Kia ako tātou mō te Pūnaha Io o te Tinana, te pūnaha whakamiharo e whakahaere ana i ngā kare ā-roto me ngā nekehanga o tō tātou tinana.

Kua whakaaro kē koe me pēhea koe e kite ai i ngā mea o tēnei ao, e neke ai ō waewae, e hikoi ai? I tēnei rā ka kōrero tātou mō tētahi pūnaha whakamiharo i roto i tō tātou tinana e āwhina ana i a tātou ki ēnei mea katoa. Ko te Pūnaha Io o te Tinana . He rite tana mahi ki tētahi karere e kawe ana i ngā mōhiohio huri noa i tō tātou tinana. Kia kite tātou he aha te mea nei, me pēhea tana mahi, me pēhea hoki tōna hiranga ki a tātou.

He aha te Pūnaha Io o te Tinana?

He māmā noa iho, ko tō pūnaha io tinana he wāhanga o tō pūnaha io taha . He rite ki te whatunga io e rere ana puta noa i tō tinana. Koinei te pūnaha e kawe ana i ngā mea e pā ana ki a koe, pērā i te pā, te hongi, te reka, me te oro, ki tō roro, ā, koinei te pūnaha e kawe ana i ngā whakahau mai i tō roro ki ō uaua hei āwhina i a koe ki te neke.

Whakaarohia, nā tēnei pūnaha io tinana ka taea e koe te rongo i te wera o tētahi kapu kawhe wera, ka taea e koe te rongo ina ngaua koe e te waeroa, ā, ka taea e koe te hapai i tō ringa, te neke rānei i tō waewae i tāu e pai ai.

He aha te rerekētanga i waenga i te pūnaha io somatic me te pūnaha io autonomic?

E rua ngā wāhanga matua o tō tātou pūnaha io taha. Ko tētahi ko te pūnaha io tinana e kōrerohia ana e tātou. Ko tētahi ko te pūnaha io motuhake .

• E pā ana te pūnaha io tinana ki ngā mea e whakahaeretia ana e tātou me te āta whakaaro . Arā, ko ngā mea ka taea e koe te mahi mā tō hinengaro. Hei tauira, ka taea e koe te ara ake i tō ringa mēnā e hiahia ana koe, ka taea e koe te kōrero, ka taea e koe te hikoi. Kei raro i tō mana whakahaere ēnei.
• Ko te pūnaha io ā-roto te mea e whakahaere ana i ngā mea e puta aunoa ana, me te kore e whakaarohia e tātou . Ngā mea pēnei i te manawa (ahakoa kei te moe tātou), te tere o te manawa, me te nakunaku. Kāore tātou e hiahia ki te whakaaro ki ēnei mea.

Ahakoa he wāhanga ēnei e rua o tō tātou pūnaha io taha, ka wehea ēnei i runga i te mahi e mahia ana e rāua.

He aha te mea ka tupu ki te pūnaha io tinana?

E rua ngā mahi matua a tēnei pūnaha.

1. Whakaurunga Pūoro

Haunga tētahi o ō tātou mātakitaki e rima (arā, ko te tirohanga, nā te mea e hono tika ana te kanohi me te io whatu ki te roro), ka haere ngā kare ā-roto katoa ki te roro mā tēnei pūnaha io tinana.

• Ko ngā kare ā-roto o tō mahunga – arā , ko ngā mea e rangona ana e koe, e hongi ana koe, e reka ana koe, me te pā o te kiri o tō mahunga – ka haere katoa ki te roro mā roto i tēnei pūnaha.
• Kei roto hoki i tēnei pūnaha te pānga o te tinana i raro i te kaki . Ka haere tuatahi aua kare ā-roto ki te taurakira, ā, mai i reira ki te roro.

Whakaarohia, ka rongo koe i te reo o tētahi hoa e kōrero ana ki a koe, ka hongi i te kai e tunu ana tō whaea, ā, ka reka hoki i te reka o te aihikirīmi mā te awhina o tēnei pūnaha io tinana.

