I mōhio koe ki ēnei kōrero mō ōu pūkahukahu? Me kōrero tāua! - Nirogi Lanka

Kua mutu kē koe ki te whakaaro mō te mīharo o te mahi ngāwari o te manawa? Ahakoa he āhua tūturu tēnei, he kōrero whakamīharo kei muri i ia manawa, e ārahihia ana e tētahi o ngā okana tino nui o tō tinana: ko ōu pūkahukahu. Kia tūhuratia ngātahitia ōu pūkahukahu ki konei i Nirogi Lanka. Ka whakamāramahia e tātou te āhua o tā rātou mahi, ngā āhuatanga noa e pā ana ki a rātou, me pēhea te tiaki pai i a rātou i roto i ngā kupu māmā, ngāwari hoki ki te mārama.

He aha ō pūkahukahu?

I roto i ngā kupu māmā noa iho, ko ō pūkahukahu ngā okana matua e rua e kawenga ana mō tō manawa. Koinei te uho o tō pūnaha manawa — te whatunga whakamiharo e kukume ana i te hau ki roto i tō tinana, e mimiti ana i te hāora e hiahiatia ana e koe, ā, e whakakore ana i ngā hau para kāore e hiahiatia ana e koe.

E rua ō pūkahukahu, kei te taha maui me te taha matau o tō uma. Kei roto i tō uma—te rohe i waenganui i tō kaki me tō puku—ēnei whekau, e tiakina ana e te kiriuhi angiangi, pahekeheke e kiia nei ko te pleura . Ka taea e koe te whakaaro he rite ki te uhi tiaki mō te pukapuka.

Te Pūkahukahu Mauī me te Pūkahukahu Matau – He Takirua Hihiri

Ahakoa te āhua ōrite o ō pūkahukahu, he āhuatanga ahurei tō ia tangata, tō ia tangata.

• Pūkahukahu Matau: E toru ngā wāhanga o tēnei, arā, ko te pūkahukahu o runga, te pūkahukahu o waenganui, me te pūkahukahu o raro. He poto ake engari he whānui ake i tō pūkahukahu maui.
• Pūkahukahu Mauī:E rua noa ngā wāhanga o tēnei: ​​te pūkahukahu o runga me te pūkahukahu o raro. Kua whakaaro koe he aha te iti o te pūkahukahu maui? Hei hanga wāhi mō tō ngākau , e tū paku ana ki te taha maui. Kei te pūkahukahu maui he kōhao motuhake e kiia nei ko te cardiac notch hei whakauru i a ia. Hei tāpiri, he kohao iti, rite ki te arero kei te pūkahukahu maui i roto i tōna pūkahukahu o runga e mōhiotia ana ko te lingula , he āhuatanga kāore i kitea i roto i te pūkahukahu matau.

He aha te mahi matua a ōu pukahukahu?

Ko te mahi matua a ō pūkahukahu he whakarato i te hāora e hiahiatia ana e tō tinana, me te tango atu i te hauhā waro para. E 12 ki te 20 ngā wā ka puta i te meneti tēnei tukanga, ahakoa kei te okioki koe. Whakaarohia—kāore tēnei mahi nui e mutu, ahakoa kei te moe koe!

Te Haerenga Whakamiharo o te Manawa

Ina manawa koe mā roto i tō ihu, mā roto rānei i tō waha, ka haere tuatahi te hau ki te tuarongo o tō korokoro, e mōhiotia ana ko te pharynx. Kātahi ka haere mā roto i te larynx (tō pouaka reo) ka tomo ki te trachea (tō puku manawa).

Ka peka te trachea ki te āhua-Y hei ngongo e kiia nei ko ngā ngongo bronchial, me te ngongo kotahi e anga atu ana ki ia pukahukahu. Kia pai ai te mahi a ō pukahukahu, me noho mārama ēnei ara manawa, kia kore hoki he mumura, he pupū rānei.

Ka peka atu ēnei ngongo pūkahukahu ki ngā ara manawa iti ake e kiia nei ko ngā pūkahukahu, ka wehea hoki ki ngā manga iti ake e mōhiotia ana ko ngā pūkahukahu . Ka mutu ēnei ki ngā tautau iti, rite ki te karepe, o ngā pēke hau e kiia nei ko ngā alveoli .

Ka tomo te hāora, ka puta te hauhā waro!

Koinei te wāhi e tupu ai te makutu: i roto i ngā alveoli. Ka tukuna te hāora mai i te hau e manawahia ana e koe mā roto i ēnei pēke ki roto i ō toto. Kātahi ka haere tēnei toto whai hāora ki te ngākau, ka panaia puta noa i tō tinana hei whāngai i ō pūtau.

