Ko wai te tohunga whatukuhu? Me tiaki e koe ō whatukuhu?

Kua rongo koe i tētahi ' Tangata Pūnaha Niho '? Tērā pea kua tukuna koe e tō tākuta ki tētahi. Tērā pea kei te āwangawanga noa koe mō tētahi raruraru whatukuhu. I tēnei rā, me kōrero tātou mō te tohunga pūnaha niho, ā rātou mahi, me te wā me toro atu koe ki a rātou.

Ko wai tonu te tohunga nephrologist?

He māmā noa iho, he tākuta te tohunga whatukuhu e tohunga ana ki ngā mate whatukuhu me ō rātou maimoatanga. E mōhio ana koe, ko ngā whatukuhu o roto i tō tātou tinana he wāhanga o tō tātou pūnaha mimi. He rite rātou ki ngā okana e rua he āhua pīni te āhua. Ka tātarihia e rātou ō tātou toto, ka tangohia ngā para, te wai nui, me ngā electrolytes hei mimi. Nō reira, he mea tino nui te hauora o ēnei whatukuhu.

Ko wai te tohunga roro o ngā tamariki?

Kātahi anō ka pāngia ngā tamariki nohinohi e ngā raruraru tākihi. He tākuta te tākuta whatukuhu tamariki e tohunga ana ki te rongoā i ngā mate tākihi me te rongoā i roto i te katoa mai i ngā pēpi hou ki ngā tamariki nohinohi me ngā pakeke rangatahi. E mōhio ana hoki rātou ki te pānga o ēnei raruraru ki ngā tamariki nohinohi i a rātou e tipu ake ana.

He aha te mahi a te taote roro?

Āe, me titiro tātou ki ngā mahi a te tohunga whatukuhu. Ko tā rātou mahi matua he tātaritanga me te rongoā i ngā mate pēnei i te mate whatukuhu me te ngoikore o te whatukuhu . Ehara i te mea koinā anake, e mōhio ana hoki rātou ki te pānga o te mate whatukuhu ki ētahi atu wāhanga o te tinana. Hei tauira:

• Ngā Mate Pūnaha Ārai Mate: I ētahi wā ka kino pea ō tātou whatukuhu i te pūnaha ārai mate o tō tātou tinana.
• Mate Ngākau: Ka pāngia te ngākau e ngā raruraru tākihi, ā, ka pāngia hoki ngā tākihi e ngā raruraru ngākau. He hononga kaha kei waenganui i ngā mea e rua.
• Te toto toto tiketike (hypertension): Kāore te toto toto tiketike e pai mō ngā whatukuhu, ā, ka taea hoki e te mate whatukuhu te whakaputa i te toto toto tiketike.

Kia pēhea te uaua o te mahi hei tohunga nephrologist?

Ki tō whakaaro he ngāwari te mahi hei tohunga roro? Kāore rawa! He haerenga roa, he haerenga whakatapua. Whakaarohia te nui o ngā mea me ako e rātou:

• Tuatahi, e whā tau o te mātauranga kāreti.
• Kātahi ka ako koe i te kura hauora mō ngā tau e whā.
• Kāore e mutu i reira. Me whai rātou i te whakangungu noho mō ngā tau e toru. I roto i tēnei, ka whiwhi rātou i ngā whakangungu motuhake mō te Rongoā ā-roto, mō te Rongoā Tamariki rānei.
• Whai muri i tēnā, me mahi koe i tētahi whakangungu motuhake mō ngā mate tākihi e rua, e toru rānei tau te roa, arā, he "Fellowship." Koinei te wāhanga tino hōhonu o te nephrology.
• Ka whai wāhi ētahi ki tētahi atu tau whakangungu hei tohungatanga ki ngā whakawhitinga whatukuhu (Transplant Nephrology) me ngā wawaotanga e pā ana ki ngā mate whatukuhu (Interventional Nephrology).
• Hei whakamutunga, i Sri Lanka, me rēhita ki te Kaunihera Hauora o Sri Lanka, ā, i ngā whenua ke, me whiwhi tiwhikete tohunga (Tiwhikete Poari) mai i ngā poari whai mana o aua whenua.

He tino whakapau kaha tēnei! Koia te take he nui te mōhiotanga o rātou mō ngā whatukuhu.

