‘ꯔꯦꯇꯤꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯑꯦꯂꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ’, ꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯑꯦꯂꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯀꯅꯥꯅꯣ? (ꯔꯦꯇꯤꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯑꯦꯂꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ) ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯂꯁꯤ!

‘ ꯔꯦꯇꯤꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯑꯦꯂꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ’ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯗꯣꯝꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯕꯤꯔꯝꯂꯒꯅꯤ ? ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯤꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯅꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯑꯦꯂꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯔꯤꯐꯔ ꯇꯧꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯄꯨꯛꯅꯤꯡ ꯆꯪꯂꯤꯕꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯃꯞꯂꯦꯛꯁ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯝ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯅꯥꯅꯣ ‘ꯔꯦꯇꯤꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯑꯦꯂꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ’? ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯂꯤꯕꯅꯣ? ꯃꯁꯤ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯗꯣꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯕꯤꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯏꯆꯝ ꯆꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯁꯤ꯫

‘ꯔꯦꯇꯤꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯑꯦꯂꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ’ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯀꯅꯥꯅꯣ?

ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, ‘ꯔꯦꯇꯤꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯑꯦꯂꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ’ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ (ꯑꯣꯐꯊꯥꯂꯃꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ) . ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯑꯦꯂꯤꯇꯤꯗꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯨꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯅꯤ , ꯔꯦꯇꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯚꯤꯠꯔꯣꯁ ꯕꯣꯗꯤꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯅꯥ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯟ ꯇꯧꯔꯤ ꯫ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯕꯨ ‘ꯚꯤꯠꯔꯦꯑꯣꯔꯦꯇꯤꯅꯜ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯁꯤꯟ’ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥꯁꯨ ꯀꯧꯏ꯫

ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛꯇꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯔꯦꯇꯤꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯅꯕꯤꯔꯃꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯦꯃꯦꯔꯥ ꯑꯃꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯩ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯔꯦꯇꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯦꯃꯦꯔꯥ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯐꯤꯜꯃ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ . ꯃꯉꯥꯂꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯠꯇꯥ ꯆꯪꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯏꯃꯦꯖ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯔꯦꯇꯤꯅꯥꯗꯥ ꯔꯦꯀꯣꯔꯗ ꯇꯧꯏ, ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯃꯉꯥꯜ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯏꯃꯦꯖ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯣꯞꯇꯤꯛ ꯅꯔꯚꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯗꯥ ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯠꯔꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯁꯤꯒꯅꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯊꯥꯏ . ꯃꯗꯨ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯂꯤ꯫

ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯚꯤꯠꯔꯣꯁ ꯕꯣꯗꯤꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯚꯤꯠꯔꯣꯁ ꯍꯨꯃꯔ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥꯁꯨ ꯀꯧꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯂꯦꯟꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯦꯇꯤꯅꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯖꯦꯂꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ . ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯃꯇꯧ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯄꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯆꯥꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫

‘ꯔꯦꯇꯤꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯑꯦꯂꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ’ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯇꯝꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯆꯪꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯁꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯆꯠ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ‘ꯔꯦꯇꯤꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯑꯦꯂꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ’ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯁꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯇꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫

ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯚꯔꯁꯤꯇꯤ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯕꯦꯆꯂꯔ ꯗꯤꯒ꯭ꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯨꯂꯗꯥ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯇꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ . ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯏꯟꯇꯔꯅꯁꯤꯞ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ . ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯂꯦꯄꯆꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯦ꯫ ꯃꯊꯪꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯐꯊꯥꯂꯃꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯗꯥ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯑꯍꯨꯃꯒꯤ ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯗꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ . ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯚꯤꯠꯔꯣꯔꯦꯇꯤꯅꯥꯜ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯁꯤꯅꯗꯥ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯑꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯐꯦꯂꯣꯁꯤꯞ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ .

ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯖꯦꯅꯔꯦꯜ ꯗꯤꯒ꯭ꯔꯤ ꯂꯣꯏꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯱꯰ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯇꯃꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ !

ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯑꯦꯂꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯀꯦꯔꯤꯌꯔ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯅꯧꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯦꯛꯅꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯉꯏ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯅꯧꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯦꯞꯄꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯅꯥ ꯑꯄꯗꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯔꯤ꯫

‘ꯔꯦꯇꯤꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯑꯦꯂꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ’ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯖꯦꯅꯦꯔꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯐꯊꯥꯂꯃꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯀꯌꯥꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯁꯨ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯆꯥꯗꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤ꯫ ‘ꯔꯦꯇꯤꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯑꯦꯂꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ’ ꯑꯃꯁꯨ ꯑꯣꯐꯊꯥꯂꯃꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ . ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯣꯐꯊꯥꯂꯃꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯗꯥ ꯑꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯤꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯖꯦꯅꯦꯔꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯐꯊꯥꯂꯃꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯤꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯛ ꯁꯟꯅꯥ ​​ꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯟ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ‘ꯔꯦꯇꯤꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯑꯦꯂꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ’ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯔꯦꯇꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯚꯤꯠꯔꯣꯁ ꯍ꯭ꯌꯨꯃꯔꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯀꯨꯞꯅꯥ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯤꯡ ꯂꯧꯈ꯭ꯔꯦ꯫ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, ‘ꯔꯦꯇꯤꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯑꯦꯂꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ’ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯖꯦꯅꯦꯔꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯐꯊꯥꯂꯃꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯀꯝꯞꯂꯦꯛꯁ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ‘ꯔꯦꯇꯤꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯑꯦꯂꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ’ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯅꯩ꯫

‘ꯔꯦꯇꯤꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯑꯦꯂꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ’ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯦ?

‘ꯔꯦꯇꯤꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯑꯦꯂꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ’ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯔꯦꯇꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯔꯦꯇꯤꯅꯥꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯀꯨꯂꯥꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯕꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯐꯩ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯚꯤꯠꯔꯣꯁꯇꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯁꯨ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯏ꯫

ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤ:

• ꯆꯍꯤꯒꯥ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯀꯨꯂꯥꯔ ꯗꯤꯖꯦꯅꯦꯔꯦꯁꯟ (AMD): ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯃꯤꯠꯌꯦꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯀꯣꯅꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫
• ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯕꯦꯇꯤꯖꯒꯥ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯕꯥ ꯔꯦꯇꯤꯅꯣꯄꯦꯊꯤ : ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯕꯦꯇꯤꯖ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ , ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯏꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯖꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯤꯠ ꯎꯗꯕꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯔꯦꯇꯤꯟ ꯗꯤꯇꯆꯃꯦꯟꯇ (retinal detachment): ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯦꯃꯔꯖꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯔꯦꯇꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯂꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯄꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫
• ꯃꯦꯀꯨꯂꯥꯔ ꯍꯣꯜ (macular hole): ꯃꯦꯀꯨꯂꯥꯔꯗꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯍꯣꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯃꯦꯀꯨꯂꯥꯔ ꯄꯀꯔ : ꯀꯣꯅꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯥꯛ ꯅꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯀꯆꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯃꯤ꯫
• ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯏꯗ ꯃꯦꯀꯨꯂꯥꯔ ꯏꯗꯤꯃꯥ (cystoid macular edema): ꯀꯣꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫
• ꯔꯦꯇꯤꯟ ꯚꯦꯅꯝ ꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯖꯦꯟ (retinal vein occlusion): ꯃꯤꯠꯇꯥ ꯏ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯚꯦꯅꯝ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯣꯀꯦꯖ꯫
• ꯄꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥꯜ ꯚꯤꯠꯔꯣꯁ ꯗꯤꯇꯆꯃꯦꯟꯇ (PVD): ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯌꯥꯃꯈꯠꯂꯀꯄꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯚꯤꯠꯔꯣꯁ ꯕꯣꯗꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯔꯦꯇꯤꯅꯥꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯞꯅꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫
• ꯚꯤꯠꯔꯣꯃꯦꯀꯨꯂꯥꯔ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯛꯁꯟ (vitreomacular traction): ꯂꯦꯟꯁꯀꯤ ꯚꯤꯠꯔꯣꯁ ꯕꯣꯗꯤ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯀꯣꯟ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯜꯂꯤ꯫
• ꯃꯤꯠꯇꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ, ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ` (uveitis)` ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ` (endophthalmitis)` .
• `(ꯔꯦꯇꯤꯅꯤꯇꯤꯁ ꯄꯤꯒꯃꯦꯟꯇꯣꯁꯥ)` ꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯍꯦꯔꯤꯇꯦꯖ ꯔꯦꯇꯤꯅꯥꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥꯁꯤꯡ꯫
• ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ꯫

‘ꯔꯦꯇꯤꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯑꯦꯂꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ’ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯑꯦꯂꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯣꯅꯤꯛ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯦꯅꯦꯖ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫

• ꯅꯍꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ‘ꯔꯦꯇꯤꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯑꯦꯂꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ’ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡ꯫ꯀꯣꯟꯖꯤꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯑꯥꯏ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯏ꯫
• ꯌꯨꯕꯦꯇꯤꯁꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯦꯇꯔꯤ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯠꯌꯦꯡ ꯆꯪꯕꯥ ꯔꯦꯇꯤꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯑꯦꯂꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯌꯨꯕꯦꯇꯤꯁꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯦꯇꯔꯤ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯦꯅꯦꯖ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫

ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡꯁꯨ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯏ:

• ꯏꯟꯠꯔꯥꯚꯤꯠꯔꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯏꯅꯖꯦꯀꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯚꯤꯠꯔꯣꯁ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯖꯦꯀꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ꯫
• ꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯗ꯭ꯔꯒꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ (Intravitreal implants) .
• ``ꯚꯤꯠꯔꯦꯛꯇꯣꯃꯤ`` (ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯚꯤꯠꯔꯣꯁ ꯕꯣꯗꯤ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯏ)ꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯝꯞꯂꯦꯛꯁ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡ꯫
• ꯒ꯭ꯂꯣꯕ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ .

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ‘ꯔꯦꯇꯤꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯑꯦꯂꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ’ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯑꯥꯁꯥ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯒꯦ?

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯔꯦꯇꯤꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯑꯦꯂꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯎꯅꯒꯗꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯑꯦꯄꯣꯏꯟꯇꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯁꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯀꯅꯤ, ꯄꯨꯡ ꯑꯍꯨꯝ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯒꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯊꯥꯖꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫

ꯃꯔꯨꯞ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯏꯃꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ, ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯑꯦꯀꯖꯥꯃꯤꯅꯦꯁꯟ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯥꯏ ꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯄꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯤꯠꯌꯦꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯈꯔꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯣꯛꯀꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯒꯥꯔꯤ ꯊꯧꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯂꯣꯏ꯫

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯋꯥꯍꯪꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯪꯒꯅꯤ:

• ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯍꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯔꯤ (ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯁꯤꯡ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ)꯫
• ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ꯫
• ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯀꯨꯞꯄꯥ ꯃꯔꯣꯂꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯤꯠꯌꯦꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯛ ꯄꯤꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯑꯦꯀꯖꯥꯃꯤꯅꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯇꯧꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯄꯨꯄꯤꯜ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯃꯆꯨꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯛ ꯍꯣꯜ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯈꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯏ, ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯔꯦꯇꯤꯅꯥ, ꯀꯣꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯄꯇꯤꯛ ꯅꯔꯚ ꯂꯩ꯫

‘ꯔꯦꯇꯤꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯑꯦꯂꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ’ꯅꯥ ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯒ꯭ꯅꯣꯁꯤꯁꯀꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯒꯦ?

‘ꯔꯦꯇꯤꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯑꯦꯂꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ’ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤ:

• ꯁ꯭ꯂꯤꯠ ꯂꯦꯝꯄ ꯑꯦꯀꯖꯥꯃꯤꯅꯦꯁꯟ: ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯒ꯭ꯅꯤꯐꯤꯌꯤꯡ ꯒ꯭ꯂꯥꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯉꯥꯜ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯠ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫
• ` (ꯏꯟꯗꯥꯏꯔꯦꯛꯇ ꯑꯣꯐꯊꯥꯂꯃꯣꯁ꯭ꯀꯣꯄꯤ ꯑꯦꯀꯖꯥꯝ): ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯃꯀꯣꯛꯇꯥ ꯃꯉꯥꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯨꯠꯇꯥ ꯂꯦꯟꯁ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫
• ` (ꯑꯣꯞꯇꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯀꯣꯍꯔꯤꯟꯁ ꯇꯣꯃꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯐꯤ - ꯑꯣ.ꯁꯤ.ꯇꯤ.)`: ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ‘ꯁ꯭ꯀꯦꯟ’ ꯑꯃꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯔꯦꯇꯤꯅꯥꯒꯤ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯣꯁ-ꯁꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯏꯃꯦꯖꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯑꯣꯔꯁꯤꯟ ꯑꯦꯟꯖꯤꯑꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯐꯤ (FFA): ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯚꯦꯅꯝ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯏꯅꯖꯦꯀꯁꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯚꯦꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯐꯣꯇꯣ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ꯫
• ꯏꯟꯗꯣꯁꯥꯏꯅꯤꯟ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯤꯟ ꯑꯦꯟꯖꯤꯑꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯐꯤ (ICG): ꯃꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯏꯟꯗꯣꯁꯥꯏꯅꯤꯟ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯤꯟ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯗꯥꯏ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀꯦꯁ ꯈꯔꯗꯗꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯎꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫

‘ꯔꯦꯇꯤꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯑꯦꯂꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ’ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯋꯥꯍꯪ ꯍꯪꯒꯗꯒꯦ?

