I lu i vuak hian thluak chungah eng nge thleng - Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) chungchang hi i zir dawn teh ang!

I lu i vuak nasat hian i thluak ah eng nge thleng thin tih i ngaihtuah ngai em? A châng chuan heng thil thleng chi hrang hrangte hi i ngaihtuah aiin a pawi zâwk thei a ni. Vawiin hian he luruh hliam chi hi kan sawi dawn a, chu chu Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) tih a ni. Hei hi damdawi lama harsatna lian tak a ni a, a takah chuan kan thluak hnathawh a tichhe a ni.

Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) hi eng nge ni tak tak?

A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, traumatic brain injury (TBI) chu lu-a vuakna nasa tak, hliam emaw, luruh chhunga thil lut a, thluaka lut emaw avanga thluak chhiatna a ni. Hetiang hian han ngaihtuah teh: lungpui sang tak atanga coconut a tla a, a chhunga tui a chhuah ang chiah hian kan thluak pawh hi luruh chhungah a awm a, chuvangin i lu i vuak nasat chuan thluak hian luruh chhung lam a rawn deng thei a ni. A nih loh leh, thil na tak tak i lu a rawn deng chuan luruh chhungah a lut thei a, thluak a tichhe thei bawk.

He natna hi TBI tia koh a ni a, United States ang ramah chuan thihna leh hun rei tak chhung chak lohna thlentu lian ber a ni. Hun rei lote chhung leh hun rei tak chhung hriselna lama harsatna a thlen thei bawk. Chumi awmzia chu i nun kawng tinrengah nghawng a nei thei tihna a ni. Mahse thu lawmawm tak chu, a enkawlna tur a awm. Chu aia pawimawh zawk chu, heng ang chetsualna chi hrang hrangte hi ven dan tur a awm.

Sri Lanka ramah hian hetiang lu hliam hi kan hre fo thin a ni lawm ni? Bicycle atanga tlu te, infiamna khelh laiin i lu vuak te, car accident... heng zawng zawng hian TBI a thlen thei a ni. Chuvang chuan hei hi kan hriat chian a pawimawh hle a ni.

TBI hi engtiang chiahin nge a hluar?

Hei hi a takah chuan i ngaihtuah aia tam zawk a ni. Entirnan, kum 2020 khan United States-ah ringawt pawh TBI vangin mi 214,000 chuang damdawi inah dah an ni. Tin, TBI kaihhnawih harsatna vangin mi 69,000 chuang an thi bawk. Chuvangin hei hi ngaihthah tur a ni lo.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) chi hrang hrangte chu engte nge ni?

Doctor-te chuan heng TBI te hi chi hnih ah an then a:

1. Penetrating TBI: Hei hi thil nalh tak (bullet, chemte, thir phek ang chi) a luhchilh a, thluak tissue a tihchhiat hian a ni. Doctor te chuan hei hi ``Open TBI'' an ti fo thin.

2. Non-penetrating/Blunt TBI: Hei hi i lu hi na taka vuak a nih chuan a thleng thin a, chu chuan thluak chu luruh chhungah a che emaw a inher emaw a ni. Doctor-te chuan hei hi ``Closed head TBI'' emaw ``Blunt TBI'' emaw an ti bawk. Hei hi car accident-ah te, tlu emaw, lu-a vuak emaw, puak emaw, infiamna khelh laiin lu-a vuaknaah emaw a thleng thei a ni.

Chu bâkah, doctor-te chuan TBI natna chu a na lo, a na lo, a na lo hle bawk .

• TBI na lo tak:Hei hi a tam ber chi a ni a, TBI zawng zawng zinga 75% aia tam a ni. A chang chuan doctor te chuan he TBI na lo tak hi concussion an ti thin . Mahse, a na lo hle nachungin, harsatna lian tak, hun rei tak chhung a thlen thei a ni. TBI na lo tak nei chuan nitin hnathawhnaah kir leh a harsat thei a, chu chu hnathawhna hmuna kal ang chi hi a ni.
• TBI Moderate leh Severe: Heng pahnih hian hriselna lama harsatna lian tak, hun rei tak chhung a thlen fo thin.

TBI natna lan chhuah dan chu engte nge ni?

TBI i neih chuan i lu chu khawi emaw laiah vuak a ni a, i thluak chu i luruh chhungah a che emaw, a inher emaw tihna a ni. Chutiang a nih chuan i thluak a chhiat phah thei a, i thluaka thisen kalna kawngte pawh a hliam thei bawk. TBI hian i thluaka chemical inthlak danglamna a thlen a, chu chuan thluak cell te chu a thawk tha tawh lo.

