Kua pāngia koe e tētahi aituā kino, kua meinga rānei kia pokanga nui? Tērā pea kua tohua e tō tākuta he rongoā mamae tino kaha hei āwhina i te mamae e kore e taea te tu atu. Ka whakamahia hoki ēnei rongoā mamae hei rongoā i ngā mamae mau tonu, kino pērā i te mate pukupuku. I tēnei rā ka kōrero tātou mō tēnei momo rongoā mamae kaha, e kiia nei ko ngā opioid. Ahakoa he tino whakaora i te mamae, he mea nui kia mōhio tātou katoa ki tētahi atu taha o te moni me ngā mōrearea ka pā mai.
Hei whakarāpopototanga, he aha ēnei Opioids?
He momo rongoā motuhake ngā opioid e whakamahia ana hei rongoā i te mamae ngawari ki te mamae kino. I ētahi wā ka kiia rātou he "narcotics". Ko ētahi o ēnei opioid ka hangaia mā te taiao (hei tauira , mai i te tipu pōpī), ko ētahi ka hangaia mā te hangarau i roto i te taiwhanga.
He tino rerekē te mahi a ēnei. Whakaarohia, ina whara koe i tētahi wāhi o tō tinana, ka tukuna he karere mai i taua wāhi mā roto i ngā io ki te roro e mea ana, "Ko te mamae tēnei." Ko tā ngā opioids he pā ki ngā pūtau io e kawe ana i taua karere, ā, ka aukati i taua karere kei haere ki te roro. Me te mea kei te aukati i te karere. Nō reira, kāore koe e rongo i te mamae kia whai hua rā anō te rongoā.
Heoi, he rerekē te mahi a ēnei rongoā. Ka whakaohokia e rātou te pūnaha utu i roto i ō tātou roro, koia te take ka pāngia ai ētahi tāngata e te harikoa nui, te māmā, me te wairua harikoa (euphoria) ina tangohia ēnei rongoā.
Koia te take he nui rawa te mōrearea o te waranga ki ngā opioids. Ahakoa kei te hiahia koe ki te mutu te tango i te tarukino, kāore tō roro e whakaae. Kei te tono tonu kia puta te harikoa. I roto i te wā, ka taea e koe te whakawhirinaki hinengaro me te tinana ki te tarukino.
Ko tētahi atu raruraru, i te roanga o te wā, ka taunga te tinana ki tēnei rongoā (manawanui). Ko te tikanga o tēnei, kāore e ranea te whakamamae mamae i puta mai i te horopeta tuatahi. Kia whiwhi ai i te whakamarie ōrite, me whakanui haere te horopeta o te rongoā. Mā tēnei āhuatanga ka piki ake te mōrearea o te nui rawa o te horopeta.
Nā te nui o te tūponotanga o te waranga, ki te tohua koe e te tākuta he opioid, ka tino tupato rātou ki te mahi pera. Ka aroturukihia koe e rātou, ā, ka āta whakaitihia te horopeta hei whakaiti i ngā tohumate tango.
He aha ngā momo matua o ngā opioid?
Neke atu i te kotahi rau ngā momo opioid. Ka taea te wehewehe i ēnei ki ngā rōpū matua e toru i runga i te āhua o te whakaputanga:
- Taiao: He mea hanga ēnei mai i ngā matū i tangohia mai i ngā kākano o te tipu pōpī. Ka kiia hoki ēnei he Opiates. (Tauira: Morphine, Codeine).
- Haurua-hanga:Ka hangaia ēnei mā te whakarerekē i ngā opioid tūturu i roto i te taiwhanga (hei tauira, te heroin, te hydrocodone).
- Hanganga: He mea hanga katoa ēnei i roto i te taiwhanga, kāore he kai māori (hei tauira, Fentanyl).