2. Mana Nekehanga

Ngā uaua o tō tinanaKo ngā tohu e āwhina ana i a koe ki te neke, ki te pā, me te kōrero ka tukuna mai i te roro. Ko te pūnaha io tinana ka kawe i ēnei tohu mai i te roro ki ngā uaua.

Ina hiki ā-hinengaro koe i tō ringa, ina piki koe i te arawhata, ina whana rānei i te pōro, ko te roro te mea e whakahau ana mō ēnei mea katoa, engari ko te pūnaha io tinana te "aho taura" e kawe ana i aua whakahau ki ngā uaua.

He pēhea te āwhina a te pūnaha io tinana i ētahi atu whekau o roto?

He maha ngā wā ka āwhina tēnei pūnaha i a tātou ki te rongo i te mamae o ngā whekau o roto i ō tātou tinana. Ka kiia ko te "mamae whakawhiti". Arā, ahakoa kei tētahi wāhi te raruraru, ka rongohia te mamae i tētahi atu wāhi tata.

Hei tauira pai, ina pāngia te tangata e te mate manawa, ā, ka mamae tōna ringa maui, tōna tuara, tōna kauae, tōna puku rānei. Ko tētahi take mō tēnei ko te hanganga o tō tātou pūnaha io.

Ko tētahi atu tauira ko te āhua o tā tātou whakahaere i tō tātou manawa. I te nuinga o te wā, ka manawa aunoa tātou, e whakahaeretia ana e te pūnaha ā-roto. Engari ki te hiahia tātou, ka taea hoki e tātou te whakahaere i tō tātou manawa, arā, te manawa me te tuku i te manawa. Koinā te wā e āwhina ai hoki te pūnaha tinana.

Kei hea tēnei e tū ana?

Ka pūtake mai tō pūnaha io tinana i te roro, ka toro atu puta noa i te tinana mā te taurakira.

• Upoko me te kaki: Ka horahia ēnei mā roto i ngā io angaanga . He 12 ngā takirua io. 11 o ēnei e hono ana ki te pūnaha tinana. Ko te io angaanga tuarua (CN II), e hono ana ki ngā kanohi, he wāhanga tūturu nō te roro, ehara i te pūnaha tinana.
• Mai i te kaki ki raro: E hono ana ngā takirua io tuaiwi e 31 e puta mai ana i te taurakira ki te pūnaha tinana. Ka wehea anō ēnei io ki ngā io iti ake e haereere ana puta noa i te tinana.

Ko ētahi o ēnei io he io pūoro . Kotahi anake te huarahi e kawe ai rātou i ngā kōrero: mai i te tinana ki te roro. Ko ētahi he io nekeneke . Kotahi anō te huarahi e kawe ai rātou i ngā kōrero: mai i te roro ki ngā uaua.

Ka peka atu ēnei io angaanga me ngā io tuaiwi ki ngā manga iti ake, ka horapa ki ngā wāhi pēnei i ngā pito o ngā maihao, ngā matimati, me raro i te kiri.

He pēhea te āhua o tēnei?

He rite tō tātou pūnaha io katoa ki tētahi rākau kua hurihia ki raro .

• He rite te roro ki te pakiaka o te rākau.
• He rite te taurakira ki te take o te rākau.
• Ko te pūnaha io o waho – ko te pūnaha io tinana tonu – he rite ki ngā manga me ngā wana o te rākau, e horapa ana puta noa i te tinana. Ko ngā io e rere ana i raro i tō tātou kiri tae noa ki ngā pito o ō tātou peka, he rite ki ngā manga iti rawa o te rākau.

He aha te mea i hangaia ai tēnei?

Ko tō tātou pūnaha io taha, arā, me te pūnaha io tinana, he mea hanga mai i ngā momo pūtau io me ngā hanganga rerekē.