He aha te Nephrology Whakawhiti me te Nephrology Wawaotanga?

I kōrero tātou i mua mō ngā whakangungu motuhake tāpiri e kiia nei ko te `( Transplant Nephrology)` me te `(Interventional Nephrology)`. Me titiro tātou ki ēnei mea.

• Ko te Transplant Nephrology he tohungatanga e pā ana ki ngā whakawhitinga whatukuhu me te repeure, tae atu ki te tiaki i ngā tūroro kua whiwhi i ēnei whakawhitinga. Ko te tikanga o tēnei, i muri i te whakawhitinga o te whatukuhu, ko tā rātou kawenga he tuku tohutohu mō ngā rongoā e hiahiatia ana hei pupuri i tana mahi tika kia uru pai rā anō ki roto i te tinana.
• Ko te Interventional Nephrology he tohungatanga e aro ana ki te waihanga me te pupuri i te urunga ki ngā oko toto, inā koa mō te dialysis (te purenga toto). Ka whakahaerehia hoki e rātou he biopsies whatukuhu, arā, he wahi iti o te kiko i tangohia mai i ngā whatukuhu. He tino whakangungua rātou ki:
• Te whakauru me te tango i ngā katitere (he ngongo ngohengohe, tuwhera ēnei hei whakauru wai ki roto, ki waho hoki i te tinana).
• Te whakanoho i ngā stent (he ngongo kirihou ēnei e whakanohoia ana ki roto i ngā oko toto kia noho tuwhera tonu ai).
• Te tango i ngā toto totoka.
• Ngā fistulogram (ka tirohia tēnei mō tētahi hononga rerekē i roto i te whatukuhu, arā, he fistula).
• Te mahi i ngā koiora whatukuhu.

He aha ngā mate e rongoatia ana e te tohunga nephrologist?

He aha ngā momo mate e rongoatia ana e te tākuta niho? Anei ētahi o ngā mate e rongoatia ana e rātou:

• Te mate tākihi mate huka me ētahi atu mate tākihi e hua mai ana i te mate huka. He hoariri nui te mate huka ki ngā tākihi.
• Te toto toto tiketike.
• Te ngoikore o te whatukuhu.
• Te mate whatukuhu pūkahukahu.
• Ngā kōhatu whatukuhu. He tokomaha kua rongo mō tēnei.
• Te Mate Nephrotic.
• Te mate whatukuhu o te wāhanga whakamutunga.
• Te Mate Uremic Hemolytic.
• Ngā Mate Pukupuku o te Ara Mimi (UTI).
• Ngā Mate Pukupuku.
• Te hyponatremia (te iti o te taumata konutai i roto i te tinana) me ētahi atu kore taurite o ngā electrolytes.
• Ngā horomanga paitini e hiahiatia ana he dialysis.
• Glomerulonephritis (GN): Koinei te wā ka mumura ai ngā wāhanga tātari iti i roto i ngā whatukuhu.

He aha ngā whakamātautau me ngā tikanga e mahia ana e te nephrologist?

He aha ngā whakamātautau me ngā tikanga e whakamahia ana e te tākuta niho hei tātaritanga me te rongoā i ngā mate?

• Ngā whakamātautau whakaahua maha: Kei roto i ēnei ko ngā hihi-X, ngā karapa CT, me ngā ultrasound. Ka āwhina ēnei ki te kite i te āhua, te rahi, me te aroaro o ngā pukupuku i roto i ngā whatukuhu.
• Ngā Whakamātautau Mahi a ōu Whatukuhu: He whakamātautau ēnei e whakaatu ana i te pai o te mahi a ō whatukuhu. Kei roto i ēnei ko ngā whakamātautau toto me ngā whakamātautau mimi.
• Dialysis: E ai ki tā mātou i kōrero ai i mua ake nei, ki te kore ō whatukuhu e mahi tika, ka taea e te mīhini dialysis te mahi māu. Kei roto i tēnei ko te mīhini e tango ana i ō toto, e tātari ana i ngā para me ngā wai taikaha, kātahi ka whakahokia te toto kua horoia ki tō tinana.
• Kohikohi i te whatukuhu: I tēnei mahi, ka tangohia e te tākuta whatukuhu tētahi wahi kiko iti rawa mai i tō whatukuhu ka tukuna ki te taiwhanga. He tino āwhina tēnei mō te tautuhi i te mate whatukuhu.
• Te Tiaki i te Whakatō Whatukuhu: Ina whiwhi koe i te whakawhitinga whatukuhu, ka whakanohoia e te taote whakawhitinga he whatukuhu hauora (mai i te kaituku) ki roto i tō hope. I te nuinga o te wā, ka noho tonu tō whatukuhu e ngoikore ana ki roto i tō tinana. Ka mahi tahi te taote whatukuhu me tō taote pokanga hei āwhina i a koe ki te whakarite mō te pokanga, me te whakarato i te tiaki e hiahiatia ana e koe i a koe e ora ana.

