E mōhio ana rānei tātou mō ngā karāhe kanohi ā-roto (IOL)?

Kua rongo koe i te mate katarata? Kei te rapu huarahi pea koe ki te kite mārama i te ao me te kore mōhiti. Tērā pea kua kōrero atu tō tākuta kanohi ki a koe mō ngā 'Arotahi Intraocular', ngā 'IOL' rānei. Nō reira, i tēnei rā ka kōrero tātou i roto i tētahi huarahi tino māmā, ngāwari hoki mō ēnei 'IOL', ko wai e hiahia ana ki a rātou, he aha ngā momo kei reira, me pēhea te whiriwhiri i te mea tika mō tātou, me ngā raruraru ka pā mai.

He aha ngā IOL? He aha rātou i hiranga ai ki a tātou?

He whakarāpopototanga noa iho, ko te 'IOL', ko te 'Arotahi Intraocular' rānei, he karāhe hangai tino mārama kua whakatōkia ki roto i tō kanohi, hei whakakapi i tō karāhe tūturu. Whakaarohia, ko te karāhe tūturu i roto i tō tātou kanohi he rite ki te 'arotahi' o te kāmera. I roto i te wā, ka pōuri te karāhe, arā, ko te 'cataract' . Koinā te wā ka whakaurua he 'IOL' hei tango i taua karāhe tūturu pōuri, kia mārama ai anō tō tirohanga. Pērā i tāu mahi ki ō mōhiti, ki ō 'arotahi whakapā' rānei, ka taea e ēnei karāhe 'IOL' te whakatika i ngā hapa tirohanga. Hei tauira:

• Myopia (tiro tata): He tirohanga mārama tēnei ki ngā mea i te taha tata, engari he pōuriuri te āhua o ngā mea i tawhiti.
• Te Tirohanga Tata (Te Tirohanga Whānui, te Tirohanga Matara rānei): Ka mārama te kite i ngā mea i tawhiti, engari kāore i te mārama te kite i ngā mea e tata ana, inā koa ka titiro ki tētahi pukapuka, ki tētahi nūpepa rānei.
• Te matapōkere (te tirohanga tata) i a tātou e pakeke haere ana: He maha ngā tāngata e uaua ana ki te pānui i ngā tuhinga iti i muri i te 40 tau te pakeke.
• Te Astigmatism: Ka puta tēnei i ngā panoni o te āhua o te kanohi, ka marara te mārama, kaua e arotahi ki tētahi wāhi, ka pōuri te tirohanga .

Ka whakatōkia tonutia ēnei karāhe 'IOL' ki roto i te kanohi , arā, ka noho tonu ki tōna tūranga mō te wā katoa i muri i te pokanga. Ka taea e rātou te whakapai ake i tō tirohanga, me te whakaiti i tō whakawhirinaki ki ngā mōhiti mō ngā mahi o ia rā. Ko te tikanga ka whakatōkia ēnei karāhe 'IOL' i te wā o te pokanga katarata .

Ko wai rā te tangata e hiahia ana ki ēnei karaihe IOL?

Ka whai hua pea koe i ngā IOL mēnā kei a koe tētahi o ēnei āhuatanga:

• Mena he katarata tōu, ā, kāore e taea e koe te kite mārama nā ēnei mea: Inaa, he maha ngā tāngata e pokangahia ana te katarata me whai IOL hei whakaora i ō rātou tirohanga.
• Mena kei a koe ētahi atu hapa tirohanga, engari ehara koe i te kaitono pai mō ētahi atu pokanga whakatikatika tirohanga pēnei i te LASIK :I ētahi wā, nā ētahi āhuatanga o te kornea, kāore e taea te whakamahi i te `LASIK`. He otinga pai pea ngā karāhe `IOL` mō ēnei tāngata.

He aha ngā momo karaihe IOL kei reira? Me titiro tātou ki ia momo karaihe.

He maha ngā momo IOL. He painga, he ngoikoretanga hoki tō ia momo. Ko te ngoikoretanga matua o ētahi momo karāhe ko te hiahia tonu ki ngā mōhiti mō ētahi mahi (hei tauira, te pānui pukapuka). Ahakoa ka taea e ētahi atu momo IOL te whakaiti i te hiahia mō ngā mōhiti, ka taea e rātou te whakaputa pānga taha, pērā i te kanapa o ngā rama i te wā e taraiwa ana i te pō. Kei raro nei ētahi o ngā momo matua o ngā IOL. He pai ake te kōrero ki tō tākuta kanohi kia whakatauhia ai te momo karāhe e pai ana mōu. Ka taea e ia te āwhina i a koe ki te whiriwhiri i te karāhe e pai ana mō ō hiahia tirohanga, tō momo noho, me ō manakohanga whaiaro.

