I colon chu poison nasa tak a ni em? (Toxic Megacolon) A chanchin hi han zir teh ang u.

I pum na nasa tak, i pum a puak a, i taksaah harsatna i nei fo tawh em? A châng chuan hei hi buaina lian zâwk bul ṭanna a ni thei bawk. Vawiin hian natna pakhat, a nasat deuh, mahse hriat thuai a nih chuan tihdam theih a nih thu kan sawi dawn a ni. Chu chu `(Toxic Megacolon)` an ti a. A hming hi a hlauhawm deuhin a ri a ni lawm ni? Mahse hei hi awlsam takin i hrethiam ang u.

`(Toxic Megacolon)` tih hi eng nge ni? A awlsam zawngin...

A awlsam zawngin, `(Toxic Megacolon)` hi i intestine lian (`(Colon)` tia hriat bawk)-a lo awm, emergency condition na tak a ni. Insum na tak, chu chu intestine lian tak a hring emaw, hliam emaw (`(Colitis)`) avanga lo awm a ni.

Hetiang hian han ngaihtuah teh: kan intestine lian tak hi flexible tube ang a ni. A chhungah hian membrane te tak te a nei a. A tlangpuiin colitis i vei hian he membrane hi a nghawng thin. Mahse inflammation a nasat lutuk chuan intestine layer thuk zawk, chu chu intestine walls-a muscles-ah a darh thei a ni.

Hetiang thil a lo thlen hian eng nge thleng? Intestines wall-a muscle te hian hna an thawk tha tawh lo. Heng taksa pengte hian ei leh in leh boruak chu intestines hnuai lamah a nawr thla a ni. Hna an thawh tawh loh chuan ei leh in leh boruak chu intestine chhungah a tang lut thin. Tichuan, intestine bangte chu a chak lo va, a inzawm a, a zau ta a ni. Balloon ang maiin an inflate thin. Thil hlauhawm ber chu hetianga bawlhhlawh awmkhawmte hian toxin an siam a, chu bang chak lo tak tak kaltlangin thisenah a luang lut thin. Tichuan taksa pum pui chu rulhut (poison) a ni tan ta a ni. Hei hi toxic megacolon emaw ``Toxic Megacolon`` emaw kan ti thin.

`(Toxic Megacolon)` leh `(Megacolon)` chi dang hi eng nge an danglamna?

Tunah chuan, "Colon ti na thei natna dang a awm lo em ni?" Ni e, an awm. A châng chuan colon hi thil tihkhawtlai (`(Obstructions)`) vangin a hring thei a, a châng chuan engmah tihbuai loh (`(Pseudo-obstructions)`) a ni thei bawk. Hei hi `(Megacolon)` an ti bawk.

Mahse, `(Toxic Megacolon)` specialty chu, a hmaa kan sawi tawh ang khan, chu rulhut chu taksa pum puiah a darh vek a ni (`(Systemic Toxicity)`) . Hei hi `(Megacolon)` chi dang ah chuan a thleng ngai lo. A bik takin, he toxic condition hi `(Colitis)`-ah hian hmuh tur a awm tam ber a, chu chu intestine inflammation (`(Colitis)`, chu chu infection hrang hrang emaw `(Inflammatory)` condition vang emaw a ni.Chu chu thisen sang hniam, thinlung na chak tak, leh buaina ang chi symptoms a lo lang thin a ni.

Toxic Megacolon avanga harsatna lian tham awm thei te chu engte nge ni?

Hei hi medical emergency anga ngaih a ni a, nunna atana hlauhawm thei harsatna lian tham engemaw zat a thlen theih avangin.

• Gastrointestinal perforation / rupture : Ka sawi tum chu intestine bang te chu a chak lo va, a inzawm khawm thin. Chutiang a nih chuan awlsam takin a chhe thei a, a puak thei bawk.
• Gastrointestinal bleeding na tak leh thisen tlakchham : Intestines a hliam thei a, thisen a chhuak nasa thei bawk.
• Systemic infection leh sepsis: Intestines atanga toxins thisenah a luh chuan infection chu taksa pum puiah a darh thei a, chu chuan natna hlauhawm tak sepsis an tih chu a thlen thei a ni.
• Abdominal compartment syndrome: Pum chhunga pressure sang chuan taksa peng dang a nghawng thei a ni.

Pawimawh tak: Hetiang symptoms i neih chuan a tha ber chu tihkhawtlai lova damdawi lam thurawn lak hi a ni.

Engtin nge Toxic Megacolon hian thihna pawh a thlen theih?

