E mōhio ana koe ki taua pūrerehua iti i runga i tō kaki? Me kōrero tātou mō te repe tairoi!

Kua whakaaro kē koe mō te okana iti, āhua pūrerehua kei raro i te kiri i mua o tō kaki? Ko te repe tairoi tēnā. He wāhanga whakamiharo, engari he mea nui o tō tātou tinana. He māmā noa iho, ko tēnei mea iti te kaiwhakahaere o ngā mahi tino nui o tō tātou tinana.

He aha te repe tairoiti? Ā, he aha te pūnaha endocrine?

Āe, me mārama tātou ki te tikanga o tēnei repe tairoiti. Kua kōrero kē ahau i mua, he repe iti te āhua o te pūrerehua . Hei whakamārama, kei mua o tō kaki, i raro noa i tō puku manawa tēnei. He wāhanga tēnei o tō tātou pūnaha endocrine . Inaianei kei te pātai koe, "He aha te pūnaha endocrine, e te tākuta?" Whakaarohia, he maha ngā wheketere iti kei roto i ō tātou tinana. Ka hangaia e ēnei wheketere he matū motuhake e kiia nei ko ngā homoni . Ko te whatunga o aua wheketere ko tā tātou e kī nei ko te pūnaha endocrine. Ka haere tika ngā homoni i hangaia e ēnei repe ki roto i te toto, ka haere puta noa i te tinana, ka kawe karere ki ngā momo whekau, kiri, me ngā uaua. He rite rātou ki ngā karere i roto i ō tātou tinana. Ka kī atu rātou ki ō tātou tinana he aha te mea hei mahi me te wā hei mahi. Anei ētahi atu repe he wāhanga o tō tātou pūnaha endocrine:

• Hypothalamus
• Repe pituitary
• Ngā repe parathyroid
• Ngā repe adrenal
• Repe pineal
• Pancreas
• Ngā ovaries (i roto i ngā wāhine)
• Ngā whakamātautau (tāne)

Ko te mahi matua a te repe tairoiti he whakahaere i te tere o te pākia o te tinana. Ko te tikanga o te "pākia o te tinana" ko te tukanga e hurihia ai te kai e kainga ana e tātou hei pūngao. Me whai pūngao ia pūtau o te tinana kia mahi ai. Ko te tairoiti te kaiwhakahaere i te tere o te whakaputa me te whakamahinga o taua pūngao.

Whakaarohia, ki te kore tō tairoi e mahi tika ana, ka pā pea ki tō tinana katoa. Nō reira, he mea nui kia mōhio koe ki tēnei.

He aha te mea e pā ana ki taku tairoi?

Hei repe endocrine, ka whakaputa, ka huna hoki te tairoiti i ētahi homoni. Ko ēnei:

• Tairokina (T4):Koinei te homoni matua e hangaia ana e te tairoi. Heoi, kāore e pā tika ki te pākia o te tinana. I muri i te urunga o te T4 ki te toto, ka hurihia hei T3 mā te tukanga e kiia nei ko te 'deiodination'.
• Triiodothyronine (T3): He iti ake te T3 e whakaputaina ana e te tairoi i te T4. Heoi, ko te homoni T3 te mea nui rawa atu te pānga ki te pākia o te tinana .
• Triiodothyronine whakamuri (RT3): He iti noa te rahinga e puta ai tēnei. Ka whakahurihia e te RT3 te mahi a te T3.
• Calcitonin: Ka āwhina tēnei homoni ki te whakahaere i te nui o te konupūmā i roto i ō tātou toto.

Hei hanga i ēnei homoni tairoiti, me whai huānga te repe tairoiti e kiia nei ko te iodine . Ka whiwhi tātou i te iodine mai i te kai (ina koa ko te tote iodized) me te wai. Ka tangohia e te repe tairoiti tēnei iodine ka hurihia hei homoni tairoiti. Whakaarohia, ki te nui rawa, ki te iti rawa rānei te iodine o tō tinana, ka pā ki te nui o ngā homoni tairoiti e whakaputaina ana e ia. Ka pāngia ngā mea pēnei i ngā homoni tairoiti e ngā homoni penei:

• Te whakamahinga o te pūngao e ō tātou tinana ( te pākia o te tinana )
• Te tere o te manawa
• Te manawa
• Te nakunaku
• Te pāmahana tinana
• Te whanaketanga o te roro
• Ngā mahi hinengaro
• Te tiaki kiri me te wheua
• Te momonatanga

He aha atu ngā whekau me ngā repe e hono ana ki te repe tairoiti?

