I tēnei rā ka kōrero tātou mō tētahi kaupapa he kaupapa tapu, engari he mea tino nui. He mea nui rawa tēnei mō ngā tāne taitamariki. Kua rongo koe i tētahi mea rerekē, pērā i te pupuhi iti, i roto i ō ure? He mea noa te mataku mēnā ka rongo koe i tētahi mea pēnei. Engari i mua i tō mataku, he mea pai kia tino mōhio koe ki tēnei. Nā te mea he mate te mate pukupuku ure ka taea te whakaora katoa mēnā ka kitea wawe.
He aha tonu te mate pukupuku o te kōpū?
Ki te kī ngāwari, ka puta te mate pukupuku o te kōpū ina tīmata te tipu rerekē me te kore e taea te whakahaere i ngā pūtau o roto i ngā kōpū. Mā tēnei tipu o ngā pūtau ka puta he puku, he pukupuku rānei.
Nā, kia titiro tātou ki ngā mahi a ngā porotiti me ā rātou mahi. He rite ngā porotiti e rua i roto i tō tinana ki ngā nati e rua. Kei roto i tētahi pēke kiri i raro iho i te ure. Ka kiia tēnei ko te kiri papatahi. E rua ā rātou mahi matua:
1. Te whakaputanga o te parāoa.
2. Te whakaputanga o te testosterone, he homoni tāne.
Pērā i ngā mate pukupuku katoa, he mate kino tēnei. Engari ko te rongo pai ko te mate pukupuku o te kōpū he mate ka taea te rongoā, ā, ka taea te whakaora katoa.
He aha ngā momo matua o tēnei mate pukupuku?
Tata ki te 90% o ngā mate pukupuku o te kōpū e puta mai ana i ngā pūtau ira, arā, ngā pūtau tuatahi e puta ai te parāoa. E rua ngā momo matua o ēnei. He mea nui te mōhio ki te rerekētanga i waenga i ngā mea e rua hei whakatau i te maimoatanga.
| Momo mate pukupuku | Whakaahuatanga |
|---|---|
| Seminoma | Ka puhoi te tipu o tēnei momo, ā, ko te nuinga o te wā ka pā ki te hunga i waenga i te 40 me te 50 tau te pakeke. |
| Kore-seminoma | Ka tere ake te tipu o tēnei momo i te seminoma. Ko te nuinga ka pā ki te hunga rangatahi, arā, ko te hunga i waenga i te 15 ki te 35 tau te pakeke. He maha ngā momo o ēnei. |
I ētahi wā, ka uru pea ki roto i te pukupuku matepukupuku he ranunga o ngā momo pūtau e rua.
He pēhea te noa o tēnei mate?
He mate tino onge te mate pukupuku o te kōpū. Tata ki te kotahi i roto i te 250 tāne ka pāngia. Heoi, ko te mea motuhake mōna ko te momo mate pukupuku tino noa i roto i ngā tāne i waenga i te 15 me te 35 tau te pakeke .
Me pēhea te mōhio ki tēnei? He aha ngā tohu?
Ko te tohu tino kitea o te mate pukupuku o te kōpū ko te puku kore mamae i roto i te kōpū, engari tera pea ētahi atu tohu.
Ko te mea nui, ka taea hoki ēnei tohu te puta mai i ētahi atu mate hauora. Nō reira kaua e mataku ina kite koe i ēnei. Engari, kaua hoki e warewaretia. Me toro atu ki te tākuta, kia tirohia hoki koe.