He aha te rerekētanga i waenga i te tohunga roro me te tohunga mimi?

He mea tēnei e pōhēhē ana i te tini o te tangata. He aha te rerekētanga i waenga i te tohunga whatukuhu me te tohunga mimi? Ka puta tēnei pōhēhētanga nā te mea he āhua hono te mahi a ngā mea e rua.

He māmā noa iho, he tohunga nephrologist ki ngā āhuatanga e pā ana ki ngā whatukuhu.Mena he raruraru tāu e pā ana ki ō whatukuhu, ki te mahi rānei a ō whatukuhu, ko te tākuta pai rawa atu māu ko te tohunga roro.

He tākuta te tākuta mimi e tātaritanga ana, e rongoā ana hoki i ngā mate e pā ana ki te pūnaha mimi. Kei roto i tō pūnaha mimi tō pūkahukahu, te urethra, ngā ureter, me ngā whatukuhu. He tohunga anō hoki rātou ki ngā tohu, ngā āhuatanga, me ngā maimoatanga o ngā pūnaha whakaputa uri tāne me te wahine. Mena he raruraru tō pūnaha mimi, tō pūnaha whakaputa uri rānei, me toro atu koe ki tētahi tākuta mimi.

Ko tētahi atu rerekētanga nui ko te whakangungu pokanga a ngā tākuta mimi. Ka mahi noa rātou i ngā raruraru tākihi ina hiahiatia he pokanga, pērā i te mate pukupuku tākihi, i ngā kōhatu tākihi rānei. Kāore ngā tākuta roro e mahi pokanga. Ka rongoatia e rātou ngā tākihi mā te whakamahi i ngā rongoā me ētahi atu tikanga.

Āhea ahau me toro atu ki tētahi tohunga nephrologist?

Āe, kei te whakaaro pea koe, 'Āhea ahau me toro atu ki tētahi tohunga whatukuhu?' Mena kei a koe ētahi o ngā tohu o te mate whatukuhu, me toro atu koe ki tētahi tohunga whatukuhu. Anei ētahi o ngā tohu:

• Hītori Whānau Tuturu mō te Mate Tākihi: Mena kua pāngia tētahi o ō whanaunga toto e te mate tākihi, he nui ake tō tūponotanga. Ka taea e te tākuta whatukuhu te āwhina i te ārai i te mate tākihi, te kimi me te rongoā wawe rānei.
• Mate huka: Ka taea e te mate huka te kino i ngā whatukuhu. Mena he mate huka tōu, he nui ake te tūponotanga ka pāngia koe e te ngoikore o te whatukuhu.
• Te Toto Toto Nui: Ka taea hoki e te toto toto tiketike te kino i ngā whatukuhu. E mōhio ana koe, ka whakamahia e ngā whatukuhu ngā uaua toto hei tātari i te toto. Ina piki te pēhanga, ka heke te ngāwari o ēnei uaua toto, ka whakaiti i te nui o te toto me te hāora e tae atu ana ki ngā whatukuhu. Ka arahi pea tēnei ki te ngoikore o te whatukuhu.
• Ngā panonitanga o te mimi: Ki te kite koe i ētahi panonitanga o tō mimi, o ō tikanga mimi rānei, he tohu pea tēnei nō te mate tākihi. Hei tauira, me mimi pinepine koe, me iti ake te mimi, me puta he huka i roto i tō mimi, he pouri rānei te tae o tō mimi.
• Kohu Roro: He tohu anō hoki tēnei mō te mate tākihi. Ehara i te mate hauora, engari ka whakamahia e ngā tākuta tēnei kupu hei whakaahua i ngā mea pēnei i te puhoi o te whakaaro me te ahua o te mea kei te pōhēhē koe. Ki te kite koe kei te pōhēhē koe, kei te wareware koe, kei te uaua rānei te arotahi, kia tūpato hoki ki tēnā.

