He tangata koe e mātaki ana i ngā whakaari taihara i te pouaka whakaata? He tangata rānei koe e whakaaro ana, "He aha te mea i tupu ki tēnei matenga?" ina kite koe i tētahi pūrongo mō tētahi matenga ngaro i roto i te nūpepa? I ngā wā pēnei, kotahi te kupu e rangona pinepinetia ana e tātou ko "Te Tohunga Mate Tūpāpaku." Engari he tokomaha o tātou kāore e mōhio ko wai tēnei tohunga mate tūpāpaku, me tana mahi. Nō reira, i tēnei rā, me kōrero tātou mō tēnei mara hauora tino nui.
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Ko wai tēnei 'tākuta taihara motuhake'?
He māmā noa iho, ko te tākuta tirotiro mate he tākuta e whakahaere ana i ngā tirotiro hauora mō ngā matenga ohorere, whakapae, ā-taiao, tutu rānei. Ko rātou te hunga e rapu ana i te take o te matenga, te āhua o te matenga, me ngā taunakitanga hauora e pā ana ki taua matenga.
Ko tā rātou mahi matua ko te tirotiro i muri i te matenga , arā, he tirotiro hauora i te tinana o te tangata kua mate. He hononga tata tā rātou mahi ki te rongoā me te ture.
Ko te "Pathology" te peka o te rongoā e tirotiro ana i ngā tauira kiko tinana i roto i te taiwhanga hei tātaritanga mate, hei tirotiro rānei i ngā take taihara. Ko te tikanga o te kupu "forensic" he "e pā ana ki te tikanga pūtaiao mō te whakaoti hara." Ahakoa tēnei ingoa, ehara i te mea ko ngā matenga katoa e tirohia ana e ngā tākuta taihara he hara tonu. I ētahi wā he aituā, he mate hauora kāore anō kia tautuhia.
He aha ngā mātanga o ēnei tākuta?
Ko te tohunga mate pāwera he tangata kua whiwhi whakangungu motuhake e hira ake ana i tā te tākuta noa. He maha ngā mara e pā ana ki tōna mātauranga. Me titiro tātou ki ērā.
| Marae Motuhake | He whakamārama māmā |
|---|---|
| Te Toxicology | Koinei te pūtaiao e ako ana i ngā paitini, me pēhea te pānga ki te tinana, me pēhea te tautuhi i a rātou. Hei tauira, ko ngā mate i puta mai i ngā mea pēnei i te paihana waro hauota, te ngau a te nakahi, te ngau pepeke rānei, me te nui rawa o ngā opioids, waipiro rānei, ka tirotirohia mā tēnei. I Sri Lanka, ko ngā mate i puta mai i ngā mea pēnei i ngā matū ahuwhenua kei raro anō i tēnei wāhanga. Ki te whakapae tetahi kei te paitini koe, rapua he mōhiohio mōna.Ka taea e koe te waea atu ki te National Paihana Information Center i te National Hospital. |
| Te pūtaiao o ngā pū me ngā matā (Ballistics) | Ko tēnei ko te ako i te nekehanga o ngā pere pērā i ngā matā me ngā pānga e pā mai ana. Mēnā ka mate tetahi i te patunga o te pū, he mea nui tēnei mōhiotanga hei whakatau i te āhua o te urunga o te matā ki te tinana me te kino i puta mai. |
| Te Whai i ngā Taunakitanga | Koinei ngā mea tino iti ka mahue ina tukinga te tangata, te taonga rānei e rua. Hei tauira, ngā mea pēnei i te kākahu, te wai o te tinana, te paura pū, te makawe, ngā tapumati. Ahakoa kāore ēnei e kitea e te kanohi tahanga, he taunakitanga nui ēnei hei whakatau i te take o te matenga. |
| Te whakamātautau serology | Kei roto i tēnei ko te ako i te toto me ētahi atu wai o te tinana. Ka tirohia ēnei tauira e ngā kaipūtaiao tūpāpaku i raro i te karuārai, ka whakamahia rānei ngā mīhini rerekē hei whakamātautau. He maha ngā mea ka kitea i tēnei, pērā i te momo toto o te tupapaku me te mea he mate hauora tōna. |
| Hangarau DNA | Ko te DNA te mōhiohio ira o tātou. Ka whakamahia tēnei hangarau e ngā kaipūtaiao tūpāpaku. Hei tauira, ka whakamahia e rātou hei whakataurite i tētahi tauira DNA i kitea i te wāhi hara ki te DNA o tētahi tangata whakapae, hei whakaū rānei i te tuakiri o tētahi tinana kāore i te mōhiotia. |
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Check Availability →He aha tonu te mahi a te tohunga mate pāwera?
Ko te mahi matua a te kaitirotiro tūpāpaku he whakatau i te tikanga, te wā, me te āhua o te matenga mēnā ka puta he matenga ohorere, he matenga tūkino rānei. Ko te āhua o te matenga, ko te mea mēnā he kōhuru, he whakamomori, he aituā, he taiao, he kore rānei i te mōhiotia.
Hei kimi i ēnei mea, ka whai te kaipūtaiao taihara i ēnei mahi:
- Te whakaū i te tuakiri o te tupapaku: Ko te taahiraa tuatahi ko te whakaū i te tuakiri o te tupapaku. Ka kohia ngā mōhiohio e tika ana.
