zia chu i hmu thei ta. Thâwk chhuahna kawng min ṭanpuitu thawkna kawng aṭanga kan mit a fiber te tak te, kan thil hmuhte focus-tu thlengin, smooth muscle hian hmun tinah a hnung lamah hna a thawk a ni.

An hnathawh that chhung chuan an awm tih pawh kan hre reng lo. Chu chu a dik a ni. Mahse, heng taksa ruhte hi a nghawng thei nia i ngaih natna chungchangah hian symptom emaw, ngaihtuahna emaw i neih chuan doctor nen inbiakna neih hreh suh. Chûng ruhte hnathawh dân leh eng thilin nge nghawng a neih theih tih hriatthiamna kawngah a ṭanpui thei che a ni. Tin, taksa ruh hring (smooth muscles) nena inzawm natna emaw, symptom emaw i neih chuan enkawlna hmunah a refer thei bawk che.

Chuvangin, heng ṭhian te te hian i taksa chhungah ngawi rengin hna an thawk tih hriat a phu a ni lawm ni?

` Smooth Muscle, Muscle chi hrang hrang, Automatic Muscles, Taksa hnathawh dan, Taksa natna, Symptoms