• Ngā Neuron:He pūtau io ēnei. Ko tā rātou mahi he whakahaere i ngā tohu, he huri i aua tohu hei āhua matū, hei āhua hiko rānei.
• Ngā Pūtau Glial: Koinei ngā pūtau tautoko i roto i te pūnaha io. Ahakoa kāore e tukuna ana ngā tohu, ka āwhina i ngā neuron e tuku ana i ngā tohu.
• Ngā karihi: Ko ēnei ngā tautau o ngā pūtau io e mahi ana i te mahi kotahi, e whai hononga rānei ana.
• Ngā Ganglia: He rōpū pūtau io nui ake, he tata te hononga. Hei tauira, ko ngā ganglia cochlear me ngā ganglia vestibular, e āwhina ana i a tātou ki te whakarongo me te taurite.

Nā, kia tirohia ngā mea matua e rua me ētahi atu taipitopito.

Ngā pūtau io - ngā pūtau io

He momo pūtau tino motuhake ngā neuron. Kei roto anake i te pūnaha io. Ko rātou ngā mea e tuku ana, e whiwhi ana hoki i ngā tohu puta noa i te tinana. Ka puta mai ēnei tohu i roto i te āhua o ngā tohu hiko me ngā tohu matū. Ka whakamahia ēnei tohu e ngā pūnaha rerekē o te tinana hei whakawhitiwhiti kōrero tetahi ki tetahi. Ko ēnei wāhanga o te neuron:

• Tinana Pūtau: Koinei te wāhanga matua o te pūtau. Koinei te wāhi e tukatukahia ai ngā tohu, e tukuna ai ki ētahi atu wāhanga.
• Ākona: Kotahi te ākona o ia io. He rite tēnei ki tētahi ringa roa e toro atu ana i te tinana pūtau. Kei te pito o te ākona he hanganga rite ki te matihao. Koinei te wāhi e hurihia ai ngā tohu hiko hei tohu matū. Ko ēnei hanganga rite ki te matihao, e kiia nei ko ngā synapses, ka tuku i aua tohu matū ki ētahi atu pūtau io tata.
• Ngā Dendrite: He hanganga iti, rite ki te peka ēnei e toro atu ana i te tinana pūtau. (I ahu mai te ingoa i te kupu Latina ko te tikanga "rite ki te rākau"). Ka whiwhi ēnei dendrite i ngā tohu matū mai i ngā hononga me ētahi atu neuron.
• Myelin: He paparanga ngako angiangi tēnei e karapoti ana i ngā axon o ngā neuron maha. Ka tiaki i te axon, ā, ka āwhina i ētahi tohu kia tere ake te haere.

Ka honoa ngā neuron tetahi ki tetahi, ka hanga he whatunga tino uaua, pērā i te kupenga. I ētahi wā ka taea te hono i tētahi neuron kotahi ki ngā mano tini o ētahi atu neuron. He rerekē te roa o ngā neuron. Ka taea e rātou te tipu, te whakaiti rānei i runga i te wāhi kei reira rātou me ā rātou mahi.

Ngā Pūtau Glial

He nui te mahi a ngā pūtau glial. Ka āwhina rātou i ngā neurons ki te tipu me te pupuri i a rātou anō i a tātou e tamariki ana. Ka whakahaere hoki rātou i te mahi a ngā neurons puta noa i ō tātou oranga. Ka tiaki i tō tātou pūnaha io mai i te mate, ka whakahaere i te taurite matū o te pūnaha io, ā, ka hanga i te pukupuku myelin huri noa i ngā axons o ngā neurons. He mea whakamiharo ko te tekau ngā wā he nui ake ngā pūtau glial i ngā neurons i roto i tō tātou pūnaha io!

He aha ngā mate e pāngia ana e tēnei pūnaha?

Kua kōrero kē tātou ko te pūnaha io tinana he wāhanga o te pūnaha io taha. Nō reira, ko te āhua e pā ana ki te pūnaha io taha ka kiia ko te neuropathy taha.Ka pāngia hoki tēnei pūnaha tinana. Ko te tikanga o tēnei kua mate, kua pakaru rānei te pūnaha io taha. Anei ētahi o ngā take matua e pā ana ki tēnei:

