Ko wai tēnei tohunga hihi-X? Kia mōhio tātou!

Kua oti pea koe te tirotiro i te hihi-X, te matawai CT, te matawai MRI rānei. Tērā pea kua tono atu tō tākuta kia tirohia e koe tētahi. Nō reira, e mōhio ana koe ko wai te tangata e titiro ana ki ēnei matawai, e kōrero ana hoki ki a koe he aha te mea e tupu ana i roto i tō tinana? Koia te tohunga hihi-X ka kōrerohia e tātou i tēnei rā.

Ko wai tēnei e kiia nei he tohunga hihi-X?

He kupu ngāwari noa iho, he tākuta tohunga te tohunga hihi-X . Ko tana mahi matua he whakamahi i ngā taputapu whakaahua maha, e kiia nei e tātou he mīhini matawai, hei tirotiro i te roto o ō tātou tinana, hei tautuhi i ngā mate me ngā whara, ā, i ētahi wā ka āwhina i te maimoatanga. Whakaarohia, kāore te roto o ō tātou tinana e kitea mai i waho, nō reira ka tirohia e ēnei tākuta te roto o te tinana me ngā taputapu motuhake, ka kitea mēnā he hapa kei reira.

He aha ēnei taputapu whakaahua e whakamahia ana e rātou?

He maha ngā momo taputapu e whakamahia ana e rātou. Kua rongo pea koe i ēnei ingoa. Me titiro tātou ki ēnei:

• Matawai CT ( tomography rorohiko - CT) : Ka kiia tēnei e ētahi he "matawai CAT". Ka taea e tēnei te tango pikitia whakawhiti taipitopito o roto o te tinana. Ka taea te tirotiro i ngā wāhanga o te tinana papatahi, papatahi, pērā i te tapahi i tētahi taro.
• Te tirotiro i te wai : He rite tēnei ki te hihi-X e neke ana. Mā tēnei ka taea e koe te kite i te mahi a ngā whekau i roto i te tinana i te wā tūturu , pērā i te ataata. Hei tauira, ka whakamahia hei tirotiro i te neke o te wai ina horomia.
• Whakaahua Whakakotahi : Ko te whakakotahi i ngā whakaahua mai i ngā momo matawai e rua, pērā i te matawai ``(PET)`` me te matawai ``(CT)``, kia mārama ake ai, kia taipitopito ake ai hoki ngā kōrero. Ko tētahi mea kāore e kitea i tētahi matawai ka kitea i tētahi atu, ā, ina whakakotahihia ngā mea e rua, ka puta he pikitia katoa.
• Matawai MRI (Whakaahua Āhua-Mate - MRI) me te Angiography Āhua-Mate - MRA : Ka taea e te MRI te whakaputa whakaahua tino mārama, taipitopito hoki. He tino whai hua te MRI mō te tirotiro i ngā kiko ngohengohe pērā i te roro, te taurakira, ngā hononga, me ngā uaua. Kāore e whakamahia he irahiko, engari he papa aukume. He momo MRI motuhake te MRA e tirotiro ana i ngā uaua toto.
• Mammography : Kua rongo pea koe i tēnei, he whakamātautau "(X-ray)" motuhake e whakamahia ana hei kite wawe i te mate pukupuku o te ū. He whakamātautau tino nui tēnei mō ngā wāhine.
• Whakaahua Rongoā Karihi: Ko te tikanga o tēnei ko te hoatu i tētahi wāhanga iti o tētahi matū irahiko kore kino ('radioactive tracer') ki te tinana (mā te waha, mā te werohanga rānei), me te mātakitaki i tana nekehanga i roto i te tinana mā te whakamahi i tētahi kāmera motuhake ('gamma camera'). Ka taea e tēnei te hoatu he whakaaro pai mō te mahi a ngā whekau me te pai o tā rātou mahi. Hei tauira, ko te matawai tairoi me te matawai wheua.
• Matawai PET ( Positron Emission Tomography - PET) : He momo matawai motuhake anō hoki tēnei e taka ana ki raro i te wāhanga "Whakaahua Rongoā Karihi". Ko te nuinga o te wā ka whakamahia hei tirotiro mēnā kei reira ngā pūtau matepukupuku, mēnā kua horapa, me te āhua o tā rātou urupare ki te maimoatanga. Ka taea hoki te tirotiro i te mahi a ngā pūtau i roto i te tinana.
• Ultrasound : Ka whakamahia e tēnei he ngaru oro auau-teitei hei hanga pikitia o roto o te tinana. Kāore hoki e whakamahia he irahiko. He maha ngā wā ka whakamahia hei tirotiro i te pēpi i te wā e hapu ana, hei tirotiro hoki i ngā whekau o te puku (pērā i te ate, ngā whatukuhu, me te whēkau).
• Ngā hihi-X : Koinei te whakamātautau e mōhiotia ana e tātou katoa, ā, koinei te whakamātautau tuatahi. Ka whakamahia hei rapu i ngā mea pēnei i te whati wheua, me te tango hihi-X o te uma hei rapu i ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te niumōnia i roto i ngā pukahukahu.

