Kia ako tātou mō te mana nui o tō roro: te cerebral cortex.

Kua whakaaro kē koe ki te tino uaua o tō roro? Ko te āhua o tā tātou kōrero, ko te āhua o tā tātou ako i ngā mea hou, ko te āhua o tā tātou maumahara ki ngā mea tawhito, ko te āhua o tā tātou kata, o tā tātou tangi, me tā tātou whakatau, ko ēnei katoa kei raro i te mana o tō tātou roro. I tēnei rā ka kōrero tātou mō tētahi wāhanga tino nui o te roro, ko te wāhanga e mahi ana pērā i te `(CPU)` o te rorohiko – te cerebral cortex , e ai ki tā tātou i te reo Pākehā, ko te `(Cerebral Cortex)`.

He aha te cortex roro?

Hei whakarāpopototanga, he paparanga kiko kei roto i tō roro e kiia nei ko te roro roro, koinei te paparanga o waho rawa o te roro. He rite ki te hipoki i ngā taha katoa. Kua kite koe i ngā pikitia o te roro me ngā kita? Kei roto i te roro roro aua kita. Ko ēnei kita te mea e taea ai te tukatuka i te maha o ngā kōrero i roto i tētahi wāhi iti. Whakaarohia he kakahu nui kua whakapikohia ki roto i tētahi pouaka iti. He awaawa hohonu kei roto i ēnei kita e kiia nei ko te sulci, me ngā tihi teitei e kiia nei ko te gyri. Ka whakanui ake ēnei i te horahanga o te mata o te roro roro, ka taea ai e ngā pūtau io te mahi. I mōhio koe ko te roro roro te haurua o te taumaha o tō roro katoa!

Ko tēnei wāhanga o te roro e kiia nei ko te cerebral cortex, e ono ngā paparanga o ngā 'pūtau io'. Whakaarohia, kei waenganui i te 14 me te 16 piriona 'pūtau io' kei roto i tēnei wāhi iti. Ā, e rua ki te whā mirimita (mm 2-4) noa iho te matotoru. Ko te tikanga he rite ki tētahi kiriuhi angiangi rawa.

E whā ngā wāhanga matua o tō tātou roro, arā, ngā rohe . Koia ēnei:

1. Te Pūwero o Mua

2. Te Pūpū Pārietal

3. Te Pūrua o te Wā

4. Te Puku o te Occipital

He rerekē te mahi a ia o ēnei rohe. I te nuinga o te wā, ko te roro matua te kawenga mō ngā tukanga hinengaro taumata teitei o te tangata. Hei tauira, ko ngā mea pēnei i te reo, te mahara, te whakaaro, te ako, te whakatau kaupapa, ngā kare ā-roto, te mātauranga, me te tuakiri.

He aha i huaina ai tēnei cortex roro ko te "hina hina"?

Kua rongo pea koe i te wehenga o te roro kia rua ngā wāhanga, arā, ko te "mea hina" me te "mea mā." Ko te paparanga o waho o te roro, e kiia nei ko te cerebral cortex, nō te mea hina . Nā te mea kei roto i tēnei wāhanga ngā tinana pūtau o ngā pūtau io me ngā wāhanga e kiia nei ko ngā "dendrites." Ko ngā "dendrites" ngā wāhanga rite ki te muka e āwhina ana i te pūtau io ki te whiwhi karere matū mai i tētahi atu pūtau. He hina ēnei wāhanga o te pūtau io nā te mea kāore i a rātou te hipoki ngako e kiia nei ko te "myelin."

Kātahi ka puta te mea māHe aha te "Matū Mā"? He mea hanga mai i ngā wāhanga roa, rite ki te tokotoko o ngā pūtau io e kiia nei ko ngā "Axons." Kei te taha o ēnei "axons" ko te "Myelin" kua whakahuatia ake nei, he ngako mā. Ko taua "Myelin" te mea e hoatu ana ki aua kiko te tae mā.

He aha te rerekētanga i waenga i te cerebrum me te cerebrum?

Ahakoa te āhua uaua o tēnei, he māmā noa iho. Ko te roro nui te wāhanga nui rawa atu o tō roro. Ko te paparanga o waho rawa o te roro nui e kiia ana ko te roro iti . He rite ki te kiri o te hua.

Ka wehea e te roro nui tō tātou roro kia rua ngā taha, te taha matau me te taha maui. Ka honoa ēnei taha e rua e te paihere muka io e kiia nei ko te corpus callosum. Mā tēnei corpus callosum ka taea e ngā taha e rua te kōrero tetahi ki tetahi.