• Mate Huka Momo 2: Ka taea e te mate huka kore e whakahaeretia te kino i tō pūnaha io tinana, inā koa ko ngā io o ō waewae me ō waewae. Koinei te take e mōrearea ai te hunga mate huka ki te ngaro o te rongo i ō rātou waewae. Ko te mate huka te tino take o te neuropathy peripheral.
• Ngā āhuatanga ārai mate me te mumura: Hei tauira ko te Guillain-Barré Syndrome .
• Te repera (te mate a Hansen / te repera): Ahakoa he onge tēnei mate i ngā whenua whakawhanake, ka kitea nuitia i runga i te kiri, ka taea hoki e ia te horapa hohonu ki roto i te tinana me te kino i ngā io tinana.
• Ngā āhuatanga whānau me ngā āhuatanga ira: Ko ēnei ngā raruraru e kitea ana i te whānautanga. Ko ngā āhuatanga ira ko ngā mea i tukuna iho mai i ngā mātua.
• Ngā Mate Pukupuku: Ka pāngia pea ngā io e ngā huaketo pērā i te HIV , ngā huakita rānei pērā i te Borrelia burgdorferi, e hua ai te mate Lyme . Ko tētahi atu tauira noa ko te mamae tonu o ngā io e pā mai ana me te mate kiriuhi (e kiia ana ko te mate kiriuhi i ētahi wā).
• Ngā rongoā me ngā tikanga hauora: Ka taea e ētahi paturopi me ngā rongoā chemotherapy e whakamahia ana hei rongoā i te mate pukupuku te kino i ngā wāhanga o te pūnaha io tinana. Ka taea hoki tēnei momo kino o te io te puta hei pānga taha o te pokanga.
• Ngā paitini me ngā paitini: Ka taea e ngā konganuku taumaha paitini pērā i te mercury me te mata te kino i ngā kiko io tinana, ka raru ai te kare ā-roto me te whakahaere uaua. He maha ngā matū mai i ngā wheketere ka taea hoki te whakararu i tēnei momo kino.
• Whara: Ka taea e ngā whara e kino ai ngā io te whakararu i ngā kiko o te pūnaha io tinana mō te wā roa, ā, i ētahi wā ka pumau. Ina pupuhi te whara, ka pā anō hoki ki ngā io taha. Ko te Carpal Tunnel Syndrome me te Sciatica he tauira o ngā āhuatanga e puta mai ana i tēnei momo pānga o te io.
• Ngā Puku: Ka taea e ngā pukupuku kino, arā, te mate pukupuku , me ngā pukupuku pai, te whakararuraru i tō pūnaha io tinana, ka pā ki ō kare ā-roto, ki te huarahi rānei e whakahaere ai koe i ō uaua.

He aha ngā tohu o tēnei mate?

Ko ngā tohu o ngā raruraru o te pūnaha io tinana, e whakawhirinaki ana ki ngā io kua pakaru.

Ina pakaru ngā io nekeneke:

Koinei te pānga ki ō uaua:

• Ngā mamae, ngā kōpiripiri, ngā wiri, ngā nekenekehanga rānei .
• Te mimiti/te memeha o ngā uaua .
• Te ngaronga o te mana whakahaere .

Ina pakaru ngā io pūoro:

Ka puta ēnei tohu:

• Te ngaronga o ngā kare ā-pā: Ka taea e tēnei te whakaiti i tō kare ā-pā, me te mea kei te mau karapu koe. Tērā pea ka iti ake tō kare ā-pā ki te wera, ki te wiri rānei, ā, kāore pea koe e mōhio kei te pupuri koe i tētahi mea wera. Mena ka pā tēnei āhuatanga ki ō ringaringa, ki ō waewae rānei, tera pea ka uaua ki a koe te hikoi, te pupuri i tō taurite, te hopu rānei i ngā mea iti pēnei i ngā moni, i ngā kī rānei.
• Te wiriwiri, te māuiui rānei / te pāngia o te tinana: Ka kiia hoki tēnei he "ngoikore". He rite ki te māuiui o tō ringa, o tō waewae rānei.
• Mamae Neuropathique: He maha ngā wā ka pāngia tēnei e te mamae wera, koi rānei i te wāhi e pāngia ana. Nā ngā tohu mai i ngā io kua pakaru, kua kore rānei e mahi tika te mamae nei, ehara i te mea e mamae ana i taua wā tonu. He maha ngā wā ka tino kino rawa atu tēnei mamae, ā, he uaua ki te moe pai, ki te mahi rānei i ngā mahi o ia rā.