TBI natna lan chhuah dan hi a nasat loh, a nasat loh leh a nasat dan azirin a inang lo. Mahse, TBI eng pawh hian symptoms a thlen thei. Chungte chu taksa lama harsatna te, ngaihtuahna leh hriatrengna lama harsatna te, leh khawtlang emaw, rilru lama harsatna te a ni thei. Puitling leh naupang pawhin symptom inang an nei a. Amaherawhchu, nausen naupangin TBI a neih chuan ei leh in harsatna emaw, nau hnute pek emaw ang chi symptom an nei thei a, eng ang pawhin thlamuan mah se, thunun theih lohvin an tap thei bawk.

Mild TBI a nihna lan chhuah dan

TBI na lo tak symptoms hi a inang lo. Hliam hnu lawkah, ni engemaw zat hnuah emaw, kar khat hnuah emaw pawh an rawn lang thei a ni. Lu hliam leh i rilru hahna inzawmna i hmu lo mai thei. Tin, thluak a dam chhoh zel chuan symptoms pawh a danglam thei bawk.

A lan chhuah dan chi hrang hrang a awm a, chungte chu:

Taksa lama harsatna: 1.1.

• Nausea leh luak chhuak
• Luak chhuak emaw, balance hloh emaw
• Lu na
• Eng en thiam lohna (mit chu a sen ang maiin a lang) .
• Chauhna, chak lohna hriatna
• Entirnan, mit hmuhna lama harsatna nei, mit hmuh lohna (blurred vision).

Ngaihtuahna emaw hriatrengna lama harsatna:

• Rilru tibuai
• Thil ngaihtuah harsa tak a ni
• Thil chiang taka ngaihtuah harsa
• Hun rei lote chhunga hriatrengna hloh
• Engkim hi zawi zawiin a thleng vek ang maia inhriatna, slow motion-a awm ang maia inhriatna.
• Grogginess a ni

Khawtlang emaw, rilru lama harsatna emaw:

• Hlauhthawnna
• Lungkham fo thin
• Thinrimna (Iritability) a awm

Mut lama harsatna nei:

TBI na lo tak chuan i mut a nghawng thei bawk. Hei hian mut harsat te, a tlangpui aia mut tlem te, a tlangpui aia mut tam te a huam thei a ni.

TBI Moderate emaw Severe emaw a nihna lan chhuah dan

TBI na lo ang bawkin TBI na tak emaw, na tak emaw chhinchhiahna hi hun kal zelah a danglam thei a ni.

Taksa lama harsatna nei: 1.1.

Chûngte chu a pawi hle thei a, entîr nân:

• Thil hriatna hloh. TBI hniam tak chu minute 30 aia rei leh darkar 24 aia rei lo a daih thei. TBI na tak chu darkar 24 aia rei a daih thei.
• Coma ah a awm
• Kut leh kea chak lohna
• Balance leh coordination lama harsatna awm
• Hriatna emaw, mit hmuhna lama harsatna nei
• Sensation inthlak danglamna, khawih ang chi

Ngaihtuahna emaw hriatrengna lama harsatna:

TBI na tak emaw, na tak emaw chuan a natna lan chhuahna a thlen thei a, chungte chu:

• Rilru tibuai
• Thil ngaihtuah harsa tak a ni
• Thil chiang taka ngaihtuah harsa
• Hun rei lote chhunga hriatrengna hloh
• Midang nena inbiak pawh harsa
• Grogginess a ni

Khawtlang emaw, rilru lama harsatna emaw:

TBI na tak emaw, na tak emaw chuan a natna lan chhuahna a thlen thei a, chungte chu:

• Hlauhthawnna
• Lungkham fo thin
• Thinrimna (Iritability) a awm
• Lungngaihna, inchhir
• Lungngaihna
• Thinrimna
• Aggression a ni
• Thiltih dan thunun harsa
• A hma aia fimkhur lo zawka hnathawh

TBI avanga harsatna awm thei te chu engte nge ni?

TBI na lo, na lo leh na tak te hian harsatna hrang hrang a thlen thei a ni.

TBI na lo tak i neih a, i thluak dam theihna hun i pek loh chuan nunna atana hlauhawm second-impact syndrome tih chu i vei theihna a sang zawk a ni. Hei hi thluak a lo hring nghal a, thluak tissue chu hmun khat atanga hmun dangah a inthlak danglam thin a ni.

TBI nasat lutuk emaw, na tak emaw hian hun rei tak chhung a nghawng thei a, chung zingah chuan:

• Thluak thisen chhuak
• Seizures a awm thin
• Thluak chhiatna leh chak lohna awm reng
• Nun rei zawng tih tawi

Tin, TBI nasat lutuk emaw, na tak emaw hian natna hrang hrang lo awm theihna a tipung bawk a, chungte chu:

• Alzheimer natna a ni
• Hlauhthawnna
• Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE) (Lu vuak fo thin, infiammi te ang chi natna) .
• Lungngaihna
• Incheina lama harsatna awm thei
• Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) avanga harsatna awm thei hi a ni.

