He aha te Kōhao Uma? Kia mārama tātou ki tēnei mea!

Kua whakaarohia e koe he aha kei roto i tō uma, ā, he aha tōna āhua? He uma tō tātou katoa, engari kāore tātou i te mōhio ki te ao whakamiharo o roto, e tika ana? Ko te wāhi nui i roto i te uma ko te mea e kiia nei e tātou ko te 'Thoracic Cavity'. Pērā i te wāhi i roto i tō tātou puku, koinei te tuarua o ngā wāhi nui rawa atu o tō tātou tinana.

He aha te hiranga o te kōhao uma?

He māmā noa iho, he rite tō kōhao uma ki tētahi pouaka haumaru kei roto he maha ngā taonga utu nui . Kei roto i tēnei pouaka ngā okana, ngā kiko, me ngā whekau tino nui o tō uma. Mā ēnei okana me ngā kiko ka āwhina i te nuinga o ngā pūnaha o tō tinana kia mahi tika. Hei tauira:

• Tō pūnaha manawa - arā, ngā mea e pā ana ki te manawa me ngā oko toto.
• Tō pūnaha nakunaku - ngā wāhanga e āwhina ana i a koe ki te nakunaku i te kai.
• Tō pūnaha ārai mate - te pūnaha e tiaki ana i a koe mai i ngā mate.
• Tō pūnaha io - ngā mea e kawe ana, e whiwhi ana hoki i ngā karere mai i te roro.
• Tō pūnaha manawa - ngā mea katoa e pā ana ki tō manawa.

Titiro? He mea tino nui te kōhao uma mō ēnei mea katoa.

He aha ngā whekau kei roto i te kōhao uma?

Āe, kia tirohia tātou he aha ngā whekau kei roto i tēnei kōhao uma. E rima ngā whekau matua:

• Te korokoro: Ka kiia hoki tēnei ko te paipa kai. Ko te wāhanga tēnei o te tinana e kawe ana i te kai e kainga ana e koe mai i tō waha ki tō puku.
• Ngākau: Nō reira, kāore he take e kōrerohia ai tēnei mea. He rite ki tētahi mīhini e pupuhi ana i te toto puta noa i te tinana.
• Ngā pukahukahu: Ina manawa tātou, ka hongi i te hau, ka tangohia te hāora mai i roto, ā, ka tukuna te hauhā waro, he mahi tino whakamiharo tēnā.
• Thymus: He repe tēnei e tino āwhina ana ki te whakapakari i te ārai mate, inā koa i te wā tamarikitanga.
• Te ara o te puku: Ka kiia hoki tēnei ko ngā pūkahukahu . Ka haria te hau e manawahia ana e tātou ki ngā pukahukahu mā roto i tēnei ngongo.

Koinei ngā whekau matua. Kei roto i tēnei kōhao uma ia o rātou e noho haumaru ana kia tika ai te mahi.

Kei hea te kōhao uma?

Kei roto i tō uma tō kōhao uma. Kei roto i ngā wheua me ngā uaua e hanga ana i te pakitara o tō uma. He māmā noa iho, ka tīmata i raro iho i tō kaki, ā, ka toro atu ki te pito o tō rara.

Kia mārama ake, ko ngā rohe o tēnei kōhao uma e whai ake nei:

Rohe o runga

Ka kiia tēnei ko te kōhao matua o te uma.I ētahi wā ka kiia ko te 'putanga o te uma', ko te 'putanga o te uma' rānei. He rite tēnei ki tētahi tatau kei raro i tō kaki. Ko tēnei tatau te wāhi e tūtaki ai tō kaki me tō uma. Ka tomo tō korokoro me tō trachea ki te kōhao uma mā tēnei whakatuwheratanga. Ehara i te mea koinā anake, engari he maha ngā oko toto, ngā io, me ētahi atu hanganga e haere ana mā roto.

Rohe raro

Ko te rohe o raro ko tō diaphragm . He uaua nui, he āhua porowhita. Kei raro noa iho i tō ngākau me ō pukahukahu. Mā tēnei ka wehea te kōhao o tō uma i tō puku. He maha ngā oko toto, ngā io, me ngā kiko e haere ana i waenganui i tō uma me tō puku ka puta mā roto i tēnei diaphragm. Hei tauira, ka puta te aorta, te esophagus, me te io vagus mā roto.

Rohe o mua

Ko te rohe o mua ko tō wheua uma (sternum) . Ka kiia hoki tēnei ko te wheua waenga o tō uma. He wheua roa, poutū tēnei e rere ana i waenganui o tō uma.

Rohe whakamuri

Ko te rohe kei muri ko tō tuaiwi uma . Koinei te wāhanga waenga o tō tuaiwi. Hei whakamārama, ka toro atu i te pito o raro o tō kaki ki te pito o tō rara.

