He herd immunity an tih hi eng nge ni? A chanchin awlsam takin i zir ang u.

"Herd Immunity" tih thumal hi i hre tawh em? He term hi kan hre nasa hle a, a bik takin COVID-19 hripui leng karah hian. Mi thenkhat chuan "herd immunity" an ti bawk. Chuti a nih chuan thumal awlsam tak hmanga sawi chuan eng nge a awmzia tih i ngaihtuah ngai em? Ngaihtuah buai suh, hei hi scientific thil lian tak ni mahse, awlsam takin, kan tawngin sawi ila.

Herd Immunity hi eng nge ni?

A awlsam zawngin, herd immunity chu hmun khata mipui tam zawkin natna chi khat laka immunity, chu chu venhimna an neih hian a ni.

Hetiang hian han ngaihtuah teh. Kan khuaa mi tam zawk hi chu measles laka him lo an ni. Chuvangin pawn lam atanga tu emaw chu measles neiin khuaah lo lut ta se, midang hnena natna kai darh theihna chance a tlem hle. Engati nge? A chhan chu an chhehvela mi tam zawkin he natna hi an kai lo. Natna thlentu virus hian a thlen theihna tur kawng a tlakchham ang mai a ni. Hun engemaw chen hnuah hripui hian khawiah mah darh tur a nei tawh lo va, zawi zawiin khawtlang a\angin natna hi a bo \hin.

Entirnan, hei hian naute naupang te, taksa hriselna chak lo (e.g., cancer vei, taksa peng thlak danglamtu), leh natna lo thlen theihna chance a tlem avangin vaccine la thei lote tan venhimna nasa tak a pe a ni.

Engtin nge he herd immunity hi kan siam ang?

He herd immunity hi a awm theih dan tlangpui pahnih a awm.

1. Natural Infection

Miin virus emaw bacteria emaw a kai chuan kan taksa immune system hian a do tan thin. Chu chu do tûrin kan taksa chuan antibodies tih hming pu thil a siam a. Natna a dam hnuah pawh heng antibody te hi kan taksaah a awm reng a. Ni khat chu natna thlentu hrik chu kan taksaah a lo let leh a nih chuan kan taksa chuan chu antibody te chu hmangin a hneh ta a ni. Hei hi Brazil rama Zika virus hri leng chu an thunun dan a ni. Kum hnih chhungin chuta mipui 63% chuan he hri hi an kai tawh a, hei hian herd immunity a thlen niin zirchiangtute chuan an ring.

2. Vaccine pek hmangin

Vaccine pek hi herd immunity siamna atana him ber leh tangkai ber a ni. Vaccine hian a tih chu kan taksa chu natna hi kan nei tih ngaihtuah turin "trick" a ni a, a takin kan vei lo. Chumi hnuah chuan kan immune system chuan a hmaa kan sawi tawh antibody te chu a siam ta a ni. Chuvangin natna thlentu tak tak natna hrik chu kan taksaah a lut ngai a nih chuan kan taksa hian do turin a inpeih tawh a ni. United States ang ram atang chuan polio hi tihbo a ni a, hei hi vaccine pek avanga herd immunity siam vang a ni.

Herd Immunity Threshold leh R0 Value te a ni

Natna zawng zawng hian herd immunity nei turin mi zat inang an mamawh vek lo. Natna a darh chak danah a innghat a ni. Hetiang speed tehna chu R0 (R-naught) an ti a.

R0 tih hian natna vei mi pakhatin immunity nei lo khawtlang zinga a kai theih zat zat a kawk a ni. R0 value a san theih nan, leh herd immunity a awm theih nan khawtlang nunah immunity nei percentage pawh nasa takin a pung a ngai bawk.

A hnuaia table hi en la, hei hi i tan a chiang zawk ang.

COVID-19 leh herd immunity: Engvangin nge hei hi a harsat em em?

Kum 2019-a COVID-19 hri leng a lo chhuah tirh khan harsatna lian ber chu "thar" emaw "novel" emaw a nih vang a ni.Virus a nih avangin. Chumi awmzia chu miten he hri hi an kai ngai lo tihna a ni. Chuvangin khawvel pumpuiah hian tumahin natural immunity an nei lo.

Khawvel pumah COVID-19 vaccine tluklehdingawn tam tak pek ni tawh mah se, he natna atanga mi maktaduai tam tak dam chhuak tawh mah se, COVID-19 laka herd immunity kan la nei lo. Hei hi chhan hrang hrang a awm a.

• Virus-a mutations: COVID-19 virus hi a mutations reng a ni. Delta leh Omicron ang chi variant te chu i hre reng mai thei. Heng variant tharte hi virus hmasa aiin an darh chak zawk hle. Chumi awmzia chu R0 value a sang tihna a ni. Hei hian herd immunity atana percentage mamawh pawh a tipung bawk. Tin, heng mutations te hian hun kal zelah vaccine in venhimna a pek chu a tihtlem thei bawk.

• Vaccine hman tangkai dan leh vaccine pek chungchanga harsatna: COVID-19 vaccine hian natna khirh tak leh thihna laka invenna kawngah nasa takin a thawh laiin, herd immunity nei thei tur chuan mi tam tak vaccine pek an la ni lo. Mi thenkhatin vaccine hi an la nei lo a, thenkhat chuan mimal thil vangin vaccine hi an hnawl bawk. Tin, vaccine laka venhimna sang ber neih theih nan mi zawng zawng hian dose leh booster dose mamawh an dawng vek lo bawk.

Chuti a nih chuan, khawtlang nunah natna darh zel tur tihtawp dan tha ber chu eng nge ni ang?

COVID-19 chungchang sawi dawn chuan vaccine lak leh a hun taka booster shot lak hi natna khirh tak laka mahni leh i hmangaihte venhimna tha ber a ni.

Natna hrik kai theih dangte laka invenna atan thil tam tak kan tih theih a ni:

• Vaccine awmna natna (e.g. measles, hepatitis A leh B, influenza) te chu a hun takah vaccine lak thin ang che.
• In chhungah, chu chu in chhungah, mi tam tak an awm khawm chuan tukverh hawn la, boruak tha tak luh theihna tur a ni.
• Chaw ei hma te, inthiarna hman zawh te, sahbawn leh tuiin uluk takin kut sil thin ang che. Kut sil theihna i neih loh chuan hand sanitizer hmang ang che.
• Khawih fo thinna hmun (kawngkhar knob, keyboard, remote control) te chu fai takin vawng reng ang che.
• I khuh emaw, i thawk hah emaw hian i hmui leh hnar chu tissue emaw i elbow emaw hmangin khuh thin ang che. Hei hian i kut ah natna hrik a luh loh nan a veng ang.
• Natna i neih emaw, natna hrik kai theihna symptom i neih emaw chuan in lamah awm rawh. Hei hian midangte hnena natna kai darh loh nan a veng ang.