He aha ngā wāhanga matua o te irahiko?

E toru ngā wāhanga matua o te irahiko . Arā, e toru ngā wāhanga matua e tohunga ana ngā tohunga irahiko.

1. Te Tātaritanga Irirangi

2. Te Rongoā Irirangi Wawao

3. Te Matepukupuku Irahiko

He iti ake ngā tohungatanga kei raro i ia o ēnei wāhanga. Me kōrero taipitopito tātou mō ēnei wāhanga matua e toru.

1. He aha te Tātaritanga Irirangi?

Koinei te mara kua rongohia e tātou i ngā wā katoa, ā, koinei hoki te mea e tino mōhiotia ana e tātou. Ka tirohia e ngā Kaiwhakamātautau Ira-X ngā matawai i kōrerotia i mua ake nei, arā , ka tātarihia (ka whakamāramahia) aua matawai, ka kitea te āhua o ngā hanganga me ngā okana i roto i te tinana. Mai i ēnei whakaahua, ka taea e rātou:

• Tātarihia ngā āhuatanga. Hei tauira, ki te maremare koe, ā, ka whiwhi koe i te hihi-X, ka kitea pea e koe mēnā he niumōnia tōu. Ki te mamae rānei tōu upoko, ka whiwhi pea koe i te MRI hei tirotiro mēnā he rite ki te pukupuku roro tōu.
• Mena kei te rongoatia koe mō tētahi mate i tēnei wā, aroturukihia tō urupare ki te maimoatanga.Whakaarohia te mahi i tētahi matawai CT o tētahi e rongoatia ana mō te mate pukupuku, me te tirotiro mēnā kua mimiti te puku, kua nui haere, kua noho tonu rānei.
• Te tirotiro i ngā āhuatanga rerekē. Ko te tikanga o tēnei ko te tirotiro i te aroaro o tētahi mate i mua i te putanga mai o ngā tohu. Hei tauira, ko te mammography hei kite wawe i te mate pukupuku o te ū, ngā whakamātautau hei tirotiro i te mate pukupuku koroni, ngā whakamātautau rānei hei tirotiro i ngā āhuatanga o te ngākau.

2. He aha te Irirangi Wawao?

He momo rerekē tēnei, he tino whakamere hoki. Ka whakamahia e ngā tohunga hihi-X ngā hangarau whakaahua pēnei i ngā matawai CT, te ultrasound, me te MRI hei mahi i ngā maimoatanga kore-pokanga. He māmā noa iho, ka tirohia ēnei matawai ka whakauruhia he taputapu iti pēnei i ngā catheter (ngā ngongo angiangi) me ngā waea ki roto i te tinana hei mahi maimoatanga. Kāore e hiahiatia he tapahi nui, engari he iti noa iho ngā tapahi . Ka hua ake tēnei he poto ake te wā whakaora me te iti ake o ngā raruraru.

Whakaarohia, pērā i te whakamahi i te GPS hei kimi i tō ara, ka whakamahia e ēnei tākuta ngā whakaahua matawai hei haere ki te wāhi tika i roto i te tinana, hei rongoā hoki i a koe.

Ko ētahi o ngā āhuatanga e rongoatia ana e tēnei tikanga ko:

• Ngā mate pukupuku, ngā pukupuku rānei. Ka rongoāhia ētahi pukupuku mā te werohanga tika i ngā rongoā ki roto (`chemoembolization`), mā te aukati rānei i ngā oko toto e tuku ana i ngā rongoā ki roto (`embolization`) hei whakangaro i te pukupuku, mā te whakamahi rānei i te wera (`ablation`).
• Ngā aukati i roto i ngā uaua toto, i ngā uaua rānei. Hei tauira, mēnā kua aukatia tētahi oko toto i te waewae, ka taea te whakatuwhera mā te whakamahi i tētahi poihau (angioplasty) ka taea rānei te whakauru i tētahi stent (he ngongo mata iti) hei whakaora i te rere o te toto.
• Ngā fibroids kōpū. Ka taea hoki tēnei te rongoā mā te "embolization".
• Mamae tuara. Mō ētahi mamae tuara, ka taea te hoatu i ngā mea pēnei i te werohanga steroid ki te wāhi tika i runga i te matawai.
• Ētahi raruraru ate me te whatukuhu. Hei tauira, ka whakamahia tēnei tikanga hei mahi i te koiora (ka tangohia he wahi kiko hei tirotiro) hei whakauru rānei i ngā ngongo ki roto i ngā awaawa au kua purua, i ngā ara mimi rānei.