He aha ngā whakamātautau e whakamahia whānuitia ana hei tirotiro i te hauora o tēnei pūnaha?

He maha ngā whakamātautau hei āwhina i te tautuhi i ngā raruraru e pā ana ki tō pūnaha io tinana. He maha ngā wā, ko te mea tuatahi ka mahia e koe ko te whakamātautau io . Ka tono tō tākuta kia whakamahia e koe ngā wāhanga rerekē o tō tinana, inā koa ō ringaringa, ō waewae, me ō waewae, i roto i ētahi huarahi. Ka āwhina tēnei i a rātou ki te whakatau ko ēhea io, ko tēhea wāhi o te taurakira, ko tēhea wāhanga rānei o te roro te raruraru.

Ko ētahi atu whakamātautau noa ko:

• Ngā whakamātautau toto: Ka taea e ēnei te kite i ngā momo mea, mai i ngā raruraru o te pūnaha ārai mate ki ngā paitini, inā koa ngā konganuku pēnei i te mercury me te mata.
• EEG (Electroencephalogram): He whakamātautau e ine ana i te ngohe hiko o te roro.
• EMG (Electromyogram) / Whakamātautau Arataki Io: He whakamātautau e ine ana i te mahi a ngā uaua me ngā io.
• Whakamātautau ira: Ina koa mēnā he whakapae kei te whānau mai tētahi mate ka tukuna iho i ngā mātua.
• MRI (Whakaahua Āhua Aukume): He whakamātautau ka taea te tango pikitia taipitopito o te roro, te taurakira, me ētahi atu kiko.

He aha ngā maimoatanga noa mō ngā raruraru o te pūnaha io tinana?

Ko te maimoatanga mō ō raruraru pūnaha io tinana e whakawhirinaki ana ki te pūtake, ki ētahi atu āhuatanga e pā ana, me ō tohumate. I roto i te nuinga o ngā wā, mā te rongoā i te pūtake o ngā raruraru pūnaha io taha ka taea hoki te whakaiti i te pānga ki te pūnaha.

Anei ētahi momo maimoatanga ka taea te mahi:

• Ngā Rongoā: He maha ngā rongoā e wātea ana hei rongoā i ngā raruraru o te pūnaha io tinana. Ka taea e ēnei te rongoā i ngā tohu pēnei i te mamae, te wiri o ngā uaua, me te wiri.
• Pokanga: Ka taea e tēnei te wetewete i te io e pēhia ana e te kiko e karapoti ana, e te pupuhi rānei, pērā i te mate carpal tunnel syndrome.
• TENS (Whakaohooho Hiko Whakawhiti-kiri): Ko te whakamahi i tētahi iahiko ngawari hei aukati i te tuku, te whiwhi rānei i ngā tohu mamae mai i ngā io e kore e mahi tika ana.
• Te tango i te io: Ko tēnei tikanga he whara ā-tauira i te io e kore e mahi tika ana, kia kore ai e taea te tuku, te whiwhi rānei i ngā tohu. He pai tēnei maimoatanga mō ētahi momo mamae mau tonu.
• Whakaora Tinana: Ka taea e tēnei te āwhina i a koe ki te ora mai i ngā whara, i ngā tikanga hauora rānei, te whakaiti rānei i ngā tohu mamae. Ka taea hoki e ia te āwhina i a koe ki te ako ki te noho tahi me, ki te urutau ki, ki te urutau rānei ki ngā āhuatanga hou, ki ngā āhuatanga kino rānei e pā ana ki tō kaha ki te neke, ki te kite rānei i te ao e karapoti ana i a koe.
• Te wero ngira: He tikanga rongonui tēnei, arā, te wero ngira ki ngā pūwāhi motuhake o te tinana, nō te rongoā tuku iho Hainamana. Heoi anō, kei te tipu haere tonu tōna whakamahinga i roto i te rongoā hou. He maha ngā tākuta (ina koa ko ngā tohunga whakamoe me ngā tohunga whakahaere mamae) e whakamahi ana i te wero ngira hei rongoā i te hunga kāore e taea, kāore rānei e hiahia ki te tango i ngā rongoā whakamamae, i ētahi atu rongoā rānei.
• Ngā taputapu me ngā taputapu ka taea te mau: Kei roto i tēnei ko ngā taputapu hauora pēnei i ngā whitiki tautoko, ngā anga hikoi, me ngā hu i hangaia motuhaketia. Ka urutau ēnei ki ngā huringa o tō tinana, ā, ka āwhina tonu i a koe ki te mahi i roto i te ao e karapoti ana i a koe.

