ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯣꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯁꯨ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ? ꯃꯁꯤ ꯍꯔꯅꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯗꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤꯅꯤ? (ꯍꯔꯅꯤꯌꯦꯇꯦꯗ ꯗꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ) - ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯉꯂꯁꯤ!

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯟꯊꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯦ꯫ ꯇꯤ.ꯚꯤ.ꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯆꯦꯌꯥꯔ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯊꯣꯔꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯣꯠꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯧꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ, ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ... ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯡꯇꯛꯅꯔꯤ, "ꯑꯣ ꯃꯥꯏ, ꯑꯩꯒꯤ ꯗꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯅꯁꯤꯜꯂꯛꯂꯤꯕꯔꯥ?" ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯉꯁꯤꯗꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯀꯌꯥꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ‘ ꯍꯔꯅꯤꯌꯦꯇꯦꯗ ꯗꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ’ ꯅꯠꯔꯒꯥ ‘ꯁ꯭ꯂꯤꯞ ꯗꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ’ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯁꯤ꯫

ꯗꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯥꯞꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈꯉꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ, ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯥꯏꯅꯦꯜ ꯀꯣꯔꯗꯀꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯀꯆꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯈꯉꯂꯁꯤ꯫ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯥꯏꯅꯦꯜ ꯀꯣꯔꯗ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯊꯃꯖꯤꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯳꯳ꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯚꯔꯇꯤꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ . ꯚꯔꯇꯤꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯜ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯇꯔꯨ-ꯇꯅꯥꯅꯕꯥ, ꯖꯦꯂꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯨꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯏꯟꯇꯔꯚꯦꯔꯤꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯜ ꯗꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ, ꯅꯠꯔꯒꯥ ‘ꯗꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ’ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ꯫

ꯗꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯛꯁꯤꯕꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ, ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯣꯡꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯥꯏꯅꯦꯜ ꯀꯣꯔꯗꯇꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯁꯣꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯟꯗꯨꯅꯥ ‘ꯁꯣꯛ ꯑꯦꯕꯁꯣꯔꯕꯥꯔ’ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯗꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯂꯦꯌꯔ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯂꯩ꯫

1. ꯏꯅꯔꯖꯤ ꯀꯣꯔ (Nucl EUS Pulposus): ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯇꯔꯨ-ꯇꯅꯥꯅꯕꯥ, ꯖꯦꯂꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯤ꯫

2. ꯃꯄꯥꯅꯒꯤ ꯀꯚꯔ (Annulus Fibrosus): ꯃꯁꯤ ꯖꯦꯂꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯀꯅꯈꯠꯄꯥ, ꯐꯤꯕꯔ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯄꯥꯅꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯡꯅꯤ꯫

ꯃꯔꯝ ꯈꯔꯗꯒꯤ, ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯈꯪꯍꯧꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯑꯔꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯌꯥꯃꯈꯠꯂꯀꯄꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯄꯥꯟꯊꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯀꯚꯔꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯇꯨꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯈꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯖꯦꯂꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯆꯥꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯄꯥꯟꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ‘ꯍꯔꯅꯤꯌꯥ ꯗꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ’ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯊꯣꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯖꯦꯂꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯆꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯅꯥꯛ ꯅꯀꯄꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯥꯏꯅꯦꯜ ꯀꯣꯔꯗ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯒꯤ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯔꯚꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯄꯤ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯒꯤ ꯊꯣꯏꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ, ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯍꯧꯔꯀꯏ꯫

ꯍꯔꯅꯤꯌꯥ ꯗꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯕꯜꯖꯤꯡ ꯗꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ?

ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯀꯌꯥꯅꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯥꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯅꯩ꯫ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯔꯕꯁꯨ, ꯑꯅꯤꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, ꯕꯣꯜꯖꯤꯡ ꯗꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯗꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯥꯟꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯀꯚꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯈꯤꯗꯕꯥ, ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯍꯨꯠꯇꯥ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯌꯥꯃꯈꯠꯂꯀꯄꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯍꯣꯡꯂꯛꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ ꯇꯌꯥꯔꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯄꯥꯟꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯍꯔꯅꯤꯌꯥ ꯗꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ, ꯃꯄꯥꯟꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯣꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯖꯦꯂꯤ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯤꯛ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯈꯦꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯦꯕꯜ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯍꯔꯅꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯗꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯍꯟꯗꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯀꯌꯥꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯏ꯫ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯔꯅꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯗꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯦ (ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ) ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯔꯚ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯀꯌꯥꯝ ꯐꯠꯇꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯄꯣꯜꯂꯤ꯫

ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡꯗꯤ :

• ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯕꯥ (numbness or tingling): ꯅꯔꯚ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯀꯣꯔꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯨꯠ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯇꯤꯟ ꯁꯤꯠꯄꯥ (tingling sensation) ꯑꯃꯥ꯫
• ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ, ꯃꯩꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ: ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯠꯔꯤꯛ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯨꯇꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯃꯁꯜ ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯕꯥ : ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯃꯁꯜ ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯈꯣꯡ ꯊꯥꯡꯒꯠꯄꯗꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯅꯥꯀꯜ ꯑꯃꯈꯛꯇꯗꯥ ꯂꯩ: ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯔꯥꯞꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯔꯥꯞꯄꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯈꯛꯇꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯗꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯇꯥ (ꯂꯝꯕꯔ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯥꯏꯅꯦꯜ) ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯇꯥꯔꯕꯗꯤ:

ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯧꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯣꯡꯄꯥꯛ, ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯣꯡꯄꯥꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯄꯥꯛ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ . ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ ‘ꯁꯥꯏꯇꯤꯀꯥ’ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥꯁꯨ ꯀꯧꯏ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ (ꯁꯔꯚꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯥꯏꯅꯦꯜ) ꯗꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯇꯥꯔꯕꯗꯤ:

ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯧꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯨꯎꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯈꯨꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ .

ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯇꯥꯟꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ!

ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯌꯨꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯦꯅꯦꯖ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯇꯦꯟꯁꯟ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯁ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯥꯂꯍꯧꯒꯤ ꯐꯤꯔꯥꯂꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯃꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯏ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯅꯀꯄꯥ ꯍꯣꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯇꯥꯜ ꯏꯃꯔꯖꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯗꯤꯄꯥꯔꯇꯃꯦꯟꯇ (ETU)ꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯨ꯫

• ꯈꯨꯠ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ .
• ꯂꯥꯏꯍꯧ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ .
• ꯔꯦꯛꯇꯝ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯖꯦꯅꯤꯇꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥꯗꯥ ꯁꯦꯟꯁꯁ ꯃꯥꯡꯈꯤꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯕꯣꯋꯦꯜ ꯗꯤꯁꯐꯉ꯭ꯀꯁꯟ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫

ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯥꯏꯅꯦꯜ ꯀꯣꯔꯗ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯃꯥꯡꯍꯟꯗꯅꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯎꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨ ꯑꯣꯏ .

ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯐꯪꯒꯅꯤ?

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯇꯥꯟꯅꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯕꯥ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯐꯤꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯀꯖꯥꯃꯤꯅꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯅꯤ꯫

• ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯅꯉꯣꯟꯗꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯥ ꯍꯪꯖꯔꯤ꯫
• ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯣꯛ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯠꯁꯤꯅꯒꯅꯤ꯫
• ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯐꯃꯨꯡ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯦꯡꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯍꯅꯒꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯥꯏꯀꯩꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯍꯅꯒꯅꯤ꯫
• ꯈꯨꯎ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯄꯀꯤ ꯔꯤꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯛꯁꯁꯤꯡ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫
• ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯂꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫
• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯀꯏ꯫

ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯁꯁꯤꯡꯗꯗꯤ, ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯐꯤꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯀꯖꯥꯃꯤꯅꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤꯈꯛꯇꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯃꯔꯃꯁꯤꯡ (ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯇꯤꯎꯃꯔ) ꯊꯤꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯔꯚ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯃꯈꯥ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫

