ꯃꯁꯤ ꯁꯨꯞꯅꯇꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯈꯛꯇꯅꯤ? ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯥꯏꯇꯤꯁ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯁꯨ ꯌꯥꯏ! ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯔꯁꯤ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯅꯠꯇꯦ? ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯒꯦꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯥꯏꯇꯤꯁꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯜꯂꯤ , ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯕꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯕꯛ ꯐꯕꯅꯤ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯄꯨꯛꯅꯤꯡ ꯆꯪꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯇꯤꯁ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯨꯝꯂꯕꯁꯨ, ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯀꯨꯞꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯁꯤ, ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯒꯗ꯭ꯔꯥ? ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯉꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯖꯔꯕꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯝ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ? ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯑꯣꯀꯦ, ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯇꯤꯁ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤ꯫

ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ (ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯣꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ) ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯨꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯝꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯟꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯏꯅꯁꯤꯡ , ꯂꯤꯚꯔ , ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯃꯥꯀꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯆꯥꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯛ ꯁꯤꯠ ꯑꯃꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫

ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯂꯩ:

1. ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯑꯦꯇꯦꯜ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯝ (Parietal peritoneum): ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯕꯗꯣꯃꯤꯅꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯚꯤꯇꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯦꯡ-ꯑꯣꯠꯄꯅꯤ꯫

2. ꯚꯤꯁꯦꯔꯦꯜ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯝ (Vsceral peritoneum): ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡ (intestines and stomach) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯝꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯟ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯤ꯫

ꯃꯦꯝꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯟ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯚꯤꯇꯤ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩ . ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗꯀꯤ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯏ ꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯊꯣꯛ-ꯆꯠꯁꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯁꯣꯛꯅ-ꯁꯝꯅꯗꯅꯥ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡꯗꯁꯨ ꯁꯄꯣꯔꯠ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯄꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯕꯨ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯍꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫

ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯇꯤꯁ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛꯇꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜꯂꯣꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯦ꯫ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯇꯤꯁ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯃꯒꯤ ꯏꯅꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯦꯁꯟ (inflammation)ꯅꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯗꯤ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯕꯥ, ꯂꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯀꯏ . ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯛꯇꯥ, "-ꯏꯇꯤꯁ" ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯍꯩꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯏꯅꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯦꯁꯅꯕꯨ ꯈꯪꯅꯩ꯫ ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯑꯦꯄꯦꯟꯗꯤꯁꯥꯏꯇꯤꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯒꯦꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯥꯏꯇꯤꯁ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯏꯅꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯗꯤ ꯕꯦꯛꯇꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯅꯤ꯫ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯐꯉ꯭ꯒꯦꯜ ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯃꯔꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤꯁꯨ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯃꯥꯛ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫

ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯇꯤꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯇꯤꯁꯀꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯦꯇꯦꯒꯣꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯥꯌꯗꯣꯀꯁꯤ꯫

ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ: ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯂꯁꯤꯡꯁꯨ ꯂꯩꯔꯤ꯫

• ꯁꯦꯀꯦꯟꯗꯔꯤ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯇꯤꯁ: ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯂꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯟ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯃꯗꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫
• ꯑꯦꯄꯦꯟꯗꯤꯁꯥꯏꯇꯤꯁ: ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯄꯦꯟꯗꯤꯁꯥꯏꯇꯤꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯥ ꯇꯥꯕꯤꯔꯝꯂꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯦꯄꯦꯟꯗꯤꯛꯁ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯏꯟꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯏꯅꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯗꯨ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯖꯔꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯦꯕꯗꯣꯃꯤꯅꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯚꯤꯇꯤ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯥꯏꯇꯤꯁ ꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫
• ꯒ꯭ꯌꯥꯁꯠꯔꯤꯛ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯕꯣꯋꯦꯜ ꯄꯔꯐꯣꯔꯦꯁꯟ (Gastric or Bowel Perforation): ꯒ꯭ꯌꯥꯁꯠꯔꯤꯛ ꯑꯂꯁꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯣꯃꯈꯠꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ, ꯗꯤꯚꯥꯔꯇꯤꯀꯨꯂꯥꯏꯇꯤꯁꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯏꯟꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯏꯅꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯣꯃꯈꯠꯄꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯤꯗꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯁꯨ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯍꯣꯜ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯃꯥꯛ ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯗ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯏꯅꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯚꯤꯇꯤꯗꯥ ꯂꯤꯛ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯀꯏ, ꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫
• ꯒꯥꯂꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ (galbladder rupture): ꯒꯥꯂꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯅꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯒꯥꯂꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔꯗꯥ ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯒꯥꯂꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔꯗꯒꯤ ꯕꯥꯏꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯚꯤꯇꯤꯗꯥ ꯂꯤꯛ ꯑꯣꯏꯍꯟꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯇꯤꯁ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫
• ꯄꯦꯅꯛꯔꯤꯑꯦꯇꯤꯁ: ꯄꯦꯅꯛꯔꯤꯑꯦꯖ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯒ꯭ꯜꯌꯥꯟꯗ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯏꯅꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯦꯁꯟ (Pancreatitis) ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯦꯅꯖꯥꯏꯃꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯥꯏꯇꯤꯁ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯄꯣꯁ꯭ꯠ-ꯁꯔꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯟ: ꯑꯦꯕꯗꯣꯃꯤꯅꯦꯜ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯃꯗꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯑꯦꯕꯗꯣꯃꯤꯅꯦꯜ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯣꯃꯥ (abdominal trauma): ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯇꯤꯁ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯦꯕꯗꯣꯃꯤꯅꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯥꯔꯒꯣ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯤꯗꯦꯟꯇ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯄꯀꯤ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯅꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯏ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯚꯤꯇꯤꯗꯥ ꯂꯤꯛ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫
• ꯒꯥꯏꯅꯣꯀꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡ: ꯅꯨꯄꯤꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ, ꯐꯦꯂꯣꯄꯤꯌꯥꯟ ꯇꯤꯎꯕꯁꯤꯡ (salpingitis), ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯄꯦꯂꯚꯤꯛ ꯏꯅꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯦꯇꯔꯤ ꯗꯤꯖꯤꯖ (PID) , ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯃꯗꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

