ꯌꯨꯃꯗꯥ ꯔꯦꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ? ꯔꯦꯠ ꯆꯥꯀꯄꯅꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥꯁꯤꯡ (Rats and Diseases) ꯈꯉꯁꯤ

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯆꯥꯀꯁꯉꯗꯥ, ꯀꯄꯆꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯝꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯔꯨꯝ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯡꯒꯤ ꯆꯦꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯛ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯂꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ? ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯌꯨꯛꯇꯥ ꯌꯨꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯋꯥꯂꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯥꯛꯇꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯇꯥꯕꯔꯥ? ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯌꯨꯃꯗꯥ ꯀꯧꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯤꯊꯨꯡꯂꯦꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ, ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯣꯝꯅꯥ "ꯑꯣꯍ, ꯁꯨꯞꯅꯇꯒꯤ ꯔꯦꯠ ꯈꯔꯥ" ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯜꯂꯕꯁꯨ, ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯖꯤꯕ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯂꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯇꯦ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯉꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯔꯦꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯁꯤ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯊꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯅꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥꯁꯤꯡ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌ ꯏꯁꯥꯕꯨ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯛꯀꯗꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯁꯤ꯫

ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯅꯥꯅꯣ? ꯔꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯥꯏꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, ꯔꯦꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯌꯨꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯥꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ, ꯁꯍꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯨꯉ꯭ꯒꯪꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯆꯨꯁꯤꯟꯅꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯕꯥ ꯁꯥ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯥ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯕꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯁꯃꯁ꯭ꯌꯥꯗꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯆꯥ ꯄꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯤ꯫ ꯔꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯈꯛꯇꯅꯥ ꯂꯤꯇꯔ 3 ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ 6ꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯄꯨꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯤꯇꯔ 8 ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯔꯦꯠ ꯄꯣꯄꯨꯂꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯈꯟꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯀꯌꯥꯅꯥ ꯔꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯥꯏꯁꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯑꯅꯤꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯈꯦꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯊꯝꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯩꯗꯤ ꯁꯥꯏꯖꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅꯥꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯥꯏꯁꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯁꯥꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯌꯦꯅꯁꯤꯡꯗꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯁꯨ ꯅꯠꯇꯅꯥ, ꯔꯦꯠꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯥ ꯆꯥꯡꯗꯝꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯣꯏ, ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯏꯁꯀꯤ ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯁ꯭ꯔꯤꯂꯉ꯭ꯀꯥꯗꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯌꯨꯃꯗꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯔꯦꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤ꯫

ꯔꯦꯠꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯂꯗꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯔꯦꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕꯗꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯅꯒꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯥꯅꯤ, ꯃꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯅꯤꯁꯨꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯗꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯂꯩ: ꯱.ꯗꯥꯏꯔꯦꯛꯇ ꯀꯟꯇꯦꯛꯇ : ꯱.

• ꯔꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯅꯁꯤꯜꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯖꯤꯅꯕꯗꯒꯤ꯫
• ꯔꯦꯠ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯟ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯐꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯛ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯀꯄꯅꯥ꯫
• ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯌꯦꯅꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯛꯅ-ꯁꯝꯅꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯤꯠ, ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯤꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯞ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯟꯗꯨꯅꯥ꯫
• ꯁꯨꯡꯕꯥ ꯔꯦꯠ ꯐꯤꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯅꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯔꯇꯤꯀꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯩꯁꯥꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯟꯁꯤꯟꯅꯩ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯅꯍꯦꯜ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯊꯤꯅꯤꯡꯉꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯩꯅꯤ꯫

꯲.ꯗꯥꯏꯔꯦꯛꯇ ꯀꯟꯇꯦꯛꯇ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ: ꯱ .

• ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯥ ꯌꯦꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯐꯤ-ꯔꯣꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯤꯟ-ꯀꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕꯗꯥ ꯌꯦꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯁꯥ-ꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯄꯨꯋꯥꯔꯤꯗꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯂꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯁꯤꯍꯅꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯕꯨꯕꯣꯅꯤꯛ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯒ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯇꯧ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯈꯤꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨꯅꯤ꯫

ꯔꯦꯠꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥꯁꯤꯡ꯫

• ꯍꯥꯟꯇꯥꯚꯥꯏꯔꯁ: ꯃꯁꯤ ꯔꯦꯠ ꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯄꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯟ ꯏꯅꯍꯦꯜ ꯇꯧꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ `ꯍꯥꯟꯇꯥꯚꯥꯏꯔꯁ ꯄꯂꯃꯣꯅꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯤꯟꯗꯣꯝ (HPS)` ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ, ꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯪꯁꯇꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ . ꯁꯤꯕꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯏ꯫
• ꯇꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ: ꯂꯥꯏꯍꯧ ꯍꯧꯕꯥ, ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯁꯣꯛ-ꯄꯅꯕꯥ (ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯃꯀꯣꯛ, ꯈꯣꯡ, ꯈꯨꯎ), ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ , ꯃꯀꯣꯛ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ, ꯈꯣꯡ ꯍꯥꯝꯕꯥ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯗꯥꯏꯔꯤꯌꯥ .
• ꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯛꯀꯗꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ: ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ 4-10ꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯀꯣꯛ ꯆꯤꯀꯄꯥ, ꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯍꯣꯅꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯪꯁꯇꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯨꯃꯖꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

• ꯂꯦꯄꯇꯣꯁ꯭ꯄꯥꯏꯔꯣꯁꯤꯁ: ꯁ꯭ꯔꯤꯂꯉ꯭ꯀꯥꯗꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯕꯦꯛꯇꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯤꯠ, ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯔꯦꯠ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯅꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ (ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯡ-ꯍꯋꯥꯏ, ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯇꯨꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯁꯪꯕꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯏꯆꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ) ꯆꯪꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯍꯧ, ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯁꯣꯛ-ꯄꯅꯕꯥ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯤꯠ ꯎꯗꯕꯥ (joundice) ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ꯫

• ꯔꯦꯠ-ꯕꯥꯏꯠ ꯐꯤꯕꯔ (RBF): ꯃꯁꯤ `ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯄꯇꯣꯕꯦꯁꯤꯂꯁ ꯃꯣꯅꯤꯂꯤꯐꯣꯔꯃꯤꯁ` ꯕꯦꯛꯇꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯦꯔꯨꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯟꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯐꯤ-ꯔꯣꯂꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯁꯣꯛꯅ-ꯁꯝꯅꯕꯗꯒꯤ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯍꯧ, ꯈꯣꯡ ꯍꯥꯝꯕꯥ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯃꯥꯡꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯌꯨꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯥꯏꯁ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯒꯅꯤ?

ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯔꯦꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯌꯨꯛ-ꯅꯨꯡꯊꯤꯂꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯔꯝꯅꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯕꯨ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯗꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯄꯨꯛꯅꯤꯡ ꯆꯪꯂꯕꯗꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯌꯨꯃꯗꯥ ꯌꯦꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ꯫

• ꯃꯍꯤꯛ-ꯃꯇꯥꯏꯁꯤꯡ: ꯆꯦꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯥ-ꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯛ ꯃꯍꯤꯁꯤꯡ, ꯌꯨꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇꯥ, ꯀꯄꯆꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯆꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯊꯣꯡ-ꯊꯥꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯥꯛꯇꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯎ꯫
• ꯆꯦꯛ: ꯊꯣꯡꯅꯥꯎꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ, ꯕꯦꯖꯕꯣꯔꯗꯀꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ, ꯋꯥꯂꯁꯤꯡ, ꯋꯥꯌꯥꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯥꯔꯗꯕꯣꯔꯗꯀꯤ ꯕꯣꯛꯁꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯥꯛꯇꯥ ꯆꯥꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯔꯣꯗꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯦꯡꯎ꯫
• ꯈꯣꯟꯖꯦꯜ: ꯑꯌꯨꯛ-ꯅꯨꯡꯊꯤꯂꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯤꯖꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯌꯨꯃꯊꯀꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯞ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯆꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯟꯖꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ?
• ꯔꯦꯠ ꯕꯨꯔꯣꯁꯤꯡ (rat burrows): ꯕꯥꯒꯥꯅꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ, ꯑꯃꯣꯠꯄꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯥꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯎꯃꯪꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯄꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯦꯡꯎ꯫
• ꯐꯠꯇꯕꯥ ꯃꯍꯤꯛ: ꯌꯦꯅꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯟ (urine)ꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ, ꯑꯆꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯍꯤꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯃꯍꯤꯛ-ꯃꯇꯥꯏ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯃꯇꯧ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯡꯗꯣꯀꯄꯒꯦ? - ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ!

ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯔꯦꯠ ꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯄꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯅꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯉꯂꯦ, ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯦꯡꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯀꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯡꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯊꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤ: 1. ꯃꯁꯥꯃꯀꯄꯨ ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯀꯆꯕꯥ: ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯗꯥ, ꯔꯕ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯒ꯭ꯂꯣꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯝꯃꯨ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯇꯥꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯃꯥꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯎꯞꯄꯤꯌꯨ꯫ 2. ꯗꯤꯁꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯇ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ: ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯟ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯇꯔꯨ-ꯇꯅꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯤꯆ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯌꯨꯃꯒꯤ ꯗꯤꯁꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯇ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯥꯎ꯫ (ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯤꯆ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯕ꯭ꯂꯤꯆ ꯀꯞ 1.5 ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯤꯇꯔ 4ꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯟꯁꯤꯟꯅꯧ꯫) 3. ꯃꯤꯅꯠ 5 ꯉꯥꯏꯌꯨ: ꯁ꯭ꯞꯔꯦ ꯇꯧ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯗꯤꯁꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯇꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯅꯠ 5 ꯔꯣꯝ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯚꯥꯏꯔꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯕꯦꯛꯇꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥ ꯁꯤꯍꯅꯒꯅꯤ꯫ 4. ꯁꯦꯡꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ: ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯇꯔꯨ-ꯇꯅꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯃꯣꯠꯄꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯦꯄꯔ ꯇꯣꯏꯂꯦꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯧ꯫ 5. ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯎ꯫ 6. ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯡꯗꯣꯀꯎ: ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯗꯤꯁꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯇꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯡꯗꯣꯀꯎ꯫ 7. ꯈꯨꯠ ꯍꯥꯃꯗꯣꯀꯎ: ꯒ꯭ꯂꯣꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯠꯔꯤꯉꯩ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯥꯄꯣꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯡꯗꯣꯀꯎ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯒ꯭ꯂꯣꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯎ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯄꯣꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯡꯗꯣꯀꯎ꯫

ꯃꯇꯧ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯌꯨꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯥꯏꯁꯇꯒꯤ ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯛꯀꯗꯒꯦ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯗꯒꯤ ꯅꯥꯟꯊꯣꯛꯀꯗꯒꯦ?

• ꯌꯨꯃꯗꯥ ꯍꯨꯔꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ:ꯏꯟꯆꯤ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯍꯣꯜ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ, ꯋꯥꯂꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ, ꯊꯣꯡꯅꯥꯎꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯥꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯣꯡꯅꯥꯎꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯥꯛꯇꯥ, ꯁꯤꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯆꯨꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯆꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯜ ꯇꯧ꯫
• ꯆꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯨꯠꯊꯠꯄꯥ: ꯆꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯛ ꯊꯣꯡꯅꯥꯎ ꯍꯥꯡꯗꯣꯛꯇꯨꯅꯥ ꯊꯃꯒꯅꯨ꯫ ꯆꯦꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯥꯎꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯀꯨꯞꯅꯥ ꯊꯃꯖꯤꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯇꯦꯅꯔꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯃꯖꯤꯜꯂꯨ꯫ ꯂꯦꯃꯍꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯤꯆꯦꯅꯗꯥ ꯊꯃꯖꯤꯜꯂꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ, ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ꯫ ꯄꯣꯠꯆꯩꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯤꯖꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯦꯃꯍꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯎ꯫
• ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯔꯣꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯃꯨ: ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯨꯃꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯗꯕꯥ ꯎꯆꯦꯀꯁꯤꯡ, ꯎꯅꯁꯥꯁꯤꯡ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯊꯣꯡꯅꯥꯎꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯎ꯫ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯃꯣꯠꯄꯥ ꯊꯣꯡꯅꯥꯎꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯤꯡꯖꯤꯜꯂꯨ꯫
• ꯃꯥꯎꯁ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯄꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯦꯝꯃꯨ: ꯃꯥꯏꯁꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯆꯠꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯦꯡꯎ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯋꯥꯂꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯄꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯝꯃꯨ꯫
• ꯔꯥꯠ ꯄꯣꯏꯖꯟ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ: ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯩ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯧ . ꯔꯦꯠ ꯄꯣꯏꯖꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕꯗꯥ, ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯌꯨꯃꯁꯥꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯗꯨ ꯑꯉꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯣꯠꯆꯩꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯌꯧꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯥ ꯊꯝꯃꯨ꯫

• ꯄꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯀꯝꯄꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ: ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯔꯦꯠ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯄꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯀꯝꯄꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯩ꯫

ꯔꯦꯠ, ꯔꯦꯠ ꯐꯤꯕꯔ, ꯔꯦꯠ ꯐꯤꯕꯔ, ꯍꯥꯟꯇꯥꯚꯥꯏꯔꯁ, ꯂꯦꯄꯇꯣꯁ꯭ꯄꯥꯏꯔꯣꯁꯤꯁ, ꯔꯦꯠ-ꯕꯣꯔꯟ ꯗꯤꯖꯤꯖ, ꯍꯦꯂꯊ ꯁꯦꯐꯇꯤ꯫