He whatunga tino uaua tā tātou pūnaha endocrine. He maha ngā repe me ngā homoni e mahi ana i runga i ngā tohu mai i ētahi atu repe me ngā homoni. Waihoki, ka taea e ētahi homoni te pehi i ētahi atu homoni. He pūnaha tino uaua anō hoki hei whakahaere i te taumata o ngā homoni tairoi i roto i tō tātou tinana. Tuatahi, ka tukuna e te hypothalamus, he wāhanga o tō tātou roro, he homoni e kiia nei ko te homoni tuku-tairoi (TRH). Ka haere tēnei TRH ki te whakaoho i tētahi wāhanga o tō tātou repe pituitary , e tuku ana i te homoni whakaoho-tairoi (TSH). Kātahi ka whakaoho tēnei TSH i ngā pūtau follicular i roto i te repe tairoi kia whakaputa i ngā homoni T4 me te T3. Heoi, kia mahi ai tēnei, me nui te iodine i roto i te tinana. Ka pā te repe tairoi me ōna homoni ki te nuinga o ngā pūnaha o tō tātou tinana. Hei hoatu i ētahi tauira:

• Pūnaha manawa: Ka āwhina te tairoi ki te whakahaere i ngā mea pēnei i te nui o te toto e pupuhihia ana e tō tātou ngākau (putanga manawa), te tere o te manawa, me te kaha o te kōpiri o te ngākau.
• Pūnaha io:Ina kore e mahi tika te tairoi, ka puta pea ngā tohu e pā ana ki te pūnaha io. Hei tauira, te ngoikore , te ngau , te mamae, me te wera i ētahi wāhi. Waihoki, ki te ngoikore te mahi a te tairoi (hypothyroidism), ka puta pea te pouri , ā, ki te nui haere (hyperthyroidism), ka puta pea te manukanuka .
• Pūnaha nakunaku: Kei roto hoki i te tairoi te nekehanga o te kai e kainga ana e tātou i roto i te ara nakunaku (te nekenekehanga o te puku).
• Pūnaha whakaputa uri: Mena he raruraru kei te tairoi, ka rerekē pea te huringa paheketanga o ngā wāhine, ā, ka puta pea ngā raruraru momona.

Ka taea e te tangata te ora me te kore he repe tairoi?

Āe, ka taea e koe. Heoi, me tango e koe he rongoā whakakapinga homoni mō te toenga o tō oranga kia noho ora ai koe, kia karohia ai hoki ngā pānga taha. Ko te pokanga hei tango i te repe tairoiti, e kiia nei ko te thyroidectomy , he pokanga noa mō ētahi mate tairoiti.

Kei hea te repe tairoiti? He aha ōna wāhanga? He aha tōna rahi?

E ai ki taku kōrero i mua, kei mua o tō kaki te repe tairoiti, i runga ake i tō puku manawa (trachea) . He rite tōna āhua ki te pūrerehua – he iti kei waenganui, ā, e rua ngā parirau nui e horapa ana i ia taha. Kāore e kitea te repe tairoiti hauora (kāore e rite ki te puku i roto i tō kaki), ā, kāore e taea te rongo mēnā ka pā atu koe ki tō maihao i mua o tō kaki. E rua ngā wāhanga matua o te repe tairoiti: ko ngā lobes e rua (lobes) me te wāhanga waenga e hono ana i ēnei lobes e rua (thyroid isthmus) . He mea hanga tēnei mai i ngā pūtau follicle tairoiti (thyrocytes), e hanga ana, e penapena ana hoki i ngā homoni tairoiti (te nuinga ko te T3 me te T4), me ngā pūtau-C , e hanga ana i te homoni calcitonin. Tata ki te 2 inihi te roa o te repe tairoiti. Kāore e kitea te repe tairoiti hauora, ā, e puta mai ana i te kaki. Heoi, ka taea e ētahi āhuatanga hauora te whakanui ake i te tairoiti. Ka kiia tēnei he goiter . Ka kiia hoki e ētahi he "goiter." Mena he mate pukupuku tōu, ka pāngia pea koe e ēnei tohu:

• He pupuhi i te taha mua o te kaki, i raro iho i te ihu kaki.
• Te māuiui o te korokoro.
• Ka rerekē te reo, hei tauira, te pāorooro.

