Kua whakaaro koe me pēhea te tere o te tupu ina hiahia koe ki te neke i tō ringa? Me pēhea rānei te kukume i tō tātou ringa ki muri i muri i te pā atu ki tētahi mea wera? Ka puta katoa ēnei mea nā te tere o ngā karere hiko e haere ana mai i tō tātou roro ki ētahi atu wāhanga o tō tātou tinana, mai i ngā wāhanga o tō tātou tinana hoki ki tō tātou roro. Nō reira, he 'pani tiaki' motuhake kei roto i ō tātou pūtau io e āwhina ana i ēnei karere kia tere te haere, me te kore he raruraru. Koinei te mea e kiia nei e tātou ko te Myelin Sheath . I tēnei rā ka kōrero tātou mō tēnei myelin sheath whakamiharo.
He whakarāpopototanga, he aha tēnei pūtu myelin?
Whakaarohia he waea kotahi te hiko o tō mātou whare. He uhi kirihou kei taua waea. He aha ai? Ko tētahi he tiaki i te waea. Ko tētahi he āwhina i te hiko kia tere te haere ki te wāhi e tika ana kia haere, me te kore e turuturu ki ētahi atu wāhi.
Pērā anō hoki te pūeru myelin. He paninga motuhake tēnei i hangaia mai i ngā lipid me ngā pūmua . Ka takaihia tēnei pūeru myelin ki te wāhanga roa rawa atu o ō tātou neurons, te 'waea' matua e kawe ana i ngā karere. Ehara i te mea ko te pūtau io anake te mea hei tiaki, engari ka āwhina hoki i ngā tohu hiko kia tere me te whai hua te haere.
Kia mārama tātou i te tuatahi ki ngā wāhanga o te pūtau io.
Hei mārama ki tēnei, me whakarite he neuron ki tētahi rākau iti. Kātahi ka taea e koe te maumahara ki tēnei me te tino māmā.
1. Tinana pūtau (Soma): He rite tēnei ki te pūnaha pakiaka o te rākau. Pērā i te mimiti a ngā pakiaka o te rākau i ngā matūkai mai i te oneone, ka 'mimitia' e ngā dendrite , arā, ngā wāhanga rite ki te pakiaka o te tinana pūtau, ngā karere matū mai i ētahi atu pūtau io tata. Kātahi ka hurihia ēnei karere matū hei tohu hiko. Kei tēnei wāhanga hoki te pūtake o te pūtau.
2. Ākona: Koinei te wāhanga roa e rite ana ki te take o te rākau. Pērā i te haere o ngā matūkai mai i ngā pakiaka o te rākau ki runga i te take, ka haere ngā tohu hiko e puta ana i roto i te tinana pūtau i roto i tēnei ākona.
3. Te Pūtake o te Ākiona: He rite tēnei ki ngā puku i ngā pito o ngā manga o te rākau. Pērā i ngā rau me ngā putiputi e puta mai ana i aua puku, ka 'tuku' te pūtake o te ākiona i taua tohu hiko ki te pūtau io e whai ake nei.
Koinei te āhua o te peke o ngā karere mai i tētahi pūtau io ki tētahi atu. He rite ki te reihi whakawhiti. Koinei te āhua o te haere o ngā karere mai i tō tātou roro me te taurakira puta noa i ō tātou tinana. Ka kōpiri ngā uaua o ō ringaringa, ka manawa koe, ka pā te pao o tō ngākau, ā, ko tēnei tukanga whakawhitiwhiti kōrero whakamiharo te mea e whakahaeretia ana.
He aha ngā mahi matua a te pūkahu myelin?
E ai ki tā tātou i kōrero ai i mua ake nei, e toru ngā mahi matua a te pūkahu myelin.
- Te whakarato haumarutanga: pērā i te hikoPērā i te takai kirihou e karapoti ana i te waea, he pai te tiaki a tēnei paninga o ngā ngako me ngā pūmua mō te axon o te pūtau io.
