He aha te toto? (Toto) Me kōrero taipitopito tātou mō tēnei!

I mōhio koe he mea tino nui te toto i roto i tō tātou tinana, he rite ki te puna ora, e rere tonu ana, e āwhina ana i ngā mea katoa o roto i tō tinana kia mahi tika? Ahakoa he wai te nuinga o te toto, he matotoru ake i te wai nā te mea kei roto ngā pūtau me ngā pūmua. Hei whakamārama, he mahi nui te toto ki te pupuri i te hauora o ō tātou tinana.

He aha te mea e tupu ana ki te toto?

He tino mīharo te mahi a te toto e rere ana i roto i ō uaua. Whakaarohia te nui o te mahi ka taea e ēnei mea ririki.

• Ka haria e te toto te hāora me ngā matūkai puta noa i tō tinana .
• Ina whara koe i tētahi wāhi, ā, e toto ana, he āwhina ki te whakahaere i te toto mā te hanga i ngā totoka .
• Ka kaha te whawhai a tō tinana ki te tiaki i a ia anō mai i ngā iroriki me ngā huaketo.
• Ka āwhina hoki te toto ki te tango i ngā para kāore e hiahiatia ana e kohikohi ana i roto i te tinana.
• He mea nui anō hoki te toto mō te whakahaere i te pāmahana o tō tinana .

He aha ngā wāhanga o te toto?

Ki te kī ngāwari, e whā ngā wāhanga matua o te toto. He mahi motuhake tā ia wāhanga.

1. Ngā pūtau toto whero

2. Ngā pūtau toto mā

3. Ngā pereti

4. Plasma

Ko ngā pūtau toto whero me te toto toto te nuinga o ō toto. Ina honoa, he iti iho i te 1% o ō toto ngā pūtau toto mā me ngā pereti toto. I ētahi wā ka kiia te ranunga o ēnei e rua ko te 'koti huruhuru'.

He aha ngā toto whero (Erythrocytes)?

Nā, me titiro tātou ki ēnei toto whero, e kiia nei e ngā tākuta, ko "ngā toto whero. " Ko te nuinga o ō toto, tata ki te 45%, he mea hanga mai i ēnei toto whero.

• Ka whiwhi ēnei pūtau i tō rātou tae whero motuhake mai i tētahi pūmua e kiia nei ko te hemoglobin. Ka āwhina tēnei hemoglobin i ngā pūtau whero ki te kawe i te hāora ki ētahi atu pūtau hei pūngao.
• Ko te mea whakamiharo , ka taea e ēnei pūtau whero te neke puku mā roto i ngā capillaries tino rawe, ngā uaua, me ngā uaua toto o tō pūnaha tohanga toto.
• Engari he poto te roa o te ora o ēnei pūtau whero. E 120 ngā rā e ora ai rātou, ā, ka whakakapia ki ngā pūtau hou.

He aha te mea ka pā ki ngā pūtau toto mā (ngā leukocytes)?

He iti iho i te 1% o ō toto ngā toto mā, arā, ngā `(Leukocyte),`. Engari ko rātou ngā hōia matua o tō `(Pūnaha ārai mate).` Ina whakaekea te tinana e te hoariri pērā i te huaketo, te huakita, te pūtau matepukupuku rānei, ko ēnei pūtau toto mā te hunga e tere ana ki te kimi me te whakangaro i a rātou. Ka taea hoki e ngā pūtau toto mā te haere mai i ngā uaua toto ki ngā kiko. E rima ngā momo o ēnei pūtau toto mā:

• Ngā Neutrophil: Ka patu ēnei i ngā huakita me ngā harore, ā, ka tangohia hoki ngā para mai i te ao o waho.
• Ngā pūtau toto toto: Kei roto i ēnei ko ngā pūtau-T, ngā pūtau whakamate tūturu, me ngā pūtau-B. Ka tiaki rātou i ngā mate huaketo, ka hanga hoki i ngā paturopi hei whawhai i ngā mate.
• Ngā Basophil: Ka aro atu ēnei ki ngā mate pāwera.
• Ngā Eosinophil: Ka rapu me te whakangaro i ngā pirinoa me ngā pūtau matepukupuku, ā, ka āwhina i ngā basophil ki ngā urupare mate pāwera.
• Ngā monocyte: Rapua, ā, whakangaromia ngā huaketo, ngā huakita, ngā harore, me ngā protozoa. Ka tangohia hoki e rātou ngā pūtau kua pakaru.

