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ꯅꯍꯥꯛ ꯗꯤꯍꯥꯌꯗ꯭ꯔꯦꯠ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ? ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ (ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯔꯚꯣꯂꯦꯃꯤꯌꯥ) ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯁꯤ!

ꯅꯍꯥꯛ ꯗꯤꯍꯥꯌꯗ꯭ꯔꯦꯠ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ? ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ (ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯔꯚꯣꯂꯦꯃꯤꯌꯥ) ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯁꯤ!

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯆꯝꯕꯥ, ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯐꯤꯚꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯔꯤꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ? ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯨꯃꯖꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ? ꯈꯉꯍꯧꯗꯅꯥ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ? ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯨꯞꯅꯇꯒꯤ ꯔꯦꯟꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯅꯠꯇꯦ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯁꯤꯅꯗꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤꯕꯨ (ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯥꯔꯚꯣꯂꯦꯃꯤꯌꯥ) ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ (ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯑꯣꯚꯔꯂꯣꯗ) ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ (ꯚꯣꯜꯌꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯚꯔꯂꯣꯗ) ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ꯫ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ꯫

ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯔꯚꯣꯂꯦꯃꯤꯌꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯑꯣꯀꯦ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯃꯁꯤ꯫ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ 50%ꯗꯒꯤ 60% ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯗꯤ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ, ꯏ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯤꯝꯐ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯏ ꯆꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯠꯔꯤꯑꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯛ-ꯄꯨꯁꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯂꯕꯗꯤ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯒꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯈꯟꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ , ꯍꯥꯏ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ , ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯌꯥꯝ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯦ? ꯀꯅꯥꯅꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯐꯪꯒꯅꯤ?

ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯕꯗꯤ, ꯀꯅꯥꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ (Hypervolemia) ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯈꯔꯗꯗꯤ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯈꯠꯂꯀꯄꯅꯤ꯫ ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ:

  • ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ꯫
  • ꯃꯤꯔꯣꯜꯂꯤꯕꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ꯫
  • ꯅꯨꯄꯤꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯗꯤ, ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯣꯔꯃꯣꯅꯒꯤ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ꯫
  • ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯛꯇꯥ ꯁꯣꯜꯇ (i.e. ꯁꯣꯗꯤꯌꯝ) ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯄꯆꯤꯜꯂꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯗꯤ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯦ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯔꯤꯇꯦꯟꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯁꯥ ꯃꯊꯟꯇꯥ ꯆꯠꯀꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯗꯤ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯑꯟꯗꯔꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯔꯚꯣꯂꯦꯃꯤꯌꯥꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯂꯩꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯁꯣꯛ-ꯄꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯣꯡꯃꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ-ꯊꯧꯔꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯔꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫ ꯅꯉꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯗꯥ ꯅꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯂꯦꯞꯄꯗꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯏ, ꯅꯠꯇꯦ?

ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯋꯥꯡꯈꯠꯍꯟꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯦꯡꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯉꯩꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯇꯥꯎꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯝꯃꯨ꯫ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯀꯝꯞꯔꯦꯁꯟ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯀꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯗꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯐꯠꯆꯤꯜꯂꯛꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯣꯛ-ꯄꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯔꯛꯂꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯜꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯌꯗꯅꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯇꯥꯟꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯔꯚꯣꯂꯦꯃꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯈꯔꯗꯗꯤ ꯃꯌꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯥ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯈꯔꯗꯗꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯏ꯫ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤ:

  • ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯛ-ꯄꯅꯕꯥ: ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯈꯨꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯛ-ꯄꯅꯕꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠꯇꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯅꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
  • ꯕ꯭ꯂꯣꯇꯤꯡ/ ꯗꯤꯁꯇꯦꯟꯁꯟ: ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯠꯅꯥ ꯊꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
  • ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ (minor discomfort): ꯃꯁꯜ ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯍꯦꯗ-ꯑꯦꯀꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡ꯫
  • ꯈꯪꯍꯧꯗꯅꯥ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ꯫

ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡꯁꯨ ꯂꯩꯔꯤ . ꯃꯈꯣꯏ ꯑꯁꯤ:

  • ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯋꯥꯡꯈꯠꯄꯥ꯫
  • ꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯍꯣꯅꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ꯫
  • ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯐꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ (ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯐꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ)꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯍꯦꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯍꯣꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯇꯥꯂꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯀꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯀꯥꯑꯣꯔꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯔꯚꯣꯂꯦꯃꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯤꯕꯅꯣ?

ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤ꯫ ꯃꯔꯨ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤ꯫

ꯁꯣꯜꯇ (ꯁꯣꯗꯤꯌꯝ) ꯑꯁꯤ .

ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯜꯇ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ `ꯁꯣꯗꯤꯌꯝ`ꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯅꯤ꯫ ꯁꯣꯗꯤꯌꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯇꯉꯥꯏꯐꯗꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯅꯔꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯛꯇꯥ ꯁꯣꯗꯤꯌꯃꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯅꯥꯏꯗꯕꯥ ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯆꯥꯕꯥ ꯇꯥꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯕꯦꯂꯦꯟꯁ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯂꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯅꯥꯏꯗꯕꯥ ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯆꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯣꯏꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯇꯀꯈꯥꯌꯔꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯆꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ, ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯑꯀꯪꯕꯥ, ꯑꯀꯪꯕꯥ ꯉꯥ, ꯉꯥ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯆꯤꯄꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯣꯟ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯈꯟꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯅꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯗꯤꯌꯃꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯨꯃꯖꯤꯜꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯏꯅꯠꯔꯥꯚꯦꯅꯁ (IV) ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗꯁꯤꯡꯗꯁꯨ ꯁꯣꯗꯤꯌꯝ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ꯫ ꯀꯦꯁꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯔꯚꯣꯂꯦꯃꯤꯌꯥ (ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯗꯤꯌꯃꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯗꯕꯥ)ꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯑꯟꯗꯔꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯈꯔꯅꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯃꯦꯅꯦꯖ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯁꯨ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯔꯚꯣꯂꯦꯃꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ:

  • ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯐꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ꯫
  • ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ꯫
  • ꯂꯤꯚꯔꯒꯤ ꯁꯤꯔꯣꯁꯤꯁ (Cirrhosis)꯫
  • ꯍꯦꯄꯥꯇꯥꯏꯇꯤꯁ꯫
  • ꯗꯥꯏꯕꯤꯇꯤꯖ.

ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯗꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯀꯁꯤꯡ, ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔꯒꯤ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯦꯟ ꯀꯤꯂꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯏꯗ ꯏꯐꯦꯛꯇ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯔꯚꯣꯂꯦꯃꯤꯌꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯃꯈꯥ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯦꯅꯦꯖ ꯇꯧꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯔꯚꯣꯂꯦꯃꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯐꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫

ꯍꯣꯔꯃꯣꯅꯒꯤ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯤꯔꯣꯅꯕꯥ꯫

ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯔꯚꯣꯂꯦꯃꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯣꯔꯃꯣꯅꯒꯤ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯊꯥꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯀꯥꯞ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯤꯔꯣꯜꯂꯤꯉꯩ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯗꯤꯌꯝ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯤꯔꯣꯜꯂꯤꯕꯤ ꯅꯨꯄꯤꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯄꯥꯛ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯏꯎꯇꯦꯔꯥꯁꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯚꯦꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯄꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯄꯨꯝꯕꯗꯥ (`ꯁꯔꯀꯨꯂꯦꯇꯔꯤ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ`) ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯤ ꯁꯔꯛꯌꯨꯂꯦꯁꯟꯗꯥ ꯑꯀꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯄꯤ꯫

ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗꯁꯤꯡ ꯔꯤꯒꯨꯂꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯗꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯅꯣ?

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯟ (ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯅꯔꯤ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ) ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯐꯤꯜꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯣꯠꯄꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯉꯥꯏꯐꯗꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯅꯔꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ (ꯁꯣꯗꯤꯌꯝ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯣꯇꯥꯁꯤꯌꯃꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ) ꯇꯣꯈꯥꯌꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯑꯃꯣꯠꯄꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯀꯏ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯦꯃꯍꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯏꯗꯥ ꯍꯜꯂꯀꯍꯟꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯍꯧꯔꯀꯏ꯫

ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯔꯚꯣꯂꯦꯃꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯄꯒꯦ?