Hei hi thil pawi tak a ni. Sawi tawh ang khan colon bang chak lo leh inzawm khawm te hi awlsam takin a chhe thei a, a perfored thei bawk. Chutiang perforation a lo awm chuan pum chhungah thisen nasa tak a chhuak thei a, ek ang chi thilte chu pum chhungah a luang lut thei a, pum chhungah natna hrik (peritonitis) a awm thei bawk. He natna hi thisenah rang takin a pungkhawm thei a, taksa pum pui a tichhe thei a, chu chuan toxic shock an tih dinhmun a thlen thei a ni. Tin, pum chhunga pressure a san lutuk chuan taksa peng pawimawh dang (kidney leh lung ang chi)-a thisen kal chu a tichhe thei a, oxygen tlakchhamna leh a hlawhchham thei bawk. Hei hi thihna thlentu ber a ni.

`(Toxic Megacolon)` natna lan chhuah dan chu engte nge ni?

Hetiang dinhmunah hian natna lan chhuah dan chi hrang hrang a lang thei. Ṭhenkhat chuan pum na pangngai ang maiin an inhria thei. Mahse heng symptoms pakhat aia tam i neih chuan, emaw, a nasat chuan i ngaihtuah tur a ni.

• Diarrhea (thisen chhuak fo) : Chaw chhuak chhunzawm zel, thisen nena inzawm a nih chuan chu chu chhinchhiahna hlauhawm tak a ni.
• Pumpui na leh hrual : I pum a hrual ang maia na, i khawih pawhin a na.
• Distended abdomen : Pum chu a lian a, boruak a khat ang maiin a awm.
• Flatulence leh gas pain (`(Gas leh gas na)`) : Pum hi gas a khat a, a na a.
• Nausea leh vomiting : I pum thlenga natna neia inhriatna, luak chhuak tur ang maia inhriatna.
• Luak chhuak (`(Lak na)`) .
• Dehydration : Taksa chhunga tui tlakchhamna. A lan chhuah dan chu hmui a vawt leh zun a tlem.
• Rapid heart rate : Heart beating rate tihpun.
• Khawsik (`(Khawsik)`) .
• Thisen sang hniam (`(Low blood pressure)`) : Pressure tlahniam.
• Rilru buai : Thil thleng hrethiam thei lo, buai anga inhriatna.
• Fatigue/malaise : Chak lo anga inhriatna.

`(Toxic Megacolon)` awm chhan ber chu eng nge ni?

Dik tak chuan colitis na tak chi hrang hrang hian toxic megacolon a thlen thei a ni. Mahse, a tam zawk chu inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) an tih natna vang a ni.Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) hi colitis chi hrang hrang, chronic, rei tak daih leh enkawl harsa tihna a ni. Entirnan, Ulcerative Colitis leh Crohn’s Disease te hi he category-ah hian an tel a ni. Heng dinhmunte hi ei leh in leh damdawi hmanga uluk taka control a nih loh chuan a tawpah chuan colon layer thuk zawkte a nghawng thei a, Toxic Megacolon a thlen thei a ni.

Toxic Megacolon thlentu dangte chu engte nge ni?

`(Toxic Megacolon)` hi `(Colitis)` na tak avanga harsatna awm thei a ni. Chuvangin he `(Colitis)` hi chhan tam tak a awm thei. Chu chu `(Toxic Megacolon)` hi `(Colitis)` natna chi hrang hrang avanga lo awm thei a ni. Eng nge an nih i en ang u:

• Ulcerative Colitis : Hei hi IBD chi khat a ni a, Toxic Megacolon thlentu lian ber a ni bawk. Toxic Megacolon hi a natna hmuhchhuah atanga kum engemaw zat chhungin a awm fo thin.
• Crohn’s Disease : Hei hi IBD chi dang a ni. A tam zawk chu small intestine a nghawng a, mahse large intestine a nghawng thei bawk. Crohn’s Disease vei te pawh hi natna bul tan tirh lamah Toxic Megacolon vei an hlauhawm hle.
• Ischemic Colitis : Intestines-in thisen a pek that loh chuan (Intestinal Ischemic Syndrome) hei hian Ischemic Colitis a thlen thei a ni. Hei hi enkawl a harsa deuh a, Toxic Megacolon thlengin a kal chho thei bawk.
• Radiation Colitis : Cancer ang chi natna tan radiation therapy hian hun rei lote chhunga colitis a thlen thei a, hei hi a side effect angin a awm thei. Mahse, mi thenkhatah chuan rei tak a awm thei a, harsatna a thlen thei bawk.
• Infectious Colitis : Bacterial, parasitic, viral infection hian colitis a thlen thei. Infection chi thenkhat chuan mi thenkhat a tuar nasa zawk. Food poisoning awlsam tak emaw, stomach flu emaw pawh hian mi thenkhatah colitis na tak a thlen thei a ni. Immune system chak lo nei te hi cytomegalovirus ang chi natna kai an hlauhawm hle.
• Pseudomembranous Colitis : Hei hi natna hrik kai chi khat a ni a, bacteria Clostridium difficile (C. diff) avanga lo awm a ni. Tin, toxic megacolon awm theihna tur risk factor tia sawi a ni bawk. Infection dang atana antibiotics ei thinte zingah a awm fo thin. Hei hi a chhan chu intestine chhunga bacteria tha tak takte chu antibiotics hmanga tihhlum a nih chuan C. diff bacteria te chu control theih lohvin an lo thang lian tan thin a ni. He C. diff infection hi a na nghal vat thei a ni.

