Nā, he aha tēnei pūnaha endocrine?
I mua i tā tātou kōrero mō ngā repe adrenal, me mōhio koe ki te pūnaha endocrine . He kohinga repe tēnei i roto i tō tātou tinana. Ka whakaputahia e ēnei repe ngā karere matū e kiia nei ko ngā homoni , ā, ka tukuna tika atu ki roto i te toto. Whakaarohia ngā homoni hei karere iti e kawe ana i ngā karere i roto i ō tātou tinana. Ka haere ēnei karere mā roto i te toto ki te kōrero ki ngā wāhanga rerekē o ō tātou tinana, pērā i ō tātou whekau, kiri, me ngā uaua, he aha te mea hei mahi me te wā hei mahi. Ka whakarite ēnei homoni i ngā mahi rerekē o tō tātou tinana. Ko ngā repe matua o tō tātou pūnaha endocrine ko:- Hypothalamus
- Repe pituitary
- Repe tairoiti
- Ngā repe parathyroid
- Ngā repe adrenal
- Repe pineal
- Pancreas
- Ngā ovaries (uwha)
- Ngā whakamātautau (tāne)
Nā, he aha te mea e pā ana ki ēnei repe adrenal?
Ko ngā repe adrenal he repe iti, he tapatoru te āhua. Kei runga ake i ō tātou whatukuhu. He rite ki ngā taupoki iti i runga i ō tātou whatukuhu. He maha ngā homoni e whakaputaina ana e rātou he mea nui mō ō tātou tinana. Ka whakahaerehia e ēnei homoni ētahi tukanga tino nui i roto i ō tātou tinana. Hei tauira:- Te Pūngao: Koinei te huarahi e hangaia ai e tātou te pūngao mai i te kai e kainga ana e tātou, me te huarahi hoki e whakahaerehia ai e tātou.
- Pūnaha ārai mate : Te pūnaha e tiaki ana i a tātou i ngā mate.
- Te toto toto: Tō mātouTe whakahaere i te toto toto.
- Te urupare ki te ahotea: Te whakarite i te tinana ki te aro atu ki te ahotea ina pā mai, ahakoa hinengaro, ahakoa tinana.
- Te whanaketanga o ngā āhuatanga ā-ira tangata.
Cortisol - te 'hormone ahotea' o tō tātou tinana!
He homoni te cortisol nō tētahi akomanga homoni e kiia nei ko ngā 'glucocorticoids'. He nui te mahi a tēnei homoni.- Ka whakahaere i te whakamahinga o ngā ngako, ngā pūmua, me ngā warowaihā i roto i ō tātou tinana.
- Ka whakaiti i te mumura i roto i te tinana.
- Whakahaere i te toto toto.
- Ka whakanui ake i ngā taumata huka toto.
- Ka āwhina hoki ki te whakahaere i te huringa moe-ara.
Aldosterone - te hoa e whakataurite ana i te toto toto me te tote!
Ko te Aldosterone he homoni nō te rōpū kohuke e kiia nei ko ngā mineralocorticoids. Ko tana mahi matua he whakahaere i te toto toto me ngā taumata o te konutai me te pāhare pāporo (ngā irahiko) i roto i ō tātou toto. Ka āwhina hoki tēnei homoni ki te whakahaere i te pH o ō tātou toto (te waikawa, te kawakore rānei) mā te whakahaere i ngā taumata o ngā irahiko i roto i te toto.DHEA me ngā Steroid Androgenic - He āwhina iti ki ngā āhuatanga ā-ira tangata!
E kiia ana ēnei homoni he homoni tāne ngoikore. Arā, kāore he pānga nui ki te koiora. Ka hurihia hei homoni wahine (estrogens) i roto i ngā ovaries o ngā wāhine, ā, hei homoni tāne (androgens) i roto i ngā testicles o ngā tāne. Ko ngā androgens he homoni tāne, engari he iti noa iho ngā rahinga ka hangaia maoritia e te tinana wahine.Te Adrenaline/Epinephrine me te Noradrenaline/Norepinephrine - ngā homoni 'Whawhai, Rere rānei'!
E mōhiotia ana ēnei homoni e rua ko ngā homoni e uru ana ki te urupare " whawhai, rere rānei ". E kiia ana hoki ēnei he catecholamines. Ka taea e te adrenaline me te noradrenaline te:- Whakanuia te tere o tō ngakau me te kaha o te whakakorikori o tō ngakau.
- Whakanuia te nui o te toto e rere ana ki ō uaua me tō roro.
- Āwhina ki te pākia o te huka.
- Ka āwhina hoki ēnei ki te whakahaere i te whakawhāititanga o ngā oko toto (vasoconstriction), e āwhina ana ki te pupuri i te toto toto.
E rua ngā momo o ēnei homoni, tika?