He aha tēnei roro hou (Neocortex)?

Ko te nuinga o tō tātou roro matua nō tēnei roro hou e kiia nei ko te "Neocortex". Ko te tikanga o "Neo" he "hou". Nā te mea i puta mai tēnei wāhanga i roto i te whanaketanga o ngā kararehe tuarā. Ko tēnei roro hou e 90% o te roro matua o te tangata.

He aha ngā mana nui o tō tātou roro? (Mahi)

Kua kōrero kē tātou ko te roro matua e whai wāhi ana ki te nuinga o ā tātou tukanga hinengaro taumata teitei. Ngā mea pēnei i te whakaaro tika, ngā kare ā-roto, ngā whakaaro, te mahara, te reo, me te hinengaro. Nā, me titiro tātou ki ngā mea e tupu ana i ia o ēnei rohe matua e whā o te roro matua.

1. Te rangatira kei mua: Te Rākau o Mua

Kei mua o tō roro tēnei, kei muri i te rae. He rite tana mahi ki te mahi a te rangatira i roto i te tari. Anei ētahi mea e āwhina ana te rae:

• Te whakatau kaupapa, te whakaoti rapanga.
• Ngā whakaaro mohio. (Ngā mea e whakaaroarohia ana e tātou)
• Aro.
• Te whakahaere i ngā kare ā-roto me ngā whanonga.
• Te whakaputa kōrero. (Te hanga i ngā kupu e kōrerohia ana e tātou)
• Tuakiri. (Ō tātou āhuatanga)
• Te mātauranga.
• Ngā nekehanga tinana.

He maha atu anō ngā wāhi motuhake kei tēnei rae:

• Te Uho Pūnaha: Koinei te wāhi e tukuna ai ngā karere hei neke i ngā uaua o te tinana.
• Te Uho o mua o te roro : Koinei te mea e whakahaere ana i ngā mea e kiia nei ko ngā "mahi whakahaere." Arā, ko ngā mea pēnei i te whakaaro, te whakamahere, me te whakaoti rapanga. He rite tana mahi ki tētahi kaiwhakahaere e ārahi ana i ngā wāhanga kē atu o te roro.
• Te Rohe o Broca : Mā tēnei rohe tātou e āwhina ki te whakakotahi tika i ngā kupu me te hanga rerenga kōrero i te wā e kōrero ana.

2. Tohunga Tirohanga: Lobe Occipital

Kei muri o te roro tēnei. E ai ki te ingoa, ko tana mahi matua koTe whakahaere i ngā mea e pā ana ki te tirohanga.

• Te tukatuka me te mārama ki ngā mōhiohio tirohanga. (Te mārama ki ngā mea e kitea ana e ō tātou kanohi)
• Te kohikohi i ngā raraunga tirohanga pēnei i te tae, te nekehanga, me te whakatakotoranga.
• Te mōhio ki ngā taonga me ngā kanohi.
• Te mārama ki te hōhonutanga me te tawhiti.
• Te hanga i te ao e kitea ana e tātou i roto i ō tātou roro, pērā i tētahi mapi.

3. Tohunga Pūrongo me te Wāhi: Parietal Lobe

Kei waenganui i te pū o mua me te pū o te hope, i runga ake i te pū concha. Ko tāna mahi:

• Te tukatuka i ngā mōhiotanga ā-pūmanawa pēnei i te pā, te pēhanga, te mamae, te tūnga, te wiri, me te pāmahana.
• Te tukatuka ā-wāhi me te whakahaere ā-wāhi. Arā, te whakarato i tētahi māramatanga ā-toru-ahu mō tō wāhi me tō taiao. Hei tauira, ka āwhina tēnei wāhanga i a koe ki te whakatere i tō ara i roto i ngā mea e raru ana i roto i tō whare me te kore e tūtuki i runga, i a koe rānei e hikoi ana i te tiriti.

Ko te cortex somatosensory tētahi wāhi motuhake i tēnei papa taha. Koinei te wāhi e whiwhi ai tātou i ngā kare ā-roto (ngā kare ā-roto) mai i ngā taha katoa o ō tātou tinana.

Whakaarohia tēnei āhuatanga: Ka totoro atu tō ringa ki te tiki i tētahi kapu hupa wera mai i te tēpu o te kīhini.

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* Ko te cortex motor i roto i tō lobe frontal te mea e kī ana ki ngā uaua o tō ringa me ō maihao kia "hiki ake i te kapu."

