ꯀꯦꯇꯥꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ? ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯆꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯃꯆꯠ-ꯁꯥꯖꯠ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯒꯗ꯭ꯔꯥ?

ꯀꯅꯥꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯍꯧꯗꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯜ ꯂꯥꯡꯕꯥ, ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯕꯥ, ꯅꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯔꯊ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯗꯅꯥ ꯍꯟꯖꯤꯟ ꯍꯟꯖꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯂꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ? ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯃꯁꯨ ꯈꯜꯂꯃꯒꯅꯤ, "ꯑꯣ ꯑꯩꯒꯤ ꯏꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ, ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯣꯌꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯦ?" ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯗꯣꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯅꯕꯤꯔꯝꯂꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀꯦꯇꯥꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯅꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯔꯤꯑꯦꯛꯇ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯃꯆꯠ-ꯁꯥꯖꯠ ꯆꯠꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯣꯡꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯆꯥꯗꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯁꯨ ꯉꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯗꯣꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯕꯤꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯅꯒꯅꯤ꯫

ꯀꯦꯇꯥꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ? ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ...

ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, ꯀꯦꯇꯥꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯒꯤ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ-ꯃꯇꯧꯗꯥ ꯑꯀꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ, ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯦꯁ꯭ꯄꯣꯟꯁ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ-ꯃꯇꯧꯗꯥ ꯑꯀꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯀꯝꯞꯂꯦꯛꯁ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯇꯥꯗꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯑꯆꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯃꯆꯠ-ꯁꯥꯖꯠ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡꯗꯤ ꯋꯥ ꯉꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯕꯥ, ꯑꯆꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯆꯠꯊꯣꯛ-ꯆꯠꯁꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯃꯆꯠ-ꯁꯥꯖꯠ ꯍꯣꯡꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯤ .

ꯑꯗꯣꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯕꯤꯔꯃꯒꯅꯤ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯱꯸꯷꯴ꯗꯥ ꯖꯔꯃꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯁꯥꯏꯀꯤꯌꯥꯠꯔꯤꯛ ꯀꯥꯔꯜ ꯀꯥꯍꯂꯕꯥꯎꯃꯅꯥ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯀꯦꯇꯥꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯐꯣꯡꯗꯣꯀꯈꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯀꯁꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯐꯖꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯗ꯭ꯔꯤ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯍꯟꯗꯛ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯀꯌꯥꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯤꯖꯣꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯤꯌꯥꯅꯥ ꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯈꯛꯇꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯏ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯜꯂꯝꯃꯤ . ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯁꯨ ꯅꯠꯇꯅꯥ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯒꯦ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯌꯥꯝ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯥꯏꯀꯤꯌꯥꯠꯔꯤꯀꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜꯂꯣꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ, ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯋꯥ ꯉꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥꯁꯤꯡꯗꯁꯨ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯏ, ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯦꯇꯥꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯥꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯈꯉꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯁꯤꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫

ꯐꯤꯚꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯀꯅꯥꯅꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯀꯦꯇꯥꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯥꯅꯥ ꯖꯥꯇꯤ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯖꯦꯟꯗꯔꯗꯥ ꯌꯨꯝꯐꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯅꯥ ꯀꯅꯥꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯣꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯏ:

• ꯁꯥꯏꯀꯤꯌꯥꯠꯔꯤꯛ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ: ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯦꯟꯇꯦꯜ ꯍꯦꯂꯊꯇꯥ ꯍꯀꯊꯦꯡꯅꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ꯫
• ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯔꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ: ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯒꯤ ꯐꯉ꯭ꯀꯁꯅꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ꯫
• ꯑꯇꯩ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ: ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯊꯕꯛꯇꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯑꯀꯨꯞꯄꯥ ꯃꯔꯣꯂꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯒꯅꯤ꯫

ꯀꯦꯇꯥꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯛꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯔꯤꯁꯔꯆ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯛꯂꯤ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯁꯥꯏꯀꯤꯌꯥꯠꯔꯤꯛ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ 0.5% ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ 2.1% ꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯀꯦꯇꯥꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯗꯦꯟꯁꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯃꯦꯟꯇꯦꯜ ꯍꯦꯂꯊ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯤꯠꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯂꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ 10% ꯗꯥ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯏ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ, ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯗꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯀꯦꯇꯥꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯥꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯂꯦꯄꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ "ꯀꯦꯇꯥꯇꯣꯅꯤꯛ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯠ"ꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ꯫ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯒꯤ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯏ:

