Te toa iti e kore e taea te wareware i roto i ō tātou oranga: Ngā mea katoa mō te Medulla Oblongata!

Kua whakaaro kē koe me pēhea te puta aunoa o ētahi o ngā mea o roto i ō tātou tinana – te manawa, te patu i ō tātou ngākau, te horomi kai – me te kore e kaha, me te kore e whakaarohia e tātou? Ko te tangata iti engari he tino kaha kei muri i te nuinga o ēnei mahi tino nui e kiia nei ko te Medulla Oblongata. Me kōrero tātou mō tēnei wāhanga whakamiharo i tēnei rā?

He aha te Medulla Oblongata? He māmā noa iho...

Ki te kī ngāwari, ko tō medulla oblongata tētahi wāhanga o tō roro. Whakaarohia pēnei, mai i tō tātou roro ki raro ki tō tātou tuaiwi, kei a tātou te taurakira, he rite ki te piriti e hono ana i ngā mea e rua. Koia te take he hononga tino nui te medulla oblongata i roto i tō tātou pūnaha io. He rite ki te hononga nui e tūtaki ai ngā rori nui! Māna e whakahaere te nuinga o ngā mahi tino nui o tō tātou tinana.

He aha tonu te mahi a te medulla oblongata? Ko ētahi o āna mahi...

He mahi tino nui tā te medulla oblongata (me kī noa ko "medulla"). Ehara i te mea nā tōna wāhi anake, engari nā ngā mea e whakahaeretia ana e ia. Anei ētahi o ngā mahi e mahia ana e ia:

• Whakahaere i te ngākau , te rere o te toto , me te manawa : Ae, ko te medulla te wāhi e mahi tahi ai tō tātou pūnaha manawa me te pūnaha manawa ki te whakahaere i ngā mea pēnei i te tere o te manawa, te āhua o tō manawa, me te toto toto . Whakaarohia, ki te kore taua mea, e kore rawa tātou e kaha ki te manawa tika!
• Ka whakahaerehia ētahi atu tukanga aunoa: Koinei ngā mea ka puta aunoa i roto i tō tinana, me te kore koe e whakaaro ki aua mea. Hei tauira, ko ngā mea pēnei i te maremare, te tihe, te horomi kai, te ruaki , me te pupuri i te taurite . Ina kai tātou, kāore tātou e whakaaro, "Me horomi ahau ināianei," tika? Ka puta aunoa. Koinei te mea e āwhina ana i a tātou ki te mahi i tēnā.
• Ngā hononga io: Ko te nuinga o ngā io nui o tō tātou tinana e hono ana ki tō tātou taurakira. Mai i reira, ka tukuna ngā karere ki te roro, mai i reira hoki mā roto i ēnei io. Nō reira, me haere aua karere katoa mā roto i te medulla. E whā o ngā io angaanga tekau mā rua, e hono ana i ngā wāhi pēnei i tō kaki, korokoro , me te arero ki te roro, ka haere mā roto i tēnei medulla.
• Pūwāhi whakawhiti:Anei tētahi mea tino mīharo! He wāhi motuhake kei roto i te medulla e kiia nei ko ngā "Pyramids" te wāhi e whiti ai ngā io maha e uru ana ki ngā nekehanga o tō tātou tinana. Koia te take e whakahaere pinepine ai tētahi taha o tō roro i tētahi atu taha o tō tinana. Whakaarohia, ina hiahia koe ki te neke i tō ringa matau, ka puta te whakahau mai i te taha maui o tō roro. Koinei te mea ka tupu nā tēnei whiti.

He mea nui: He wāhanga nui te medulla o ō tātou oranga, ā, he tino ātaahua tana mahi. Nō reira, he mea tino nui kia tiakina.

He aha te whanaungatanga i waenga i te medulla me ngā io cranial?

Kua kōrero kē tātou he momo io kei reira e kiia nei ko ngā io angaanga. Ka takirua ēnei. Me titiro tātou ki ētahi o ngā io e haere ana i roto i te medulla:

• Io Cranial IX (CN IX): He maha ngā mahi a tēnei io cranial tuaiwa i roto i tō tātou waha. Māna e whakahaere ngā repe e whakaputa ana i te huware, e reka ai, e pā ai hoki ki roto i te waha. Māna anō hoki e whakahaere te ātete waha, e ārai ai i te mau o tētahi mea ki roto i tō tātou korokoro.
• Io Cranial X (CN X): Ko tētahi atu ingoa mō tēnei io cranial tekau ko te io Vagus. He io tino nui tēnei i roto i tō tātou tinana. E hono ana ki ngā okana nui katoa mai i tō tātou kaki ki te wāhanga o runga o tō tātou koroni. Ka kawe karere mai i te pūnaha io autonomic, kāore e whakaarohia ana e tātou. Ka whakahaere i ngā mea pēnei i te tere o te ngakau me te nekehanga o te puku. Ka kawe karere hoki ki tō tātou larynx (pouaka reo) me ngā uaua e whakamahia ana hei horomi kai.
• Io Cranial XI (CN XI): Ko te io cranial tekau mā tahi te kaiwhakahaere i ngā uaua o tō tātou kaki me te tuara o runga. Ka āwhina ēnei uaua ina tahuri tō mahunga me te hiki i ō pakihiwi.
• Io Angaanga XII (CN XII): Ko te io angaanga tekau mā rua te kaiwhakahaere o ngā uaua e whakamahia ana e koe hei whakaputa i tō arero. Nō reira, he mea nui te kōrero me te horomi.