* Ina pā atu koe ki te kapu, ka aromatawaihia e tō cortex somatosensory i roto i tō parietal lobe ngā mea pēnei i tōna pāmahana me te kaha o te pupuri.

* I taua wā anō, mā ngā āheinga tukatuka ā-wāhi i te papa taha ka taea e koe te ine tika i te tawhiti o te kapu e pā ana ki te tēpu me ētahi atu mea, me te pupuri tonu.

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Kua kite koe i te mīharo o te mahi tahi a ia wāhanga o te roro?

4. Kaiwhakarongo me te Pūrongo Mahara: Te Pūrua o te Wā

Kei waenganui i te pū o mua me te pū parietal tēnei, i raro i te pū o te taha. He rite ki te noho i ngā taha e rua o te taringa. Ko tāna mahi he:

• Te mārama ki te reo, te hanga kupu, te ako.
• Te maumahara (ina koa te maumahara ki ngā mea hou)
• Te whakarongo. (Te mōhio ki ngā oro)
• Te mārama ki ngā whakawhitiwhiti kōrero kore-waha (hei tauira, ngā āhua o te kanohi, te reo)
• Te huri i ngā oro ki ngā whakaahua ā-tirohanga.

Ko tētahi wāhanga nui o tēnei paparanga concha ko te Rohe o Wernicke. Mā tēnei wāhanga ka mārama tātou ki te reo i runga i te reo me ngā tauira oro o te reo o te tangata ina kōrero ana, ā, ka āwhina hoki i a tātou ki te hono i ngā oro ki ngā mea kua akohia i mua.

Ko tētahi atu huarahi hei tiro atu: ngā wāhi mahi

He tirohanga anō tā ētahi kaipūtaiao ki te roro. E toru ngā momo matua o te roro matua e whakarōpūhia ana e rātou, arā, ngā wāhi pānga, ngā wāhi nekeneke, me ngā wāhi hononga.

1. Ngā Wāhi Pūrongo

Ka whiwhi ēnei wāhi i ngā mōhiotanga ā-pūmanawa mai i ō tātou mātai me te taiao.

• Te mārama ki ngā mōhiohio tirohanga me te mōhio ki ngā mea. (Ka mahia tēnei e te cortex tirohanga i roto i te parietal lobe.)
• Te whiwhi i ngā mōhiohio mai i te tinana pēnei i te pā, te pāmahana, te tūnga, te wiri, te pēhanga, me te mamae. (Ka mahia tēnei e te cortex somatosensory i te taha taha.)
• Te tukatuka i ngā mōhiohio whakarongo. (Ka mahia tēnei e te cortex whakarongo i roto i te cochlea.)
• Te mōhio ki te reka. (Ka mahia tēnei e te cortex gustatory i te lobe frontal.)

2. Ngā Wāhi Motuka

Ko ēnei wāhanga he wāhanga o ngā nekehanga uaua tūao, ā, ko te nuinga o ēnei e whakahaerehia ana e te pito o mua o te uaua.

• Te whakataurite i ngā nekehanga uaua.
• Te whakamahere i ngā nekehanga uaua.
• Te ako mā te whaiwhai me te aroha.

3. Ngā Wāhi Hononga

Kua horapa ēnei rohe puta noa i ngā rohe e whā. Ka honoa ngā mōhiohio mai i ngā rohe pūoro me ngā rohe nekeneke, ka whai wāhi atu ki ngā tukanga uaua ake.

• Te whakarite i ngā mōhiotanga e puta mai ana i ngā wāhanga tairongo me ngā wāhanga nekeneke, me te hoatu tikanga ki taua mea.
• Te whakahaere i te tuakiri me ngā whanonga kare ā-roto.
• Te mōhiotanga ā-wāhi me te whakaaro nui.
• Te tukatuka mahara.
• Te whakaaro ā-kanohi, me te pupuri i ngā mahara ā-kanohi.
• Te hanga mā te whakamahi i ngā mōhiotanga tirohanga, ngā maharatanga, ngā oro, me te reo.

Me pēhea te pakaru o te cortex roro?

Ka taea te pakaru i tētahi wāhi tino nui pēnei mō ngā take maha. Hei tauira:

• Ngā pukupuku roro
• Ngā whara nui o te upoko (Trauma)
• Ko ētahi mate pūnaha ārai mate
• He aituā toto roro (arā, he toto i roto i te roro, he "Whawhatu" rānei)

He aha ngā tohu ka puta mēnā kua pakaru te cortex roro?

