Tērā pea ka mataku koe i te kupu "irahiko". Ina koa ka tae ki te maimoatanga mate pukupuku, ka nui ake pea taua mataku. Engari kua tino whanake te hangarau i ēnei rā. Kāore i rite ki ngā wā o mua, ka taea te mahi i ēnei maimoatanga me te tino tika me te āta. Nō reira, i tēnei rā ka kōrero tātou mō te maimoatanga irahiko tino noa mō te mate pukupuku, ko te Whakaora Irahiko Hiko o Waho, ko te EBRT rānei.
He aha te EBRT?
Whakaarohia kei te takoto pai koe i runga i te moenga. Me te kore e pā ki tō tinana, kei te pupuhi tētahi mīhini nui mai i tawhiti i ngā hihi irahiko tino tika te hoahoa, e aro ana ki te pukupuku o tō tinana anake. Koinei te mea e kiia nei e mātou ko te EBRT.
Ko te tikanga o tēnei ko te whakamahi i ngā hihi kaha-nui hei whakangaro i ngā pūtau matepukupuku. Ko te whāinga matua ko te whakaiti i te kino ki ngā pūtau hauora e karapoti ana i a rātou, me te whakangaro hoki i ngā pūtau matepukupuku. He maimoatanga ā-waho tēnei, nō reira kāore he mea e tukuna ki roto i tō tinana.
I roto i tēnei maimoatanga, kāore te mīhini irahiko e pā ki tō tinana. Engari, ka whakarite te tīma hauora i te mīhini kia aro noa ki ngā pūtau matepukupuku mai i tawhiti, kia whakangaromia ai.
He aha te rerekētanga i waenga i te rongoā irahiko o waho me te rongoā irahiko o roto?
E rua ngā momo matua o te rongoā irahiko.
1. Te Whakaora Irahiko Hiko o Waho (EBRT): Koinei te tikanga e kōrerohia ana e tātou. Ko te tikanga he tuku irahiko mai i tētahi mīhini ki waho o te tinana.
2. Te Whakaora Irahiko ā-Roto: Ko te pokanga tēnei ko te whakatakoto i tētahi taputapu irahiko iti ki roto, ki te taha rānei o te puku.
Ahakoa e whakangaro ana ēnei tikanga e rua i ngā pūtau matepukupuku, he rerekē te huarahi e mahia ai.
He aha ngā momo hihi pūngao e whakamahia ana mō tēnei maimoatanga?
He hihi pūngao te irahiko kei roto ngā matūriki kua kaha ake te uta. Kei ēnei matūriki te mana ki te whakangaro i ngā pūtau matepukupuku. Ko te wero matua o tēnei maimoatanga ko te whakangaro i ngā pūtau matepukupuku anake me te kore e whara i ngā pūtau hauora. He momo matūriki rerekē e whakamahia ana mō tēnei.
- Ngā hihi-X (ngā hihi-X me ngā hihi gamma): Koinei ngā mea e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i te maimoatanga EBRT. He rite rātou ki ngā hihi-X kaha-nui. Ka taea e rātou te uru hohonu ki roto i tō kiko me te patu i ngā pūtau matepukupuku.
- Ngā pūrotene:He matūriki ēnei he utu pai. Ko te maimoatanga e whakamahi ana i ēnei ka kiia ko te `(Proton Therapy)`. He hangarau hou tēnei. Ko te mea motuhake i konei, i muri i te pānga o te hihi proton ki te pukupuku matepukupuku, ka mutu, kāore e neke atu i tērā. Nō reira, he iti noa te kino ki ngā kiko hauora kei te taha o te matepukupuku. Heoi, kāore anō kia tino kitea tēnei tikanga maimoatanga i te ao.
- Ngā irahiko: He matūriki kino te utu. Kāore e taea te haere hohonu pērā i ngā photon, i ngā proton rānei. Nō reira, ko te nuinga o te wā ka whakamahia hei rongoā i ngā pukupuku i te mata o te tinana, pērā i te mate pukupuku kiri.
Ko te nuinga o ngā maimoatanga EBRT e whakamahi ana i tētahi mīhini e kiia nei ko te "Linear Accelerator" ko te "LINAC" rānei hei whakatere i ēnei matūriki me te tuku atu ki ngā pūtau matepukupuku.
He rerekē ngā momo maimoatanga EBRT?