- Te tere haere: Koinei te mea tino nui. Mā te pūeru myelin ka taea e ngā tohu hiko te haere tere me te whai hua mai i tētahi pūtau io ki tētahi atu.
- Te pupuri i te kaha o te tohu: I te haere o te tohu hiko i te taha o te axon, ka ngoikore pea. Heoi, ka āwhina te pūeru myelin ki te pupuri i te kaha o te tohu me te kore e whakaiti .
Ki te kī ngāwari, ki te kore te pūeru myelin, ka tino puhoi, ka kore hoki e whai hua te whakawhitiwhiti karere i roto i ō tātou tinana. He rite ki te ngana ki te haere mai i Colombo ki Matara mā ngā rori kāinga kāore he huarahi nui.
Ka aha mēnā ka pakaru te pūkahu myelin?
E tata ana ki te 100 piriona ngā pūtau io kei roto i tō tātou tinana e pupuhi tonu ana. Ko ā tātou mahi katoa e whakahaeretia ana e tēnei whakawhitiwhiti karere. Nō reira, whakaarohia te mea ka tupu mēnā ka pakaru te pūkahukahu myelin e karapoti ana i ēnei pūtau io. Kātahi ka tīmata aua tohu hiko tere ki te haere āta haere, ka mutu rānei .
Ko te take matua o tēnei kino, ko te whakaaro hē a tō tātou ake pūnaha ārai mate he mea kino te pūkahu myelin ki te tinana mai i waho. Kātahi ka tīmata ā tātou pūtau ārai mate ki te whakaeke i te pūkahu myelin. Ka whakangaromia te myelin e tēnei whakaeke. Ka kiia tēnei tukanga ko te demyelination . I roto i te wā, ka whakangaromia ngā pūtau e hanga ana i te myelin. Mā tēnei ara, ka puta he tohu rerekē i runga i te wāhi i pakaru ai te pūkahu myelin.
He aha ngā mate ka pakaru i te pūkahu myelin?
He maha ngā mate e kino ai te pūkahukahu myelin. Tērā pea kua rongo koe i ētahi o aua mate. Me wehewehe ēnei mate kia rua ngā wāhanga: ko ērā e pā ana ki tō tātou pūnaha io matua (CNS), arā, ko te roro me te taurakira, me ērā e pā ana ki te pūnaha io taha (PNS), arā, ko ngā io toenga o te tinana.
| Ngā mate e kino ai te myelin i roto i te pūnaha io matua (CNS) | |
|---|---|
| Ingoa Mate | He whakamārama māmā |
| Te Mate Pukupuku Maha (MS) | Koinei te mate tino noa, tino mōhiotia hoki o ngā mate e kino ana ki te myelin. Ka whakaekea te myelin i roto i te roro me te taurakira. |
| Te mate pukupuku horapa whakapeka | He tauhohenga ārai mate ohorere, kino hoki tēnei e puta ana i roto i te pūnaha io matua. He tino onge tēnei mate. |
| Te myelitis whakawhiti | He mate pūnaha ārai mate tēnei e puta ai te mumura i roto i te taurakira. |
| Neuromyelitis whatu | I konei, ka whakaekea e ngā paturopi te io whatu me te taurakira. |
| Ngā mate e kino ai te myelin i roto i te pūnaha io peripheral (PNS) | |
|---|---|
| Ingoa Mate | He whakamārama māmā |
| Te mate Guillain-Barre | He āhuatanga e puta pinepine ana i muri i te mate. He tino onge, ka puta anō hoki i muri i te werohanga. |
| Te polyradiculoneuropathy demyelinating mumura mau tonu (CIDP) | He mate pūnaha ārai mate tēnei e āta whanake haere ana e whakaeke ana i te myelin. |
| Te mate niho Charcot Marie | He mate tuku iho tēnei, arā, he mate pūnaha io e ahu mai ana i ngā ira. |
| Te korenga o te parahi | Ka taea e te korenga o ngā taumata kohuke parahi o te tinana te kino me te ngoikore i te mahi tiaki o te myelin. |
Ka taea te pakaru o te myelin mō ētahi atu take?