• ꯂꯦꯡ ꯑꯣꯠꯄ.
• ꯁꯦꯟꯁꯁꯤꯡ: ꯎꯕꯥ, ꯇꯥꯕꯥ, ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ, ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯀꯄꯥ꯫
• ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯕ.
• ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯈꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯨꯛꯅꯤꯡ ꯆꯪꯕꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯤꯂꯁꯤꯡ (Cognitive abilities)꯫
• ꯏꯊꯤꯜ ꯄꯤꯕ.
• ꯏꯃꯣꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ꯫
• ꯋꯥꯔꯦꯞ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯥꯕꯨ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯕꯥ (ꯑꯦꯒꯖꯤꯛꯌꯨꯇꯤꯕ ꯐꯉ꯭ꯀꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ)꯫

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯂꯤꯕꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ, ꯀꯦꯇꯥꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯥꯅꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯒꯤ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯀꯌꯥꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯇꯣꯞ ꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯅꯥ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯌꯥꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯏ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯑꯦꯂꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯤꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯀꯦꯇꯥꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯑꯃꯦꯔꯤꯀꯥꯟ ꯁꯥꯏꯀꯤꯌꯥꯠꯔꯤꯛ ꯑꯦꯁꯣꯁꯤꯑꯦꯁꯅꯒꯤ DSM-5 (ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯒ꯭ꯅꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯛ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯃꯦꯟꯌꯨꯑꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯃꯦꯟꯇꯦꯜ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔꯁ, ꯃꯉꯥꯁꯨꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯗꯤꯁꯟ) ꯒꯤ ꯒꯥꯏꯗꯂꯥꯏꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ, ꯀꯦꯇꯥꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯐꯤꯁꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯁꯀꯈꯉꯂꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡ 12 ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤ꯫

• ꯑꯦꯖꯤꯇꯦꯁꯟ: ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯅꯥꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯁꯨꯞꯅꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯖꯤꯇꯦꯁꯟ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯦꯖꯤꯇꯦꯁꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯒꯤ ꯔꯦꯁꯄꯣꯟꯁ ꯅꯠꯇꯦ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯍꯨꯠꯇꯥ ꯑꯦꯖꯤꯇꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫
• ꯀꯦꯇꯥꯂꯦꯄꯁꯤ: ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯅꯥꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯀꯅꯥꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯕꯨ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯖꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯊꯝꯂꯒꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯄꯣꯖꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯕꯨ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯖꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯄꯨꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯅꯧꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯖꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤ꯫
• ꯏꯀꯣꯂꯥꯂꯤꯌꯥ: ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯀꯅꯥꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯈꯣꯟꯖꯦꯜ ꯅꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯋꯥꯍꯩꯁꯤꯡ, ꯏꯀꯣꯛ ꯅꯣꯟꯖꯕꯒꯨꯝ ꯍꯟꯖꯤꯟ ꯍꯟꯖꯤꯟ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯅꯤ꯫
• ꯏꯀꯣꯞꯔꯦꯛꯁꯤꯌꯥ (echopraxia): ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯖꯦꯜ ꯅꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ꯫
• ꯒ꯭ꯔꯤꯃꯦꯁꯤꯡ (grimacing): ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯁꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯕꯥ ꯐꯦꯁꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯞꯔꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯈꯛꯇꯃꯛ, ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯇꯦꯟꯁꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯐꯦꯁꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯞꯔꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯀꯅꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯂꯩꯇꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯤꯠ ꯎꯗꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯏ꯫
• ꯃꯦꯅꯦꯔꯤꯖꯝ: ꯑꯆꯝꯕꯥ, ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯃꯨꯚꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ꯫
• ꯃ꯭ꯌꯨꯇꯤꯖꯝ: ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯤꯖꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯋꯥ ꯉꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯋꯥ ꯉꯥꯡꯕꯗꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯈꯛꯇꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ (ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯑꯦꯐꯦꯁꯤꯌꯥ)꯫
• ꯅꯦꯒꯦꯇꯤꯕꯤꯖꯝ: ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯄꯥꯎꯈꯨꯝ ꯄꯤꯗꯕꯥ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯤꯡꯕꯨ ꯔꯦꯁ꯭ꯅꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯗꯅꯥ ꯃꯥꯌꯣꯛꯅꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯅꯤ꯫
• ꯄꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯨꯔꯤꯡ: ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯨꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯝꯕꯥ, ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯀꯅꯥꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯀꯄꯗꯒꯤ ꯅꯠꯇꯦ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯣꯖꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ꯫ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯨꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯕꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯨꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫
• ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯔꯤꯑꯣꯇꯥꯏꯄꯤ: ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯟꯗꯝ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯅꯥ ꯆꯞ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯊꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯍꯟꯖꯤꯟ ꯍꯟꯖꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ, ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯐꯤꯉ꯭ꯒꯔ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯦ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯆꯞ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ꯫
• ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯤꯄꯥꯏꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ (Stupor):ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯄꯨꯛꯅꯤꯡ ꯆꯪꯗꯕꯥ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯎꯈꯨꯝ ꯄꯤꯗꯕꯥ꯫ ꯀꯦꯇꯥꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯥꯅꯥ ꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ (e.g., ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ) ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯗꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯔꯦꯁꯄꯣꯟꯁ ꯇꯧꯗꯦ꯫
• ꯋꯥꯛꯁꯤ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯛꯁꯤꯕꯤꯂꯤꯇꯤ: ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯅꯥꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯄꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯨꯔ ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯣꯠꯅꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯟꯊꯦꯡꯅꯕꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ, ꯈꯔꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯒꯤ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯔꯤꯂꯥꯛꯁ ꯇꯧꯏ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯤꯝꯐ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯇꯔꯨ-ꯇꯅꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯟꯗꯜ ꯑꯃꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫

ꯈꯟꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯞ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯍꯧꯗꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯍꯟꯖꯤꯟ ꯍꯟꯖꯤꯟ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯂꯕꯗꯤ (`(ꯏꯀꯣꯂꯥꯂꯤꯌꯥ)`) ​​ꯅꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠ ꯍꯥꯃꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯂꯕꯗꯤ (`(ꯏꯀꯣꯞꯔꯦꯛꯁꯤꯌꯥ)`) ​​ꯅꯍꯥꯛ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯑꯆꯝꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯒꯅꯤ, ꯅꯠꯇꯦ? ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡ ꯈꯔꯅꯤ꯫

ꯀꯦꯇꯥꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯐꯉ꯭ꯀꯁꯅꯦꯜ ꯂꯦꯚꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯀꯌꯥꯅꯥ ꯀꯦꯇꯥꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯣꯖ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ, ꯆꯠꯊꯣꯛ-ꯆꯠꯁꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯦ꯫ ꯀꯦꯇꯥꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯥꯗꯥ ꯈꯪꯍꯧꯗꯅꯥ, ꯊꯥꯖꯗꯕꯥ ꯂꯃꯆꯠ-ꯁꯥꯖꯠꯇꯥ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯁꯨ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ, ꯂꯦꯞꯇꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯊꯧꯔꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯊꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯔꯤ:

• ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯥꯏꯇꯦꯗ/ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯥꯔꯀꯥꯏꯅꯦꯇꯤꯛ: ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯂꯃꯆꯠ-ꯁꯥꯖꯠ ꯍꯣꯡꯂꯀꯄꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯛ ꯇꯥꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯅꯥ ꯐꯤꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ, ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯥ, ꯑꯦꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯚ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯍꯤꯡꯁꯥ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯆꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯅꯕꯁꯨ ꯌꯥꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯁꯨ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯥꯕꯨ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ .
• ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ/ ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯣꯀꯥꯏꯅꯦꯇꯤꯛ: ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕꯅꯥ ꯀꯦꯇꯥꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯍꯩ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯥꯕꯗꯥ ꯈꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯎꯈꯨꯝ ꯄꯤꯗꯦ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯤꯗꯕꯒꯨꯝ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯅꯥ ꯇꯨꯝꯃꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯃꯥꯌꯊꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯏꯃꯣꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯗꯦ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯆꯝꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯨꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯊꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯇꯔꯨ-ꯇꯅꯥꯅꯕꯥ (incontinence) ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯃꯤꯛꯁ: ꯃꯁꯤ ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯔꯑꯦꯛꯇꯤꯚ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯟꯗꯔꯑꯦꯛꯇꯤꯚ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯠ ꯑꯅꯤꯃꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯝꯕꯤꯅꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯍꯧꯗꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯋꯥꯔꯅꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯗꯅꯥ ꯐꯉ꯭ꯀꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯊꯥꯛ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯁꯣꯏꯆ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯃꯦꯂꯤꯒꯅꯦꯟꯇ ꯀꯦꯇꯥꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ? ꯃꯁꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯔꯥ?