| Tohu | He whakamārama ngāwari noa iho |
|---|---|
| He puku, he pupuhi rānei | Te rongo i tētahi puku, i tētahi rānei o ngā rae e rua. He maha ngā wā kāore he mamae. |
| He ahua taimaha i roto i te kiriuhi | He kare ā-roto e taimaha ana i roto i te kiriuhi, he kare ā-roto rānei e kī ana te wai i roto. |
| He mamae moemoeā | He mamae ngawari, he ngau kino rānei i te puku o raro, i te rohe rānei o te hope. |
| Mamae, koretake rānei | Te mamae, te kore whakamarie rānei i roto i ngā rauropi, i te kiriuhi rānei. |
| Te whakaiti i te pūkahukahu | Te iti, te mimiti rānei o tētahi o ngā ure (te ngoikore o ngā ure). |
Mā te whakaroa i te tātaritanga ka roa ake te horapa o ngā pūtau matepukupuku. Ka uaua ake te maimoatanga. Nō reira, he mea tino nui kia tere te mahi.
He aha ngā āhuatanga mōrearea mō te whakawhanaketanga o te mate pukupuku o te kōpū?
Kāore anō kia mōhiotia te tino pūtake o te mate pukupuku o te kōpū. Heoi, kua kitea e ngā kairangahau ka taea e ētahi āhuatanga te whakanui ake i te tūponotanga, te mōrearea rānei, o te whanaketanga o te mate. Ka kiia ēnei he āhuatanga mōrearea.
- Tau: Ko te mea tino noa i waenga i te hunga i waenga i te 15 me te 35 tau te pakeke.
- Ngā rakuraku kāore i heke iho: I te nuinga o te wā, ka whanake ngā rakuraku i roto i te puku i te whanaketanga o te tamaiti i roto i te kōpū. Ka tau ki roto i te kiriuhi i mua i te whānautanga. I ētahi wā, kāore tēnei e tupu. Ahakoa ka whakatikatikaina tēnei āhuatanga mā te pokanga, ka piki ake te tūponotanga o te mate pukupuku rakuraku ā muri ake nei.
- Hītori whānau: Mena kua pāngia tō pāpā, tō tungāne rānei e te mate, he nui ake te tūponotanga ka pāngia koe e te mate. Ka taea hoki e ētahi āhuatanga ira (pēnei i te Klinefelter Syndrome) te whakanui ake i tō tūponotanga.
- Te mate pukupuku i roto i te kotahi o ngā ure: Ki te ora te tangata i te mate pukupuku i roto i te kotahi o ngā ure, he iti noa te tūponotanga ki te pāngia e te mate pukupuku i roto i te ure kē.
- Te kore tamariki: Kua whakaatuhia e ētahi rangahau he hononga pea i waenga i ētahi āhuatanga e pā ana ki te kore tamariki o ngā tāne me te mate pukupuku o te kōpū. Kei te rangahauhia tonutia tēnei.
E te tākuta, me pēhea e tautuhia ai tēnei?
Ina haere koe ki te tākuta, ka mahia e ia ētahi whakamātautau hei tātaritanga tika i tēnei mate. Kaua e manukanuka, kia tirohia tātou he aha ēnei mahi.
1. Te whakamātautau tinana me te hītori hauora: Tuatahi, ka pātai te tākuta ki a koe mō ō tohu. Kātahi, ka tirotirohia e ia ō poroporo kia kitea ai he puku, he pupuhi rānei. Mena he ruarua kei te horapa te mate pukupuku, ka tirohia pea ngā kōpū lymph.
2. Matawai Ultrasound: Mena ka kitea he mea rerekē i te wā o te whakamātautau, ko te matawai ultrasound te mahi e whai ake nei. He whakamātautau kore mamae tēnei. Ka taea e ia te whakarato i tētahi pikitia mārama o roto i ngā poro. Ka taea e ia te kōrero ki a koe mēnā he totoka, he wai rānei te puku, me te tūponotanga he mate pukupuku.
3. Pokanga me te Biopsy (Inguinal Orchiectomy me te Biopsy):Mena he tohu tino kaha te matawai he mate pukupuku, ko te mahi e whai ake nei ko te tango pokanga i te ure e pāngia ana. Ka mahia tēnei mā te tapahi iti i te rohe o te uma. Ka tangohia tetahi wahi o te ure ka tirohia i raro i te karuārai (biopsy). Mā tēnei whakamātautau ka whakaū mēnā kei reira ngā pūtau mate pukupuku.