He aha te mea ka tupu i te rā tuatahi o te toro atu ki te taote niho?

He aha ngā mea ka tupu i te rā tuatahi ina haere koe ki te kite i tētahi tohunga roro? Anei ngā mea e tupu ana i te nuinga o te wā:

• NāuE tirotiro ana i ngā pūkete hauora tawhito katoa.
• Te pātai atu mō ō tohumate .
• Ka whakahaerehia he whakamātautau tinana .
• Ka whakaritea ngā mahi pēnei i te whakamātautau toto, te whakamātautau mimi, me ngā whakamātautau whakaahua .

Me pēhea te whakarite mō te haerenga ki te nephrologist?

He mea tino nui kia rite koe mō tō rā tuatahi ki te toro atu ki tētahi tohunga roro. Anei ētahi mea ka taea e koe te mahi:

• Mena he puka e tonoa ana kia whakakīia e koe i mua i te haerenga ki te tākuta, whakakīia.
• Tuhia ētahi pātai e whakaaro ana koe he mea nui hei kōrero māu ki te tākuta, ā, mauria atu ki roto i tētahi "Rārangi Pātai" .
• Mena kua puta he panonitanga ki tō hauora i ngā wā tata nei, kia maumahara ki aua panonitanga.
• Puritia ō tohumate katoa ki roto i tētahi "Rātaka Tohumate". Tuhia ngā mea pēnei i te rā i tīmata ai ngā tohumate, te wā, me te roa o te wā e pāngia ana.
• Kia mōhio ki tō hītori hauora whānau . Mā ēnei mōhiohio ka āwhina tō tākuta ki te tautuhi i te mate.
• Kākahuhia ngā kākahu whakamarie, ngāwari ki te mau . Ngā mea pēnei i ngā T-hāte, ngā hāte, ngā remu, me ngā tarau.
• Tuhia he rārangi o ngā pokanga kua mahia ki a koe .
• Mena kei a koe ngā hua whakamātautau a ētahi atu tākuta, mauria atu ētahi tārua o aua hua.
• Tangohia ngā ingoa me ngā nama waea o tō tākuta tiaki tuatahi me ētahi atu tākuta e kite pinepine ana koe .
• Ki te mea kei te tirotiro koe i tō pēhanga toto i te kāinga, mauria mai tō taputapu aroturuki pēhanga toto .
• Puritia he rārangi o ngā rongoā katoa e tangohia ana e koe i tēnei wā . Tāpirihia ngā rongoā kua tohua e te tākuta, ngā rongoā ka taea te hoko kore utu, ngā huaora, me ngā tāpiringa.
• Kawea atu ō kāri inihua .
• Ki te taea, kawea mai he hoa, he mema rānei o te whānau. Ka taea e rātou te tuhi tuhipoka, te āwhina i a koe ki te pātai, te whakamahara i a koe ki ngā kōrero a te tākuta, me te āwhina i a koe ki te whakarite i ngā whakamātautau.
• Pātai atu hoki mō ngā wā whakarite whai muri .

Hei whakamutunga, ngā mea hei maumahara

Nō reira, mai i ngā mea kua kōrerohia e tātou i tēnei rā, ko tāku tumanako kei a koe te whakaaro pai mō te tohunga whatukuhu, ā rātou mahi, me te wā me toro atu koe ki a rātou. He okana puku ngā whatukuhu, engari he tino nui i roto i tō tātou tinana. Koia te mea nui kia tiakina tō hauora whatukuhu.

Mena kei a koe ētahi whakapae mō te mate tākihi, mena kei a koe ngā tohu, mena rānei kei te pāngia tētahi o tō whānau e te mate tākihi, kaua e mangere ki te rapu tohutohu hauora. Mena e tika ana, tirohia he tohunga tākuta whatukuhu. Kei reira rātou hei āwhina i a koe. Mena ka kitea wawetia he mate, he māmā ake te rongoā. Kei roto i ō ringaringa te tiaki i ō tākihi!

Ngā whatukuhu, te tākuta roro, te mate whatukuhu, te dialysis, te pūnaha mimi, te toto toto tiketike, te mate huka