- Te ako i ngā hītori hauora o te tupapaku: Ka tirohia e mātou ngā mate me ngā rongoā o mua a te tupapaku, nā te mea ka taea e tēnei te whakarato i ngā tohu ki te pūtake o te matenga.
- Aromatawai i ngā taunakitanga o te wāhi hara: Mena e whakapaetia ana he hara te matenga, ka mahi tahi mātou me ngā pirihimana ki te tirotiro i te hononga i waenga i ngā taunakitanga i te wāhi hara me te matenga.
- Te whakahaere i tētahi tātaritanga tūpāpaku: Koinei tā rātou mahi matua. Ka āta tirohia e rātou te tinana, i waho, i roto hoki, mō ngā whara, ngā mate rānei. Ka tuhia e rātou ngā mea katoa ka kitea e rātou, nā te mea he taunakitanga tino nui tēnei i roto i te kooti ture.
- Te kohikohi me te tātari i ngā taunakitanga taihara: Ka kohia ngā taunakitanga arotahi, pērā i ngā makawe, ngā miro, me ngā mea ririki i kitea i raro i te kiri, ka tirotirohia i roto i te taiwhanga.
Kia oti ēnei tirotirohanga katoa, ka whakarite te kaitirotiro tūpāpaku i tētahi pūrongo tuhituhi katoa e whakamārama ana i te take, te wā, me te āhua o te matenga. Mēnā e tika ana, me whakaatu pea rātou hei kaiwhakaatu tohunga i roto i te kooti mō ēnei āhuatanga.
Haunga ngā tātaritanga tupapaku, ka uru atu hoki ngā tohunga mate taihara ki te tirotiro i ngā tāngata ora kua tukinotia, kua tukinotia rānei.
He aha te rerekētanga i waenga i te Kairangahau Mate Pūtaiao, te Kaitirotiro Matewhawhati me te Kaitirotiro Hauora?
Ahakoa kua rongo tātou i ēnei ingoa e toru, he iti noa ngā rerekētanga. I roto i te whakamahinga a te iwi o Sri Lanka, tera pea he rerekē te whakamahinga o ēnei.
- Tohunga Mate Pūtaiao: Koinei te tohungatanga hauora i kōrerohia e tātou. He tohu me te whakangungu hauora tēnei e whakawhiwhia ana e te tākuta.
- Kaiwhakamātautau Hauora: Koinei te taitara mahi a te tohunga mate taihara e mahi ana i roto i tētahi tari kāwanatanga (hei tauira, te Tari Āpiha Hauora Whakawā - tari JMO). Ko te tikanga ka taea e te tangata te noho hei Tohunga Mate Taihara me te Kaiwhakamātautau Hauora i te wā kotahi.
- Kaitirotiro Matewhawhati: He āpiha kāwanatanga kua tohua, kua pōtitia rānei tēnei. Ko te mahi matua ko te whakamana i te take o te mate. I te nuinga o ngā whenua, ehara te Kaitirotiro Matewhawhati i te tākuta. Nō reira, ka mahi tahi rātou me te tohunga mate urutā. I Sri Lanka, ka mahia tēnei mahi e ngā kaitirotiro matewhawhati.
Me pēhea koe e noho ai hei tohunga tātaritanga tūpāpaku?
He haerenga roa, he haerenga whakatapua hoki tēnei. Hei tohunga tirotiro ture, me eke koe ki ēnei taumata mātauranga:
1. Taumata Matatau: Tuatahi, me whai tohu koe hei whakauru ki te wāhanga hauora o te whare wānanga.
2. Tohu hauora: Me ako koe i te kura hauora mō ngā tau 5-6, ā, me whiwhi i te tohu hauora pēnei i te MBBS.
3. Tauira mahi:I muri i te whakawhiwhinga tohu, me whakaoti e koe he mahi tauira kotahi tau te roa.
4. Whakangungu paerua: Whai muri i tēnā, me whai tonu koe i ngā whakangungu paerua kia whiwhi ai koe i te tohungatanga i roto i te mara o te Pathology.
5. Whakangungu tohunga: Whai muri i taua whakangungu, me whiwhi koe i ētahi atu whakangungu motuhake i raro i te mara motuhake o te Pathology Forensic.
Ahakoa ēnei mea katoa, e 12-14 tau te roa hei tohunga tātaritanga taihara. E whakaatu ana tēnei i te nui o te whakapau kaha e hiahiatia ana hei mahi i tēnei.
Karere Tangohia ki te Kāinga
- Ko te tohunga mate pāwera he tākuta e whakahaere ana i ngā whakamātautau hauora o ngā matenga whakapae, ohorere, tūkino rānei.
- Ko tā rātou mahi matua he tirotiro i te tinana kia tika ai te whakatau i te take, te āhua, me te wā o te matenga.
- Ehara i te mea me he hara ngā matenga katoa e tirotirohia ana e rātou; tera pea i puta mai i ngā aituā, i ngā take taiao rānei.
- Hei tohunga i tēnei mara, he maha ngā tau o te whakangungu motuhake e hiahiatia ana, me te tohu hauora anō hoki.
- He mea tino nui ā rātou kitenga ki te whakatinanatanga o te ture me te whakaputa i te tika.
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