Ae, nā te whanaketanga o te hangarau, he maha ngā rautaki me ngā momo maimoatanga EBRT. I runga i te āhua me te wāhi o tō matepukupuku, ka whiriwhiria e tō tākuta te tikanga e tino tika ana māu.
| Momo Whakaora | He whakarāpopototanga noa iho... (He Whakamārama Māmā) |
|---|---|
| Te Whakaora Irahiko Āhua-3D | Mā te whakamahi i ngā mea pēnei i ngā karapa CT, ka hangaia he tauira toru-ahu (3D) o te mate pukupuku, ā, ka arohia ngā hihi irahiko ki reira mai i ngā koki rerekē kia ōrite ai. |
| Te Whakaora Irahiko Whakarerekē-Hau (IMRT) | He tikanga 3D matatau tēnei. I konei, ehara i te mea ko te āhua o te puku anake ka taea te aro atu, engari ko ngā wāhi he nui ake ngā pūtau matepukupuku ka taea te aro atu ki te kaha teitei ake , ā, ko ngā wāhi he iti ake ngā pūtau matepukupuku ka taea te aro atu ki te kaha iti iho . |
| Te Whakaora Irahiko Ārahi-Atahanga (IGRT) | I mua i ia maimoatanga, ka mahia he matawai whakaahua (pērā i te matawai CT) hei whakatau tika i te wāhi o te mate pukupuku, kātahi ka tukuna te irahiko. Nā tēnei ka tino tika te mahi. |
| Pokanga Reo Irirangi Whakairoiro (hei tauira, te Maripi Gamma) | Ehara tēnei i te pokanga, ahakoa e kiia ana he "pokanga." He tikanga tēnei mō te tuku i ngā horopeta tino tiketike o te irahiko ki ngā pukupuku iti i roto i te roro, mā te werohanga kotahi, mā ngā werohanga maha rānei, i runga i te huarahi tino tika. |
| Te Whakaora Irahiko Tinana Whakairoiro (SBRT) | He rite tonu tēnei tikanga ki tērā i runga ake nei, engari e whakamahia ana mō ngā matepukupuku kei waho o te roro, inā koa i ngā wāhi pēnei i te pukahukahu, te ate, me te tuaiwi. |
| Te Irahiko ā-Whaiaro (IORT) | Ka mahia tēnei i te wā o te pokanga hei tango i te matepukupuku. Ka tukuna te irahiko i te wā kotahi ki ngā wāhanga o te matepukupuku kāore e taea te tango katoa mā te pokanga. |
He aha ngā momo kēhi e whakamahia ai te maimoatanga EBRT?
He maha ngā kaupapa matua e whakamahia ai tēnei maimoatanga.
- Hei whakangaro i ngā pūtau matepukupuku: Ka whakamahia te EBRT hei rongoā matua mō ngā momo matepukupuku maha.
- Hei tautoko i ētahi atu maimoatanga: Ka whakamahia hei whakaiti i te pukupuku i mua i te pokanga (neo-adjuvant therapy) hei whakangaro rānei i ngā pūtau matepukupuku e whakapaetia ana kei te toe i muri i te pokanga, hei ārai hoki i te hokinga mai o te matepukupuku (adjuvant therapy).
- Hei whakaora i ngā tohumate: Ahakoa kāore e taea te whakaora katoa i te mate pukupuku i ētahi wā, ka āwhina tēnei maimoatanga ki te whakahaere i ngā tohumate pēnei i te mamae i puta mai i ngā pukupuku mate pukupuku, me te pupuri i te kounga o te oranga o te tūroro.
Ngā momo mate pukupuku e rongoatia ana ki te EBRT
He maimoatanga nui te EBRT mō ngā momo matepukupuku ā-rohe maha, pēnei i:
- Matepukupuku ū
- Matepukupuku koroni
- Matepukupuku pūkahukahu
- Matepukupuku prostate
- Matepukupuku kōpū
- Matepukupuku o te upoko me te kaki
- Ngā mate pukupuku toto pērā i te leukemia me te lymphoma
He aha ngā mea ka tū i mua i te maimoatanga? (Wāhanga whakamahere)
Ko tēnei wāhanga whakamahere, e mōhiotia ana ko te "whakatauira", he wāhanga nui o te angitu o te maimoatanga EBRT. Kei roto i tēnei ko te whakarite i ngā mea katoa mō tō maimoatanga tuatahi.
1. Te tūnga:Ka takoto koe ki runga i te moenga i tēnei rā whakamahere, pērā i tō takotoranga i te wā o te maimoatanga.
2. Ngā Matawai: Kātahi ka mahia he matawai CT, MRI, PET rānei hei tiki pikitia tika o tō matepukupuku me ngā whekau hauora e karapoti ana. Mā tēnei ka āwhina ki te whakatau i te rahi, te āhua, me te wāhi tika o te matepukupuku.