He aha ngā mate me ngā āhuatanga e pā ana ki te repe tairoi?

He maha ngā momo mate tairoi. He tino noa ēnei. E kiia ana tata ki te 20 miriona tāngata i te Hononga o Amerika anake e pāngia ana e tētahi momo mate tairoi. E rima ki te waru ngā wā ka nui ake te tūponotanga o ngā wāhine ki te pāngia e te mate tairoi i ngā tāne. E rua ngā momo o te mate tairoi: tuatahi me tuarua .

• I te mate tairoi tuatahi, ka tīmata te mate i roto i te repe tairoi tonu.
• I roto i te mate tairoiti tuarua , ka tīmata te mate i roto i te repe pituitary. Hei tauira, ki te puta he pona ki tō tairoiti, ā, ka nui rawa te homoni tairoiti, ko te hyperthyroidism tuatahi tēnā. Heoi, ki te puta he pukupuku ki tō repe pituitary, ā, ka nui rawa te TSH e puta ana, e whakaoho ana i te tairoiti kia nui rawa te homoni, ko te hyperthyroidism tuarua tēnā.

E whā ngā āhuatanga matua e pā ana ki te repe tairoi:

• Hypothyroidism (te repe tairoiti ngoikore)
• Hyperthyroidism ( he nui rawa te mahi a te repe tairoi)
• Te repe tairoiti ( te repe tairoiti kua nui haere/te repe tairoiti)
• Matepukupuku tairoi

Hypothyroidism - ina kore e mahi pai te repe thyroid

Ka puta tēnei ina kore e nui ngā homoni tairoi e hangaia e tō repe tairoi . Ka whakaroa tēnei i ētahi o ō mahi pākia. He mate noa anō hoki tēnei. He maimoatanga kei reira mōna. He maha ngā take o te hypothyroidism:

• Te mate a Hashimoto: He mate 'autoimmune' tēnei. Ko te tikanga ka whakaekea e tō tātou ake pūnaha ārai mate te tairoi.
• Te mate tairoiti: Te mumura o te repe tairoiti.
• Te korenga o te iodine.
• Te ngoikore o te mahi tairoi whānau.
• Te whakamahi nui rawa i ngā rongoā mō te hyperthyroidism.
• Te tango pokanga o te repe tairoiti.

Hyperthyroidism - ina nui rawa te mahi a te repe thyroid

Ka puta tēnei ina nui rawa te homoni tairoi e hangaia ana, e tukuna ana hoki e tō repe tairoi. Ka tere ake te mahi a tō pūnaha pākia. He maimoatanga anō hoki mō tēnei. He maha ngā take o te hyperthyroidism:

• Te mate a Graves: He mate pūnaha ārai mate anō hoki tēnei.
• Ngā pona tairoi.
• Te mate tairoidi.
• Te mate tairoiti i muri i te whānautanga: Te mumura o te repe tairoiti e puta ana i muri i te whānautanga.
• Te nui rawa o te iodine i roto i te toto, mai i te kai, i te rongoā rānei.
• Te whakamahi nui rawa i ngā rongoā mō te hypothyroidism.
• He pukupuku kore-matepukupuku (pai) o te repe pituitary.

Te mate puku - te whakanui ake i te tairoi

Ko te goiter he whakanui i te repe tairoiti. He mea noa anō hoki tēnei. He rerekē ngā take i runga i te momo goiter:

• Ngā mate puku māmā: Ka puta ēnei ina kore e nui ngā homoni e whakaputaina e te repe tairoi mā te tinana. Kātahi ka ngana te tairoi ki te whakanui hei whakakapi i te ngoikore.
• Ngā mate puku noa: Ka puta ēnei i roto i te hunga kāore e whiwhi i te nui o te iodine mai i ā rātou kai. I Sri Lanka, kua onge tēnei mate nā te mea ka tāpirihia e tātou te iodine ki te tote e kainga ana e tātou.
• Ngā mate puku tūpono: I te nuinga o te wā, kāore he tino take mō ēnei. I ētahi wā, ka taea hoki e ētahi rongoā te take, pērā i te lithium.

