I mōhio koe ki ēnei mea mō ōu pūkahukahu? Me kōrero tāua!

Kua whakaarohia e koe te mīharo o te manawa? Ahakoa he manawa noa iho tā tātou, he kōrero nui kei muri. Nā tētahi okana whakamiharo i roto i tō tātou tinana tēnei. Ko ō tātou pūkahukahu. Nō reira, i tēnei rā, me kōrero tātou mō tō tātou hoa e kiia nei ko ngā pūkahukahu ? Me pēhea tāna mahi, he aha ngā mate ka pā ki a ia, ā, me pēhea tā tātou tiaki i a ia? Me kōrero ngāwari tātou.

He aha te āhua o ō pūkahukahu?

I te whakarapopototanga, ko ō pūkahukahu ngā okana matua e rua e āwhina ana i a koe ki te manawa. He wāhanga tino nui ēnei o tō pūnaha manawa. Ko te pūnaha manawa te kohinga o ngā okana e uru ana ki te tukanga katoa o te hongi i te hau, te tango i ngā mea e hiahiatia ana e tātou, me te whakakore i ngā mea kāore e hiahiatia ana e tātou.

E rua ō pūkahukahu , kei te taha matau o tō uma tētahi, kei te taha maui tētahi. Ko tō uma te rohe i waenganui i tō kaki me tō puku. E kapi ana ngā pūkahukahu e rua i tētahi uhi tiaki e kiia nei ko te kiko pleural . He rite ki tētahi pukapuka he uhi tōna.

Ko te pūkahukahu matau me te pūkahukahu maui - pērā i te tuakana, teina!

Ahakoa te āhua ōrite o ēnei pūkahukahu e rua, he iti noa ngā rerekētanga.

• Pūkahukahu matau: E toru ngā wāhanga. Ka kiia ēnei ko te wāhanga o runga ko te `(Superior lobe)`, ko te wāhanga waenga ko te `(Middle lobe)`, me te wāhanga o raro ko te `(Inferior lobe)`. He poto ake i te pūkahukahu maui, engari he whānui ake.
• Pūkahukahu maui: E rua ōna pūkahukahu. Ko te pūkahukahu o runga `(Superior lobe)` me te pūkahukahu o raro `(Inferior lobe)`. He aha koe i whakaaro ai he iti ake te pūkahukahu maui? Ko te take, me whakarite wāhi mō tō ngākau. Kei te taha maui te ngākau . Koia te take he kōhao iti `(Cardiac notch)` te pūkahukahu maui hei whakarite wāhi mō te ngākau. Waihoki, he toronga iti tō te pūkahukahu maui ki runga e kiia nei ko `(Lingula)` , kāore i te pūkahukahu matau.

He aha te ratonga e tukuna ana e ngā pūkahukahu ki a tātou?

Ko te mahi matua a ngā pūkahukahu he whakarato i te hāora e hiahiatia ana e ō tātou tinana, me te tuku i te hauhā waro kāore e hiahiatia ana. E 12 ki te 20 ngā wā ka puta tēnei i te meneti, ahakoa kei te tū noa tātou. Whakaarohia, kāore tēnei mahi e mutu ahakoa kei te moe tātou!

Te haerenga whakamiharo o te manawa

Ina manawa koe mā roto i tō ihu, mā roto rānei i tō waha, ka uru tuatahi te hau ki te tuarongo o tō korokoro, arā, te pharynx. Kātahi ka puta mā roto i te larynx (tō tātou pouaka reo) ka uru ki te trachea (te puku o te manawa).

Ka wehea tēnei pūkahukahu kia rua, pērā i te reta Y. Ka kiia ēnei ko ngā ngongo matua o te pūkahukahu. Ka haere tētahi ngongo ki te pūkahukahu maui, ko tētahi ki te pūkahukahu matau. Me tuwhera tonu ēnei ara manawa, kia kore he pupuhi, he hūpē rānei. Ko reira anake ka taea ai e ngā pūkahukahu te mahi tika.

Kātahi ka wehea ēnei ara manawa matua ki ngā ngongo iti ake. Ka kiia ēnei ko ngā bronchi. Ka wehea anō ēnei ki ngā manga iti ake, e kiia nei ko ngā bronchiole . Ka mutu ēnei bronchi ki ngā pēke hau iti e rite ana ki ngā tautau karepe. Ka kiia ēnei ko ngā alveoli .

Kei roto te hāora, kei waho te hauhā!