Engtin nge TBI hi hmuhchhuah a nih?

TBI na lo tak i nei nia i hriat chuan i doctor chuan a enfiah ang che a, i symptoms te a zawt ang che. Eng thilin nge hliam an tuar tih hriat an tum bawk ang. Test an ti thei a, hetiang hi:

• Neurological evaluation neih a ni
• Imaging test te pawh a awm. CT scan emaw MRI emaw hmangin thluaka thisen a chhuak emaw, a hring emaw a awm leh awm loh enfiah theih a ni.
• Thisen test a ni

TBI hniam emaw, na tak emaw i neih chuan i doctor chuan thisen test leh CT scan a ti mai thei a, chu chuan eng damdawi lam enkawlna nge a mamawh tih a hriat theih a ni.

TBI enkawlna tur engte nge ni?

TBI na lo leh na lo/na tak tan hian enkawlna hrang hrang a awm a. I dinhmun azirin enkawlna bik chu a inang lo thei.

TBI na lo tak enkawlna

TBI na lo tak i neih chuan doctor-te chuan a hnuaia mi ang hian an rawt thei ang:

• Chawlh: Hei hi a pawimawh ber a ni. I thluak hi a dam theih nan hun i pek a ngai a ni.
• Non -NSAID painkillers doctor prescription tel lova ei theih (e.g. paracetamol. Mahse doctor zawh a tha ber.)
• Symptom thar a lo lang em tih emaw, kar engemaw zat chhunga symptom awm tawhte chu a na zual em tih emaw enfiah turin medical checkup neih fo thin .

TBI na tak emaw, na tak emaw enkawlna

TBI na tak emaw, na tak emaw hi medical emergency a ni. Doctor-te chuan surgery an ti thei a, chungte chu:

• Luruh chhunga pressure tihhniam rawh.
• Penetrate TBI (chu chu thil pakhatin luruh a tichhia a, thluak tissue-ah a lut tihna) a nih chuan luruh chhunga thil chhe awm zawng zawng chu paih vek tur a ni.
• Thisen zam te chu paih chhuak rawh.
• Luruh a ruh tliak te siamthat.
• Thluak chhunga pressure leh oxygen level teh thei tur monitor dah rawh.

Doctor-te pawhin heng ang damdawi hi an pe thei bawk:

• Doctor-in natna tidam thei damdawi a pek.
• Antiseizure damdawi hman tur.
• Vein-a thisen zam (venous thromboembolism) venna damdawi.
• Alertness tipungtu stimulant.
• Antidepressant damdawi a ni.
• Lungkhamna damdawi (Anxiolytics).

Surgery atanga i dam hnuah rehabilitation treatment i tan mai thei. Rehabilitation tum ber chu nitin hnathawh theihna tihchangtlun leh inbiakpawhna emaw rilru lam harsatna emaw ang chi harsatnate enkawl tura puih a ni. Enkawlna i dawng thei a, chungte chu:

• Taksa lam enkawlna
• Occupational therapy hmanga enkawlna
• Thusawi hmanga enkawlna
• Thluak lam enkawlna
• Emotional emaw mental health lama harsatna awm apiang tanpui turin Psychological therapy

TBI atanga dam leh kim theih a ni em?

I dinhmunah a innghat tak zet a ni. TBI tin hian harsatna an nei thei. A then phei chuan TBI hian hun rei tak chhung nghawng a nei thei bawk. TBI i neih chuan i doctor hnenah eng nge i beisei theih tih zawt la.

Pawimawh: Mi zawng zawng dam leh dan hi a danglam vek a, chuvangin midang nen in tehkhin suh. I doctor thupek ang chiah kha zawm rawh.

TBI hi ven theih a ni em?

TBI thlen thei zawng zawng hi i pumpelh thei lo mai thei. Mahse, i lu venhimna tur leh TBI vei theihna tur tihziaawmna tur thil i tih theih a awm. Chung zinga ṭhenkhat chu hetiang hi a ni:

• I tlu hlauhawmna tihtlem: Kum 65 aia upa i nih chuan tlu hlauhawmna a sang zawk. Stairs-a handrail dah leh i in chhehvela kawng chiang leh him tak siam (entir nan, rug, electrical cord sei tak tak, leh furniture thil te tak te, i ti tlu thei tur te paih chhuah) ngaihtuah rawh.
• Hrisel takin khel rawh: Contact sports i khelh chuan, bicycle i khalh a, motor i khalh a nih chuan invenna hmanrua (helmet ang chi) ha la.
• I seat belt kha khih rawh: I lirthei khalh dawnin i seat belt vuah la, i bula midangte pawhin seat belt an vuah ve ngei ngei tur a ni. Naute leh naupang te te nen kan zin dawnin car seat emaw booster seat-ah emaw dah fo thin ang che.