Kei te ripanga i raro nei ētahi o ngā opioid e whakamahia whānuitia ana, e kōrerohia ana hoki.
| Ingoa rongoā opioid | He kupu whakataki poto |
|---|---|
| Kōtiine | I te nuinga o te wā ka hoatu hei rongoā mō te mamae ngawari ki te mamae pōturi, hei whakahaere hoki i ētahi momo maremare. |
| Morphine | E whakamahia whānuitia ana mō te mamae nui, inā koa i muri i te pokanga me te mamae o te mate pukupuku. |
| Okikōtona | Ko tētahi atu rongoā kaha mō te mamae ngawari ki te mamae kino. |
| Fentanyl | He rongoā tēnei e 50-100 ngā wā kaha ake i te morphine, ā, ka hoatu i raro i te tirotiro a te tākuta mō te mamae tino kino anake. |
| Methadone | Ka whakamahia hoki hei rongoā mamae, hei rongoā hoki i te hunga e waranga ana ki ētahi atu opioid (ina koa ko te heroin). |
| Heroin | He tarukino turekore tēnei, kāore e wātea mai i runga i te whakahaunga hauora. He tino nui te tūponotanga ka pāngia e te waranga. |
I roto i ngā āhuatanga hea ka tohua ai e ngā tākuta ngā opioids?
E kore te tākuta e tuku noa i tētahi rongoā kaha pēnei. Ka tukuna noa ēnei mō te mamae nui kāore e taea te whakahaere e ētahi atu rongoā whakamamae mamae.
- Mamae whakapeka: He mamae kino, he mamae wā poto e pā ana ki te tinana i muri i tētahi aituā nui, whati wheua, pokanga nui rānei.
- Mamae e pā ana ki te mate pukupuku: Te whakahaere i te mamae kino me te mamae roa i roto i ngā tūroro mate pukupuku.
- Mamae mau tonu: I ētahi wā, ka pāngia e te mamae roa e kore e taea te whakahaere e ētahi atu maimoatanga.
- Manaaki mamae: Hei whakaiti i te mamae me te kore whakamarie o te tūroro e pāngia ana e te mate kore e taea te whakaora, me te āwhina i a rātou kia noho whakamarie.
He maha ngā āhua o ēnei opioid, pērā i ngā papa/kāpūru, ngā wai rongoā, ngā werohanga, me ngā pūwero rongoā.
He aha ētahi mea kāore e tika ana kia whakamahia tahi me ngā opioids?
He mea tino nui tēnei. Mena kei te tango koe i ngā opioids, he mea nui kia kōrero koe ki tō tākuta mō ngā rongoā katoa e tangohia ana e koe, tae atu ki ngā huaora me ngā hua otaota. Kia pono hoki mō ngā matū katoa e tangohia ana e koe, pērā i te waipiro. Ka pā mai pea ētahi o ēnei i ngā pānga kino rawa atu ina honoa ki ngā opioids.
Kei raro nei ētahi mea ka pā kino ki ngā opioids.
| Rauemi taunekeneke | mōrearea pea |
|---|---|
| Waipiro | Ka taea te pā mai te hiamoe nui, te ngaro o te māramatanga, te puhoi rawa, te mutu rānei o te manawa, tae atu ki te mate. Kaua rawa e inu waipiro me ngā opioid. |
| Benzodiazepines me ngā pire moe | He rite tonu te mōrearea o tēnei ki te waipiro. Ka uaua te manawa, ka hiamoe rawa hoki. |
| Ngā rongoā whakangāwari uaua | Ka whakanui ake i te hiamoe me te whanoke. |
| Ko ētahi paturopi me ngā rongoā harore | Ka taea e ēnei te whakanui ake i ngā taumata opioid i roto i te tinana. |
| Ko ētahi rongoā ārai-hopu | Ka whakaiti pea i te pānga whakamamae mamae o ngā opioid, ka whakanui ake rānei i ngā pānga taha. |
He aha ngā pānga taha me ngā raruraru o ngā opioids?