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯔꯦꯇꯤꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯑꯦꯂꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯎꯅꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯋꯥꯍꯪꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯄꯦꯄꯔ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯏꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜꯂꯣꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯄꯤꯒꯗꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯈꯪꯖꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯝꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯄꯣꯏꯟꯇꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯞ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯏꯃꯨꯡ-ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯕꯨꯁꯨ ꯄꯨꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯗꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯏꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯒꯅꯤ꯫

ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯍꯪꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯍꯪ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤ:

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ:

• ꯑꯩꯒꯤ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?
• ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?
• ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯠꯌꯦꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯐꯨ ꯄꯤꯕꯒꯦ?
• ꯑꯩꯒꯤ ꯅꯨꯡꯇꯤꯒꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯨꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯔꯥ?
• ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯒꯗꯒꯦ?
• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯩꯉꯣꯟꯗꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯒꯦ?
• ꯃꯁꯤ ꯍꯦꯔꯤꯇꯦꯖꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯔꯥ? ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯒꯗꯤ ꯑꯩꯒꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯐꯪꯕꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ:

• ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯗꯣꯝꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯇꯃꯖꯔꯤꯕꯒꯦ?
• ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯀꯤ ꯔꯤꯖꯜꯇ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗꯥ ꯈꯉꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ?
• ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯥ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯕꯥ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯥꯏꯗ ꯏꯐꯦꯛꯇ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ?
• ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯇꯥꯕꯔꯥ?

ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯒꯗꯤ:

• ꯑꯩꯒꯤ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯄꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯦ?
• ꯑꯗꯣꯝꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯎꯇꯥꯛ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯒꯦ? ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?
• ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯈꯪꯒꯗꯒꯦ (ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯛ, ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ, ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕꯥ)?
• ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯌꯥꯝ ꯁꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯦ?
• ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯥꯟꯅꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?
• ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯅꯉꯕꯨ ꯎꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯇꯥꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯔꯦꯇꯤꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯑꯦꯂꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯔꯤꯐꯔꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ?

ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯤꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯞꯇꯣꯃꯦꯠꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯣꯐꯊꯥꯂꯃꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯔꯦꯇꯤꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯑꯦꯂꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯔꯤꯐꯔ ꯇꯧꯒꯅꯤ꯫

ꯔꯦꯇꯤꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯑꯦꯂꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯟ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯑꯥꯏ ꯀꯦꯌꯔ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯚꯥꯏꯗꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯤꯠꯌꯦꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯐꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯔꯦꯇꯤꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯑꯦꯂꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯇꯥꯟꯅꯒꯗꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯌꯥꯔꯤꯕꯃꯈꯩ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ . ꯀꯦꯁ ꯀꯌꯥꯗꯥ, ꯉꯟꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯅꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯐꯜ ꯐꯪꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ꯫

ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯛ-ꯍꯣꯝ ꯃꯦꯁꯦꯖ꯫

ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯑꯗꯣꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯂꯦ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ‘ꯔꯦꯇꯤꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯑꯦꯂꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ’ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯑꯔꯨꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥꯁꯤꯡ, ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯔꯦꯇꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯚꯤꯠꯔꯣꯁ ꯍꯨꯃꯔꯒꯤ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫

• ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ: ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ‘ꯔꯦꯇꯤꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯑꯦꯂꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ’ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯔꯤꯐꯔ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯑꯦꯂꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯤꯠꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯄꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯊꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯧꯈꯠꯂꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯅꯤ꯫
• ꯋꯥꯍꯪꯁꯤꯡ ꯍꯪꯕꯤꯌꯨ: ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯗꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯍꯪꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫
• ꯏꯅꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯛꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯏꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫
• ꯉꯟꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ: ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯤꯠꯀꯥ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯊꯦꯡꯊꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯅꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯥ ꯇꯥꯟꯅꯧ꯫

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯤꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯜ ꯌꯥꯝꯂꯕꯥ ꯂꯟ-ꯊꯨꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ, ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯕꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯊꯧꯗꯥꯡꯅꯤ꯫

` ꯔꯦꯇꯤꯅꯥ, ꯑꯣꯐꯊꯥꯂꯃꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ, ꯔꯦꯇꯤꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯑꯦꯂꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ, ꯀꯦꯇꯦꯔꯦꯛꯇ, ꯗꯥꯏꯕꯦꯇꯤꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯤꯠ, ꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ, ꯃꯤꯠ ꯎꯗꯕꯥ, ꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ, ꯀꯣꯟ, ꯂꯦꯟꯁ ꯚꯤꯠꯔꯤꯌꯁ ꯕꯣꯗꯤ꯫