3. Te Tohu: Muri iho, ka hangaia he tohu iti, rite ki ngā ira ki tō kiri mā te whakamahi i te pene hei tautuhi i te wāhi e rongoatia ana. Me pupuri ēnei kia tae ki te mutunga o te wā maimoatanga.
4. Te Hanga i ngā Whakapaipai/Ngā Kōpare: Hei āwhina i a koe kia noho puku i te wā e maimoatanga ana, ka taea te hanga i tētahi whakapaipai, i tētahi kōpare rānei motuhake kia ōrite ki tō wāhanga tinana.
Mā te whakamahi i ēnei mōhiohio, ka whakapaua e tō tīma hauora ētahi rā ki te waihanga i tētahi mahere maimoatanga e hāngai ana ki a koe.
He aha ngā mea ka tupu i te wā e rongoatia ana?
Kāore koe e rongo i te mamae i te wā e rongoatia ana.
Ka whakanohoia koe ki te tūranga kotahi i te wā o te whakatauira. Mēnā e tika ana, ka hoatu he kopare kanohi motuhake, he whitiki rānei ki a koe. Kātahi ka puta te kaiwhakaora iraruke i te rūma ka tahuri i te mīhini. Heoi anō , ka mātaki pea rātou i a koe i runga i te mata tirotiro, ka kōrero ki a koe mā te waea whakawhitiwhiti .
Ka huri te mīhini i tō taha, ka puta he oro rerekē, ka arotahi i te hihi ki ngā wāhi motuhake. Ko tāu noa he noho marino, he noho pūmau, me te manawa noa. E 15-30 meneti pea te roa o te maimoatanga katoa. Heoi, he torutoru meneti noa iho te whakamahinga o te hihi.
He aha ngā pānga taha e kitea whānuitia ana?
Ahakoa ka ngana tātou ki te whakaiti i te kino o ngā pūtau hauora i te mea ka taea, he uaua ki te ārai i ētahi kino. Ko te kino o ēnei pūtau hauora te take o ngā pānga taha.
He mea nui, kāore ēnei pānga taha e ōrite mō te katoa . Ka whakawhirinaki hoki ki te wāhanga o te tinana e rongoatia ana ki te irahiko. Hei tauira, ko te tangata e rongoatia ana ki te mahunga, tera pea ka ngaro te makawe, engari ko te tangata e rongoatia ana ki te puku, kāore pea.
Ko ētahi o ngā pānga taha e kitea whānuitia ana ko:
- Te tino ngenge (Te ngenge): Koinei te pānga taha tino kitea.
- Whakapairuaki me te ruaki
- Hiahia kai
- Te whero, te maroke, te mākūkū rānei o te kiri i te wāhi e rongoatia ana
- Te ngaro o te makawe i te wāhi i rongoatia
- He uaua ki te horomi mēnā ka rongoatia te waha me te korokoro
- Ānini
Ko te nuinga o ēnei pānga taha ka memeha haere i roto i ētahi wiki i muri i te mutunga o te maimoatanga. Kōrerohia mā te tuwhera ki tō tākuta mō ngā pānga taha motuhake ka pā ki a koe me pēhea te whakahaere i aua pānga.Mena he kino ngā pānga taha, he rerekē rānei te āhua o te mate, whakamōhio atu ki tō tākuta, ki tō pokapū maimoatanga rānei i taua wā tonu. Mēnā he kino rawa ngā āhuatanga, he mea nui kia haere koe ki te Wāhanga Maimoatanga Ohotata (ETU) o te hōhipera.
Karere Tangohia ki te Kāinga
- He tikanga maimoatanga tino noa, kāore he mamae, ā, he tino arotahi te EBRT mō te mate pukupuku e whakamahia ana i ēnei rā.
- Ka mahia tēnei e tētahi tīma tākuta tohunga. Ko tana whāinga matua he whakangaro i ngā pūtau matepukupuku anake, me te tiaki anō hoki i ngā pūtau hauora.
- He mea noa ngā pānga taha, engari he wā poto noa iho. Ko te momo pānga taha e pā ana, e whakawhirinaki ana ki te wāhanga o te tinana e rongoatia ana.
- He mea tino nui kia kōrero mārama, kia pono hoki ki tō tākuta mō te maimoatanga, ngā pānga taha, ngā wehi, ngā āwangawanga rānei kei a koe.
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