Pērā i ngā rongoā katoa, he pānga taha anō hoki ō ngā opioid. He iti noa iho ētahi, ko ētahi he tino mōrearea.
| Ngā pānga taha me ngā raruraru nui o te whakamahinga opioid | |
|---|---|
| Ngā pānga taha noa | |
| Te hiamoe me te puhoi | Te puhoi o te whakaaro me te mahi. |
| Whakapairuaki me te ruaki | He mea tino noa tēnei ina tīmata koe ki te whakamahi i te rongoā. |
| Te kōroke | He pānga taha tino noa tēnei nā te mea ka whakaiti i te mahi a te puku. |
| Pōuriuri (vertigo) | Tērā pea ka pāngia te taurite o te tinana. |
| Ngā raruraru nui hei tūpato | |
| Te nui rawa o te horopeta | He āhuatanga ohorere hauora tēnei. Ko ngā tohu ko te manawa papaku rawa, te puhoi o te ngakau, me te ngaro o te māramatanga. Me haria koe ki te Wāhanga Maimoatanga Ohotata (ETU) o te hōhipera i taua wā tonu. |
| Te Whakawhirinakitanga Tinana | Ka puta ngā tohu whakamomori pērā i te werawera, te mamae o te tinana, me te manukanuka ina mutu te tango i te rongoā, ina whakaitihia rānei te horopeta. |
| Te Pōuri o te Manawa | Kāore pea e ranea te hau e whiwhi ai ngā pukahukahu. Tērā pea ka piki ake ngā taumata o te hauhā waro i roto i te toto. |
| Manawanui | I roto i te wā, ka hiahiatia he horopeta nui ake hei whakatutuki i te whakamamae mamae ōrite. |
Ki te whakapae koe kua horomia e tetahi, inā koa he tamaiti nohinohi, tētahi o ēnei rongoā, he āhuatanga ohorere tēnei. Waea atu ki te National Poisons Information Center i te Colombo National Hospital mō ētahi tohutohu i a koe e kawe ana i a rātou ki te hōhipera.
Ka aha mēnā ka tangohia e koe ngā Opioids mō te wā roa?
Ka taea e te whakamahinga roa o ngā opioids te whakararu i te maha atu o ngā raruraru.
- Te kōroke mau tonu
- Pūnaha ārai mate ngoikore
- Te pouri
- Te pikinga ake o te mōrearea o te mate ngakau
- He tino teitei te mōrearea o te waranga me te nui rawa o te horomanga
- Te ngoikore o te moepuku me te heke o te hiahia
- Ngā raruraru e pā ana ki te moe
- Te hyperalgesia i puta mai i te opioid: He mea rerekē tēnei. Ina tangohia e koe te rongoā mamae, ka piki ake te aro o te tinana ki te mamae nā te rongoā. Ko te tikanga o tēnei, ahakoa te mamae ngawari, ka tīmata te kaha ake o te mamae.
He momo rongoā tino kaha, he whai hua hoki ngā opioid, engari me whakamahi noa i raro i te tirotiro a te tākuta, i roto i te horopeta kua whakaritea, me te wā hoki kua whakaritea.Ki te mea kei te tīmata koe ki te whakamahi i tēnei rongoā, kei te pāngia rānei tō oranga, kaua e whakama, kaua hoki e mataku. Kōrero tonu atu ki tō tākuta mō tēnei mea. He huarahi hei tiki āwhina.
Karere Tangohia ki te Kāinga
- He momo rongoā mamae kaha rawa ngā opioid e tohua ana mō te mamae nui anake.
- He tino teitei te mōrearea o te waranga ki ēnei. Nō reira, kaua e whakamahi i te nui atu i te horopeta i tohua e tō tākuta, kaua hoki e whakamahi mō te wā roa atu i te wā i whakaritea.
- Kaua e hoatu ō opioid kua tohua ki tētahi atu mō tētahi take. Tērā pea ka mate koe.
- Mena kei te tango koe i ngā opioids, kia pono ki tō tākuta mō ngā rongoā katoa, te waipiro, me ētahi atu matū e whakamahia ana e koe.
- Ki te mea kei te whakaaro koe kei te whakawhirinaki koe ki te rongoā, kaua e whakamā, kōrero ki tō tākuta, rapua he awhina.
- Ki te kite koe i ngā tohu o te nui rawa o te horomanga, pērā i te uaua ki te manawa, te hiamoe nui, te ngaronga rānei o te māramatanga, whakaarohia he āhuatanga ohorere tēnei, ā, haria tonutia te tūroro ki te Wāhanga Maimoatanga Ohotata (ETU) o te hōhipera.
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