Kei te whakaaro koe i ētahi wā kei te hē tetahi mea i roto i tō tinana, me te mea kei te hē ō homoni? Tērā pea nā tētahi repe iti i roto i tō roro. Ina kaha rawa te mahi a tēnei repe, ka pā ki ngā mahi nui o tō tinana, pērā i te tipu, te pākia o te tinana, me te whakaputa uri. I tēnei rā ka kōrero tātou mō te repe pituitary kaha rawa, te hyperpituitarism rānei.
He aha te Repe Pituitary?
Ki te kī ngāwari, he rite te repe pituitary ki tētahi pokapū whakahaere matua e whakahaere ana i te mahi a tō tātou tinana. He repe rite ki te pīni te rahi kei te pūtake o tō tātou roro. Koia te upoko o tō tātou pūnaha endocrine. Koia i ētahi wā ka kiia ko te "repe matua". Māna e whakahaere te mahi a ētahi atu repe nui pērā i te repe tairoi, te repe adrenal, me ngā repe gonadal.
Whakaarohia te thermostat i roto i tō tātou whare. Ka tirotirohia tonutia e ia te pāmahana i roto i te whare, ka tukuna ngā tohu ki te whakamahana me te pouaka whakamatao kia mau tonu te taumata, tika? Ka mahi anō hoki te repe pituitary i te ara kotahi. Ka aroturukitia tonutia e ia te mahi a tō tātou tinana, ka tukuna ngā tohu ki ngā okana me ngā repe mō ngā mahi hei mahi, te wā, me te nui. Ko ēnei tohu e kīia nei e tātou he homoni .
E hono ana te repe pituitary ki tētahi wāhanga o tō tātou roro e kiia nei ko te hypothalamus. Mā te roro e kī atu ki te repe pituitary mēnā ka nui ake, ka iti iho rānei te whakaputanga o tētahi homoni.
He aha ngā homoni matua e whakaputaina ana e te repe pituitary?
E toru ngā wāhanga matua o te repe pituitary. He rerekē ngā homoni e whakaputaina ana e ia wāhanga. Me titiro tātou ki ēnei mea, me ngā mea e pā ana ki a rātou.
| Wāhanga o te repe | Homoni | Mahi matua |
|---|---|---|
| Lobe o mua (Tata ki te 80% o te repe) | Te homoni Adrenocorticotropic (ACTH) | Ka whakaoho i ngā repe adrenal, inā koa te whakaputanga o te homoni ahotea cortisol, e whakahaere ana i te toto totoka me te ārai mate. |
| Te Homoni Tipu (GH) | Ka whakahaere i te tipu o te tinana (ina koa i roto i ngā tamariki), te pākia o te tinana, me te hanganga o te tinana (ngako, uaua). | |
| Te Hormone Whakaoho i te Tairoiro (TSH) | Ka whakaoho i te repe tairoi, ā, ka āwhina i te whakaputa i ngā homoni tairoi, e whakahaere ana i ngā taumata pūngao o te tinana. | |
| Ngā Gonadotropin (LH me FSH) | Ka whakaohokia ngā ovaries me ngā rae ki te whakaputa i ngā homoni ira tangata e tika ana mō te whakaputa uri. | |
| Prolactin | Ka whakaoho i te whakaputanga o te waiū ū i muri i te whānautanga. | |
| Lobe Waenga | Te homoni whakaohooho-melanocyte | Ka pā ki te tae kiri. |
| Te Pūwero o Muri | Hormone ārai-tiuretika (ADH) | Ka whakahaere i te taurite wai me te electrolyte o te tinana. |
| Oxytocin | Ka whakahaere i ngā whakahekenga o te kōpū me te tukunga o te waiū ū i te wā e whānau ana. |
He aha ngā mate ka puta ina nui rawa te mahi a te repe pituitary?
Ina kaha rawa te mahi a te repe pituitary, arā, ina nui rawa te homoni e whakaputaina ana e ia, ka puta he maha ngā āhuatanga hauora. Ko te tino take o tēnei he pukupuku kore-matepukupuku (pai) e tupu ana i roto i te repe. Ka kiia tēnei he pituitary adenoma .