ꯀꯦꯁ ꯈꯔꯗꯗꯤ, ꯀꯦꯇꯥꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯥꯅꯥ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯃꯥꯡꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯀꯃꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯦꯂꯤꯒꯅꯦꯟꯇ ꯀꯦꯇꯥꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ . ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯣꯇꯣꯅꯣꯃꯤꯌꯥ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ . ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯗꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯣꯇꯣꯅꯣꯃꯤꯛ ꯅꯔꯚ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯗ꯭ꯔꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯣꯇꯣꯅꯣꯃꯤꯛ ꯅꯔꯚꯁ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯥ ꯈꯟꯊꯗꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯥ ꯃꯊꯟꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯐꯉ꯭ꯀꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ (ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯔꯦꯠ, ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ) ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫

ꯃꯦꯂꯤꯒꯅꯦꯟꯇ ꯀꯦꯇꯥꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡꯗꯤ:

• ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯊꯤꯅꯤꯉꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯆꯔ ꯋꯥꯡꯈꯠꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯏꯍꯧ (Hyperthermia)꯫
• ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ (Tachycardia)꯫
• ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯍꯣꯅꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ (Diaphoresis)꯫
• ꯑꯅꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯕꯜ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ꯫
• ꯁꯥꯏꯅꯣꯁꯤꯁ (cyanosis) : ꯃꯁꯤ ꯏꯗꯥ ꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯖꯦꯅꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯍꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯤꯞ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐꯤꯉ꯭ꯒꯔꯅꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫

ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯖꯤꯅꯒꯗꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯤ: ꯃꯦꯂꯤꯒꯅꯦꯟꯇ ꯀꯦꯇꯥꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯃꯥꯡꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯏꯃꯔꯖꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯅꯥ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯦꯇꯤꯛ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯦꯁꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯀꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯄꯤ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫

ꯀꯦꯇꯥꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯐꯤꯚꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯱꯵꯰ꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯁꯔꯆ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯁꯨ, ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯑꯈꯉ-ꯑꯍꯩꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯀꯦꯇꯥꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗ꯭ꯔꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯗꯥ ꯀꯦꯃꯤꯀꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯏꯃꯕꯦꯂꯦꯟꯁ ꯂꯩꯇꯕꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯤꯔꯣꯜ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯔꯣꯜ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯖꯦꯅꯦꯇꯤꯛ ꯃꯔꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯒꯤ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯕꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯈꯉ-ꯑꯍꯩꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯀꯦꯇꯥꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯈꯅꯕꯥ ꯈꯛꯇꯃꯛ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯀꯦꯇꯥꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯥꯒꯥ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯕꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯟꯇꯦꯜ ꯍꯦꯂꯊ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯗꯤ:

• ꯕꯥꯏꯄꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ꯫
• ꯁ꯭ꯀꯤꯖꯣꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯤꯌꯥ꯫
• ꯁ꯭ꯀꯤꯖꯣꯑꯦꯐꯦꯛꯇꯤꯚ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ꯫
• ꯃꯦꯖꯔ ꯗꯤꯞꯔꯦꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ꯫

ꯀꯦꯇꯥꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯥꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯔꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯐꯤꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ:

• ꯑꯣꯇꯤꯁꯝ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯛꯠꯔꯦꯝ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ꯫
• ꯑꯣꯇꯣꯏꯝꯌꯨꯟ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥꯁꯤꯡ (ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯂꯨꯄꯁ , ꯃꯜꯇꯤꯄꯜ ꯁ꯭ꯛꯂꯦꯔꯣꯁꯤꯁ )꯫
• ꯗꯤꯖꯦꯅꯦꯔꯦꯇꯤꯚ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥꯁꯤꯡ (ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯗꯤꯃꯦꯅꯁꯤꯌꯥ , ꯄꯥꯔꯀꯤꯅꯁꯅꯁ ꯗꯤꯖꯤꯖ )꯫
• ꯗꯥꯎꯟ ꯁꯤꯟꯗꯣꯝ꯫
• ꯗ꯭ꯔꯒꯀꯥ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ (ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯛꯔꯤꯄꯁꯟ ꯗ꯭ꯔꯒꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯥꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯗꯕꯥ ꯗ꯭ꯔꯒꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯅꯤꯃꯛ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ)꯫
• ꯑꯦꯟꯇꯤ-ꯑꯦꯟ.ꯑꯦꯝ.ꯗꯤ.ꯑꯦ.ꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯁꯦꯄꯇꯔ ꯑꯦꯅꯁꯦꯐꯦꯂꯥꯏꯇꯤꯁ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯅꯁꯦꯐꯦꯂꯥꯏꯇꯤꯁ .
• ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯠꯔꯣꯂꯥꯏꯠ ꯏꯃꯕꯦꯂꯦꯟꯁꯀꯤ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ꯫
• ꯏꯄꯤꯂꯦꯄꯁꯤ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯏꯟꯇꯦꯂꯦꯀꯆꯨꯑꯦꯜ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯦꯕꯤꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ-ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯦꯐꯥꯂꯁ꯫
• ꯌꯩꯕ.
• ꯇꯨꯔꯦꯠ ꯁꯤꯟꯗꯣꯝ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤ ꯂꯧꯅꯒꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯔꯥ?