Te mahi a ngā pereti toto (Thrombocytes)

Ki te pakaru tētahi o ō uaua toto, ā, ka tīmata te toto, ko te mea tuatahi ka awhina ko ēnei pereti toto (thrombocytes). Ka hangaia e ngā pereti toto he putunga toto, ka hiritia te uaua toto kua pakaru, ka ārai i te nui o te toto kei turuturu mai i te tinana.

• He iti iho i te 1% o ō toto ēnei, engari he tekau mano ngā pereti toto kei roto i te pata kotahi o ō toto.
• Ko te ingoa "platelets" te mea e mahi ana rātou i roto i te toto. Ko ngā platelets te wāhanga māmā rawa o te toto. He rite te āhua ki ngā pereti, e piri ana ki ngā pakitara o ngā uaua toto, te wāhi e rere ai te plasma me ētahi atu pūtau toto.
• He paninga pūmua piri tō ngā pereti toto , pērā i a Velcro®, ka āwhina i a rātou ki te piri ki ngā oko toto pakaru.

He aha te Plasma?

Kei te rere haere ō toto whero, ō toto mā, me ō pereti toto i roto i te toto toto. He wai kōwhai te toto toto e hanga ana i te 55% o ō toto. He rite te toto toto ki tētahi mea maha-mahi i roto i ō toto, e āwhina ana i tō tinana ki te mahi i ngā mea maha. Anei ētahi mahi a te toto toto toto:

• Ka āwhina i te toto kia totoka, ā, ka tiaki i a ia mai i ngā whakaeke.
• Ka kawe ngā homoni i ngā matūkai me ngā pūmua ki ngā wāhanga rerekē o te tinana, ā, ka āwhina i te whakawhiti hāora me te hauhā waro.
• Ka tangohia e ia ngā para mai i ngā pūtau ka haria ki tō ate, ki ō pukahukahu, me ō whatukuhu hei whakakore.
• Ka pupuri i tō toto toto me te rere o te toto.
• Ka whakahaere i te pāmahana o te tinana mā te mimiti me te tuku i te wera.

He aha ngā momo toto?

Kāore tātou katoa i te rite te momo toto, tika? E whā ngā momo toto matua. He rerekē ēnei momo i runga i te mea kei roto i te toto ētahi momo ārai mate. Ko ngā momo ārai mate he matū e whakaoho ana i tō pūnaha ārai mate kia urupare. He mea tino nui te mōhio ki tō momo toto i roto i te āhuatanga ohorere.

Kei hea te toto e puta ai? Kei hea i roto i te tinana?

He mea e rere ana te toto puta noa i tō tinana. Engari ka tīmata te hanga o tēnei toto i roto i tō hinu wheua.Kei roto i te hinu wheua tētahi momo pūtau motuhake e kiia nei ko ngā pūtau take. Ka puta mai i ēnei pūtau take he tiriona pūtau, tae atu ki ngā pūtau toto. Ka tipu, ka pakeke hoki ngā pūtau toto i roto i te hinu wheua i mua i te kohikohinga ki roto i ngā oko toto. He mea whakamiharo tēnā? Tata ki te 8% o te taumaha o tō tinana te toto .

He aha ngā mate e pāngia ai te toto e ngā mate noa ?

Engari, ka taea hoki e ō tātou toto te whakawhanake i ngā momo mate. E toru ngā rōpū matua o ngā mate e pā ana ki te toto: ko ngā mate pukupuku toto, ngā mate e pā ana ki te mahi a te toto (ngā mate toto), me te atherosclerosis, he mate o te pūnaha manawa. O ēnei, ko ngā mate pukupuku toto me ngā mate toto ngā mea e tino pā ana ki te hauora o te toto.