`(Toxic Megacolon)` vei theihna tur risk factors te chu engte nge ni?

Mi thenkhat chuan he natna hi an nei tam zawk. Tute nge an nih?

• `(Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD))` vei te.
• Autoimmune diseases (i.e. immune system-in taksa cell ngei a beih natna) nei te
• `(HIV/AIDS)` vei te.
• Organ transplant nei tawh emaw, immunosuppressant ei mek emaw te.
• Zunthlum vei te.
• Kal natna nei te.
• Lung natna khirh tak (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease - COPD) nei te.
• Lung lam natna (`(Congestive Heart Failure)`) nei te.

Tin, damdawi thenkhat i ei hian he ``Toxic Megacolon`` dinhmun hi a ti na zual thei bawk:

• Natna tidamtu chi hrang hrang (`(Opioids)`) .
• Steroid hmang lo damdawi (NSAIDs - e.g. Ibuprofen, Diclofenac) te hi a ni.
• Depression damdawi thenkhat (`(Antidepressants)`) .
• Anticholinergics hmanga siam a ni
• Antidiarrheals (hengte hi fimkhur takin hmang la, a chhan chu a natna chu a ti na zual thei a, chu chuan chaw kawng a tikhawlo thei a ni) .
• Bowel prep (Colonoscopy hmaa pum tifai nana damdawi pek thin) (Hei hi colitis vei tawh tan chuan a hlauhawm thei hle)

Engtin nge Toxic Megacolon hi hmuhchhuah a nih?

Doctor chuan i natna lan chhuah dan te, a hmaa natna i neih tawh zawng zawng te, leh damdawi i ei tawh zawng zawng te a zawt ang che. He thu hi a pawimawh a, a chhan chu natna emaw damdawi thenkhat emaw hian Toxic Megacolon vei theihna a tipung thei a ni. Damdawi thenkhat, steroid ang chi te hian Toxic Megacolon symptoms te pawh a titawp thei bawk. Chumi hnuah chuan doctor chuan physical exam a ti ang che.

Taksa enfiahna neih chhung hian i doctor chuan i pum a hring, a hring leh a nuam lo tih a enfiah ang. Stethoscope hmangin chawhmeh tlahniam an ngaithla thei bawk. I vital signs (pulse, temperature, leh blood pressure) te chu toxicity chhinchhiahna te, khawsik, thisen sang hniam, leh heart rate chak tak te te enfiah a ni ang.

Chu bakah, thisen test leh abdominal imaging test (e.g., X-ray, abdominal ultrasound, or CT scan) te chu a natna hriat chian nan a ngai thei bawk. Heng imaging test te hian colon hi engtiang chiahin nge a dilated tih leh harsatna dang a awm leh awm loh an enfiah thin. Thisen test hian thisen var leh thisen sen awm zat a enfiah thei a, inflammation na tak a awm leh awm loh a hriat theih bawk.

`(Toxic Megacolon)` tih hriat nan hian tehfung engemaw zat hman a ni a:

• Colon hi centimetre 6 aia zau a nih thu finfiahna.
• A hnuaia mizia pathum tal nei:
• Khawsik chu 100.4 Fahrenheit (38 Celsius) aia sang a ni.
• Heart rate minute khatah beat 120 aia tam.
• Thisen var cell zat a pung.
• Anemia (thisen sen zat tlahniam).
• A hnuaia mizia pakhat tal neih:
• Tui tlakchhamna (`(Tui tlakchhamna)`).
• Electrolyte/fluid inthlauhna a awm.
• Rilru dinhmun danglam.
• Thisen sang hniam (`(Low blood pressure)`).

Chu bâkah, doctor chuan i thisen emaw, i bawlhhlawh emaw sample chu natna chi hrang hrang a awm leh awm loh enfiah a duh thei bawk.

`(Toxic Megacolon)` hi eng enkawlna nge ni?