1. Ngā karaihe arotahi kotahi

Koinei te momo karāhe e whiriwhiria ana e te nuinga o te tangata. Kotahi anake te kaha arotahi o ngā karāhe 'Monofocal'. Ko te tikanga, kotahi hautoru noa iho o tō tirohanga tawhiti e whakakoi ana i ēnei karāhe, te tirohanga tawhiti waenga (hei tauira, ina titiro ki te rorohiko), te tirohanga tata rānei. He maha ngā tāngata e whiwhi ana i ēnei karāhe 'Monofocal' i hangaia mō te tirohanga tawhiti. He āwhina nui tēnei mō ngā mahi pēnei i te taraiwa. Heoi, ki te tupu tēnā, me whakamahi koe i ngā karāhe mō ngā mahi tirohanga tata, pēnei i te pānui pukapuka, te titiro nūpepa rānei. Mō ētahi tāngata e hiahia ana ki te whakaiti i tō rātou whakawhirinaki ki ngā karāhe, he kōwhiringa pai ngā karāhe ' Monovision' i hangaia mō te 'Monofocal IOL'. I te nuinga o te wā, ka whakatikatikaina ngā karāhe 'Monofocal' e piri ana ki ngā kanohi e rua mō te tawhiti kotahi (hei tauira, mō te tirohanga tawhiti). Engari i roto i te 'Monovision', ka hangaia te karāhe i te kanohi kotahi ki te kaha kotahi, ā, ka hangaia te karāhe i te kanohi kē ki te kaha rerekē . Hei tauira, ka taea e koe te whai karāhe i hangaia mō te tirohanga tawhiti i tō kanohi matau, me te karāhe i hangaia mō te tirohanga tata i tō kanohi maui. I roto i te `Monovision`, ka mahi tahi ō kanohi e rua hei āwhina i a koe ki te kite i ngā mea tawhiti me ngā mea tata. Heoi, he roa te wā e hiahiatia ana kia taunga ai koe ki tēnei. Tērā pea ētahi tāngata kāore e taea te taunga ki te `Monovision`. Nō reira, i mua i te whiriwhiri i ngā karāhe `Monovision IOL`, ka tono pea tō tākuta kia whakamātau koe i ngā `karāhe whakapā Monovision` mō ētahi wiki. Kātahi ka taea e koe te kite mēnā he pai tēnei tikanga māu.

2. Ngā arotahi arotahi maha

Ka taea e ngā karāhe arotahi 'Multifocal' te whakapai ake i tō tirohanga tata me tō tirohanga tawhiti , ā, ka taea hoki te whakaiti i te hiahia mō ngā mōhiti. He rerekē ngā karāhe arotahi 'Monofocal', he maha ngā rohe arotahi o ngā karāhe arotahi 'Multifocal'.Āe. Ka urutau tō roro ki ēnei rohe, ka tīpako i te kaha arotahi e hiahiatia ana mō tētahi mahi (hei tauira, te taraiwa, te pānui pukapuka rānei). Tērā pea ka roa te wā e taunga ai koe ki ēnei karāhe. Engari i roto i te wā, me taea e koe te whakaiti i tō whakawhirinaki ki ngā karāhe pānui. Tērā pea kāore ētahi tāngata e hiahia ki ngā karāhe. Ko tētahi ngoikoretanga o ngā karāhe 'multifocal' ko te kite pea koe i ngā 'mowhiti' me ngā hihi kanapa ('halos') huri noa i ngā rama i ētahi wā, pērā i te taraiwa i te pō.

3. Ngā arotahi hohonu-o-te-arotahi (EDOF)

He rerekē ngā karaihe arotahi 'maha-arotahi', he kotahi te pūwāhi arotahi roa o ngā karaihe arotahi 'EDOF'. Ka whakawhānui ake tēnei i tō whānuitanga tirohanga kua whakatikatikaina me te 'hohonutanga o te arotahi'. Ka hoatu e ēnei karaihe arotahi he tirohanga tawhiti tino pai , ā, ka whakapai ake hoki i te tirohanga waenga (mō ngā mahi pēnei i te whakamahi rorohiko). Heoi anō, me whakamahi tonu pea koe i ngā mōhiti mō ngā mahi tata, pēnei i te pānui pukapuka, nūpepa rānei.

4. Ngā karaihe whakamarie

He rite tonu ēnei karāhe ki ngā karāhe tūturu o ō tātou kanohi. Ko te tikanga, ina titiro koe ki ngā mea e tata ana, e tawhiti ana rānei, ka taea e ēnei karāhe te urutau me te whakarerekē i ō rātou āhua . He kōwhiringa pai anō tēnei hei whakaiti i tō whakawhirinaki ki ngā mōhiti. Heoi, ki te nui te wā e pau ana i a koe ki te pānui pukapuka, ki te "arotahi" rānei ki tētahi mea e tata ana, tera pea ka pai ake te whakamahi i ngā mōhiti.