Kei roto i ēnei alveoli te whakawhitiwhiti whakamiharo. Ka mimitihia te hāora o te hau e manawahia ana e tātou ki roto i te toto mā roto i ēnei alveoli. Kātahi ka haere te toto whai hāora ki te ngākau, ka pamuhia puta noa i te tinana. Koinei te huarahi e whiwhi ai ia pūtau i te hāora.

Ina whakamahia e ngā pūtau tēnei hāora hei mahi, ka puta te hauhā waro hei para. Ka mimitihia anō taua hauhā waro ki roto i te toto, ka haria ki ngā pukahukahu. Ina whakapūha tātou, arā, ina whakapūha tātou, ka tukuna tēnei hauhā waro mai i te tinana.

Ngā kaitiaki o ngā pukahukahu

He tino pai tā tātou pūnaha manawa ki te aukati i ngā mea kino ki te tinana kei uru ki roto i ngā pukahukahu.

• Ngā huruhuru ihu : He rite ēnei ki ngā tātari e horoi ana i te hau. Ka mau i ngā puehu nunui me ngā pepeke, me ērā atu mea, ki roto tonu i te ihu.
• Huka: Mā tēnei hūka ka makuku ngā ara manawa. Ka mau hoki te puehu me ngā huakita .
• Ngā Kiriuhi : He rite ēnei ki ngā puruma. Ka āwhina i te pana i te hūpē me te tuku atu. Ko tētahi o ngā take he tino morearea te momi hikareti ko te ngaronga o te mahi a ēnei kiriuhi. Ka piki ake te mōrearea o te mate pūkahukahu.

He kōrero whakamiharo ēnei mō ngā pukahukahu!

Nā, tirohia ēnei kōrero. Kāore pea koe i rongo i ēnei i mua.

• Ka taea e koe te ora me te tango i te pūkahukahu. He mīharo rawa atu tēnā? I ētahi wā ka taea e koe te ora me te kotahi anake o ō pūkahukahu.
• Ko ngā pūkahukahu anake te okana o te tinana e mānu ana ina whakatakotoria ki roto i te wai!
• I a koe e whakakorikori tinana ana, ka taea e koe te whakanui ake i te kaha o tō pukahukahu, arā, te nui o te hau ka taea e koe te manawa.
• E 300 ki te 500 miriona ngā alveoli kei roto i ngā pukahukahu o te pakeke noa! He mea whakamiharo, kāore?

Kei hea ō pūkahukahu? He aha te āhua?

Kei roto i te kōhao uma ōu pūkahukahu. Kei runga i tētahi uaua nui e kiia nei ko te diaphragm e okioki ana.

He hina māwhero te tae o ngā pūkahukahu hauora. Kua kite pea koe i ngā pikitia o ngā pūkahukahu o te hunga kaipaipa me te hunga kāore e kaipaipa. He hina pouri te tae o ngā pūkahukahu kua pakaru i te kaipaipa, he pango ngā ira i ētahi wā. He tapatoru te āhua o ngā pūkahukahu, ā, i ētahi wā ka whakaahuatia he rite ki ngā taringa o te arewhana.

Ko te taumaha o ngā pukahukahu o te pakeke e tata ana ki te kotahi kirokaramu te toharite. E 9 inihi te roa i te manawa noa, ā, ka whānui ki te 10.5 inihi i te manawa hōhonu.

He aha ngā mate ka pā ki ō tātou pukahukahu?

Engari, ka pāngia hoki ō tātou pūkahukahu e ngā mate maha. Ko ētahi he iti noa iho, ā, ka tere te ora. Engari ko ētahi he kino ake, ā, ka roa te wā. Anei ētahi o ngā mate e tino kitea ana:

