ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯇꯤꯎꯃꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯒꯗ꯭ꯔꯥ? ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯐꯥꯏꯇꯀꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯁꯤ!

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯌꯨꯛꯇꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯍꯧꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯞ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯃꯗꯥ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯊꯝꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯕꯔꯥ? ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯥ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯥꯛꯇꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ? ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯣꯛ ꯊꯨꯒꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ? ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯈꯟꯊꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯉꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯀꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯗꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯉꯥꯡꯂꯤ꯫ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯕꯣꯟ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯔꯁ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯕꯨ ꯀꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯐꯥꯏꯇꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯡꯇꯛꯅꯔꯕꯁꯨ, ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯡꯇꯛꯅꯒꯗꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫

ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯕꯣꯟ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯔꯁꯤꯡ (ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯐꯥꯏꯇꯁꯤꯡ) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, ꯕꯣꯟ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯔ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯐꯥꯏꯠ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯏ꯫

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯃꯖꯤꯜꯂꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ, ꯅꯠꯇꯦ? ꯃꯇꯧ ꯑꯁꯨꯝꯅꯥ, ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯇꯤꯁꯨ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯃꯗꯨ ꯁꯦꯃꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯣꯠꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯁꯥꯏꯗ ꯏꯐꯦꯛꯇ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯑꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯦꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ "ꯕꯣꯟ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯔ" ꯑꯃꯒꯨꯝꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯁꯤꯅꯗꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯐꯥꯏꯇꯣꯁꯤꯁ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ꯫

ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯀꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯂꯒꯤ ꯕꯣꯟ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯥ ꯈꯉꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯦ . ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯆꯥꯗꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯟꯗꯦ꯫ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯉꯥꯏꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯕꯣꯟ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯔ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯔꯚ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ, ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯇꯦꯟꯁꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯀꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯇꯔꯨ-ꯇꯅꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯤꯁꯨꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯧꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯒꯅꯤ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯂꯒꯤ ꯇꯤꯎꯃꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯠꯂꯤꯕꯅꯣ?

ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯦ꯫ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯇꯤꯁꯨꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯁꯦꯃꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯣꯠꯅꯔꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯕꯣꯟ ꯇꯤꯎꯃꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯒꯅꯤ? ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯑꯩꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯈꯤꯕꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯦ . ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯂꯕꯥ ꯇꯤꯎꯃꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯀꯩꯗꯧꯉꯩꯗꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯥꯛꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡꯁꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ:

• ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ (pain): ꯑꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯕꯣꯟ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯗꯨ ꯈꯣꯡꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯏ꯫
• ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ (stiffness): ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯥꯡꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯇꯔꯨ-ꯇꯅꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯌꯨꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯐꯠꯇꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯂꯤꯃꯤꯇꯦꯗ ꯃꯨꯚꯃꯦꯟꯇ: ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯟꯅꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯥ, ꯈꯣꯡ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯞ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯦ꯫
• ꯅꯔꯚ ꯀꯝꯞꯔꯦꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ: ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯇꯤꯎꯃꯔ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯔꯚ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯀꯝꯞꯔꯦꯁꯟ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯔꯚ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯇꯤꯟ ꯁꯤꯠꯄꯥ, ꯃꯩꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯃꯑꯣꯡ-ꯃꯇꯧ: ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯕꯣꯟ ꯇꯤꯎꯃꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯛꯅꯥ, ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯈꯨꯎꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯇꯥꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯗꯨ ꯈꯨꯠꯇꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯂꯪꯂꯥ ꯑꯃꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯤꯠꯅꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯏ꯫

ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ:

• ꯈꯣꯡ, ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ꯫
• ꯈꯨꯠ, ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯅꯈꯨꯠꯁꯤꯡ꯫
• ꯈꯨꯎ, ꯍꯤꯞ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯨꯎꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ꯫
• ꯉꯛꯁꯝꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯥꯏꯅꯦꯜ ꯀꯣꯔꯗ (spine)꯫

ꯕꯤꯖꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯆꯥꯗꯕꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ?

ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯅꯠꯇꯦ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯁ꯭ꯄꯥꯏꯅꯦꯜ ꯀꯣꯔꯗꯇꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯥ ꯕꯣꯟ ꯇꯤꯎꯃꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯩ꯫

ꯁ꯭ꯄꯥꯏꯅꯦꯜ ꯀꯣꯔꯗ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯅꯔꯚꯁ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯨꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯇꯤꯎꯕ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯈꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯥꯏꯅꯦꯜ ꯀꯣꯔꯗ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯊꯣꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯔꯚꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯥꯏꯅꯦꯜ ꯀꯣꯔꯗꯇꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯥ ꯕꯣꯟ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯅꯔꯚꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯍꯣꯂꯁꯤꯡ (foramina)ꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯥꯛꯇꯥ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯔꯚ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯈꯤ꯫ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯁ꯭ꯄꯥꯏꯅꯦꯜ ꯀꯣꯔꯗ ꯃꯁꯥꯃꯀꯄꯨ ꯊꯤꯡꯖꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ, ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ:

• ꯇꯤꯟ-ꯀꯥꯡ, ꯇꯤꯟ-ꯀꯥꯡ (Paresthesia) : ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯟꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯨꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫
• ꯃꯁꯜ ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯕꯥ (muscle weakness): ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯣꯡꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯗꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯏꯅꯀꯟꯇꯤꯅꯦꯟꯁ (incontinence): ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯇꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯟ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯂꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯃꯥꯡꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯏꯃꯔꯖꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫

ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯇꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯈꯣꯡ (cervical spine)ꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯕꯣꯟ ꯇꯤꯎꯃꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯏꯁꯣꯐꯦꯒꯁꯇꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯅꯒꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ, ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯇꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯀꯣꯛ ꯆꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯆꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯐꯪꯒꯅꯤ?

ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯕꯣꯟ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯊꯤꯅꯤꯉꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯈꯔꯗꯒꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁ-ꯔꯦ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯕꯣꯟ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯒꯅꯤ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯦ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯦꯡꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯒ꯭ꯅꯣꯁꯤꯁ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯅꯐꯥꯔꯝ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ:

• ꯑꯦꯛꯁ-ꯔꯦ: ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯇꯤꯎꯃꯔꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯏ꯫
• ꯁꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯁ꯭ꯀꯦꯟ: ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯑꯀꯨꯞꯄꯥ, ꯊ꯭ꯔꯤ-ꯗꯤꯃꯦꯟꯁꯤꯌꯦꯜ ꯏꯃꯦꯖꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ꯫
• ꯑꯦꯝ.ꯑꯥꯔ.ꯑꯥꯏ. ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯔꯚ ꯀꯝꯞꯔꯦꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯔꯚꯀꯥ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯔꯚꯇꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯕꯣꯟ ꯇꯤꯎꯃꯔ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯏ.ꯑꯦꯝ.ꯖꯤ.(ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯠꯔꯣꯃꯥꯌꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯐꯤ) ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯦꯟ.ꯁꯤ.ꯑꯦꯁ.(ꯅꯔꯚ ꯀꯟꯗꯥꯛꯁꯟ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯗꯤ)ꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯔꯚ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯕꯣꯟ ꯇꯤꯎꯃꯔꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯗꯥ, ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯕꯣꯟ ꯇꯤꯎꯃꯔꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯗꯦ . ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ, ꯕ꯭ꯂꯣꯀꯦꯖ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯀꯃꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯈꯛꯇꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯦꯇꯦꯒꯣꯔꯤ ꯑꯅꯤꯗꯥ ꯈꯥꯌꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯗ꯭ꯔꯥ?

ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯀꯌꯥꯅꯥ ꯍꯪꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯋꯥꯍꯪ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯅꯠꯇꯦ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯕꯣꯟ ꯇꯤꯁꯨꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯝꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯁꯔꯨꯁꯤꯡꯗꯁꯨ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯏꯟꯇꯔꯅꯦꯇꯇꯥ "ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯜ" ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯁꯨ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯇꯤꯁꯨꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯥꯀꯁꯤꯜꯂꯛꯂꯣꯏ꯫ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯉꯥꯏꯔꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯩꯗꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯅꯤ꯫

ꯕꯣꯟ ꯇꯤꯎꯃꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯟꯗꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯩ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ?

ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯦ, ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯍꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯦ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯔꯨꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯜ ꯉꯥꯛꯇꯨꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯕꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯎꯈꯠꯄꯥ ꯊꯦꯡꯊꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

• ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯠꯔꯤꯁꯟ ꯐꯪꯕꯤꯌꯨ: ꯀꯦꯂꯁꯤꯌꯝ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯚꯤꯇꯥꯃꯤꯟ D ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯆꯥꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯠꯔꯤꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯤꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯇꯥꯟꯅꯧ꯫
• ꯆꯥꯡ ꯅꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯔꯁꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧ: ꯂꯝ ꯀꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯥꯏꯀꯜ ꯊꯧꯕꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯣ-ꯏꯝꯄꯦꯛꯇ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯔꯁꯥꯏꯖꯁꯤꯡ ꯇꯧ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯁꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯀꯅꯈꯠꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯁ ꯍꯟꯊꯔꯀꯏ꯫
• ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ: ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ, ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯎ, ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯞ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯋꯥꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯜ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ (BMI) ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯝꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯣꯠꯅꯧ꯫
• ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯨꯔ ꯊꯝꯃꯨ: ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯐꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯂꯦꯡ-ꯑꯣꯠꯄꯗꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯄꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯨꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯦꯀꯁꯤꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯁꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯆꯞ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯖꯤꯁꯟꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯔꯤꯄꯤꯇꯦꯇꯤꯚ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯟ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯔꯁꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯂꯦꯄꯀꯅꯨ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡꯗꯤ ꯊꯤꯡꯖꯤꯜꯂꯨ꯫ ꯂꯥꯟꯊꯦꯡꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯍꯨꯠꯇꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯀꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯕꯥ ꯖꯨꯇꯣꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯧ꯫ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯔꯁꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯉꯩꯗꯥ ꯐꯖꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯝ ꯇꯧ꯫