Ngā rohe taha

Ko ngā rohe i ngā taha e rua ko ō rara . Tekau mā rua ō takirua rara. Ka karapoti ēnei i ngā taha e rua o tō tinana, ā, ka tiaki i ngā hanganga i roto i te kōhao o tō uma. He rite ki te whare herehere, tika?

He aha ngā wāhanga o te kōhao uma?

Whakaarohia tō uma hei whare nui, he maha ngā rūma . I roto i tēnei whare e toru ngā 'rūma' matua:

• Te kōhao pleural matau: Kei te taha matau o tō uma tēnei.
• Te kōhao pleural maui: Kei te taha maui o tō uma tēnei.
• Mediastinum: Kei waenganui i tō uma tēnei, i waenganui i ngā kōhao pleural e rua.

Ētahi atu wāhanga o te mediastinum

Kua wehea tō mediastinum ki ngā wāhanga iti ake. Ka tapaina rātou i runga i te wāhi kei roto i te uma. E rua ngā tikanga matua e whakamahia ana e ngā kaipūtaiao hei whakarōpū i tēnei. Ko te tuatahi he tikanga tawhito ake. Ka wehea te mediastinum ki ngā wāhanga e whā:

• Mediastinum teitei: Koinei te wāhanga o runga. Kei runga ake i tō ngākau.
• Mediastinum o mua: Kei mua i tō ngākau tēnei, i waenganui i te ngākau me te sternum.
• Mediastinum waenga: Kei tēnei wāhanga tō ngākau.
• Posterior mediastinum: Kei muri tēnei i tō ngākau.

Kātahi anō ka puta he pūnaha whakarōpūtanga hou e wehewehe ana i te mediastinum kia toru ngā wāhanga, he rerekē ngā ingoa:

• Wāhanga mua-toto: Koinei te wāhanga kei mua i tō ngākau.
• Wāhanga whekau: Koinei te wāhanga o waenganui kei reira tō ngākau.
• Wāhanga paravertebral: Koinei te wāhi kei muri i tō ngākau.

He aha ai ēnei tikanga e rua? Ko te tikanga tawhito e ahu mai ana i ngā whakaahua `(X-ray)` o tō ngākau. Ko te tikanga hou e ahu mai ana i ngā `(whakaahua whakawhiti-wāhanga)`, pērā i te `(matawai CT)`. Nō reira, he tino whai hua tēnei tikanga hou mō ngā kaiwhakarato hauora (arā, ngā tākuta, ngā nēhi) e whakamahi ana i aua whakaahua whakawhiti-wāhanga mō te tātaritanga me te maimoatanga.

He aha atu anō kei roto i te kōhao uma?

Haunga ngā whekau nui i kōrerotia i mua ake nei, he maha atu anō ngā mea nui kei roto i te kōhao uma. Kei roto i ēnei ko ngā uaua toto, ngā io, me ngā kiko honohono. Ko ngā mea matua ko:

• Te plexus esophageal (he whatunga io e karapoti ana i te esophagus)
• Te korokoro (paipa kai)
• kiko ngako
• Te ngākau me te pericardium (te kiriuhi angiangi e karapoti ana i te ngākau)
• Te uaua brachiocephalic maui (he oko toto nui)
• Ngā pūkahukahu me te pleura (te taupoki e karapoti ana i ngā pūkahukahu)
• Ngā kōpū lymph (he wāhanga o te pūnaha ārai mate)
• Ngā kiko ngohengohe paravertebral (ngā kiko ngohengohe i ia taha o te tuaiwi)
• Ngā io phrenic (ngā io e haere ana ki te diaphragm)
• Te pūkahukahu (te oko toto matua e kawe ana i te toto mai i te ngākau ki ngā pukahukahu)
• Te vena cava teitei (he uaua nui e kawe ana i te toto mai i te taha whakarunga o te ringa ki te ngākau)
• Mekameka aroha (wāhanga o te pūnaha io)
• Aorta thoracic (te wāhanga o te aorta e rere ana i roto i te uma)
• Te awa lymphatic o te uma (he awa lymphatic nui)
• Tuarā o te uma (he wāhanga o te tuaiwi e pā ana ki te uma)
• Repe Thymus
• Te trachea me ngā bronchi matua ( ngā bronchi me ngā peka matua e wehe ana i a ia)
• Ngā io vagus (ngā io nui e haere ana ki ngā whekau maha)

Tirohia te maha o ngā mea e uru ana ki tēnei wāhi iti! Ka mahi tahi ēnei mea katoa hei pupuri i te hauora o ō tātou tinana.

He aha te mea e kapi ana i te kōhao uma?

Kei roto i te kōhao o tō uma he kiri angiangi e kiia nei ko te pleura . Ka āwhina tēnei paparanga kiko ki te tiaki i ngā okana me ētahi atu hanganga i roto i te kōhao o te uma. He rite tana mahi ki te arai ki te pakitara.