I te mahi a ō pūtau, ka whakaputahia e rātou te hauhā waro hei para. Ka hoki tēnei hauhā waro ki te toto ka hoki ki ō pukahukahu. Ina whakapūha koe, ka tangohia e koe tēnei para i roto i tō tinana.

Ngā Kaitiaki Tiaki o ō Pūkahukahu

He tino whai hua tō pūnaha manawa ki te pupuri i ngā mea kino kia kore e uru ki roto i ō pukahukahu:

• Ngā Huruhuru Ihu: He tātari taiao ēnei, e hopu ana i ngā puehu nunui me ngā mea tauhou i mua i te urunga ki roto i ō pukahukahu.
• Te Hupe i roto i te Huarahi Ārai: Mā tēnei ka noho makuku ō arai, ka mau hoki te puehu me ngā huakita .
• Cilia: Ko ēnei hanganga ririki, rite ki te huruhuru, he rite ki te puruma, e pupuhi ana i ngā matūriki kua mau ki runga kia taea ai e koe te maremare, te tango atu rānei i aua matūriki. Ko tētahi o ngā mōrearea o te momi hikareti ko te kino o ēnei cilia, ka nui ake te mōrearea o te mate pūkahukahu.

Ngā Mea Whakamīharo mō ō Pūkahukahu!

Anei ētahi mea whakamiharo kāore pea koe i te mōhio:

• Ka taea e koe te ora me te tango i tētahi wāhanga anake o te pukahukahu, i ētahi wā rānei, kotahi noa te pukahukahu e tangohia ana.
• Ko ngā pūkahukahu anake te okana o te tinana tangata e āhei ana ki te rere i runga i te wai!
• Mā te whakakori tinana auau ka āwhina i te whakanui ake i te kaha o tō pukahukahu—te nui o te hau ka taea e ō pukahukahu te pupuri.
• Kei roto i ngā pukahukahu o te pakeke te 300 ki te 500 miriona alveoli. He tino uaua ki te mārama!

Kei hea ō pūkahukahu, ā, he aha te āhua?

Kei roto i te kōhao uma ōu pūkahukahu, e tau ana i runga i te diaphragm , he uaua nui e tika ana mō te manawa.

Ko ngā pūkahukahu hauora he hina māwhero te tae. Mēnā kua kite koe i ngā whakaahua e whakataurite ana i ngā pūkahukahu o te kaipaipa me te kore kaipaipa, tera pea ka kite koe he hina pouri te āhua o ngā pūkahukahu kua pakaru, he pango rānei ngā ira. He tapatoru te āhua o ēnei pūkahukahu, he rite tonu ki ngā taringa o te arewhana.

Tata ki te kotahi kirokaramu te taumaha o te pukahukahu pakeke. Ina manawa noa, e 9 inihi te roa, ā, e whānui ana ki te tata ki te 10.5 inihi i te manawa hōhonu.

He aha ngā āhuatanga noa e pā ana ki ō tātou pukahukahu?

Engari, ka pāngia ō tātou pūkahukahu e ngā mate maha. Ko ētahi he iti noa iho, ā, ka tere te memeha, ko ētahi he nui ake te kino, ā, me whakahaere pea mō te wā roa. Anei ētahi raruraru manawa e kitea whānuitia ana:

• Asbestosis: Te whara o te pukahukahu me te kiko pleural i puta mai i te hongi i ngā muka asbestos.
• Te mate huango: He āhuatanga e whaiti ai ō ara manawa, ka uaua ai te manawa .
• Bronchiectasis: Te mumura o ō ara manawa (bronchi) e puta ai te maremare tonu me te hūpē me te uaua ki te manawa.
• Bronchitis: Ka tohuhia e te mare; he mate 'Pōuri' tēnei ka memeha haere, he mate 'Maumau' rānei mō te wā roa.
• COPD (Mate Pūkahukahu Ārai Mau Tonu): He mate pūkahukahu e ahu whakamua ana, e kore e taea te whakaora, e uaua ai te manawa.
• COVID-19: He mate huaketo ka pā mai he mate manawa mai i te ngawari ki te kino.
• Croup: He mate manawa e kitea nuitia ana i roto i ngā tamariki kei raro iho i te 5 tau te pakeke.
• Te Pūkahukahu Pūkahukahu: He mate tuku iho e kohia ai te hūpē matotoru, piri ki roto i ngā pukahukahu me ētahi atu whekau.
• Rewharewha: He mate pūkahukahu huaketo e mōhiotia whānuitia ana ko te rewharewha.
• Matepukupuku Pūkahukahu: Ko te kai tupeka te tino take mōrearea o tēnei mate.
• Mesothelioma: He momo mate pukupuku motuhake e puta mai ana i te manawa o ngā muka asbestos.
• Pneumonia: He mate pūkahukahu ka puta ai he wai i roto i ngā pūkahukahu, ā, he maha ngā wā ka hiahiatia he kawe ki te hōhipera.
• Pūkahukahu Pūkahukahu: He whara kore e taea te whakaora i ngā pukahukahu ka hua ake he uauatanga nui ki te manawa.
• Ngā Pūkahukahu: He tipu i roto i ngā pūkahukahu; he maha ngā wā he 'Pai' ēnei (ehara i te matepukupuku).
• RSV (Huaketo Manawa Syncytial): He mate manawa e pā ana ki ngā tamariki nohinohi me ngā pakeke.
• Te mate kohi: Ka pāngia ngā pukahukahu e te mate kohi, engari ka pā anō hoki ki ētahi atu wāhanga o te tinana.