Āe, ka taea te wehewehe i ngā homoni e hangaia ana e ngā repe adrenal ki ngā rōpū matua e rua: 1. Catecholamines: He rōpū matū rite ēnei e tukuna ana ki roto i te toto e ō tātou tinana hei whakautu ki te ahotea tinana, hinengaro rānei. Ko ngā catecholamines matua ko te dopamine, te adrenaline, me te noradrenaline. Ko te wāhanga o roto o te repe adrenal, te medulla , ka whakaputa me te tuku i te adrenaline me te noradrenaline. 2. Ngā homoni steroid: Ka āwhina ēnei ki te whakahaere i te pākia o te tinana, te mumura, te mahi a te pūnaha ārai mate, te toenga tote me te wai, te whanaketanga o ngā āhuatanga ira tangata, me te kaha ki te ātete i ngā mate me ngā whara. Ko te wāhanga o waho o te repe adrenal, te cortex , ka whakaputa me te tuku i ngā homoni steroid e kiia nei ko ngā 'glucocorticoids', 'mineralocorticoids', me ngā adrenal androgens.Ka mahi takitahi ngā repe adrenal? Kāore ianei rātou e hono ana ki ētahi atu okana?
Kāo, kāore ngā repe adrenal e mahi takitahi. He maha atu anō ngā wāhanga o te tinana e mahi tahi ana me rātou. Ko ngā mea matua ko:- Hypothalamus: He wāhanga iti tēnei o te roro e whai wāhi ana ki te whakahaere i ngā homoni.
- Repe pituitary: He repe iti anō hoki tēnei kei te pūtake o te roro, e kiia ana ko te "repe matua".
- Ngā whatukuhu.
- Pūnaha io aroha.
Whakaarohia, he rite tēnei ki ngā tari rerekē o tētahi kamupene nui e mahi tahi ana. Ka mahi ngā tari kē atu i runga i te karere e puta mai ana i tētahi tari. Ka tino taunga te mahi o ngā mea katoa.
Ka taea e te tangata te ora me te kore he repe adrenal?
Ka whakaputahia e ngā repe adrenal ngā homoni e tika ana mō tō tātou oranga. Ko ngā homoni ira tangata me te cortisol ngā mea tino nui o ēnei. Heoi, he tino onge, ka hiahiatia he pokanga (he adrenalectomy) mō ētahi mate repe adrenal hei tango i ngā repe adrenal e rua. Mēnā koinei te āhua, me tango rongoā te tangata hei whakakapi i ngā homoni i hangaia e ngā repe adrenal mō te toenga o ō rātou oranga.Kei hea ngā repe adrenal? He aha ngā wāhanga o aua repe?
E ai ki tā mātou i kōrero ai i mua ake nei, e rua ō repe adrenal. Kei runga i ō whatukuhu ēnei. Kei raro i tō rara ngā whatukuhu, i ia taha o tō tuaiwi. Ina whakaarohia he repe adrenal, e rua ōna wāhanga matua:Medulla - te wāhanga o roto
Koinei te wāhanga o te repe adrenal kei roto rawa i te tinana. Koinei te wāhi e tukuna ai ngā homoni adrenaline (epinephrine) me te noradrenaline (norepinephrine) . Ka whakahaere ēnei homoni i ngā mea pēnei i tō toto toto, tō tere o te manawa, me te werawera. He tukanga ēnei e whakahaeretia ana hoki e te pūnaha io sympathetic.Cortex - te wāhanga o waho
Koinei te wāhanga o waho o te repe adrenal. Ka tukuna ngā homoni 'corticosteroid' me te 'mineralocorticoid'. Ka whakaoho hoki i te whakaputanga o ngā homoni steroid tāne iti ('androgenic steroids') mai i tēnei cortex. Ko te repe adrenal he hawhe inihi te teitei, ā, e toru inihi te roa. He porowhita, he tapatoru rānei te āhua.He aha ngā mate me ngā āhuatanga noa e pā ana ki ngā repe adrenal?
He maha ngā āhuatanga rerekē e pā ana ki ngā repe adrenal. Ko ēnei āhuatanga e puta mai ana i te nui rawa , i te iti rawa rānei o te kotahi, neke atu rānei o ngā homoni e whakaputaina ana e ō repe adrenal. Ko ētahi raruraru repe adrenal he wā poto noa iho, engari ko ētahi he mau tonu (arā, ka roa te wā e ora ai).He aha ngā take mō tēnei?
He maha ngā take ka pā mai ai ngā mate o te repe adrenal. Ko ētahi o ēnei:- Ngā whakarerekētanga ira ( ngā panonitanga o ngā ira)
- Ngā mate pūnaha ārai mate (arā, ka whakaekea e te pūnaha ārai mate o te tinana ōna ake wāhanga)
- Ngā pukupuku, pērā i te pheochromocytomas.
- Te kino o ngā repe adrenal nā te aituā, te mate urutā, te toto rānei.
- He raruraru kei tō hypothalamus, kei tō pituitary rānei (e āwhina ana ēnei e rua ki te whakahaere i ngā repe adrenal).
- Ko ētahi rongoā steroids, pērā i te prednisone me te dexamethasone.
Nā, he aha ēnei mate?