Hetiang dinhmun hi ni engemaw zat damdawi in enkawl a ngai a ni. Enkawlna hmasa ber tum ber chu i dinhmun tihngheh leh colitis natna nasatna tihziaawmna a ni. Sepsis ang chi natna i neih chuan intensive care unit (ICU)-ah enkawl i mamawh mai thei. Entirnan, thawk lama harsatna nei tan mechanical ventilation emaw, kal tha lo tan dialysis emaw.

Chutiang a nih loh chuan `(Toxic Megacolon)` enkawlna hmasa ber chu hengte hi a ni:

• IV fluids : Dehydration enkawl la, electrolytes balance rawh.
• Antibiotics : Infection a awm chuan enkawl emaw, infection lo awm tur ven emaw.
• `(Corticosteroids)` : Damdawi chi khat, inflammation (swelling) tihziaawmna atana pek thin a ni.
• Bowel rest : Enteral nutrition / Tube hmanga chaw pek.

Corticosteroids hian a natna a ti tha lo a nih chuan doctor chuan damdawi chi dang, immune modulator ang chi a hmang thei bawk. Hengte hian immune system-in a tihbuai lutuk tihziaawmna kawngah a pui thei a, chu chuan inflammation nasa lutuk a thlen thei a, tissue-a thisen var cells a tipung thei bawk.

Inzai

Damlo 50% vel chauh damdawi hmanga tihdam theih an ni. Mi dangte chuan operation an mamawh thei a, a bîk takin nunna atana hlauhawm harsatna a awm chuan. Toxic megacolon vei mi an enkawl hian doctor-te chuan thutlukna siamnaah ṭanpui turin surgeon-te an zawt hmasa fo ṭhin. A châng chuan, doctor chuan harsatna emaw, hlauhawmna dang emaw a awm loh nân, colon chhia (a colectomy) chu lak chhuah a him zâwk tih a rel thei a ni.

Colectomy i neih chuan ostomy pawh i tih a ngai fo ang. Ostomy chu i pum chhunga zun kal theihna tura hawnna siam a ni. Hei hi i intestines a thawk tha lo a nih chuan stool kalna kawngkhar a ni. Colectomy i neih chi hrang hrang a zirin ostomy hi hun eng emaw chen emaw, a awm reng emaw a ngai mai thei. Hun rei lote chhung emaw, hun rei tak emaw pawh nise, ostomy-a insiamrem hi thil danglam tak a ni thei a, a harsa deuh thei bawk a, a bik takin emergency-ah chuan. Mahse, chu chu i paltlang theihna tura i mamawh ṭanpuina chu i nei ang.

Toxic Megacolon hi tihdam theih a ni em?

Ni e, enkawlna i zawn hma chuan i dam theihna chance a sang hle. `(Toxic Megacolon)` enkawl mek zinga 93% vel chu an dam kim vek a ni. Mahse, intestinal perforation ang chi complication a awm chuan damchhuah zat chu 75% vel a ni. Complication tam zawk hi `(Toxic Megacolon)` hi rei tak enkawl loha dah a nih chuan a thleng thin. Chuvangin i dinhmun pawizia hrethiam a, hmalak vat a pawimawh hle.

Toxic megacolon hi medical emergency a ni a, rang tak leh beisei loh takin a lo awm thei a ni. Tun hnaia inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) control tha lo i vei tih hmuhchhuah a nih chuan i risk sang zawk a ni. Mahse, natna khirh tak emaw, colitis na tak dang emaw a awm lai pawhin a awm thei bawk. I natna lan chhuah dan pangngaia inthlak danglamna emaw, a zual emaw a awm chuan hre reng ang che.

Colitis na tak i neih a, i dam loh emaw, i toxic emaw i hriat tan chuan doctor rawn la nghal rawh. Enkawl hmasak hi nunna atana hlauhawm harsatna awm thei laka invenna tha ber a ni. Surgery neih loh nan a pui thei bawk. Emergency colectomy leh ostomy tih a ngai a nih pawhin, a danglamna nena insiamrem theihna tura i mamawh ṭanpuina zawng zawng i dawng vek dawn tih hre reng ang che.

A pawimawh ber (Take-Home Message) .

Toxic Megacolon hi natna khirh tak, emergency a ni a, intestine lian takah a awm thin. Colitis na tak (inflammation/injury of the colon) avanga lo awm a ni. Pum hring, pum na na tak, thisen chhuak riltam, khawsik, leh thinlung na chak tak ang chi symptom i neih chuan ngaihthah suh. Hei hi medical emergency a ni. Damdawi in enkawl vat vat chuan i dam kim thei a ni. Chuvangin heng symptoms te hi i neih chuan Doctor pan vat tur a ni. I nghah rei poh leh harsatna i nei tam zawk ang a, thihna pawh a tam zawk ang. I hriselna enkawl rawh.

` Toxic Megacolon, Colitis, Colon natna, Pum na, Luak, Surgery, Emergency