He aha ngā tohu o te mate pūkahukahu, ā, me pēhea te mohio ki a rātou?

Mena he mate pūkahukahu tōu, ka kitea pea ēnei tohu e whai ake nei:

• Te poto o te manawa (dyspnea): Te āhua kāore e taea e koe te tiki hau e ranea ana, ahakoa he iti noa te mahi tinana.
• Mamae o te uma: Te mamae o te uma ina manawa koe, ina maremare rānei.
• Maremare: Ina koa he maremare pumau, he maremare rānei e puta ai te toto.
• Ngenge: Te ahua ngenge, te ngoikore rānei i te āhua rerekē.
• Wheezing: He tangi whiowhio teitei ina manawa koe.
• Te pupuhi i ō pona me ō waewae.

He mea nui: Mena kei te pāngia koe e ēnei tohu, me toro atu ki te tākuta tonu. Mā te tātaritanga wawe e te tīma o Nirogi Lanka ka pai ake ngā putanga o tō maimoatanga.

He aha ngā whakamātautau e whakamahia ana hei tirotiro mēnā kei te hauora ōu pukahukahu?

Ina toro atu koe ki te tākuta, ka aromatawaihia e rātou tō āhua mā te whakamātautau tinana me ētahi atu taputapu tātaritanga.

Tō whakamātautau tinana

• Mā tō tākuta e whakarongo ki ō pukahukahu mā te whakamahi i tētahi stethoscope hei rongo i ngā oro rerekē pērā i te 'Crackles/Rales' (ngā oro pakū), te 'Wheezing' (te whiowhio), te 'Stridor' rānei (te manawa teitei).
• Ka tatau rātou i ō manawa (e hia ngā wā ka manawa koe i ia meneti).
• Tērā pea ka whakarongo rātou ki ō pukahukahu i a koe e kōrero ana hei tirotiro mō ngā rerekētanga o te reo.
• Ine Pūoro: He taputapu iti e piri ana ki tō maihao hei ine i ngā taumata hāora i roto i tō toto.

Haunga te whakamātautau tinana, ka taea e tō tākuta te tono i ētahi atu tātaritanga.

Ngā Whakamātautau Whakaahua

Mā ēnei whakamātautau ka taea e tō tākuta te tiro i te roto o ōu pukahukahu.

• X-ray o te uma
• Matawai CT (Tomography Rorohiko)
• Ultrasound
• Matawai MRI (Whakaahua Āhua Aukume)

Ngā Whakamātautau Mahi a te Pūkahukahu

Ka ine ēnei whakamātautau i te pai o te mahi a ō pūkahukahu, te nui o te hau ka taea e rātou te pupuri, me te whai huatanga o te neke haere o te hau ki roto, ki waho hoki.

• Ine i te Spirometry
• Te Whakamātautau Tinana
• Whakamātautau Horopaki
• Whakamātautau Waikura Hauota i Pupuhitia
• Whakamātautau Rōrahi Pūkahukahu
• Whakamātautau Manawa Methacholine
• Whakamātautau Hīkoi Ono-Meneti

Ngā Tukanga Matatau

I ētahi wā, ka tūtohu pea tō tākuta i tētahi 'Bronchoscopy' hei tiro i ō ara manawa mā te kāmera, i tētahi 'Lung Biopsy' hei tango tauira kiko, i tētahi 'Thoracotomy' rānei (te whakatuwheratanga o te uma). Ko te tikanga ka mahia ēnei i raro i te mate whakamoe.