5. Ngā karaihe toric

Ka āwhina ngā karāhe toric i te hunga e pāngia ana e te astigmatism . Ka whakapai ake ēnei karāhe i te huarahi e pā ai te mārama ki tō retina, ka hoatu he tirohanga koi, mārama ake. Kei te wātea ngā karāhe toric i roto i ngā momo Monofocal, Multifocal, EDOF, Accommodative rānei. Ka whakapai ake i te kounga o te tirohanga. Ka āwhina hoki ngā karāhe toric ki te whakaiti i te kanapa me ngā halo, he raruraru noa ēnei mō te hunga e pāngia ana e te astigmatism.

6. Ngā arotahi ka taea te whakarite mārama (LAL)

He rerekē ngā karāhe karāhe ka taea te whakarite mārama (LAL) i ētahi atu kōwhiringa IOL nā te mea i muri i tō pokanga whakaurunga karāhe , ka whakatikatikahia e tō tākuta kanohi te kaha whakatikatika o ēnei karāhe. Ka mahia tēnei mā roto i tētahi raupapa o ngā tikanga maimoatanga mārama UV, he torutoru ngā rā te wehe. Mā ēnei tikanga ka tata te tohu o tō karāhe ki te tirohanga e hiahiatia ana e koe, ā, ka whakaritea kia rite ki a koe. He karāhe karāhe kotahi-kanohi tonu tēnei, nō reira me hiahia pea koe ki ngā karāhe mō te pānui pukapuka, mō te taraiwa rānei.

7. Ngā karāhe Phakic

Ko te tikanga ka whakauruhia ngā karāhe phakic ki roto i te hunga rangatahi, me te pupuri tonu i te karāhe tūturu o te kanohi tangata.. Ka whakamahia ēnei hei whakatika i te tirohanga tata, inā koa mō te hunga kāore e tika ana mō te pokanga whakaata laser. Ka āwhina tēnei ki te tiaki i tō kaha tūturu ki te arotahi me te urutau. Ka taea e ēnei karāhe te whakarato i te tirohanga mārama mō te wā roa ki ngā rangatahi, ahakoa me tango atu mō te pokanga katarata ā muri ake nei.

Me pēhea te whiriwhiri i te karaihe IOL tika mōku?

Mā tō tākuta kanohi e whakatau mēnā ka whai hua koe i te pokanga katarata, mēnā rānei ka tika koe mō te pokanga whakawhiti arotahi. Māna e whakamārama ō kōwhiringa, ā, māna koe e āwhina ki te whiriwhiri i te IOL pai rawa atu māu. Māna anō hoki e whakahaere he whakamātautau kanohi katoa hei tirotiro i tō tirohanga me tō hauora kanohi. Māna anō hoki e whakahaere ētahi whakamātautau māmā, kore mamae hei ine i te rahi me te āhua o tō kanohi.

I mua i te kōrero ki tō tākuta kanohi, he mea pai kia whakaarohia e koe ngā mea e matua ana ki a koe mō ō karāhe IOL, me ngā mea kāore e tino nui ana ki a koe.

He āwhina pea māu te pātai atu ki a koe anō i ēnei pātai:

• He raruraru ki ahau te mau mōhiti i ētahi wā? Mena koinā, e hia ngā wā, ā, mō ngā take aha? (hei tauira, i te pō anake? i te wā e pānui pukapuka ana anake?)
• He aha te momo tirohanga e hiahiatia ana e taku mahi/umanga? He raruraru kei ahau ki te mau mōhiti mō tēnei mahi? (Whakaarohia mēnā ka mahi koe me te rorohiko mō te wā roa.)
• He maha tonu taku taraiwa i te pō? Mena koinā, ka taea e au te taunga ki te kite i te kanapa me ngā porowhita huri noa i ngā rama i a au e taraiwa ana?
• He aha ngā mahi whakangahau me ngā mahi e tino pārekareka ana ki ahau? Kia pēhea te nui o taku whakawhirinaki ki ngā mōhiti mō ēnei mahi? (Hei tauira, ki te pai koe ki te tuitui, he mea tino nui te tirohanga tata.)
• He aha taku tahua mō te pokanga?

Ahakoa he maha ngā mahere inihua e kapi ana i ngā karaihe 'Monofocal', me utu pea koe i tō ake putea mō ētahi atu momo. Nō reira, kia mōhio koe ki ngā utu tika mō ngā momo karaihe 'IOL' rerekē i mua i te whakatau whakamutunga.