Anei ētahi o ngā mate matua ka puta mai i tēnei:
- Te mate a Cushing: Ki te nui rawa te ACTH e tukuna ana e te repe pituitary, ka nui rawa te cortisol e whakaputaina ana e ngā repe adrenal, ka taea e tēnei te whakararuraru i te pākia o te tinana me te pūnaha ārai mate.
- Acromegaly: He āhuatanga ka puta ina nui rawa ngā taumata o te homoni tipu (GH) o te tinana. Ka puta te tipu rerekē o ngā wheua me ngā kiko.
- Te Hiperutirotiro: Ki te nui rawa te TSH e whakaputaina ana e te puku pituitary (he mea onge tēnei), ka nui rawa te mahi a te repe tairoiti. Ka taea e tēnei te whakaputa i ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te pikinga o te pākia o te tinana, te tere o te ngakau, me te manukanuka.
- Prolactinoma: He pukupuku i roto i te repe pituitary e whakaputa nui ana i te homoni prolactin. Ka pā pea tēnei ki te tukanga whakaputa uri i roto i ngā wāhine me ngā tāne.
Nā te mea he kino rawa atu ēnei āhuatanga, he mea tino nui kia toro atu koe ki tō tākuta tonu mēnā ka pāngia koe e tētahi o ēnei tohu.
He aha ngā tohu o ēnei āhuatanga?
He rerekē ngā tohu e pā ana ki ia mate. Me titiro tātou ki ēnei. Tirohia mēnā kei a koe anō ēnei tohu.
| Āhua | Ngā Tohu pea |
|---|---|
| Te mate a Cushing |
|
| Acromegaly |
*Ina pā tēnei ki ngā tamariki, ka kiia ko te 'gigantism'. Ka taea e rātou te tipu teitei rawa atu. |
| Te mate taiaki toto nui |
|
| Prolactinoma | Mō ngā wāhine:
Mō ngā tāne:
*Mō ngā taha e rua: Tērā pea ka pā mai ngā ānini me ngā raruraru tirohanga (nā te whakanui me te pēhi o te pukupuku ki te io whatu). |
Te hyperpituitarism i roto i ngā tamariki
He tino onge tēnei āhuatanga i roto i ngā tamariki. Mēnā ka puta, he pukupuku iti, ehara i te matepukupuku e kiia nei ko te pituitary microadenoma te take. Ko te āhuatanga tino kitea i roto i ngā tamariki ko te prolactinoma.
- Mō ngā kōtiro: Tērā pea ka roa te pakeketanga me te mutunga o te paheketanga (amenorrhea).
- Mō ngā tama tāne: I te tipu haere o te pukupuku, me te pēhi i ngā io, ka pā mai he ānini, he raruraru tirohanga, me ētahi atu raruraru. Ka pā mai hoki he whakaroa i te pakeketanga, he raruraru tipu rānei.
He aha ngā take mō tēnei?
He maha ngā wā ka puta te hyperpituitarism i te pukupuku i roto i te repe pituitary. Kāore i te tino mōhiotia te take i puta ai ēnei pukupuku.
- Ngā pukupuku pai: Koinei te tino take. I runga i te momo pūtau i hangaia ai te pukupuku, ka tīmata te whakaputa i te nui rawa o te kotahi, e rua rānei o ngā homoni.
- Ngā āhuatanga tuku iho: I ētahi wā, ka puta ēnei pukupuku i ngā āhuatanga tuku iho pērā i te Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia momo 1 (MEN1) .
- Matepukupuku: He tino onge, ka puta tēnei i te pukupuku matepukupuku, i te mate rānei o te hypothalamus.
Me pēhea te mohio ki tēnei āhuatanga?
Ina haere koe ki te kite i tētahi tākuta me ēnei tohu, ka tangohia e ia he hītori taipitopito, ā, ka whakarongo ki ō tohu. Whai muri i tēnā, ka tonoa pea e rātou ētahi whakamātautau hei whakaū i te mate.