Kei te wāhanga o te cortex roro tēnei i pakaru .

Mena kua pakaru te pito o mua o te ihu:

• Ngā raruraru mahara.
• Ngā panonitanga o te tuakiri.
• Te uaua ki te whakaoti rapanga me te whakatau kaupapa.
• Ngā raruraru aro.
• Ngā ngoikore ki te whakahaere i ngā kare ā-roto, ngā whanonga koretake, me ngā panonitanga o ngā tauira whanonga.
• Te kore e mārama, e whakapuaki rānei i te kōrero (Aphasia).
• Te uaua ki te kōrero (Apraxia).
• Te ngoikore, te pararutiki, te ngaronga o te mana whakahaere uaua i te taha kotahi o te tinana (Flaccid Hemiplegia).
• Hei tāpiri, ko ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te mate wareware ka pā kino ki te roro o mua.

Mena kua pakaru te parietal lobe:

• Ngā raruraru ki te hanganga mahara.
• Te uauatanga, te kore rānei e taea te tuhituhi (Agraphia).
• Te uaua ki te whakaoti rapanga pāngarau.
• Te ngoikore.
• Te pōhēhē.
• Te ngoikore o te mahi tahi a te ringa me te kanohi.
• Te kore e taea te kite i ngā mea mā te pā anake (Astereognosis).
• Te ngaronga o te kare ā-roto.
• Ngā uauatanga kōrero `(Aphasia)`.
• Ngā uauatanga nekehanga `(Apraxia)`.

Mena kua pakaru te pū o te roro:

• Ngā uauatanga o te whakarongo.
• Ngā raruraru mahara.
• Te uaua ki te mōhio ki ngā kanohi me ngā taonga.
• Ngā ngoikoretanga reo (hei tauira, te Wernicke's Aphasia - he uaua ki te mārama ki te reo).
• Hei tāpiritanga, ka taea hoki e ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te mate haurangi, te mate whanaketanga dyslexia, me te mate a Alzheimer te kino i te concha.

Mena kua pakaru te pū occipital:

• Te uaua ki te kite i ngā taonga maha i te wā kotahi.
• Te uaua ki te kite i ngā mea ā-kanohi.
• Matapo tae.
• Ngā moemoeā e pā ana ki te tirohanga.
• Matapo rawa.

Ahakoa he ahua uaua tēnei ki a koe, he mea nui kia mōhio koe ki ēnei kōrero. Nā te mea ka taea e tātou te tiaki pai ake i tō tātou hauora, inā koa ko tō tātou roro. Mā tēnei mōhiotanga anō hoki tātou e āwhina ki te rapu tohutohu hauora tere mēnā ka pā mai ētahi tohu.

Whakarāpopototanga: Ngā Mea hei Mahara (Karere hei Tango ki te Kāinga)

Āe, me whakarapopoto tātou i ngā kōrero matua o tā tātou i kōrero ai i te rā nei:

• Ko te cortex roro te paparanga o waho rawa o tō tātou roro. He mea kōpikopiko, e āhei ai te mahi a ngā pūtau io maha.
• E whā ngā wāhanga matua o te roro: te pū o mua, te pū o parietal, te pū o te roro temporal, me te pū occipital.
• He mea nui tēnei cortex roro mō te nuinga o ā tātou tukanga hinengaro taumata teitei , pērā i te whakaaro, te mahara, te ako, te reo, ngā kare ā-roto, me te whakatau kaupapa.
• Ka pāngia pea ngā wāhanga rerekē o te roro iti e ngā raruraru ki ngā mahi e pā ana ki taua wāhanga. Hei tauira, he uaua ki te kōrero, he raruraru mahara, me ngā raruraru tirohanga.
• He okana whakamiharo, he okana utu nui tō roro. Nāu te kawenga ki te tiaki i a ia. Kai i ngā kai hauora mō te roro, whakakori tinana, moe nui, me te whakaiti i te ahotea.

Nō reira, ko tāku tumanako kua mārama pai koe ki te roro o te roro i tēnei rā. He mea tino nui te mōhio ki ngā mea pēnei mō ō tātou oranga.

` Te Uho Roro, Te Mahi a te Roro, Ngā Wāhanga o te Roro, Te Pūnaha Io, Te Mahara, Te Ako, Te Puku o Mua, Te Puku o Taha, Te Puku o Concha, Te Puku o Parietal