He aha ngā maimoatanga mō ngā mate pūkahukahu?

Ko ngā mahere maimoatanga e whakawhirinaki katoa ana ki tō mate motuhake me tō hauora whānui. Tērā pea kei roto i tō mahere ngā rongoā, ngā mahi whakakori tinana, ngā taputapu hauora motuhake, ngā pokanga rānei.

Ngā rongoā

Ka taea te hoatu i ēnei mā te whakamahi i te inhaler, te nebulizer, te papa waha, te werohanga rānei.

• Ngā steroids: Hei whakaiti i te mumura i roto i ō ara manawa.
• Ngā rongoā paturopi: Hei rongoā i ngā mate kitakita.
• Ngā rongoā whakawhanui i te manawa: Hei whakatuwhera i ō ara manawa; e wātea ana i ngā momo 'Pōpoto te mahi' me te 'Roa te mahi'.
• Mucolytics: Hei whakamaroke i te hūpē me te whakangawari i te tango i roto i ō pukahukahu.
• Whakaora Hāora: Hei whakapai ake i ō taumata hāora.
• Te rongoā matū me/ranei te irahiko: Hei rongoā i te mate pukupuku pūkahukahu.
• Ngā kano ārai mate: Hei tiaki i a koe mai i ngā mate manawa.

Ngā Mahi Whakangungu me ngā Taputapu

• Ngā tikanga manawa motuhake, pērā i te 'Pursed Lip Breathing' me te 'Diaphragmatic Breathing'.
• 'Ngā Pūrere Whakawātea Ara Rere' pērā i te 'Vest Therapy' hei āwhina i te tango i te hūpē.

Pokanga

I ētahi wā, me mahi pokanga pea.

• Te tango i tētahi pūkahukahu kotahi (Lobectomy) .
• Te tango i ngā pūkahukahu e rua (Bilobectomy) .
• Ko te Thoracentesis , he tikanga e whakamahia ana hei tango i te wai nui mai i te āputa huri noa i ngā pukahukahu.
• Te tango i te pukahukahu katoa (Pneumonectomy) .
• Te Whakatō Pūkahukahu .

Me pēhea te pupuri i te hauora o ōu pūkahukahu? (Karere hei tango ki te kāinga)

Koinei pea te wāhanga tino nui. He maha ngā mahi ka taea e koe te mahi hei pupuri i te hauora o ōu pūkahukahu, hei whakahaere rānei i ngā mate manawa o nāianei.

• Ko te taahiraa tino nui ko te whakamutu i te kai hikareti mēnā kei te kai hikareti koe. Kei roto i tēnei ko te vaping. Koinei te koha nui rawa atu ka taea e koe te hoatu ki ō pukahukahu.
• Kia mau ki te taumaha hauora. Ka taea e te taumaha nui te whakawhāiti i te wāhi e hiahiatia ana e ōu pukahukahu kia whānui katoa.
• Whakakorikori tinana i ia wā. Heoi anō, me kōrero ki tō tākuta i mua i te tīmatanga o tētahi mahi whakakorikori tinana hou.
• Kai i tētahi kai hauora, taurite hoki.
• Kia nui te wai māori (ki te kore koe e tohutohu mai i tō tākuta kia whakawhāitihia te nui o te wai e kainga ana e koe).
• Me whai i ngā werohanga hou e taunakitia ana e tō tākuta, pērā i ngā kano kano mō te rewharewha me te niumōnia.
• Horoia ō ringaringa i ngā wā katoa hei ārai i ngā mate urutā.
• Āta karohia te whakapā tata ki te hunga e mate ana.

Kia maumahara, ahakoa he ārai ā-roto tō pūnaha manawa, ka taea tonu e ngā pūkahukahu te pāngia e te mate. Ka tere te memeha o ētahi āhuatanga, ko ētahi he kino, he roa hoki. Mena kei te pāngia koe e te mate pūkahukahu mō te wā roa, ka tukuna pea koe e tō tākuta tiaki tuatahi ki tētahi Tākuta Pūkahukahu . Ko te mea nui ko te whai i ngā tohutohu a tō tīma hauora kia tika.Mā tēnei ka āwhina i a koe kia ngāwari te manawa. Mēnā ka pāngia koe e ngā uauatanga manawa ohorere, nui, waea atu ki te 911, toro atu rānei ki tō tari urupare tata tonu atu.

` Nirogi Lanka, pūkahukahu, pūnaha manawa, manawa, hāora, mate pūkahukahu, pūkahukahu hauora