Me pēhea te karo i ngā āhuatanga pēnei?

He maha ngā āhuatanga e pā ana ki tō pūnaha io tinana ka taea te ārai, te whakahaere rānei. Ahakoa kāore e taea te ārai i ētahi āhuatanga, he maha ngā wā ka taea te whakaroa i ōna pānga, te whakaiti rānei i tōna kaha. Anei ētahi mea ka taea e koe te mahi hei ārai, hei whakahaere, hei whakaroa rānei i ēnei raruraru:

• Kai i tētahi kai taurite: Ka taea e te korenga o ngā huaora, inā koa te huaora B12, te kino i tō pūnaha io. Ko ētahi atu huaora, inā koa te B6, ka paitini mēnā ka nui rawa te kai.
• Kia kaha tonu te tinana, kia mau tonu te taumaha hauora: Mā tēnei koe e āwhina kia kaha, kia ngāwari hoki kia kore ai e whara i ō io. Ka āwhina hoki tēnei ki te ārai, ki te whakaroa rānei i te whanaketanga o te mate huka momo 2, inā koa mēnā ka whakahaere koe i tō kai. Ka āwhina tēnei ki te ārai, ki te whakaroa rānei i ngā pānga o te mate huka momo 2 ki ō io.
• Mauria ngā taputapu haumaru: He tino take ngā whara o te kino o ngā io, nō reira he mea nui ngā taputapu haumaru. Ahakoa kei te mahi koe, kei te ngahau rānei, ka taea e ngā taputapu haumaru te āwhina i a koe ki te ārai i ngā whara o ngā io, ki te whakaiti rānei i tōna kino.
• Whakahaerehia ngā āhuatanga hauora: He maha ngā wā ka taea te rongoā i ngā raruraru hauora mau tonu, pērā i te mate huka momo 2, me ētahi atu e pā ana ki tō pūnaha io. Ko te whakahaere i ēnei āhuatanga ko te toro atu ki tō tākuta i ia wā, te tango rongoā, me ētahi atu. Ka taea e te whakahaere i ngā āhuatanga te āwhina i te aukati, te whakaroa rānei i te haere whakamua o ngā āhuatanga mau tonu.

He pūnaha tō pūnaha io tinana kāore koe e whakaaro nui ana ki te whakamahi, engari he mea tino nui. Mā tēnei wāhanga o te pūnaha io ka whiwhi koe i ngā mōhiohio mō te ao o waho – mai i te pāmahana o waho ki te kakara o tō kai tino pai.

Karere Tangohia ki te Kāinga

Nō reira, kua mārama pea koe ināianei ki te hiranga o te Pūnaha Io o te Tinana ki ō tātou oranga o ia rā. Nā konei tātou e wheako ai i te ao, e neke ai hoki i te huarahi e hiahia ana tātou. Mā te tiaki pai i tēnei pūnaha ka nui te rerekētanga ki tō kounga oranga whānui. Nō reira, he mea tino nui kia ngana ki te ārai i ngā āhuatanga e pā ana ki a ia, ā, ki te pāngia koe e tēnei āhuatanga, me whakahaere i te mea pai rawa atu. Ki te mea he pātai, he ruarua rānei āu, kaua e wareware ki te rapu tohutohu hauora.

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