Ka kite koe, he aha te hiranga o te whatunga io e mahi ana i roto i tēnei medulla iti!

Kei hea te medulla?

Kei te pito rawa o tō roro te medulla. Ina koa, koinei te wāhi e hono ai tō taurakira ki tō roro mā te whakatuwheratanga e kiia nei ko te foramen magnum kei te pūtake o tō angaanga. Kei runga noa ake i te medulla ko ngā pons, kei raro iho i ngā hanganga kei waenganui o te roro. Ko tētahi atu āhuatanga ahurei o te medulla ko tana wehewehe i ngā io e whakahaere ana i te nekehanga o ngā uaua (kei te taha maui) mai i ngā io e whakahaere ana i ngā kare ā-roto pēnei i te pā, te pāmahana, me te mamae (kei te taha matau).

He aha te āhua o tēnei? Te āhua, te tae, te rahi?

• Āhua:He rite te āhua o te medulla ki te ngongo, ki te hāneanea rānei. Ko te wāhanga o runga, te wāhi e hono ana ki ngā pons, te mea whānui rawa atu.
• Tae: He parauri, he mā rānei te tae o tēnei. I ētahi wā he māwhero te tae.
• Rahi: He mea tino nui te medulla, engari he tino iti. E 3 henimita te roa (tata ki te 1.1 inihi). Ko te whānuitanga whānui rawa atu ko te 2 henimita (tata ki te 0.78 inihi).
• Taumaha: Ko te taumaha o te roro pakeke toharite i waenga i te 1.2 me te 1.4 kirokaramu (2.6 me te 3.1 pauna). Ko te medulla te 0.5% o tēnei. Ko te tikanga he taumaha i waenga i te 59 me te 72 karamu (2 me te 2.5 auneke). He iti, engari he nui te mahi, tika?

He aha te mea i hangaia ai tēnei?

Pērā i ētahi atu kiko roro, he mea hanga te medulla i ngā momo pūtau roro mā, hina hoki me ngā pūtau io. Ko te kiko roro he mea hanga ki:

• 77% wai
• Ngako `(Ngā Ngako)` 11%
• 8% pūmua
• Ētahi atu mea 4%

He aha ngā mate me ngā āhuatanga e pā ana ki te medulla?

Ka pāngia pea tēnei wāhanga iti engari he mea nui e ngā mate me ngā āhuatanga rerekē. Anei ētahi o aua mate:

• Ngā aneurysm (ngoikore me te pupuhi o ngā oko toto)
• Matepukupuku
• Te kino o te roro i puta mai i ngā whara o te mahunga, pērā i te whati roro me ngā whara roro
• Ngā whiu, ngā whakaekenga ischemic poto rānei (TIA) (e kiia ana hoki ko ngā whiu iti)
• He maha atu anō ngā mate onge, pērā i te mate Moebius, te atrophy pūnaha maha, me te pararutiki supranuclear whakamua.

He maha anō hoki ngā āhuatanga e puta mai ana i ngā whiu i roto i te kakau roro, e mōhiotia ana he ingoa motuhake:

• Te mate o Wallenberg: E mōhiotia ana ko te mate o te lateral medullary, ka puta tēnei āhuatanga ina mutu te rere o te toto ki te taha o te medulla, ka pakaru taua wāhi. Koinei te momo whiu tino noa e pā ana ki te medulla.
• Te mate Dejerine: E kiia ana hoki ko te mate medial medullary, ka puta tēnei ina aukati te rere o te toto ki waenganui o te medulla i te whiu, ka pā ki ngā piramita e whiti ai ngā io.
• Te mate pukupuku waenga-rua: He āhua rerekē tēnei. Ka whakakotahi i ngā āhuatanga o te mate pukupuku Dejerine me te mate pukupuku Wallenberg, ka pā ki ngā taha e rua o te tinana.
• Te mate Reinhold:E kiia ana hoki tēnei ko te mate hemidemedullary. He tino onge tēnei. He rite ngā tohu ki te mate Wallenberg me te mate Dejerine, engari kotahi anake te taha e pāngia ana e te mate Wallenberg.
• Ngā mate Babinski-Nageotte me Cestan-Chenais: He tino onge hoki ēnei mate. Nā te whakakotahitanga o ētahi o ngā pānga o te mate Wallenberg me te mate Reinhold ēnei mate.

He aha ngā tohu o ngā raruraru o te medulla?