• Asbestosis: Te whara o ngā pukahukahu me te kiko pleural i puta mai i te hongi i ngā muka asbestosis.
• Te mate huango: He uaua ki te manawa nā te whaiti o ngā ara manawa.
• Bronchiectasis: Te pupuhi o ngā ngongo pūkahukahu, ka puta te maremare me te uaua ki te manawa.
• Mate pūkahukahu: Ko te tohu matua ko te maremare. Ka pā mai pea tēnei mate, ka tere haere, ka pai haere, ka roa rānei te wā e mau tonu ana.
• COPD (Mate Pūkahukahu Ārai Mau tonu): He mate manawa e ahu whakamua ana, e kore e taea te whakaora.
• Covid-19 `(COVID-19)`: Ka taea e tēnei mate huaketo te whakararu i ngā mate manawa ngawari ki te kino.
• Croup: He mate manawa e pā ana ki ngā tamariki kei raro iho i te 5 tau te pakeke.
• Te Pūkahukahu Pūkahukahu: He mate ira e puta ai te hūpē matotoru, piripono i roto i ngā pukahukahu me ētahi atu whekau.
• Rewharewha: He mate pūkahukahu i puta mai i te huaketo.
• Matepukupuku Pūkahukahu: Ko te kai paipa te tino take mō tēnei.
• Mesothelioma: He momo mate pukupuku anō hoki tēnei. Ko te nuinga o te wā ka puta mai i te hongi i ngā muka asbestos.
• Pīnomia: He mate pūkahukahu. Ka taea e te wai te whakakī i ngā pūkahukahu, ā, me kawe pea ki te hōhipera.
• Pūkahukahu Pūkahukahu: He uaua ki te manawa nā te mea kua pāngia ngā pukahukahu. Kāore e taea te whakaora.
• Ngā Pūpūngao Pūkahukahu: He pūpūngao ka puta i roto i ngā pūkahukahu. I te nuinga o te wā, ehara ēnei i te matepukupuku (he pai).
• RSV (Huaketo Manawa Syncytial): He mate manawa ka pā ki ngā tamariki nohinohi me ngā pakeke.
• Te mate kohi: Ko ngā pukahukahu te nuinga e pā ana ki tēnei mate, engari ka pā pea ki ētahi atu wāhanga o te tinana.

He aha ngā tohu o te mate pūkahukahu? Me pēhea te mōhio ki tēnei?

Ko ngā tohu o te mate pūkahukahu ko:

• Te poto o te manawa: Te puhoi o te manawa ahakoa te mahi māmā.
• Mamae o te uma: Mamae o te uma i te wā e manawa ana, e maremare ana rānei.
• Maremare: Ina koa ko ngā maremare pumau, arā, ngā maremare e puta ake ai te toto me te huware.
• Ngenge: He ngenge noa iho.
• Te wheehe: He tangi whiowhio e puta mai ana i te uma i te wā e manawa ana.
• Te pupuhi o ngā pona me ngā waewae.

He mea nui: Ki te pāngia koe e tētahi o ēnei tohu, me toro atu ki te tākuta. He māmā ake te rongoā i te kitenga wawe.

He aha ngā whakamātautau e mahia ana hei tirotiro mēnā kei te ora ngā pukahukahu?

Ina haere koe ki te tākuta, ka tirotirohia koe e ia, ka kitea ētahi mea.

Te āhua o te tirotiro a te tākuta i a koe

• Ka whakarongohia ngā pukahukahu ki te stethoscope hei tirotiro mō ngā oro rerekē, pērā i te "Crackles/Rales" (ngā oro pakū iti), te "Wheezing" (he oro wheezing teitei), me te "Stridor" (he oro manawa teitei).
• Ka tatauhia e ngā manawa te maha o ngā manawa e manawa ana koe i ia meneti.
• Ka whakarongo rātou ki ō pūkahukahu, ka kite mēnā he rerekētanga kei roto i tō reo.
• He taputapu iti te oximeter pulse e piri ana ki te maihao hei ine i te taumata hāora i roto i te toto.

Haunga tēnei whakamātautau tinana, ka taea e te tākuta te tono i ētahi atu whakamātautau.

Te tango whakaahua hei tiro ki roto - Ngā Whakamātautau Whakaahua

Mā ēnei whakamātautau ka taea e te tākuta te kite i te āhua o te āhua i roto i ngā pukahukahu.

• X-ray o te uma
• Matawai CT `(Matawai Tomography Rorohiko)`
• Ultrasound
• Matawai MRI `(Matawai Whakaahua Aukume)`

Ngā Whakamātautau Mahi a ngā Pūkahukahu (Ngā whakamātautau e tirotiro ana i te pai o te mahi a ngā pūkahukahu)

Ka kiia hoki ēnei he whakamātautau mahi pūkahukahu. Ka tirohia e rātou te pai o te manawa me te pupuri i te hau e ō pūkahukahu.

• Ine i te Spirometry
• Te Whakamātautau Tinana
• Whakamātautau Horopaki
• Whakamātautau Waikura Hauota i Pupuhitia
• Whakamātautau Rōrahi Pūkahukahu
• Whakamātautau Manawa Methacholine
• Whakamātautau Hīkoi Ono-Meneti

Tērā pea ka whakahaerehia ngā whakamātautau i raro i te mate whakamoe.

I ētahi wā ka whakauruhia he kāmera ki roto i ngā pukahukahu hei tirotiro i roto (Bronchoscopy), ka tangohia he wahi kiko ka tirohia (Lung Biopsy), ka mahia rānei he thoracotomy.Me whai whakamātautau/maimoatanga pea koe e uru ana ki te whakatuwhera i te uma, pērā i te hihi-X o te uma. He tikanga tēnei ka mahia i raro i te whakamoenga.