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯎꯅꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯥ ꯍꯪꯒꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐꯤꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯀꯖꯥꯃꯤꯅꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯇꯧꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯅꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯗꯤꯌꯃꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯏꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯚꯣꯜꯌꯨꯝ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯖꯜꯇꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯇꯥꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯔꯚꯣꯂꯦꯃꯤꯌꯥ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯔꯚꯣꯂꯦꯃꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯑꯟꯗꯔꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯆꯤꯡꯅꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯦꯟ (ꯏꯃꯦꯖꯤꯡ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ) ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯔꯚꯣꯂꯦꯃꯤꯌꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯟꯗꯔꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯁꯥꯕꯨ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯅꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯪꯍꯧꯗꯅꯥ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯅꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫

ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯔꯚꯣꯂꯦꯃꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ-ꯃꯇꯧꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯩ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯟꯗꯃꯗꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗꯀꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯏꯐꯦꯛꯇꯤꯚ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯗꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯦꯅꯦꯖ ꯇꯧꯕꯅꯤ, ꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯒꯅꯤ꯫

ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯄꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯗꯤ:

  • ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯕꯦꯇꯤꯖ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ: ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯅꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗꯀꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫
  • ꯆꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯛꯇꯒꯤ ꯁꯣꯜꯇ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯥ꯫
  • ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯊꯀꯄꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯥ꯫
  • ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯂꯥꯏꯁꯤꯁ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯄꯦꯔꯥꯁꯦꯟꯇꯦꯁꯤꯁꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯡ: ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯊꯗꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯅꯤ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯔꯚꯣꯂꯦꯃꯤꯌꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ?

ꯍꯣꯌ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯔꯚꯣꯂꯦꯃꯤꯌꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯁꯨ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯀꯄꯥ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯇꯉꯥꯏꯐꯗꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯤꯃꯤꯠ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯣꯡꯃꯗꯥ ꯀꯌꯥꯝ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯊꯀꯄꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯒꯤ ꯔꯦꯀꯣꯔꯗ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯝꯃꯨ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯁꯨ ꯅꯠꯇꯅꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯣꯡꯃꯗꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯊꯀꯒꯗꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯍꯪꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫

ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯩꯍꯥꯛ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯛꯀꯅꯤ?

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯐꯪꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯄꯨꯡ 24ꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯍꯧꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯀꯌꯥꯅꯤ ꯆꯪꯂꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯒꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯒꯤ ꯔꯦꯖꯤꯃꯦꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯦꯃꯗꯣꯛ-ꯁꯦꯃꯖꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯒꯅꯤ꯫

ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯔꯚꯣꯂꯦꯃꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯒꯅꯤ?

ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯁꯨ, ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤ:

  • ꯂꯣ-ꯁꯣꯜꯇ ꯗꯥꯏꯠ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯆꯥꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ (ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯑꯥꯔꯇꯤꯐꯤꯁꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯏꯟꯇꯦꯂꯤꯖꯦꯟꯁ, ꯀꯦꯟꯗꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ, ꯏꯅꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯇ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯥ, ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯔꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ)
  • ꯅꯣꯡꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯊꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗꯀꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯦꯀꯁꯤꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫
  • ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯪꯍꯧꯗꯅꯥ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯁꯥꯕꯨ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯅꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯎ꯫
  • ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯑꯟꯗꯔꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯕꯨ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯦꯅꯦꯖ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯥ꯫

ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯔꯚꯣꯂꯦꯃꯤꯌꯥꯅꯥ ꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯑꯥꯁꯥ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯁꯥꯏꯗ ꯏꯐꯦꯛꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯁꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯟꯗꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯇꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯛꯂꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯔꯚꯣꯂꯦꯃꯤꯌꯥꯅꯥ ꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯏ꯫ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯈꯔꯗꯗꯤ, ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯔꯚꯣꯂꯦꯃꯤꯌꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯑꯟꯗꯔꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯤꯀꯣꯚꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯟꯗꯔꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯌꯥꯝ ꯐꯖꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯄꯣꯜꯂꯤ꯫

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯒ꯭ꯅꯣꯁꯤꯁ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯨꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ (ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯥꯏꯇꯇꯥ ꯁꯣꯜꯇ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯊꯀꯄꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯥ)ꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯥ ꯇꯥꯟꯅꯧ꯫

ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯔꯚꯣꯂꯦꯃꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯌꯥꯝ ꯁꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯔꯚꯣꯂꯦꯃꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯌꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯁꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯈꯔꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯁꯥ ꯃꯊꯟꯇꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯇꯥꯟꯅꯕꯅꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯩ꯫ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯁꯁꯤꯡꯗꯗꯤ, ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯑꯟꯗꯔꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯆꯪꯂꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯔꯚꯣꯂꯦꯃꯤꯌꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯟꯗꯔꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯍꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯀꯌꯥꯅꯤ ꯂꯦꯡꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯥ ꯎꯅꯒꯗꯒꯦ?

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯔꯚꯣꯂꯦꯃꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯥ ꯇꯥꯟꯅꯧ꯫ ꯉꯟꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯅꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯐꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯐꯪꯍꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯂꯩꯕꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯗꯁꯨ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫

ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗꯥ ꯏꯃꯔꯖꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯤꯇꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠ (ETU) ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯀꯗꯒꯦ ?

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯍꯣꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ, ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯔꯦꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ , ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯏꯃꯔꯖꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯔꯨꯝ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯨ꯫

ꯑꯩꯒꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯗꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯋꯥꯍꯪ ꯍꯪꯒꯗꯒꯦ?

  • ꯑꯩꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯗꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯥ ꯐꯤꯚꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤꯕꯅꯣ?
  • ꯅꯣꯡꯃꯗꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯊꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯒꯦ?
  • ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯕꯦꯇꯤꯖ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯍꯧꯒꯗꯒꯦ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯌꯥꯝ ꯁꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯧꯒꯗꯒꯦ?
  • ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯔꯚꯣꯂꯦꯃꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯩꯒꯤ ꯑꯟꯗꯔꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯦꯅꯦꯖ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯒꯦ?

ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯔꯚꯣꯂꯦꯃꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯣꯚꯣꯂꯦꯃꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯦ?

(ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯥꯔꯚꯣꯂꯦꯃꯤꯌꯥ) ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ (ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯣꯚꯣꯂꯦꯃꯤꯌꯥ)ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯏꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯈꯪꯍꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯅꯤꯅꯤ꯫ ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯔꯚꯣꯂꯦꯃꯤꯌꯥꯗꯥ, "ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯥꯔ" ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ "ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ" ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯣꯚꯣꯂꯦꯃꯤꯌꯥꯗꯥ, "ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯣ" ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ "ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯅꯦꯝꯅꯥ" ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯅꯤ꯫ "vol" ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯚꯣꯜꯌꯨꯝꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯔꯚꯣꯂꯦꯃꯤꯌꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯣꯚꯣꯂꯦꯃꯤꯌꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯅꯦꯝꯃꯤ꯫

ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯗꯥ, ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯗꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ (ꯇꯦꯛ-ꯍꯣꯝ ꯃꯦꯁꯦꯖ)

ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯖꯔꯕꯥ ꯏꯔꯩꯕꯥꯀꯆꯥꯁꯤꯡ, ꯑꯩꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯥꯁꯥ ꯇꯧꯔꯤ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛꯇꯤ ꯑꯗꯣꯝꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯔꯚꯣꯂꯦꯃꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯂꯦ꯫

ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯔꯤꯇꯦꯟꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯍꯧꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯇꯥꯟꯅꯕꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫

ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯁꯥ ꯃꯊꯟꯇꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯁꯤꯜꯂꯕꯁꯨ, ꯂꯦꯡ-ꯑꯣꯠꯄꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ, ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯗꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯔꯚꯣꯂꯦꯃꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯊꯤꯅꯤꯉꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯣꯜꯇ ꯏꯅꯇꯦꯛ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯟꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯦꯅꯦꯖ ꯇꯧꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯔꯚꯣꯂꯦꯃꯤꯌꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯣꯠꯅꯧ꯫ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯐꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯌꯨ!


` ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯔꯚꯣꯂꯦꯃꯤꯌꯥ, ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ, ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ, ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ, ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ, ꯁꯣꯗꯤꯌꯝ, ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯐꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ꯫

⚠️ Important: The medical articles and information on Nirogi Lanka are for general awareness only, and are by no means a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. For any medical problem you have, consult a qualified physician immediately.