ꯅꯠꯇꯦ, ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯅꯠꯇꯦ꯫ꯀꯦꯇꯥꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯧꯅꯒꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯔꯣꯏ, ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯀꯅꯥꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯔꯣꯏ꯫

ꯀꯦꯇꯥꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ?

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯀꯦꯇꯥꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯩ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯔꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯀꯖꯥꯃꯤꯅꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯏ . ꯑꯦꯀꯖꯥꯃꯤꯅꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯔꯤꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯛꯁꯁꯤꯡ, ꯔꯦꯁꯄꯣꯟꯁꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯔꯦꯁ꯭ꯄꯣꯟꯁ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯦ (ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯔꯦꯁ꯭ꯄꯣꯟꯁ ꯇꯧꯗꯕꯒꯦ) ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯒꯅꯤ꯫

ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯀꯦꯇꯥꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯕꯨꯁ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯤꯁ ꯀꯦꯇꯥꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯥ ꯔꯦꯇꯤꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯦꯂꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯔꯗꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯁꯦꯁꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯇꯨꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀꯦꯇꯥꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯛꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯪꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯊꯥꯡꯗꯤ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯄꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯀꯦꯇꯥꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯗꯤ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯃꯦꯟꯇꯦꯜ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯐꯤꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯩ꯫ ꯀꯦꯇꯥꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯁꯤꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯑꯣꯔꯤꯇꯤꯗꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯟꯗꯔꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯊꯤꯡꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤ ꯃꯈꯂꯒꯤ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯇꯧꯔꯤꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯀꯦꯇꯥꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯄꯣꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯏ:

• ꯏꯃꯦꯖꯤꯡ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡ: ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯁꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯁ꯭ꯀꯦꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯝ.ꯑꯥꯔ.ꯑꯥꯏ .
• ꯏ, ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯟ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯦꯔꯤꯕ꯭ꯔꯣꯁ꯭ꯄꯥꯏꯅꯦꯜ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ (ꯁ꯭ꯄꯥꯏꯅꯦꯜ ꯇꯦꯞ) ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡ: ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗꯇꯥ ꯀꯦꯃꯤꯀꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ꯫ (ꯁꯦꯔꯤꯕ꯭ꯔꯣꯁ꯭ꯄꯥꯏꯅꯦꯜ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯥꯏꯅꯦꯜ ꯀꯣꯔꯗꯇꯒꯤ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗꯀꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫)
• ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯟ ꯐꯉ꯭ꯀꯁꯟ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ: ꯏ.ꯏ.ꯖꯤ.(ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯠꯔꯣꯑꯦꯅꯁꯦꯐꯦꯂꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯝ) ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯒꯤ ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯠꯔꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯛꯇꯤꯚꯤꯇꯤ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯦꯅꯥꯂꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯦꯀꯣꯔꯗ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯏꯄꯤꯂꯦꯄꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ? ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯐꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯗ꯭ꯔꯥ?

ꯀꯦꯇꯥꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯟꯗꯔꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ (ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ) ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯄꯣꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯐꯤꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯔꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯅꯥ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯇꯥꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯀꯦꯇꯥꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯍꯅꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯋꯥꯈꯂꯒꯤ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯑꯇꯩ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯄꯁꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯛ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯀꯦꯇꯥꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯂꯩ: ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯠꯔꯣꯀꯅꯚꯂꯁꯤꯚ ꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤ (ECT)꯫ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯛꯔꯦꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯃꯦꯒ꯭ꯅꯦꯇꯤꯛ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯝꯌꯨꯂꯦꯁꯅꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯡꯁꯨ ꯐꯪꯂꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯥꯛ ꯁꯟꯅꯥ ​​ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯏꯐꯦꯛꯇꯤꯕ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯈꯉꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯔꯤꯁꯔꯆ ꯃꯔꯥꯡ ꯀꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯦ꯫

ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯀꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯕꯦꯟꯖꯣꯗꯤꯌꯥꯖꯦꯄꯤꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯦꯇꯥꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯆꯥꯛ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯥꯐꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯏꯐꯦꯛꯇꯤꯚ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯀꯦꯇꯥꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯥꯅꯥ ꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ 60% ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ 90% ꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯕꯦꯟꯖꯣꯗꯤꯌꯥꯖꯦꯄꯤꯅꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯏ꯫ ꯂꯣꯔꯥꯖꯦꯄꯥꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛꯅꯤ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯀ꯭ꯂꯣꯅꯥꯖꯦꯄꯥꯝ , ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯖꯦꯄꯥꯝ , ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯖꯣꯂꯄꯤꯗꯦꯃꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡꯁꯨ ꯏꯐꯦꯛꯇꯤꯚ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯅꯠꯔꯥꯚꯦꯅꯁ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ (IV) , ꯏꯅꯖꯦꯀꯁꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯄꯤꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ (ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯃꯨꯗ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯕꯤꯂꯥꯏꯖꯔꯁꯤꯡ , ꯑꯦꯟꯇꯤꯁꯥꯏꯀꯣꯇꯤꯛ ꯗ꯭ꯔꯒꯁꯤꯡ )ꯅꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯕꯁꯨ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯄꯤꯗꯦ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯃꯥꯔꯤ ꯀꯦꯇꯥꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯣꯌꯁꯤꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯑꯇꯩ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯗꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯀꯥꯟꯅꯩ꯫ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯑꯦꯟꯇꯤꯁꯥꯏꯀꯣꯇꯤꯛ ꯗ꯭ꯔꯒꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯀꯦꯇꯥꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯥꯕꯨ ꯃꯦꯂꯤꯒꯅꯦꯟꯇ ꯀꯦꯇꯥꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯔꯣꯂꯦꯄꯇꯤꯛ ꯃꯦꯂꯤꯒꯅꯦꯟꯇ ꯁꯤꯟꯗꯣꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯀꯁꯤꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯠꯔꯣꯀꯅꯚꯂꯁꯤꯚ ꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤ (ꯏ.ꯁꯤ.ꯇꯤ.)

ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯠꯔꯣꯀꯅꯚꯂꯁꯤꯚ ꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤ (ECT) ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯠꯔꯤꯛ ꯀꯔꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯥꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯈꯔꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯏ.ꯁꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯒꯤ ꯂꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯖꯦꯅꯦꯔꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯅꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯁꯤꯌꯥ ꯄꯤꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯨꯕꯥ ꯇꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯗꯕꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯗꯦ꯫

ꯏ.ꯁꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯁꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯏꯐꯦꯛꯇꯤꯕ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯦꯇꯥꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯀꯦꯁ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯏꯐꯦꯛꯇꯤꯚ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯦꯂꯤꯒꯅꯦꯟꯇ ꯀꯦꯇꯥꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯆꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ , ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯁꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯀꯟꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯀꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯔꯦꯁ꯭ꯄꯣꯟꯁ ꯇꯧꯗꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯇꯥꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯀꯦꯁꯁꯤꯡꯗꯁꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯀꯥꯟꯅꯩ꯫

ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯀꯃꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯥꯏꯗ ꯏꯐꯦꯛꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯀꯦꯇꯥꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯀꯃꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯥꯏꯗ ꯏꯐꯦꯛꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯐꯪꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ (ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯀꯝꯕꯤꯅꯦꯁꯟ)ꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯁꯥꯏꯗ ꯏꯐꯦꯛꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯀꯃꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯪꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯃꯇꯧ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯏꯁꯥꯕꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯤꯒꯅꯤ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯦꯅꯦꯖ ꯇꯧꯒꯅꯤ?

ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ: ꯀꯦꯇꯥꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯟ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯄꯤꯔꯤꯑꯦꯟꯁ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯁꯨ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯦꯃꯔꯖꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯇꯦꯟꯁꯟ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯃꯥꯡꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯅꯁꯨ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯅꯤꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯀꯩꯗꯧꯉꯩꯗꯥ ꯃꯁꯥꯃꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯣꯠꯅꯔꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯩꯍꯥꯛ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯛꯀꯅꯤ? ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯆꯪꯒꯅꯤ?

ꯀꯦꯇꯥꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯥꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯤꯄꯨꯝ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯄꯔꯤꯌꯦꯟꯁ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯔꯤꯀꯣꯚꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯐꯣꯔꯃꯦꯁꯟ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ (ꯑꯟꯗꯔꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯍꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ) ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯕꯦꯟꯖꯣꯗꯤꯌꯥꯖꯦꯄꯤꯅꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯏꯅꯠꯔꯥꯚꯦꯅꯁ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ (IV) ꯄꯤꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯅꯠ 10-15ꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯍꯧꯏ꯫ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯛ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯍꯧꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯤꯅꯠ 20-30 ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯆꯪꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯗꯣꯖ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯆꯪꯂꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯈꯔꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯀꯦꯇꯥꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯥꯗꯥ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯗꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯏ.ꯁꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯏꯐꯦꯛꯇꯤꯚ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯈꯔꯗꯗꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯅꯠ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯄꯨꯡ ꯈꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯍꯧꯔꯀꯏ, ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯥ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯈꯔꯗꯗꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ-ꯃꯇꯧ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯀꯌꯥꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯀꯌꯥꯅꯤ ꯏ.ꯁꯤ.ꯇꯤ.

ꯃꯁꯤ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯟꯗꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯩ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ?

ꯀꯦꯇꯥꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯖꯗꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯈꯉ-ꯑꯍꯩꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯃꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯟꯗꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯦ꯫

ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯦꯟꯇꯦꯜ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯛ ꯄꯤꯈ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯊꯤꯡꯕꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯦꯇꯥꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯩꯉꯣꯟꯗꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯑꯥꯁꯥ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯒꯦ?

ꯀꯦꯇꯥꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯥꯅꯥ ꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯃꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯈꯪꯏ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯄꯥꯎꯈꯨꯝ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯈꯉꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯁꯨ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯊꯧꯗꯣꯛ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯀꯦꯇꯥꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯥꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯥ ꯈꯪꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯀꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯤꯇꯃꯦꯟꯇꯀꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯦꯞ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯁꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯏꯃꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯞ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯦꯞ ꯂꯧꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯖꯩ꯫

ꯀꯦꯇꯥꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯌꯥꯝ ꯁꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯀꯦꯇꯥꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯌꯥꯝ ꯁꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯐꯪꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯩ꯫ ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯀꯦꯇꯥꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯥꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯗꯥ ꯔꯦꯁꯄꯣꯟꯁ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯍꯟꯊꯔꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯌꯥꯝ ꯁꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯀꯗꯒꯦ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯊꯣꯛꯀꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯅꯤ꯫

ꯐꯤꯚꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯃꯤꯠꯌꯦꯡ ꯊꯝꯂꯤꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯀꯦꯇꯥꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯥ ꯃꯊꯟꯇꯥ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯊꯤꯅꯤꯉꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯦ (ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯃꯦꯂꯤꯒꯅꯦꯟꯇ ꯀꯦꯇꯥꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ)꯫(ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯁꯤꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ)꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯊꯣꯛ-ꯆꯠꯁꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯗꯕꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥꯁꯤꯡ (ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯄꯂꯃꯣꯅꯥꯔꯤ ꯑꯦꯝꯕꯣꯂꯤꯖꯝ , ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯃꯣꯅꯤꯌꯥ )ꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯍꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯁꯨ ꯅꯠꯇꯅꯥ, ꯀꯦꯇꯥꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯁꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯍꯟꯖꯤꯟ ꯍꯟꯖꯤꯟ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯗꯤ ꯕꯦꯟꯖꯣꯗꯤꯌꯥꯖꯦꯄꯤꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏ.ꯁꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯅꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯗꯤ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫

ꯃꯨꯗ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ (ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯕꯥꯏꯄꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ, ꯃꯦꯖꯔ ꯗꯤꯞꯔꯦꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ ) ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯗꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯤꯖꯣꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯤꯌꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯔꯦꯁ꯭ꯄꯣꯟꯁ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯤꯄꯨꯝ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯀꯤ ꯐꯤꯚꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯗꯦ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯐꯤꯚꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯐꯣꯔꯃꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯥꯎꯠꯂꯨꯛ ꯄꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯅꯤ꯫

ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯇꯥꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯐꯤꯚꯝ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯁꯥꯕꯨ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯒꯗꯒꯦ?

ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯇꯥꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯥꯅꯥ ꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯥꯃꯀꯄꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯦ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯗꯥ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯟ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯐꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯀꯦꯌꯔ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫ ꯀꯦꯇꯥꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯥꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯕꯨ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯊꯣꯛ-ꯆꯠꯁꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯗꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯔꯦꯁ꯭ꯄꯣꯟꯁ ꯇꯧꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯗꯥ ꯀꯃꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯗꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯊꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯦ, ꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯗꯤꯍꯥꯌꯗ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯆꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯛ ꯆꯥꯗꯕꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯁꯃꯁ꯭ꯌꯥꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ . ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯃꯣꯅꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯠꯊꯣꯛ-ꯆꯠꯁꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯗꯕꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯗꯥ ꯏ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯣꯛ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯄꯂꯃꯣꯅꯥꯔꯤ ꯑꯦꯝꯕꯣꯂꯤꯖꯝ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯃꯁꯥꯃꯀꯄꯨ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯁꯤꯡꯕꯨ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯃꯆꯠ-ꯁꯥꯖꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯊꯤꯕꯁꯨ ꯂꯩ꯫

ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯥ ꯎꯅꯒꯗꯒꯦ? ꯅꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯎꯇꯥꯛ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ?

ꯀꯦꯇꯥꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯎꯠꯄꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯔꯤꯕꯃꯈꯩ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ . ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯇꯦꯟꯁꯟ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯖꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯀꯦꯇꯥꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯕꯨ ꯍꯣꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯇꯥꯂꯗꯥ ꯄꯨꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯦꯝꯕꯨꯂꯦꯟꯁꯇꯥ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯃꯗꯨ 1990ꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯈꯤꯕꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ꯫

ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗꯥ ꯏꯃꯔꯖꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯤꯇꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠ (ETU) ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯀꯗꯒꯦ ?

ꯀꯦꯇꯥꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯥꯅꯥ ꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡ, ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯤꯖꯣꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯤꯌꯥꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯥꯕꯨ ꯁꯣꯀꯆꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯥꯕꯨ ꯁꯤꯖꯕꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯥꯃꯀꯄꯨ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ, ꯃꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯥꯕꯨ ꯁꯤꯖꯕꯒꯤ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯗꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯏꯃꯔꯖꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯔꯨꯝ (ETU) ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯀꯗꯕꯅꯤ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ 1990ꯗꯥ ꯐꯣꯟ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯗꯥ, ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ:

ꯀꯦꯇꯥꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯟ ꯐꯉ꯭ꯀꯁꯟꯗꯥ ꯑꯀꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯔꯦꯁ꯭ꯄꯣꯟꯁ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ-ꯃꯇꯧꯗꯥ ꯑꯀꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯀꯝꯞꯂꯦꯛꯁ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯈꯔꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯅꯦꯝꯅꯥ ꯔꯦꯁ꯭ꯄꯣꯟꯁ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯄꯤꯗꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯥ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯈꯔꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯃꯁꯥꯗꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯗꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯊꯤꯅꯤꯉꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯃꯆꯠ-ꯁꯥꯖꯠ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯀꯦꯇꯥꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯋꯥꯈꯂꯒꯤ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯒꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯀꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯊꯤꯅꯤꯉꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯃꯔꯖꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯁꯨ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯀꯃꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯦꯂꯤꯒꯅꯦꯟꯇ ꯀꯦꯇꯥꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯥ ( ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯊꯤꯅꯤꯉꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯃꯔꯖꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯥ) ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯗꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯃꯁꯥꯃꯀꯄꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯟ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯐꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯀꯦꯌꯔ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯗꯤ, ꯀꯦꯇꯥꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯀꯌꯥꯅꯥ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯀꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯔꯦꯁ꯭ꯄꯣꯟꯁ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯀꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯔꯦꯁꯄꯣꯟꯁ ꯇꯧꯗꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯠꯔꯣꯀꯅꯚꯂꯁꯤꯚ ꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤ (ECT)ꯗꯥ ꯔꯦꯁꯄꯣꯟꯁ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯆꯥꯅꯥ, ꯏꯐꯦꯛꯇꯤꯚ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯅꯥ, ꯀꯦꯇꯥꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯏꯐꯦꯛꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯅꯥ ꯔꯤꯚꯔꯁ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯥ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯟꯗꯔꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯕꯨ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯐꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

` ꯀꯦꯇꯥꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯥ, ꯀꯦꯇꯥꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯥ, ꯃꯦꯟꯇꯦꯜ ꯍꯦꯜꯊ, ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯟ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ, ꯂꯃꯆꯠ-ꯁꯥꯖꯠꯀꯤ ꯁꯃꯁ꯭ꯌꯥ, ꯆꯠꯊꯣꯛ-ꯆꯠꯁꯤꯅꯒꯤ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ, ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡ, ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ꯫