Matepukupuku tairoi

He mate pukupuku tēnei e tīmata ana i roto i te kiko tairoiti. He tino angitu te maimoatanga mō te nuinga o ngā mate pukupuku tairoiti. Kaua e manukanuka, ka taea te whakaora i te nuinga o ngā wā. Ka whakarōpūtia te mate pukupuku tairoiti i runga i te momo pūtau e puta mai ai te mate pukupuku:

• Papillary: Tata ki te 80% o ngā matepukupuku tairoi he momo pēnei.
• Follicular: Tata ki te 15% o ēnei momo.
• Medullary: Tata ki te 2%. Tērā pea nā te whakarerekētanga ira anō hoki tēnei.
• Anaplastic: Tata ki te 2%. He ahua kino ake tēnei, engari ehara i te mea noa.

He aha ngā tohu whakatūpato wawe o ngā raruraru tairoi?

He rerekē ngā tohu o ngā mate tairoi rerekē. Heoi, nā te mea he mahi nui tā te tairoi i roto i ngā mahi maha o te tinana, pērā i te tere o te manawa, te pākia o te tinana, me te whakahaere i te pāmahana, me mōhio koe ki ēnei tohu:

• Te hekenga, te pikinga rānei o te tere o te ngakau.
• Te hiroki, te momona rānei, kāore he take.
• He uaua ki te manawanui ki te makariri, ki te wera rānei.
• Te pouri, te manukanuka rānei.
• Ngā huringa paheketanga koretake i roto i ngā wāhine.

Mena kei a koe tētahi, ētahi rānei o ēnei tohu, he mea pai kia kite i te tākuta, kia whakamātauria hoki te toto hei tirotiro i te mahi a tō tairoi.

He aha ngā whakamātautau e mahia ana hei tirotiro i te hauora o te tairoi?

Ko te whakamātautau tuatahi, me te mea nui rawa atu hei tirotiro i te hauora o tō tairoi, he whakamātautau toto hei tirotiro i tō taumata TSH (Hōmona Whakaoho Tairoi). Mā tēnei ka taea e koe te whakaaro mō te hypothyroidism me te hyperthyroidism. Ko te awhe noa mō te whakamātautau toto TSH kei waenga i te 0.5 me te 5.0 mIU/L (ngā waeine miri-ao ia rita). Heoi, ka rerekē pea tēnei i ia taiwhanga, i runga i ngā āhuatanga pēnei i tō tau me tō āhua haputanga. Nō reira, whakaritea ki ngā uara kei roto i tō pūrongo. Ka tirohia pea e tō tākuta ō taumata T4 me te T3 (hōmona tairoi) i roto i ō toto. Mena he rerekē ngā hua o tō whakamātautau, ka tono pea tō tākuta i tētahi matawai tairoi.Tērā pea ka tonoa koe kia mahi i tētahi matawai CT (e whakamahi ana i tētahi matū iti, haumaru hoki hei tango pikitia o te tairoi) i tētahi matawai ultrasound rānei mō te tairoi .

Me pēhea te rongoā i ngā mate tairoi?

He maha ngā maimoatanga mō te mate tairoi. Kei runga i te āhua o te mate me tōna kaha. E toru ngā kōwhiringa maimoatanga matua:

• Rongoā
• Pokanga
• Te rongoā irahiko me te rongoā matū

Rongoā

Ngā rongoā mō ngā mate o te tairoi:

• Ngā rongoā ārai-tiroiora: Ka aukati ēnei rongoā i te hanga homoni o te tairoiora. Ka hoatu ēnei mō te hyperthyroidism.
• Ngā ārai-beta: Ka whakahaere ēnei rongoā i ngā tohu o te hyperthyroidism (pērā i te tere o te ngakau), engari kāore e whakaora i te mate tairoi.
• Iodine radioactive: Ka pakaru ngā pūtau tairoi i tēnei rongoā, ā, ka mutu, ka whakangaromia te repe tairoi. He rongoā tēnei mō te hyperthyroidism me te matepukupuku tairoi.
• Ngā rongoā homoni tairoiti: He homoni tairoiti hangai ēnei. Ka hoatu hei rongoā mō te hypothyroidism. Ko te hunga kua tangohia te tairoiti, kua kore rānei e mahi te tairoiti nā te iodine radioactive, me tango ēnei rongoā mō te toenga o ō rātou oranga.