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ꯅꯍꯥꯛ ꯗꯤꯍꯥꯌꯗ꯭ꯔꯦꯠ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ? ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ (ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯔꯚꯣꯂꯦꯃꯤꯌꯥ) ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯁꯤ!

ꯅꯍꯥꯛ ꯗꯤꯍꯥꯌꯗ꯭ꯔꯦꯠ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ? ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ (ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯔꯚꯣꯂꯦꯃꯤꯌꯥ) ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯁꯤ!

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯆꯝꯕꯥ, ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯐꯤꯚꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯔꯤꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ? ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯨꯃꯖꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ? ꯈꯉꯍꯧꯗꯅꯥ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ? ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯨꯞꯅꯇꯒꯤ ꯔꯦꯟꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯅꯠꯇꯦ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯁꯤꯅꯗꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤꯕꯨ (ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯥꯔꯚꯣꯂꯦꯃꯤꯌꯥ) ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ (ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯑꯣꯚꯔꯂꯣꯗ) ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ (ꯚꯣꯜꯌꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯚꯔꯂꯣꯗ) ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ꯫ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ꯫

ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯔꯚꯣꯂꯦꯃꯤꯌꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯑꯣꯀꯦ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯃꯁꯤ꯫ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ 50%ꯗꯒꯤ 60% ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯗꯤ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ, ꯏ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯤꯝꯐ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯏ ꯆꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯠꯔꯤꯑꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯛ-ꯄꯨꯁꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯂꯕꯗꯤ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯒꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯈꯟꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ , ꯍꯥꯏ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ , ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯌꯥꯝ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯦ? ꯀꯅꯥꯅꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯐꯪꯒꯅꯤ?

ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯕꯗꯤ, ꯀꯅꯥꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ (Hypervolemia) ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯈꯔꯗꯗꯤ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯈꯠꯂꯀꯄꯅꯤ꯫ ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ:

  • ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ꯫
  • ꯃꯤꯔꯣꯜꯂꯤꯕꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ꯫
  • ꯅꯨꯄꯤꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯗꯤ, ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯣꯔꯃꯣꯅꯒꯤ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ꯫
  • ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯛꯇꯥ ꯁꯣꯜꯇ (i.e. ꯁꯣꯗꯤꯌꯝ) ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯄꯆꯤꯜꯂꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯗꯤ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯦ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯔꯤꯇꯦꯟꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯁꯥ ꯃꯊꯟꯇꯥ ꯆꯠꯀꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯗꯤ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯑꯟꯗꯔꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯔꯚꯣꯂꯦꯃꯤꯌꯥꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯂꯩꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯁꯣꯛ-ꯄꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯣꯡꯃꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ-ꯊꯧꯔꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯔꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫ ꯅꯉꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯗꯥ ꯅꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯂꯦꯞꯄꯗꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯏ, ꯅꯠꯇꯦ?

ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯋꯥꯡꯈꯠꯍꯟꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯦꯡꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯉꯩꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯇꯥꯎꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯝꯃꯨ꯫ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯀꯝꯞꯔꯦꯁꯟ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯀꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯗꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯐꯠꯆꯤꯜꯂꯛꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯣꯛ-ꯄꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯔꯛꯂꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯜꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯌꯗꯅꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯇꯥꯟꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯔꯚꯣꯂꯦꯃꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯈꯔꯗꯗꯤ ꯃꯌꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯥ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯈꯔꯗꯗꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯏ꯫ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤ:

  • ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯛ-ꯄꯅꯕꯥ: ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯈꯨꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯛ-ꯄꯅꯕꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠꯇꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯅꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
  • ꯕ꯭ꯂꯣꯇꯤꯡ/ ꯗꯤꯁꯇꯦꯟꯁꯟ: ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯠꯅꯥ ꯊꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
  • ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ (minor discomfort): ꯃꯁꯜ ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯍꯦꯗ-ꯑꯦꯀꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡ꯫
  • ꯈꯪꯍꯧꯗꯅꯥ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ꯫

ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡꯁꯨ ꯂꯩꯔꯤ . ꯃꯈꯣꯏ ꯑꯁꯤ:

  • ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯋꯥꯡꯈꯠꯄꯥ꯫
  • ꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯍꯣꯅꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ꯫
  • ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯐꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ (ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯐꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ)꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯍꯦꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯍꯣꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯇꯥꯂꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯀꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯀꯥꯑꯣꯔꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯔꯚꯣꯂꯦꯃꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯤꯕꯅꯣ?

ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤ꯫ ꯃꯔꯨ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤ꯫

ꯁꯣꯜꯇ (ꯁꯣꯗꯤꯌꯝ) ꯑꯁꯤ .

ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯜꯇ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ `ꯁꯣꯗꯤꯌꯝ`ꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯅꯤ꯫ ꯁꯣꯗꯤꯌꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯇꯉꯥꯏꯐꯗꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯅꯔꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯛꯇꯥ ꯁꯣꯗꯤꯌꯃꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯅꯥꯏꯗꯕꯥ ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯆꯥꯕꯥ ꯇꯥꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯕꯦꯂꯦꯟꯁ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯂꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯅꯥꯏꯗꯕꯥ ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯆꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯣꯏꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯇꯀꯈꯥꯌꯔꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯆꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ, ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯑꯀꯪꯕꯥ, ꯑꯀꯪꯕꯥ ꯉꯥ, ꯉꯥ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯆꯤꯄꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯣꯟ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯈꯟꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯅꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯗꯤꯌꯃꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯨꯃꯖꯤꯜꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯏꯅꯠꯔꯥꯚꯦꯅꯁ (IV) ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗꯁꯤꯡꯗꯁꯨ ꯁꯣꯗꯤꯌꯝ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ꯫ ꯀꯦꯁꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯔꯚꯣꯂꯦꯃꯤꯌꯥ (ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯗꯤꯌꯃꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯗꯕꯥ)ꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯑꯟꯗꯔꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯈꯔꯅꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯃꯦꯅꯦꯖ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯁꯨ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯔꯚꯣꯂꯦꯃꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ:

  • ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯐꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ꯫
  • ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ꯫
  • ꯂꯤꯚꯔꯒꯤ ꯁꯤꯔꯣꯁꯤꯁ (Cirrhosis)꯫
  • ꯍꯦꯄꯥꯇꯥꯏꯇꯤꯁ꯫
  • ꯗꯥꯏꯕꯤꯇꯤꯖ.

ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯗꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯀꯁꯤꯡ, ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔꯒꯤ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯦꯟ ꯀꯤꯂꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯏꯗ ꯏꯐꯦꯛꯇ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯔꯚꯣꯂꯦꯃꯤꯌꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯃꯈꯥ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯦꯅꯦꯖ ꯇꯧꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯔꯚꯣꯂꯦꯃꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯐꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫

ꯍꯣꯔꯃꯣꯅꯒꯤ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯤꯔꯣꯅꯕꯥ꯫

ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯔꯚꯣꯂꯦꯃꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯣꯔꯃꯣꯅꯒꯤ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯊꯥꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯀꯥꯞ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯤꯔꯣꯜꯂꯤꯉꯩ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯗꯤꯌꯝ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯤꯔꯣꯜꯂꯤꯕꯤ ꯅꯨꯄꯤꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯄꯥꯛ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯏꯎꯇꯦꯔꯥꯁꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯚꯦꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯄꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯄꯨꯝꯕꯗꯥ (`ꯁꯔꯀꯨꯂꯦꯇꯔꯤ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ`) ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯤ ꯁꯔꯛꯌꯨꯂꯦꯁꯟꯗꯥ ꯑꯀꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯄꯤ꯫

ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗꯁꯤꯡ ꯔꯤꯒꯨꯂꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯗꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯅꯣ?

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯟ (ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯅꯔꯤ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ) ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯐꯤꯜꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯣꯠꯄꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯉꯥꯏꯐꯗꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯅꯔꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ (ꯁꯣꯗꯤꯌꯝ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯣꯇꯥꯁꯤꯌꯃꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ) ꯇꯣꯈꯥꯌꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯑꯃꯣꯠꯄꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯀꯏ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯦꯃꯍꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯏꯗꯥ ꯍꯜꯂꯀꯍꯟꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯍꯧꯔꯀꯏ꯫

ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯔꯚꯣꯂꯦꯃꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯄꯒꯦ?