He aha ngā mate noa ka pā ki te kōhao uma?

Engari, ka taea e ēnei okana me ngā kiko utu nui i roto i te kōhao o tō tātou uma te whakawhanake i ngā momo mate. Anei ētahi o aua mate:

• Te aneurysm aortic (he rite ki te pupuhi i roto i te aorta)
• Te haehae i te pakitara o te aorta (te wehenga o te aorta)
• Te tamponade o te ngākau (te kohikohinga wai i te taha o te ngākau, e pēhi ana i te ngākau)
• Te hinga o te pūkahukahu / te pūkahukahu (nā te hau e whakakī ana i ngā pūkahukahu)
• Matepukupuku pūkahukahu
• Te mate ngakau me te mate ngakau whānau
• Ngā puranga mediastinum (ngā puranga ka puta ki te mediastinum)
• Te rerenga wai i roto i te kiriuhi e karapoti ana i te ngākau (te kohi wai i roto i te kiriuhi e karapoti ana i te ngākau)
• Pleurisy (te pupuhi/te mate pukupuku o te kiriuhi pleural)

Mena ka puta mai ēnei āhuatanga , he mea nui kia rapu tohutohu hauora tonu.

He aha ngā whakamātautau e whakamahia whānuitia ana hei tirotiro i te hauora o te uma?

Tērā pea ka whakahaerehia e tō tākuta ngā whakamātautau maha hei tirotiro i te hauora o ngā whekau me ngā kiko i roto i te kōhao o tō uma. Ko ētahi o ēnei ko:

• Pūkahukahu: He tikanga e tukuna ana he kāmera iti mā te trachea hei tirotiro i roto i ngā pukahukahu.
• X-ray o te uma: Kua rongo pea koe i tēnei. He pikitia o te uma.
• Matawai tomography rorohiko (CT): Ka taea e tēnei te tango whakaahua whakawhiti-wāhanga o te tinana, ā, ka kitea atu i roto i ngā taipitopito.
• Mediastinoscopy: He pokanga iti hei tirotiro i te mediastinum.
• Thoracoscopy: He whakamātautau mā te whakamahi i tētahi kāmera hei tirotiro i roto i te kōhao o te uma.

Mā ēnei whakamātautau ka taea e ngā tākuta te mōhio tika mēnā he mate kei roto, mēnā rānei kei te pai ngā mea katoa.

He aha tā tātou e taea ai te mahi hei pupuri i te hauora o tō tātou uma?

Āe, nā te mea kua roa tātou e kōrero ana mō tēnei, kua mārama pea koe ki te hiranga o te pupuri i te hauora o te uma. Nō reira, he iti noa ngā mea ka taea e tātou te mahi mō tēnei. Koinei ngā karere nui hei kawe māu :

• Kaua e momi hikareti, e hikareti hiko, e whakamahi rānei i tētahi hua tupeka. Koinei ngā hoariri nui o ō pūkahukahu me tō ngākau.
• Whakakorikori tinana i ia wā, i ia wā.Ngāna kia 150 meneti te iti rawa o te whakakori tinana kaha-waenga ia wiki. Ahakoa te hikoi, te oma, te eke pahikara rānei, he pai tonu.
• Whaia he kai hauora mō te ngākau. Ko te tikanga me whakawhāiti i ngā kai he nui te ngako kukū, te konutai, me te huka. Kai atu i ngā hua rākau, huawhenua, pīni, me ngā witi katoa.
• Me haere koe ki ngā tirotiro hauora ā-tau. He mea nui kia kite i te tākuta, kia kōrero mō tō hauora, kia whiwhi hoki i ngā whakamātautau e tika ana. Pērā ai, mēnā he raruraru, ka taea e koe te tautuhi wawe.

Kia maumahara, ko te kōhao o tō uma te wāhi e mahi ai tētahi wāhanga tino nui o te mahi a tō tinana. Mā te mōhio ki tēnei me te ngana ki te pupuri i tōna hauora he āwhina nui ki a koe anō.

Tērā pea kei te hiahia koe ki te Kōhao Uma nā te mea kua pāngia koe e te mate pūkahukahu, te mate ngākau rānei. Tērā pea kei te hiahia noa koe ki te mōhio ki te tinana tangata. Ahakoa te take, ka taea e tō tākuta te kōrero atu ki a koe. Mēnā he mea kāore koe e mārama, kaua e wehi ki te tono whakamārama. Ko te nui ake o tō mōhiotanga mō tō tinana, ko te pai ake o tō tiaki i a ia.

` Te kōhao o te uma, te kōhao o te uma, te ngākau, ngā pukahukahu, te diaphragm, te pūnaha manawa, te hanganga o te tinana