Pokanga

Ko te pokanga matua mō te mate tairoiti ko te tango i te repe tairoiti . Ko tēnei ko te tango i te repe tairoiti katoa mā te pokanga. Ko te tango i te repe tairoiti he kōwhiringa maimoatanga mō te mate tairoiti, ā, koinei te maimoatanga tuatahi mō te mate pukupuku tairoiti. Ko tētahi atu kōwhiringa pokanga ko te tango i te repe tairoiti , e tango ana i tētahi wāhanga anake o te tairoiti.

Te rongoā irahiko me te rongoā matū

He kōwhiringa maimoatanga ēnei mō te matepukupuku tairoi. Ka patua e ēnei maimoatanga e rua ngā pūtau matepukupuku, ā, ka aukati i tō rātou tipu. Heoi, ko te nuinga o ngā matepukupuku tairoi kāore e hiahiatia he rongoā irahiko, he rongoā chemotherapy rānei.

He aha ngā āhuatanga mōrearea mō te whakawhanaketanga o te mate tairoi?

He mea noa te mate tairoi, ā, ka pā ki te tangata o ngā tau katoa. Heoi anō, tera pea ētahi āhuatanga ka whakanui ake i tō tupono ki te pāngia e te mate tairoi:

• He hītori whānau tō te mate tairoi (he hononga tuku iho).
• Kei a koe tētahi mate pūnaha ārai mate, pērā i te mate huka momo 1, te mate rumatiki, te lupus rānei.
• Te tango i tētahi rongoā he nui rawa te iodine kei roto.
• Neke atu i te 60 tau te pakeke, inā koa he wahine koe.

Me pēhea taku pupuri i te hauora o taku tairoi?

Ngā mea e hiahiatia ana e koe hei pupuri i te hauora o tō tairoiKo te huarahi matua ko te whiwhi i te nui o te iodine mai i ngā kai e kainga ana e koe. Me hiahia te iodine ki te tairoi hei hanga i ngā homoni tairoi. Ko te rongo pai ko te nuinga o te tangata e whiwhi ana i te nui o te iodine mai i te tote iodized me ngā kai kua tāpirihia te iodine. Ētahi atu kai kei roto te iodine:

• Tīhi
• Miraka kau
• Ngā hua manu
• Miraka miraka
• Ika moana
• Ngā mātaitai, pērā i te pāpaka me te kōura
• Rimu
• Miraka soya
• Sōhi soya

Heoi, kāore e pai te nui rawa o te iodine, ā, ka raru pea. Mena he pātai, he āwangawanga rānei āu mō te hauora o tō tairoi, kaua e mangere ki te kōrero ki tō tākuta.

Āhea ahau me kōrero ki te tākuta mō taku tairoi?

Mena kei te pāngia koe e ngā tohu o te mate tairoi, pērā i te panoni o tō taumaha, te tere o te manawa, te aro rānei ki te pāmahana , toro atu ki tō tākuta. Ka taea e ia te whakahaere i tētahi whakamātautau toto māmā hei tirotiro mēnā ko tō tairoi te take o ō tohu.

Hei whakamutunga, ngā mea hei maumahara (Karere hei tango ki te kāinga)

He repe tino nui tō tairoiti i roto i tō pūnaha endocrine. He maha ngā pānga ki roto i tō tinana. He tino noa te mate tairoiti, ā, he nui te wā ka taea te rongoā me te whakaora.

Mena kei a koe ngā tohu e pā ana ki te mate tairoi, ki te hiahia rānei koe ki te mōhio mena kei a koe ētahi take mōrearea mō te whanaketanga o te mate tairoi, kaua e mataku, kaua hoki e mangere ki te kōrero ki tō tākuta. Kei konei rātou hei āwhina i a koe. Ko te tiaki i tō hauora te mea nui rawa atu!

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Te repe tairoiti, te repe tairoiti, ngā homoni, te hypothyroidism, te hyperthyroidism, te goiter, te mate pukupuku tairoiti