He tino rite ngā tohu o ngā āhuatanga e pā ana ki te medulla ki ngā mea e kitea ana i roto i ngā raruraru o ngā wāhanga o te tinana e hono ana ki ngā io e rere ana i roto i te medulla. Heoi , ko te rerekētanga nui ko te mea ka pā te whiu ki te medulla, ka pāngia koe e ētahi tohu i tetahi taha o tō tinana, ko ētahi i tetahi taha. Anei ētahi o ngā tohu e tino kitea ana:

• Ngā tohu o te whiu (hei tauira, te piko o te mata, te kore e taea te kōrero, te ngaro o tetahi peka)
• Te kore e taea te taunga o ngā nekehanga tinana (ngā tohu o te ataxia) - te hikoi pērā i te tangata haurangi, te kore e taea te hopu i ngā mea.
• Ānini
• Te pāorooro o te reo (Dysphonia)
• Te ngaronga o te kare ā-roto o te pāmahana, te mamae rānei i tētahi wāhanga o te tinana, o te mata rānei
• Nystagmus (ngā nekehanga kanohi kore whakahaere)
• Whakapairuaki me te ruaki
• Te pararutiki (i ngā wāhanga rerekē o te mata, o te tinana rānei)
• Te uaua ki te horomi (Dysphagia)
• Ngā raruraru tirohanga

He aha ngā whakamātautau e mahia ana hei tirotiro i te hauora o te medulla?

He maha ngā whakamātautau hei āwhina i te tautuhi i ngā mate e pā ana ki tō roro, tae atu ki te medulla. Ko ētahi o ngā whakamātautau tino noa ko:

• Ngā whakamātautau toto (hei tauira, ko ērā e rapu ana i ngā raruraru pūnaha ārai mate, i ngā mate ira rānei)
• Matawai tomography rorohiko (CT)
• Electroencephalogram (EEG) (te aroturuki i te mahi hiko o te roro)
• Electromyogram (EMG) (e tirotiro ana i ngā mahi a ngā io i roto i ngā uaua)
• Whakaahua aukume (MRI)
• Matawai i te tomografi tukunga Positron (PET)
• Te pokanga tuaiwi / Te pokanga lumbar

He aha ngā maimoatanga mō ngā mate o te medulla?

He motuhake ētahi maimoatanga mō ngā mate o te medulla, nā te mea he tino motuhake ngā mahi a tēnei wāhanga o te roro. Waihoki, nā te wāhi o te medulla, he tino uaua te pokanga, ā, i ētahi wā kāore e taea, nā te nui o te tūponotanga o te kino ki ētahi atu wāhanga o te roro, o te taurakira rānei e tata ana.

He aha taku e taea ai te pupuri i te hauora o taku medulla?

He maha ngā mea ka taea e koe te mahi hei ārai i te kino o tō medulla, hei karo rānei i ngā āhuatanga e pā ana ki a ia:

• Kai i te kai taurite.Mena kei te hapa koe i ētahi huaora, inā koa te huaora B12, ka pā ki tō roro, tae atu ki te medulla, ā, ka puta he raruraru nui.
• Kia kaha tonu te tinana, kia mau tonu hoki te taumaha hauora. Ka pā pea ngā raruraru ki tō pūnaha tohanga toto me tō ngākau ki tō roro. Ko te whiu tētahi tauira. He maha ngā wā ka puta ngā whiu i ngā raruraru o te ngākau. Mā te noho kaha me te pupuri i te taumaha hauora ka āwhina i te whakaiti i tēnei mōrearea.
• Mauria ngā taputapu tiaki ina hiahiatia. Ka taea e ngā whara o te mahunga te whakararu i te roro. Ka taea hoki te puta he whara roro, he whara roro rānei. Mā te mau i ngā taputapu tiaki (pēnei i te potae) i a koe e mahi ana, e tākaro ana rānei, ka āwhina i a koe ki te tiaki i tō roro mai i ēnei momo whara.

Ka whakahaerehia e te medulla te riri me te whanonga pukuriri?

Kāo, kāore tō medulla e whakahaere i ngā kare ā-roto pērā i te riri, te aritarita, me te whanonga pukuriri. E rua atu ngā wāhanga o tō roro e whakawhirinaki ana ki aua kare ā-roto, arā, ko te pūnaha limbic. Ko te mahi anake a te medulla i roto i te pukuriri ko te whakahaere i tō tere o te ngakau, te manawa, me ētahi atu tukanga aunoa.

Hei whakamutunga, ngā mea hei maumahara

Nō reira, kua mārama pea koe ināianei he wāhanga tino nui o tō tātou tinana te Medulla Oblongata, ahakoa tōna iti. He rite tana mahi ki te teihana whakawhiti, e āwhina ana ki te tuku karere io ki ngā wāhanga rerekē o te tinana. Ki te kore, e kore e taea e koe te mahi i tētahi mea ngāwari pēnei i te whakahua i tō ingoa, i tētahi mea uaua pēnei i te hopu me te whiu i te pōro.

Mā te mōhio ki te medulla oblongata ka āwhina i a koe kia mārama ake ki tō ake tinana. Ka āwhina anō hoki i a koe ki te tiaki pai ake i te hauora o tō roro me tō pūnaha io. Kia mau tonu te hauora!

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Medulla oblongata, te take roro, te pūnaha io, te manawa, te manawa o te ngākau, ngā io angaanga, te whiu