Anei ētahi āhuatanga ka pā ki ngā repe adrenal:- Te mate a Addison (e mōhiotia ana ko te ngoikore o te adrenal tuatahi):He mate pūnaha ārai mate onge tēnei e hua ai ngā taumata cortisol me te aldosterone i raro i te taumata noa e whakaputaina ana e ngā repe adrenal.
- Te mate a Cushing: Ka puta tēnei āhuatanga ina nui rawa te cortisol e whakaputaina ana e ngā repe adrenal. I te nuinga o te wā ka puta mai tēnei i tētahi pukupuku, i ētahi rongoā rānei.
- Te hyperplasia adrenal whānau: He āhuatanga tēnei e kitea ana i te whānautanga. Ka puta ina kore he whākōkī i roto i te tinana e hiahiatia ana e ngā repe adrenal hei hanga homoni.
- Te Hirsutism: Ko te āhua o tēnei mate ko te tupu nui o te huruhuru i te tinana o ngā wāhine. Nā te pikinga ake o ngā taumata o ngā androgens e hangaia ana e ngā repe adrenal.
- Te aldosteronism tuatahi (te mate a Conn): Ka puta tēnei āhuatanga ina nui rawa te aldosterone e whakaputaina ana e ngā repe adrenal.
- Te toto nui o te repe adrenal i ngā taha e rua (te mate Waterhouse-Friderichsen): He āhuatanga ohorere tēnei e ngoikore ai ngā repe adrenal nā te toto ki roto i te repe. He maha ngā wā e hono ana ki tētahi mate kino e kiia nei ko te sepsis.
He aha ngā tohu wawe o ngā raruraru o te repe adrenal?
He rerekē ngā tohu o ngā raruraru o te repe adrenal i runga i ngā homoni e pāngia ana . Waihoki, he rite tonu ngā tohu o ngā mate repe adrenal ki ngā tohu o ētahi atu mate. Ko ētahi o ngā tohu e pā ana ki ngā tukanga tinana e whakahaerehia ana e ngā homoni adrenal ko:- Ngā tohu o te pākia o te tinana: Te piki, te heke rānei o te taumaha kāore i te mārama, te ngenge, te piki, te heke rānei o te huka toto i ngā wā katoa, te ngoikore.
- Ngā tohu e pā ana ki te pūnaha ārai mate: Te mate pinepine, te pangia rānei .
- Ngā tohu e pā ana ki te toto toto tiketike: te toto toto tiketike (hypertension) te toto toto iti rānei (hypotension) .
- Ngā tohu e pā ana ki ngā āhuatanga ā-ira tangata (e pā ana ki ngā kōtiro me ngā tama tāne kāore anō kia pakeke): te tupu o ngā huruhuru kanohi me/ranei te pakira, te hakihaki, te hōhonutanga o te reo, te whanaketanga o ngā uaua.
Me pēhea taku tirotiro i te hauora o aku repe adrenal?
Mena kei a koe ngā tohu e tohu ana he raruraru pea tō repe adrenal, ka whakahaerehia pea e tō tākuta ētahi whakamātautau toto me te mimi hei ine i ngā taumata o ngā homoni adrenal. Mena ka whakaatuhia e aua hua whakamātautau he taumata rerekē, ka whakahaerehia pea e tō tākuta ngā whakamātautau whakaahua , pērā i te CT scans (computered tomography scans) MRIs rānei (magnetic resonance imaging). Ka tukuna pea koe e tō tākuta whānui ki te endocrinologist.Tērā pea ka tukuna koe ki tētahi tohunga, he tākuta e tohunga ana ki ngā mate o ngā homoni me te pūnaha endocrine.Āhea ahau me toro atu ki te tākuta mō aku repe adrenal? (Hei whakamutunga, engari ehara i te mea iti rawa!)
Āe, kua kōrerohia e tātou tēnei mea, kua mārama koe ki te hiranga o ngā repe adrenal i roto i ō tātou tinana. Nō reira, ki te pāngia koe e ētahi o ngā tohu kua whakahuatia ake nei , pērā i te toto toto tiketike, te toto toto iti, te hekenga, te pikinga rānei o te taumaha kāore i te whakamāramatia, me toro atu koe ki tō tākuta . Ahakoa he take kē atu pea mō ēnei tohu, tera pea he raruraru kei ō repe adrenal.Kia maumahara, he maha ngā homoni nui e whakaputaina ana e ō repe adrenal e tika ana mō ngā mahi o ia rā o tō tinana. Mena kei a koe ngā tohu o te ngoikore o te repe adrenal, ki te hiahia rānei koe ki te mōhio mena he take mōrearea tōu mō te mate repe adrenal, kaua e mangere ki te kōrero ki tō tākuta. Kei konei rātou hei āwhina i a koe.Nā, kua mōhio kē koe ki ēnei repe adrenal iti engari kaha, tika? Kia ora tonu!
Ngā repe adrenal, ngā homoni, te cortisol, te adrenaline, te pūnaha endocrine, te ahotea, ngā whatukuhu
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