3. He aha te mate pukupuku irahiko?

E mea ana mātou ko ētahi tikanga whakaahua he whakamahi i te irahiko. Heoi, ina whakamahia hei tātaritanga mate, kāore e taea te whakamahi i taua irahiko hei rongoā i te mate. Heoi, kei reira ngā tohunga e kiia nei ko ngā Kaimātai Matepukupuku Irahiko e mahi ana i te rongoā irahiko.E whakamahia ana hei rongoā i te mate pukupuku me ētahi āhuatanga kāore i te mate pukupuku (pai).

Ko te rongoā irahiko he maimoatanga mate pukupuku e whakamahi ana i ngā hihi kaha o te pūngao, pērā i ngā hihi-X, i ētahi atu momo irahiko rānei, hei patu i ngā pūtau mate pukupuku, hei aukati rānei i te tipu me te wehewehe o ngā pūtau. Ka mahi mā te whakakino i te DNA o ngā pūtau mate pukupuku.

Ko ēnei tākuta matepukupuku irahiko te hunga e whakamahere ana, e whakatau ana hoki i ngā horopeta pai rawa atu o te irahiko mō ia momo matepukupuku, me pēhea te whakanui ake i te pānga ki ngā pūtau matepukupuku me te whakaiti i te kino ki ngā pūtau hauora. E mōhio ana hoki rātou ki te maimoatanga pai rawa atu mō tō momo matepukupuku, te āhua o te matepukupuku, me tō hauora whānui.

He tākuta ngā tohunga hihi-X?

Āe, tino tika! He tākuta ngā tohunga hihi-X. Kua oti i ngā tohunga hihi-X raihana katoa te kura hauora, ā, kua whiwhi i te tohu hauora, he Tākuta Rongoā (MD) he Tākuta Rongoā Osteopathic (DO) rānei. Nō reira, he mōhiotanga hauora hōhonu tō rātou mō te tinana me ngā mate.

He aha te rerekētanga i waenga i te Kaiwhakaora Irahiko me te Kaiwhakaako Hangarau Irahiko?

He wāhi tēnei e pōhēhē ai te tini o te tangata. Engari he rerekē ngā tāngata tokorua nei, ā, he rerekē ā rāua mahi.

• He tākuta te tohunga hihi-X kua whakangungua ki te pānui me te whakamārama , arā, ki te tātari i aua whakaahua matawai me te whakarato i te tautuhi mate .
• Ko te Kaiwhakaahua Irirangi , e kiia ana i ētahi wā ko te Kaiwhakaahua Irirangi , he tohunga hauora e mahi ana i ngā matawai.

Hei whakarāpopototanga, ina haere koe ki te tiki i tētahi hihi-X, ko te tohunga hihi-X te tangata e whakanoho tika ana i a koe, e tahuri ana i te mīhini, ā, e tango ana i te hihi-X. Māna koe e āwhina kia noho pai, ā, māna hoki e whakarite kia kounga teitei ngā whakaahua. Heoi, kāore ia e titiro ki ngā whakaahua, e kī atu ki a koe he aha te hē o tō tinana. Ehara tēnā i tana mahi.

Ka tirohia e te tohunga hihi-X te ahua, ka whakatauhia mēnā he mate hauora tōu i runga i ngā mea kei roto, kātahi ka tuhia he pūrongo mōna. E mārama ana koe ki te rerekētanga? He mea nui ngā mea e rua, engari he rerekē ā rāua mahi.

Nā, he aha rawa te mahi a te tohunga hihi-X?

He maha ngā mahi nui mā te tohunga hihi-X. He tino uaua ēnei kawenga.

• Te arotake i tō hītori hauora hei aromatawai mēnā ka pā kino te whakamātautau whakaahua ki a koe. Hei tauira, mēnā he mate pāwera koe ki tētahi mea.Mena koinā, kāore pea tētahi momo tae rerekē e tika ana mōu e whakamahia ana mō ētahi matawai.
• Ko te whakamārama i ngā hua o ngā whakamātautau whakaahua hauora te mea e hiahiatia ana e rātou te tohungatanga.
• Te whakatairite i ngā kitenga mai i aua whakamātautau whakaahua me ētahi atu whakamātautau me ngā whakamātautau kua mahia ki a koe.
• Te kōrero ki tō kaiwhakarato hauora e tuku mai ana hei āwhina i a koe ki te whiriwhiri i te whakamātautau whakaahua e tika ana mōu, me te āwhina i a koe ki te whakatau mō tō maimoatanga hauora ā muri ake nei i runga i ngā hua o te whakamātautau.
• Te tuhi i ngā pūrongo e whakauru ana i ngā hua me ngā tautuhi mate. Ko tēnei pūrongo te mea ka tukuna e koe ki tō tākuta.
• Mena e tika ana, me tūtohu he whakamātautau, he maimoatanga rānei tāpiri.
• Te rongoā i ngā mate mā te whakamahi i te irahiko (ka mahia tēnei i roto i te `(Radiation Oncology)`) te whakahaere rānei i ngā maimoatanga e arahina ana e te whakaahua (ka mahia tēnei i roto i te `(Irahiko Urupare)`).
• Te tohutohu i ngā kaimahi ira-iwi ki te whakahaere i ngā whakamātautau whakaahua, ki te whakahaere rānei i ētahi whakamātautau mā rātou anō (ina koa i ngā wāhanga pēnei i te Ira-iwi Wawao).