He aha ngā maimoatanga mō ngā mate pūkahukahu?

Mena he mate pūkahukahu tōu, ka whakawhirinaki tō maimoatanga ki te momo mate kei a koe me tō hauora whānui. Tērā pea ko ngā kōwhiringa maimoatanga ko ngā rongoā, te whakakori tinana, ngā taputapu motuhake, me te pokanga.

Ngā rongoā

Ka taea te hoatu i ēnei hei mea manawa, hei wai nebulizer, hei papa ā-waha, hei werohanga rānei.

• Ka whakaitihia e ngā steroids te pupuhi i roto i ngā ara manawa.
• Ka rongoatia e ngā paturopi ngā mate pāwera.
• Ngā rongoā whakawhanui i ngā manawa arai. He poto te mahi, he roa hoki te mahi o ēnei.
• Ka āwhina ngā rongoā mucolytic ki te whakangawari i te maremare, ā, ka māmā ake te maremare.
• Whakapai ake i ngā taumata hāora mā te Whakaora Hāora .
• Whakaorahia te mate pukupuku mā te chemotherapy me/ranei te radiation therapy .
• Ngā kano ārai mate hei ārai i ngā mate urutā.

Ngā mahi whakakori tinana me ngā taputapu

• Ngā tikanga manawa motuhake, hei tauira (Manawa Ngutu Pursed) me te (Manawa Diaphragmatic) .
• Ka āwhina ngā Taputapu Whakawātea Ara Āhua , pērā i te Vest Therapy, ki te tango i te hūpē mai i ngā ara manawa.

Pokanga

I ētahi wā, me mahi pokanga.

• Te tango i tētahi wāhanga o te pukahukahu (Lobectomy) .
• Te tango i ngā pūkahukahu e rua (Bilobectomy) .
• Ko te Thoracentesis he tikanga hei tango i te wai mai i ngā pukahukahu.
• Te tango katoa i te pukahukahu kotahi (Pneumonectomy) .
• Te Whakatō Pūkahukahu .

He aha tā tātou e taea ai hei pupuri i te hauora o ō tātou pukahukahu? (Karere hei tango ki te kāinga)

Āe, koinei te wāhanga tino nui. He maha ngā mea ka taea e tātou te mahi hei pupuri i te hauora o ō tātou pūkahukahu, hei whakahaere rānei i te mate pūkahukahu mēnā kei a tātou.

• Ko te mea tuatahi, ko te mea nui rawa atu, ko te whakamutu i te momi hikareti mēnā ka pēnā koe. Pērā anō hoki mō te vaping. Koinei te koha nui rawa atu ka taea e koe te hoatu ki ō pukahukahu.
• Ngāna kia mau tonu te taumaha hauora. Ko te hunga taumaha rawa he iti ake te tūponotanga ka pāngia rātou e te mate pukupuku pūkahukahu.
• Whakakorikori tinana i ngā wā katoa. Engari me kōrero ki tō tākuta i mua i te tīmatanga o tētahi kaupapa whakakorikori tinana.
• Kai i ngā kai hauora, i ngā rahinga e tika ana.
• Inumia he nui te wai (ki te kore koe e whakawhāiti i te inu wai a tō tākuta).
• Tikina ngā kano ārai mate i tohua e te tākuta i te wā tika.Hei tauira, te kano ārai mate rewharewha, te kano ārai mate niumōnia.
• Horoia ō ringaringa i ngā wā katoa, kia tino horoia hoki. Mā tēnei ka āwhina i a koe ki te tiaki i a koe mai i ngā mate urutā.
• Me noho tawhiti rawa atu i te hunga e mate ana.

Kia maumahara, ahakoa he huarahi kei roto i tō tātou pūnaha manawa hei tiaki i a tātou, ka taea e ō tātou pūkahukahu te pāngia e te mate. Ka tere te ora o ētahi. Engari ko ētahi he kino, ā, ka roa te wā. Mena he mate pūkahukahu roa tōu, ka tukuna koe e tō tākuta whānui ki tētahi tākuta pūkahukahu . Ko te mea nui ko te whai i ngā tohutohu a tō tīma hauora. Kātahi ka taea e koe te manawa ngāwari.

Ngā Pūkahukahu, Pūnaha Manawa, Manawa, Hāora, Mate Pūkahukahu, Ngā Pūkahukahu Hauora, Ngā Pūkahukahu