Ētahi atu whakamātautau e hiahiatia ana pea
- Whakamātautau Tohu Puku i roto i te toto: Ka tukuna e ētahi momo matepukupuku ētahi matū motuhake ki roto i te toto. Ka kiia ēnei he 'tohu pukupuku'. I roto i te matepukupuku testicle, ka taea te whakanui ake i ngā taumata o te 'AFP', te 'HCG' me te 'LDH'. Mā te titiro ki ngā taumata o ēnei, ka taea e tātou te whiwhi whakaaro mō te momo matepukupuku me tōna horapa.
- Ngā matawai CT, ngā hihi-X, me ngā MRI: Ka whakamahia ēnei matawai hei tirotiro mēnā kua horapa te mate pukupuku ki ētahi atu wāhi i waho o te kōpū, hei tauira, ki ngā kōpū lymph i roto i te puku, ki ngā pukahukahu, ki te roro rānei.
He aha ngā wāhanga o te mate pukupuku?
Kia whakaūtia te mate, ka whakatauhia e te tākuta te taumata o te mate pukupuku. Ko te tikanga tēnei ko te tawhiti o te horapa o te mate pukupuku. Ka whakaritea te maimoatanga i runga i tēnei taumata.
- Wāhanga 0: Kua tupu ngā pūtau rerekē, engari kei roto tonu i te rauropi.
- Wāhanga I: Ka pā te mate pukupuku ki te roro anake.
- Wāhanga II: Kua horapa te mate pukupuku ki ngā kōpū lymph i te tuarongo o te puku.
- Wāhanga III: Kua horapa te mate pukupuku ki ngā pona lymph i waho o te puku, ki ētahi atu whekau rānei pērā i ngā pukahukahu, te ate, te roro rānei.
He aha ngā maimoatanga mō tēnei?
Ko te tikanga maimoatanga e whakawhirinaki ana ki ētahi āhuatanga, pērā i tō āhua hauora, te momo matepukupuku, me te wāhanga o te matepukupuku.
| Tikanga maimoatanga | Whakaahuatanga |
|---|---|
| Pokanga | Ko te maimoatanga matua, ko te maimoatanga tino noa ko te tango i te pūmua matepukupuku (`Radical inguinal orchiectomy`). I ētahi wā, mēnā kua horapa te matepukupuku, ka taea hoki te mahi pokanga hei tango i ngā pūmua i roto i te puku (`RPLND`). |
| Te Whakaora Irahiko | Ko te tikanga o tēnei ko te whakamahi i ngā hihi-X kaha-nui hei whakangaro i ngā pūtau matepukupuku. Ko te mea tino whakamahia mō te seminoma, he momo matepukupuku, hei ārai i te hokinga mai o te mate i muri i te pokanga. |
| Te rongoā matū | Ko te tikanga o tēnei ko te hoatu i ngā rongoā ki te tinana hei patu i ngā pūtau matepukupuku. Ka taea te hoatu i ēnei rongoā mā roto i te uaua, mā roto rānei i te pire. He mea tino nui tēnei maimoatanga mēnā kua horapa te matepukupuku. |
Ka taea te whakaora rawa i tēnei mate?
Āe! Ae rawa. Koinei te karere pai rawa atu, te karere nui rawa atu hoki mō te mate pukupuku o te kōpū.
He mate te mate pukupuku o te kōpū ka taea te rongoā angitu me te tino ora, neke atu i te 95% te ōrau angitu. Mēnā ka kitea wawe te mate, arā, i ngā wāhanga tōmua, ka eke te ōrau whakaora ki te 98%.
Nō reira, kāore i te maha ngā wā ka mate tēnei mate. Ko te mea nui i konei ko te kitea wawe me te rongoā tika.