Me haere koe ki te kura hauora kia noho hei tohunga hihi-X?

Āe, tino tika. E ai ki taku kōrero i mua, kua haere ngā tohunga hihi-X katoa kua whai raihana ki te kura hauora, ā, kua puta i taua kura. He tohu mātauranga taketake tēnā.

Me pēhea te noho hei tohunga hihi-X?

Ehara i te mea ngāwari te mahi hei tohunga hihi-X. He nui te whakapau kaha, te wā, me te mātauranga e hiahiatia ana. Tirohia ēnei mahi:

1. Tuatahi, me whakaoti e koe te mātauranga hauora-mua me te tohu paetahi mai i te whare wānanga, i te kāreti rānei.

2. Kātahi ka hiahia koe ki te whiwhi tohu hauora mai i tētahi kura hauora whaimana (mō te 4-5 tau).

3. Me paahi koe i te whakamātautau raihana hauora (hei tauira, i te United States, te United States Medical Licensing Examination - USMLE).

4. Kātahi, me whakaoti e rātou te iti rawa o ngā tau e whā o te whakangungu noho i roto i te irahiko. I roto i tēnei wā ka whiwhi rātou i ngā whakangungu mahi i roto i ngā āhuatanga rerekē o te irahiko.

He maha ngā tohunga hihi-X ka whakaoti i tētahi atu tau, e rua rānei o te whakangungu motuhake (whiwhinga) , e āhei ai rātou ki te whiwhi mātauranga me ngā pūkenga hōhonu atu i roto i tētahi wāhanga motuhake o te hihi-X. Ko ētahi tauira ko:

• Te mate pukupuku irahiko
• Te ira-X mō ngā tamariki (arā, e pā ana ki ngā mate o ngā tamariki)
• Te hihi-ira wawaotanga
• Whakaahua o ngā ū
• Te hihi-ira o te ngākau me ngā oko toto (ngākau me ngā oko toto)
• Neuroradiology (roro, taurakira, io)
• Rongoā karihi

Kia pēhea te roa hei mahi hei tohunga radiologist?

E 13 tau pea te roa hei mahi hei tohunga hihi-X. Kei roto i tēnei:

• Mātauranga i mua i te tohu paetahi (3-4 tau)
• Kura Hauora (4-5 tau)
• E whā tau o te whakangungu noho
• Kotahi, e rua rānei tau o te whakangungu motuhake (ahakoa ehara tēnei i te mea ā-ture, he tokomaha e pena ana)

Nō reira, ka taea e koe te kite i te roa me te whakapau kaha o tēnei haerenga. Koia te take he tohungatanga ngā tohunga hihi-X ki te tirotiro i ō matawai me te kimi i ngā kōrero nui. He rite rātou ki ngā "kaitirotiro" o te ao hauora.

Hei whakamutunga, he karere iti hei kawe ki te kāinga māu.

Whakaarohia kei te whakapae koe kei te pāngia koe e tētahi mate, i hiahiatia rānei he matawai hei whakamātautau. He mea noa te mataku me te manukanuka i taua wā. Engari kia mahara, kei reira tētahi tangata he mātauranga motuhake, he whakangungu hoki hei tirotiro i ō whakaahua matawai me te pānui tika i ngā hua. Ko te tohunga hihi-X tēnā.

Ka whakarite rātou i tētahi pūrongo taipitopito mō ngā hua o tō whakamātautau, ka tukuna atu ki tō tākuta rongoā, ki tō tīma hauora rānei. Kātahi anō ka whakatauhia e rātou te maimoatanga e pai ana mōu.

Ko te mea nui, ki te mea he pātai āu mō ngā hua o tō whakamātautau, kaua e wehi ki te pātai ki tō tākuta. He tika katoa tāu ki te mōhio ki tō hauora. Kāore pea te tohunga hihi-X e tūtaki tika ki a koe, engari he mema tino nui rātou o tō tīma hauora.

` Tangata hihi-X, matawai, tātaritanga, matawai CT, matawai MRI, hihi-X, rongoā hihi-X