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯎꯅꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯥ ꯍꯪꯒꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐꯤꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯀꯖꯥꯃꯤꯅꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯇꯧꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯅꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯗꯤꯌꯃꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯏꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯚꯣꯜꯌꯨꯝ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯖꯜꯇꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯇꯥꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯔꯚꯣꯂꯦꯃꯤꯌꯥ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯔꯚꯣꯂꯦꯃꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯑꯟꯗꯔꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯆꯤꯡꯅꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯦꯟ (ꯏꯃꯦꯖꯤꯡ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ) ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯔꯚꯣꯂꯦꯃꯤꯌꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯟꯗꯔꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯁꯥꯕꯨ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯅꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯪꯍꯧꯗꯅꯥ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯅꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫

ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯔꯚꯣꯂꯦꯃꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ-ꯃꯇꯧꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯩ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯟꯗꯃꯗꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗꯀꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯏꯐꯦꯛꯇꯤꯚ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯗꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯦꯅꯦꯖ ꯇꯧꯕꯅꯤ, ꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯒꯅꯤ꯫

ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯄꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯗꯤ:

  • ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯕꯦꯇꯤꯖ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ: ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯅꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗꯀꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫
  • ꯆꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯛꯇꯒꯤ ꯁꯣꯜꯇ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯥ꯫
  • ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯊꯀꯄꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯥ꯫
  • ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯂꯥꯏꯁꯤꯁ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯄꯦꯔꯥꯁꯦꯟꯇꯦꯁꯤꯁꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯡ: ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯊꯗꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯅꯤ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯔꯚꯣꯂꯦꯃꯤꯌꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ?

ꯍꯣꯌ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯔꯚꯣꯂꯦꯃꯤꯌꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯁꯨ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯀꯄꯥ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯇꯉꯥꯏꯐꯗꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯤꯃꯤꯠ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯣꯡꯃꯗꯥ ꯀꯌꯥꯝ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯊꯀꯄꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯒꯤ ꯔꯦꯀꯣꯔꯗ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯝꯃꯨ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯁꯨ ꯅꯠꯇꯅꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯣꯡꯃꯗꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯊꯀꯒꯗꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯍꯪꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫

ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯩꯍꯥꯛ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯛꯀꯅꯤ?

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯐꯪꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯄꯨꯡ 24ꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯍꯧꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯀꯌꯥꯅꯤ ꯆꯪꯂꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯒꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯒꯤ ꯔꯦꯖꯤꯃꯦꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯦꯃꯗꯣꯛ-ꯁꯦꯃꯖꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯒꯅꯤ꯫

ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯔꯚꯣꯂꯦꯃꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯒꯅꯤ?

ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯁꯨ, ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤ:

  • ꯂꯣ-ꯁꯣꯜꯇ ꯗꯥꯏꯠ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯆꯥꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ (ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯑꯥꯔꯇꯤꯐꯤꯁꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯏꯟꯇꯦꯂꯤꯖꯦꯟꯁ, ꯀꯦꯟꯗꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ, ꯏꯅꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯇ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯥ, ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯔꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ)
  • ꯅꯣꯡꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯊꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗꯀꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯦꯀꯁꯤꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫
  • ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯪꯍꯧꯗꯅꯥ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯁꯥꯕꯨ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯅꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯎ꯫
  • ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯑꯟꯗꯔꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯕꯨ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯦꯅꯦꯖ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯥ꯫

ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯔꯚꯣꯂꯦꯃꯤꯌꯥꯅꯥ ꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯑꯥꯁꯥ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯁꯥꯏꯗ ꯏꯐꯦꯛꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯁꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯟꯗꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯇꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯛꯂꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯔꯚꯣꯂꯦꯃꯤꯌꯥꯅꯥ ꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯏ꯫ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯈꯔꯗꯗꯤ, ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯔꯚꯣꯂꯦꯃꯤꯌꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯑꯟꯗꯔꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯤꯀꯣꯚꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯟꯗꯔꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯌꯥꯝ ꯐꯖꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯄꯣꯜꯂꯤ꯫

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯒ꯭ꯅꯣꯁꯤꯁ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯨꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ (ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯥꯏꯇꯇꯥ ꯁꯣꯜꯇ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯊꯀꯄꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯥ)ꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯥ ꯇꯥꯟꯅꯧ꯫

ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯔꯚꯣꯂꯦꯃꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯌꯥꯝ ꯁꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯔꯚꯣꯂꯦꯃꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯌꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯁꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯈꯔꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯁꯥ ꯃꯊꯟꯇꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯇꯥꯟꯅꯕꯅꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯩ꯫ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯁꯁꯤꯡꯗꯗꯤ, ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯑꯟꯗꯔꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯆꯪꯂꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯔꯚꯣꯂꯦꯃꯤꯌꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯟꯗꯔꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯍꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯀꯌꯥꯅꯤ ꯂꯦꯡꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯥ ꯎꯅꯒꯗꯒꯦ?

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯔꯚꯣꯂꯦꯃꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯥ ꯇꯥꯟꯅꯧ꯫ ꯉꯟꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯅꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯐꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯐꯪꯍꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯂꯩꯕꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯗꯁꯨ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫

ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗꯥ ꯏꯃꯔꯖꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯤꯇꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠ (ETU) ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯀꯗꯒꯦ ?

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯍꯣꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ, ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯔꯦꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ , ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯏꯃꯔꯖꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯔꯨꯝ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯨ꯫

ꯑꯩꯒꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯗꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯋꯥꯍꯪ ꯍꯪꯒꯗꯒꯦ?

  • ꯑꯩꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯗꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯥ ꯐꯤꯚꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤꯕꯅꯣ?
  • ꯅꯣꯡꯃꯗꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯊꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯒꯦ?
  • ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯕꯦꯇꯤꯖ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯍꯧꯒꯗꯒꯦ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯌꯥꯝ ꯁꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯧꯒꯗꯒꯦ?
  • ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯔꯚꯣꯂꯦꯃꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯩꯒꯤ ꯑꯟꯗꯔꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯦꯅꯦꯖ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯒꯦ?

ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯔꯚꯣꯂꯦꯃꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯣꯚꯣꯂꯦꯃꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯦ?

(ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯥꯔꯚꯣꯂꯦꯃꯤꯌꯥ) ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ (ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯣꯚꯣꯂꯦꯃꯤꯌꯥ)ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯏꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯈꯪꯍꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯅꯤꯅꯤ꯫ ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯔꯚꯣꯂꯦꯃꯤꯌꯥꯗꯥ, "ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯥꯔ" ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ "ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ" ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯣꯚꯣꯂꯦꯃꯤꯌꯥꯗꯥ, "ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯣ" ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ "ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯅꯦꯝꯅꯥ" ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯅꯤ꯫ "vol" ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯚꯣꯜꯌꯨꯝꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯔꯚꯣꯂꯦꯃꯤꯌꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯣꯚꯣꯂꯦꯃꯤꯌꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯅꯦꯝꯃꯤ꯫

ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯗꯥ, ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯗꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ (ꯇꯦꯛ-ꯍꯣꯝ ꯃꯦꯁꯦꯖ)

ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯖꯔꯕꯥ ꯏꯔꯩꯕꯥꯀꯆꯥꯁꯤꯡ, ꯑꯩꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯥꯁꯥ ꯇꯧꯔꯤ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛꯇꯤ ꯑꯗꯣꯝꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯔꯚꯣꯂꯦꯃꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯂꯦ꯫

ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯔꯤꯇꯦꯟꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯍꯧꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯇꯥꯟꯅꯕꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫

ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯁꯥ ꯃꯊꯟꯇꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯁꯤꯜꯂꯕꯁꯨ, ꯂꯦꯡ-ꯑꯣꯠꯄꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ, ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯗꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯔꯚꯣꯂꯦꯃꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯊꯤꯅꯤꯉꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯣꯜꯇ ꯏꯅꯇꯦꯛ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯟꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯦꯅꯦꯖ ꯇꯧꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯔꯚꯣꯂꯦꯃꯤꯌꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯣꯠꯅꯧ꯫ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯐꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯌꯨ!


` ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯔꯚꯣꯂꯦꯃꯤꯌꯥ, ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ, ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ, ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ, ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ, ꯁꯣꯗꯤꯌꯝ, ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯐꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ꯫

⚠️ Important: The medical articles and information on Nirogi Lanka are for general awareness only, and are by no means a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. For any medical problem you have, consult a qualified physician immediately.

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