• ꯑꯦꯛꯁ-ꯔꯦ: ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯛꯁ-ꯔꯦ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯍꯔꯅꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯗꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯂꯣꯏ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯥꯏꯅꯦꯜ ꯀꯣꯔꯗꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡ, ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯦꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯁꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯁ꯭ꯀꯦꯟ: ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁ-ꯔꯦꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯏꯃꯦꯖ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ꯫
• ꯑꯦꯝ.ꯑꯥꯔ.ꯑꯥꯏ.ꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯦꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ: ꯱.ꯍꯔꯅꯤꯌꯥ ꯗꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯦꯝ.ꯑꯥꯔ.ꯑꯥꯏ. ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯗꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯐꯝ, ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯀꯆꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯔꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯔꯚꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯝꯞꯔꯦꯁꯟ ꯇꯧꯔꯤꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯏ꯫
• ꯏ.ꯑꯦꯝ.ꯖꯤ. ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯟ.ꯁꯤ.ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯀꯤ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡ: ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯔꯚꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫ ``ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯠꯔꯣꯃꯥꯌꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯝ (EMG)`` ꯑꯃꯗꯥ, ꯃꯁꯂꯗꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯤꯗꯂꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯈꯨꯠꯂꯥꯏ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯍꯥꯄꯆꯤꯜꯂꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯠꯔꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯛꯇꯤꯚꯤꯇꯤ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ``ꯅꯔꯚ ꯀꯟꯗꯥꯛꯁꯟ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯗꯤꯖ (NCS)``ꯗꯥ, ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯠꯔꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯁꯤꯒꯅꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯅꯔꯚꯇꯥ ꯊꯥꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯖꯦꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯔꯚꯀꯤ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯍꯅꯒꯅꯤ? ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯃꯇꯧ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯍꯅꯒꯅꯤ?

ꯍꯣꯌ, ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯎ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯗꯤ, ꯍꯔꯅꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯗꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯈꯔꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯊꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯁꯥ ꯃꯊꯟꯇꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯁꯤꯅꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯁꯥ ꯃꯊꯟꯇꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯍꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯅꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫

ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯍꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯒꯅꯤ:

1. ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯅꯕꯥ: ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯊꯧꯔꯃꯁꯤꯡ (ꯍꯦꯚꯤ ꯂꯤꯐꯇꯤꯡ, ꯕꯦꯛ-ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯅꯤꯡ ꯑꯦꯛꯇꯤꯚꯤꯇꯤꯁꯤꯡ) ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯔꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯐꯃꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯁꯣꯔꯠ ꯋꯥꯀꯔꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯏꯆꯝ ꯆꯝꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯊꯧꯔꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯐꯩ꯫

2. ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯀꯁꯤꯡ: ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯄꯦꯏꯅꯀꯤꯂꯥꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯟꯇꯤ-ꯏꯅꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯦꯇꯔꯤ ꯗ꯭ꯔꯒꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯤ-ꯇꯝꯕꯤꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯧ꯫

3. ꯀꯣꯜꯗ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯣꯠ ꯀꯝꯞꯔꯦꯁꯁꯤꯡ: ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯑꯅꯤꯗꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯥꯏꯁ ꯄꯦꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯥꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯃꯁꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯔꯤꯂꯥꯛꯁꯦꯁꯟ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯥꯕꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯕꯣꯇꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯥꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜꯂꯣꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫

4. ꯐꯤꯖꯤꯑꯣꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤ: ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯎꯇꯥꯛ ꯄꯤꯔꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯐꯤꯖꯤꯑꯣꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯂꯃꯖꯤꯡ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯕꯦꯛ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯕꯗꯣꯃꯤꯅꯦꯜ ꯃꯁꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯀꯅꯈꯠꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯔꯁꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯁꯤꯅꯕꯗꯁꯨ ꯊꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯟꯊꯔꯛꯂꯕꯈꯛꯇꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯔꯁꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯛꯂꯕꯗꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯖꯤꯜꯂꯨ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯦꯡꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯔꯣꯏꯗ ꯏꯅꯖꯦꯀꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯔꯤꯐꯔ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯁꯁꯤꯡꯗꯈꯛꯇꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯂꯃꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯈꯟꯅꯩ꯫