TBI na lo tak ka nei a. Engtin nge ka in enkawl ang?

TBI na lo nei tam zawk chu ni engemaw zat chawlh hnuah an dam leh thin. TBI na lo tak i neih chuan hetiang hian i in enkawl thei ang:

• I lu leh thluak ti na leh thei thil tih loh tur.
• Lu na i neih chuan doctor hnenah eng painkiller nge i hman theih ang tih leh engtikah nge i hman ang tih zawt la.
• Chawlh hahdam tam rawh. I thluak hian dam nan hun a mamawh a ni. Mut harsatna i neih chuan i doctor nen mut that theihna tura i tih theih turte sawipui thin ang che.

TBI vei te hi engtikah nge emergency room-ah an kal ang?

TBI i neih chuan heng symptoms te hi i neih chuan doctor tanpuina zawng nghal rawh :

• Lu na a reh loh chuan, a zual deuh chuan.
• Luak chhuak a reh loh chuan.
• Thusawi hrual (slurred) a ni.

TBI vei i enkawl a nih chuan a hnuaia mi i hriat chuan damdawi lam tanpuina zawng nghal rawh :

• An rilru a buai em em a, i kaitho thei lo.
• Convulsion an neih chuan.
• I hriat chuan an mit pakhata black pupil chu a dang aiin a lian zawk hle.

Ka hnaih ber pakhat hian TBI a nei a, a nasat em em bawk. Engtin nge ka tanpui theih ang?

TBI vei i enkawl a nih chuan an nun siam\hat lehna tura \anpui dan tur chungchangah \anpuina leh kaihhruaina i mamawh mai thei. Rawtna thenkhat chu hetiang hi a ni:

• TBI hian engtin nge a nghawng tih zir rawh. Beisei tûr hriatna chuan i hmangaih tak chu harsatna an tawh hunah i thlawp ṭha zâwk thei a ni.
• Therapy-a tel turin fuih rawh.
• Chawlh hahdam tawk an neih theih nan theihtawp chhuah rawh.
• Nangmah pawh in enkawl ve bawk ang che.TBI na tak nei enkawl hi a hahthlak hle thei a, a buaithlak hle bawk. I hmangaih tak doctor-te hnenah chawlh hahdamna engemaw chen i neih theihna tura pui thei tur service leh programme chungchang zawt rawh.
• Support group pakhatah tel ve rawh. I thil tawn hrethiamtute nena inzawmna siam hian nangmah chauh ni lo ang maiin i inhriat theih nan a pui thei che a ni.

Doctor hnenah eng zawhna nge ka zawh ang?

TBI na lo tak i neih chuan doctor hnenah heng zawhnate hi i zawt thei ang:

• Eng ang TBI nge ka neih?
• Surgery emaw therapy emaw ka mamawh ang em?
• Engtikah nge ka dam leh ang?
• Engtikah nge hna emaw, sikul emaw ka kal leh theih ang?

TBI na tak nei mi i enkawl a nih chuan heng zawhnate hi i inzawt thei ang:

• Enkawlna kawng hrang hrangte chu engte nge ni?
• Eng ang rehabilitation nge an mamawh ang?
• An dam leh theihna chance engzat nge awm?
• Engtin nge he dinhmun hi hmachhawn tûrin ka ṭanpui theih ang?

A tawp berah chuan thil hriat reng tur (Take-Home Message) .

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) , lu hliam na tak chu a nasat ber pawhin nunna atana hlauhawm tak a ni thei. Mahse TBI na lo tak pawh hian i nun a tidanglam thei. TBI hi i lu i vuak emaw, thil pakhatin i lu a rawn deng emaw hian a awm thei. Chûngte chuan hun rei lote chhûng emaw, hun rei tak chhûng emaw harsatna a thlen thei a, i nun kawng tinrêng a nghawng thei bawk. TBI hian i ngaihtuahna, i awm dan, i rilru put hmang leh i zir dan a thlak danglam thei a ni. I hnathawh theihna leh inzawmna siam theihna a nghawng thei bawk.

TBI hi thil tam tak avanga lo awm thei a ni a, beisei loh taka tlu te, car accident te, leh midangte inkara tharum thawhna te pawh a tel. TBI thlen thei zawng zawng hi i pumpelh thei dawn tihna a ni lo. Mahse i risk tihtlem nan hma i la thei. TBI vei theihna tur i hlauh chuan doctor hnenah TBI laka i inven dan tur leh i thluak inven dan tur zawt la. I lu hi thil hlu tak a ni a, enkawl chu i mawhphurhna a ni.

` TBI, thluak hliam, lu hliam, concussion, luruh hliam, thluak chhiatna, thluak lama harsatna nei te