Ahakoa kāore e taea e koe te ārai, ka taea e koe te kite wawe! - Whakamātautau-ā-Whaiaro
Kāore he huarahi tino tika hei ārai i te mate pukupuku o te kōpū. Engari kotahi te mea tino nui ka taea e koe te mahi. Ko te mahi i tētahi whakamātautau-whaiaro kōpū ia marama (TSE). Mā tēnei ka hoatu he whakaaro pai ki a koe mō te āhua whānui o ō kōpū. Kātahi, ki te mea he huringa rerekē, pērā i te puku, ka taea e koe te tautuhi wawe.
E rua meneti pea te roa o tēnei.
Anei me pēhea te mahi i tētahi tirotiro whaiaro:
1. Kōwhiria te wā pai: He pai ake te mahi i tēnei i te wā kaukau wera, i muri tonu rānei i te kaukau. Nā te mea ka wetekina te kiri o te kiriuhi i te wera, ka māmā ake te pā atu ki ngā mea o roto.
2. Tirohia tētahi o ngā maihao: Whakatakotoria ō maihao tohu me ō maihao waenga ki raro i te maihao, me tō koromatua ki runga. Inaianei, tirohia te maihao mā te hurihuri ki waenganui i ō maihao.
3. Tāutuhia te mea noa: I te wā e tirotirohia ana, ka rongo koe i tētahi hanganga rite ki te taura i te tuara me te tihi o te testicle. Ko te epididymis te ingoa. Ka rongoa, ka kawe hoki i te parāoa. Kaua e pohehe ki tētahi puku. He mea noa anō hoki kia paku rerekē te rahi o ngā testicle e rua.
4.Kia tūpato ki ngā mea rerekē: I te wā e tirotirohia ana pēnei, tirohia mēnā he tipu hou, he puku, he matotoru, he pupuhi rānei he rite te rahi ki te pī, he nui ake rānei.
5. Tirohia te kēhi atu o te ure i te ara kotahi.
Ki te kite koe i tētahi puku, pupuhi, panoni rahi, tētahi atu mea rerekē rānei, kaua e mataku, kaua hoki e whakaroa, me toro atu ki te tākuta tonu.
He aha te pānga o te maimoatanga ki tōku ao?
He maha ngā tāngata e pātai ana mō te aha ka pā ki ō rātou oranga ā-ira me te āheinga ki te whānau tamariki ina tangohia he rauropi.
I te nuinga o te wā, ka taea e te tinana te whakaputa i te testosterone e tika ana mōna. Nō reira, kāore e heke te hiahia moepuku. Me puta noa te ure me te whakaputa uri.
Waihoki, kotahi te ure e ranea ana hei whānau tamariki. Engari ki te mea he ruarua, he mataku rānei ōu mō tēnei mea, kōrero ki tō tākuta i mua i te tīmatanga o te maimoatanga. Mena e tika ana, ka taea te kohi i tō parāoa i mua i te maimoatanga, ā, ka rongoa haumaru mō te whakamahinga a muri ake nei. Ka kiia tēnei he pēke parāoa.
Karere Tangohia ki te Kāinga
- He mate onge te mate pukupuku o te kōpū, engari koinei te momo mate pukupuku e tino kitea ana i waenga i ngā tāne taitamariki i waenga i te 15-35 tau te pakeke.
- Ko te tohu tino kitea ko te pupuhi kore mamae i roto i te rae.
- Whakamātauria te tirotiro i a koe anō i te marama kotahi. Mā tēnei koe e āwhina ki te kite wawe i ngā huringa.
- Ki te kite koe i ētahi panoni rerekē (he puku, he pupuhi, he mamae), kaua e mataku, kaua e whakama, kaua hoki e whakaroa . Tirohia he tākuta tonu.
- Ka taea te whakaora rawa i tēnei mate me te ōrau whakaora neke atu i te 95% mēnā ka kitea wawe. Nō reira, ko te mōhio me te mahi wawe te mea tino nui.
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