He aha ngā raruraru me ngā uauatanga ka puta i te wā e whakauruhia ana te IOL?

He onge te nuinga o ngā raruraru IOL, engari he mea pai kia mōhio koe ki ēnei. Anei ētahi:

• Te mākūkū o te karu o muri: Ka kiia tēnei ko te katarata tuarua.Koinei te wā e puta ai he paparanga rauemi i muri i te karāhe kua whakatōkia, i ngā marama, i ngā tau rānei i muri i te pokanga. He tukanga noa tēnei i muri i te pokanga, ā, he mea ka taea e te katoa te tumanako i roto i te wā. He tino tere, he māmā hoki te rongoā i tēnei, ā, ka mahia i te tari mā te whakamahi i te "reera".
• Te nekenga o te IOL: Koinei te wā e neke atu ai tō IOL i tōna tūranga noa. He nui ake tō mōrearea mēnā he mate kanohi tōu, pērā i te pseudoexfoliation syndrome, mēnā rānei kua whara tō kanohi, kua pokanga kanohi rānei i mua. Ka taea hoki e ētahi mate ira , pērā i te Ehlers-Danlos syndrome me te Marfan syndrome, te whakanui ake i tō mōrearea. I ētahi wā, me pokanga pea hei whakatikatika, hei whakakapi rānei i te IOL.
• Te mate Uveitis-glaucoma-hyphema (UGH): Ka puta te mate UGH ina whakapataritari te IOL i tō iris me ētahi atu wāhanga o tō kanohi. Ka pupuhi pea i roto, ka piki ake te pēhanga o roto o te kanohi, me ētahi atu tohu. Pērā i te nekehanga o te IOL, me pokanga pea hei whakatikatika i te IOL, hei whakauru rānei i tētahi mea hou. He raruraru tino onge tēnei kāore e pā ki te nuinga o te tangata i te wā pokanga noa.
• Te whakapōuri o te IOL: Koinei te wā ka pōuriuri ai tō karāhe IOL. Tērā pea ka ngoikore te tirohanga, ā, ka kite pea koe i te kanapa huri noa i ngā rama. Ko te maimoatanga he pokanga hei tāpiri i tētahi IOL hou. He tino onge tēnei i ngā IOL o ēnei rā.
• Te panonitanga tirohanga ohorere ('Ohorere tirohanga'): Ko te 'ohorere tirohanga' ko te wā kāore tō tirohanga i te koi pērā i tā kōrua ko tō tākuta kanohi i tumanako ai i muri i te whakaurunga o te 'IOL'. Ka tūtohu tō tākuta kanohi i ētahi otinga. Ka taea e koe te whakaae ki tō tirohanga e tū ana, ā, kāore he mahi atu. Ka taea rānei e koe te mau mōhiti, te mahi pokanga whakatikatika tirohanga 'laser' pērā i te 'LASIK' me te 'PRK' rānei, te mahi pokanga whakawhiti arotahi 'IOL' rānei.

I mua i tō whakatau ki te whakauru i ngā IOL, kōrero ki tō tākuta kanohi mō ngā raruraru pea me te taumata mōrearea. Māna koe e kī atu ki ngā mea hei tumanakohia i runga i tō hītori hauora, te hauora o ngā kanohi, me ētahi atu āhuatanga. Pātai atu hoki mō ngā pānga taha e pā ana ki te pokanga katarata, te pokanga whakakapinga karaihe kanohi rānei. He mea nui kia whiwhi koe i ngā mōhiohio katoa e hiahiatia ana e koe hei whakatau tika māu.

Hei whakamutunga, ngā mea hei maumahara

He hangarau whakamiharo ngā karāhe kanohi-roto (IOL) e āwhina ana i te tini o te tangata kia kite i te ao mārama ake i mua. I te whanaketanga o te hangarau, he maha atu ngā painga o ngā IOL, me te iti ake o ngā ngoikoretanga. I a koe e whiriwhiri ana i tō IOL, he mea āwhina te hanga i tētahi rārangi o ō kaupapa matua (ngā āhuatanga e tino nui ana ki a koe). Tuhia hoki ngā mea "he pai ki te whai, engari ehara i te mea nui." Tohaina ēnei mōhiohio ki tō tākuta kanohi. Kātahi, ka taea e kōrua te whakatau tahi i te whakatau pai rawa atu. Kia mahara, ko ō kanohi ēnei, ko tō tirohanga. Nō reira, ko tō tika ki te whiriwhiri i te mea e pai ana mōu.

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` IOL, Ngā Arotahi Mata, Cataract, Whakatikatika Tirohanga, Pokanga Kanohi, Monofocal, Multifocal, Toric