- Ngā whakamātautau toto me te mimi: Ka ine ēnei whakamātautau i ngā taumata o ngā homoni i roto i tō toto, i tō mimi rānei. Hei tauira, ka tirohia ngā taumata o te prolactin, te cortisol, me te homoni tipu.
- Ngā Matawai Whakaahua: Mena ka kitea he pukupuku i roto i ngā whakamātautau taiwhanga, ka taea te tirotiro hei whakaū. Mā tēnei ka kitea te wāhi tika o te pukupuku me tōna rahi.
- Matawai MRI (Whakaahua Āhua Aukume): Koinei te tikanga e whakamahia whānuitia ana.
- Matawai CT (Tomography Rorohiko): Mena he taputapu whakatere manawa tōu, ka taea te mahi i te matawai CT nā te mea kāore e taea te mahi i te MRI.
Me pēhea te rongoā?
I runga i tō āhua, ka taea te whakamahi ngātahi i tētahi, i ētahi rānei tikanga maimoatanga.
Rongoā
I ētahi wā, ka hoatu he rongoā hei whakahaere i ngā taumata homoni. Hei tauira, mō te prolactinoma, ka hoatu he rongoā hei whakaiti i ngā taumata prolactin me te whakaiti i te pukupuku. Ka whakamahia hoki ngā rongoā i ētahi wā hei whakaiti i ngā pukupuku nui i mua i te pokanga.
Pokanga
I roto i ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te acromegaly, te Cushing's syndrome rānei, ka tangohia te pukupuku mā te pokanga. Ko te pokanga tino noa ko te transsphenoidal adenomectomy . I roto i tēnei, ka tapahia e te taote pokanga he iti mā te ihu, mā te ngutu o runga rānei, ka tae ki te repe pituitary, ka tangohia te pukupuku. Ahakoa he pokanga tino ātaahua tēnei, neke atu i te 80% te angitu ina mahia e te taote pokanga mātau.
Te rongoā irahiko
Mō te hunga kāore e taea te pokanga, mēnā rānei kei te toe tonu ētahi wāhanga o te pukupuku i muri i te pokanga, ka whakamahia te rongoā irahiko. Ko te tikanga o tēnei ko te arotahi ki tētahi hihi o te irahiko kaha-nui ki te pukupuku, kātahi ka whakangaro i ngā pūtau.
Kei te pēhea te tirohanga?
He pai te tirohanga mō tēnei mate ki te tini tāngata. Ahakoa kāore e taea te rongoā, mā te maimoatanga me te whakahaere tika, ka taea e te tini tāngata te whakahaere i ō rātou tohumate me te noho ora, harikoa, me te whai hua. I ētahi wā, me tango rongoā koe, me noho rānei i raro i te tirotiro hauora mō te wā roa. Ko te mea nui ko te noho tonu ki te whakapā atu ki tō tākuta me te whakamōhio atu ki a ia mō ngā huringa katoa o ō tohumate.
Karere Tangohia ki te Kāinga
- He rite te repe pituitary ki te "rangatira whakahaere" o tō tātou tinana. Ko ngā homoni e tukuna ana e ia te kaiwhakahaere i ngā mahi nui o roto i tō tātou tinana.
- Ki te nui rawa te mahi a tēnei repe, ka pā mai pea ngā mate maha pērā i te hyperpituitarism, te Cushing's syndrome, me te acromegaly.
- Ki te kite koe i ngā huringa ohorere, rerekē rānei o ngā mea pēnei i te taumaha o te tinana, te āhua o te kanohi, te kakano o te kiri, te huringa paheketanga rānei, kia aro atu koe ki tēnā.
- Ki te pā mai ēnei tohu ki a koe, kaua e mataku. Me toro atu ki te tākuta i mua i te wā, ā, me rapu tohutohu koe.
- Mā te tātaritanga tika me te maimoatanga tika, ka taea te whakahaere pai i te nuinga o ēnei āhuatanga, ā, ka taea e te tangata te noho i te oranga noa.
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