Āe. Haunga ngā mate kua whakahuatia i runga ake nei, ka taea te pakaru o te pūkahu myelin nā ētahi atu take.
- Te whiu: I puta mai i te ngoikore o te rere o te toto ki te roro.
- Ngā mate urutā me ngā mate pāwera: Nā ētahi mate urutā me ngā raruraru ki ngā tukanga matū i roto i te tinana.
- Paitini: Te horomitanga o ētahi paitini.
- Te korenga o te huaora B12: He mea nui tēnei huaora mō te hanga o te myelin.
- Ētahi momo rongoā: Hei tauira, ngā rongoā pēnei i te etambutol.
- Te nui o te inu waipiro: He kino hoki te inu waipiro mō te wā roa ki te myelin.
Hei tāpiritanga, i roto i ngā āhuatanga tino onge, tuku iho pērā i te mate Tay-Sachs, kāore pea te pukupuku myelin e hanga tika.
Ka taea te whakakore i te kino o te myelin?
Koinei te pātai tino nui mā te katoa. Ko te rongo pai, āe, ka taea te whakatika i te myelin kua pakaru . Ka taea tēnei whakatika i roto i ō tātou pūnaha io pokapū me te pūnaha io taha.
Ko te mea nui mō tēnei ko te whakahaere i ngā āhuatanga matua e whakangaro ana i te myelin. Hei tauira, he mea tino nui te hoatu rongoā pēnei i te steroids hei whakahaere i te mumura i puta mai i te mahi a te pūnaha ārai mate, me te whakamahi i ētahi atu maimoatanga e whakahaere ana i te pūnaha ārai mate (maimoatanga pehi/whakarerekētanga ārai mate).
Kei te whakahaerehia e ngā kaipūtaiao he nui ngā rangahau mō te whakatika i te myelin kua pakaru. Ahakoa kāore anō kia whakaaetia he rongoā hei whakatika i te myelin, kei te whakaatu mai ngā hua rangahau i ngā tumanakohanga pai mō ngā rā kei te heke mai.
- Kua whakaatuhia e ētahi rangahau he kaha tō te rongoā mate pāwera "clemastine" ki te whakatika i te myelin.
- Kei te haere tonu ngā rangahau mō te āheinga ki te whakaora i te myelin mā te whakamahi i ngā pūtau take.
- Kei te haere tonu ngā rangahau mō ngā rongoā hei tiaki i te pūnaha io mai i ngā kino atu anō.
Nō reira, e whakaatu ana tēnei rangahau he nui te pūmanawa mō ngā maimoatanga pai ake mō ngā tūroro kua pakaru te myelin a meake nei.
Karere Tangohia ki te Kāinga
- Ko te pūkahu myelin he uhi tiaki e karapoti ana i ō tātou pūtau io, ā, he rite tana mahi ki te uhi kirihou i runga i te waea hiko.
- Koia te take ka tere, ka pai hoki te haere o ngā karere hiko i roto i te tinana.
- Ka pakaru pea te pūeru myelin i tētahi hapa i roto i tō tātou ake pūnaha ārai mate, i ētahi atu take rānei. Ka kiia tēnei he demyelination.
- Ko ngā mate kino pēnei i te Multiple Sclerosis (MS) me te Guillain-Barre syndrome ka puta mai i te pakaru o te pukupuku myelin.
- Mena kei a koe ngā tohu e pā ana ki ngā io pērā i te ngoikore, te ngoikore, te uaua rānei ki te hikoi, he mea nui kia toro atu koe ki tō tākuta tonu mō ētahi tohutohu.
- Kei te tinana te kaha ki te whakatika i te myelin kua pakaru, ā, kei te rangahau tonu ngā kaipūtaiao i ngā maimoatanga hou hei āwhina i tēnei.
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