Ngā Matepukupuku Toto

Ka puta te matepukupuku toto ina whakararuraru tetahi mea i te tukanga hanga pūtau toto i roto i tō tinana. I roto i te tangata he matepukupuku toto, ka tupu ngā pūtau toto rerekē, ka panaia ngā pūtau toto hauora, noa. E toru ngā momo matua o te matepukupuku toto:

• Leukemia: Koinei te momo matepukupuku toto tino noa.
• Lymphoma: He mate pukupuku tēnei o tō pūnaha lymphatic. Ko tō hinu wheua, e hanga ana i ngā pūtau toto, he wāhanga anō hoki o te pūnaha lymphatic.
• Myeloma: Ka tīmata tēnei i roto i te hinu wheua, ā, ka pā ki ō pūtau plasma.

Ētahi atu mate toto

Ehara ēnei i te mate pukupuku, engari ka taea e ēnei te take e kore ai e mahi tika ngā wāhanga o tō toto. Kei roto i ēnei ko te anemia, ngā mate toto totoka, me ngā mate toto.

Kāore pea ētahi mate toto e whakaatu i ngā tohu, ā, kāore pea e hiahiatia he rongoā. Ko ētahi he mate "mau tonu" mō te wā katoa e hiahia ana ki te rongoā, engari kāore e pā ki te roanga o te oranga. Heoi, he tino kino ētahi mate toto, ā, ka taea te whakararu i te ora.

Ka rongoāhia e ngā tākuta ēnei mate toto mā te whakahaere i ngā tohu me te rongoā i te pūtake.

Ngā mate toto iti

Ko te mate toto kore-matepukupuku te mate toto tino noa, ehara i te matepukupuku. Ka puta mai ina kore e ranea ngā toto toto whero hauora i roto i tō tinana. Tērā pea he mate toto kore-mate kei roto i ō rātou whānau, engari ka taea hoki te whanake i roto i ō rātou oranga. He maha ngā momo mate toto kore-matepukupuku. Ko ētahi o ngā mea tino noa ko:

• Te mate toto ngoikore o te rino
• Te mate toto kino
• Te mate toto pūtau hāripiri

Ngā Mate Pupuhi Toto

Ka pāngia ō pereti toto, ō pūmua toto rānei e te mate toto toto. Ko ngā pūmua toto toto he pūmua i roto i ō toto e āwhina ana i ngā pereti toto ki te whakahaere i te toto. Ka pāngia pea koe e te mate toto toto toto i muri mai i te oranga, ka taea rānei e koe te tuku iho mā te hapa ira.

Ko te whakarerekētanga ira prothrombin me te mate Factor V Leiden he tauira o ngā mate toto toto tuku iho. Ko te mate Antiphospholipid (APS) me te disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) he tauira o ngā mate toto toto ka puta i muri mai.

Ngā Mate Toto

Ka puta ngā mate toto ina kore e totoka tō toto i te tikanga. Ka taea e tēnei te meinga kia nui ake tō toto i te tikanga. Ko te mate Von Willebrand te mate toto tino noa i te United States. Ko te Hemophilia tētahi atu mate onge, he mate tuku iho.

He taonga tino nui tō toto. Ka tiaki tonu i tō tinana, ka āwhina i ngā mea katoa kia mahi tika.

Ko te mea tino nui ka taea e tātou te ako mai i ēnei mea katoa (Karere hei tango i te kāinga)

He tino mīharo tō toto, kāore? Ka haria e ia te hāora ki ō pūtau hei hanga pūngao. Ka tiakina tō tinana mai i ngā hoariri o waho. Ka whakahaere i te toto mēnā ka whara koe. Ka taea e koe te tiaki i tō toto, engari i ētahi wā kāore e taea e koe te karo i ngā mate e pā ana ki te toto. Waimarie, ka taea e ngā tākuta o ēnei rā te rongoā i ngā mate toto kino maha, tae atu ki te leukemia me ētahi atu mate toto. Nō reira, ki te kite koe i ētahi huringa i roto i tō toto, i ētahi tohu rerekē rānei, he pai ake te rapu tohutohu hauora tonu. Kia noho ora ai, he mea nui kia mōhio koe ki tēnei wai whakamiharo i roto i ō tātou tinana.

Toto , toto, toto whero, toto mā, pereti toto, plasma, mate toto