• ꯁ꯭ꯄꯣꯟꯗꯦꯟꯁ ꯕꯦꯛꯇꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯇꯤꯁ (SBP): ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯁ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯂꯤꯚꯔꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ (e.g. cirrhosis) ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯏ ꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯇꯤꯁ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ, ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯍꯨꯔꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯗꯅꯥ, ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯕꯦꯛꯇꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥꯅꯥ ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯇ ꯇꯧꯔꯀꯏ, ꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯥꯏꯇꯤꯁ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫

• ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯂꯥꯏꯁꯤꯁ (PD) ꯇꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯗꯤ:ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯂꯥꯏꯁꯤꯁ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯐꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯈꯔꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ, ꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯃꯣꯠꯄꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯚꯤꯇꯤꯗꯥ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯥꯏ꯫ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯤꯗ꯭ꯌꯨꯑꯣꯔ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯖꯔꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯦꯇꯦꯒꯣꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯪꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯥꯏꯇꯤꯁ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫

ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯂꯩꯇꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯃꯁꯤꯡ (ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯔꯥꯏꯜ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯇꯤꯁ)

ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯦꯃꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ (ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯕꯥꯏꯜ, ꯏ, ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ) ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯅꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯦꯁꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯀꯦꯁ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ, ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯕꯦꯛꯇꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯦ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯇꯤꯁꯀꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ? ꯑꯗꯣꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯕꯤꯔꯤꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯇꯤꯁꯀꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯪꯍꯧꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯪꯖꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ, ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯦꯃꯔꯖꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ!

"ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯍꯧꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ, ꯂꯦꯞꯇꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯔꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯇꯥꯟꯅꯧ꯫"

ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯐꯤꯆꯔꯁꯤꯡꯗꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤ:

• ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯕꯗꯣꯃꯤꯅꯦꯜ ꯄꯦꯏꯟ: ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯍꯧꯕꯗꯥ ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯍꯧꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯈꯛꯇꯗꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯇꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯆꯠꯊꯣꯛ-ꯆꯠꯁꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ, ꯀꯣꯛ ꯆꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯍꯣꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯁꯨ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯔꯅꯦꯁ (Tenderness): ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯍꯥꯝꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫
• ꯑꯦꯕꯗꯣꯃꯤꯅꯦꯜ ꯔꯤꯖꯤꯗ (abdominal rigidity /guarding): ꯑꯦꯕꯗꯣꯃꯤꯅꯦꯜ ꯃꯁꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯥꯉ꯭ꯛ ꯑꯃꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯔꯤꯖꯤꯗ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯔꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯏꯅꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯦꯁꯅꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯥ ꯃꯊꯟꯇꯥ ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯀꯆꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯣꯠꯅꯔꯤ꯫
• ꯂꯥꯏꯍꯧ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯆꯤꯀꯄꯥ: ꯂꯥꯏꯍꯧ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫
• ꯅꯣꯡꯃꯩ ꯀꯥꯞꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯆꯔꯥꯡꯅꯕꯥ: ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯥꯛ ꯆꯥꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯠꯄꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯑꯦꯕꯗꯣꯃꯤꯅꯦꯜ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯣꯇꯤꯡ/ ꯗꯤꯁꯇꯦꯟꯁꯟ (abdominal bloating/ distension): ꯈꯣꯝꯂꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯪꯊꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯏ꯫
• ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ, ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ (Tachycardia)꯫
• ꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯍꯣꯅꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ: ꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯍꯣꯅꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ (stomatch pain)꯫
• ꯇꯀꯈꯥꯌꯔꯕꯥ, ꯃꯤꯠ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ꯫
• ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯟ ꯑꯥꯎꯠꯄꯨꯠ ꯍꯟꯊꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯀꯟꯁꯇꯤꯄꯁꯟ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯗꯥꯏꯔꯤꯌꯥ: ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯈꯔꯗꯗꯤ ꯃꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯈꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ, ꯅꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯞ ꯑꯃꯥ, ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯁꯤ ꯅꯤꯃꯥꯂꯤ, ꯈꯉꯍꯧꯗꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ, ꯂꯥꯏꯍꯧ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯣꯡꯃꯩ ꯀꯥꯞꯄꯥ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ‘ꯑꯣꯍ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯄꯀꯤ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯈꯛꯇꯅꯤ’ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯜꯂꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯅꯥꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯦꯞꯂꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯆꯤꯜꯂꯀꯏ, ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯀꯣꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯏ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯕꯁꯨ ꯉꯃꯗꯦ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯞ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯐꯨꯃꯖꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯥꯏꯇꯤꯁꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯊꯦꯡꯊꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯅꯥ ꯍꯣꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯇꯥꯜ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯅꯤ .

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯇꯤꯁꯀꯤ ꯆꯤꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯒꯦ?

ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ (ꯍꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯔꯤ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ)ꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯪꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯀꯈꯤꯕꯅꯣ, ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯍꯧꯔꯀꯈꯤꯕꯅꯣ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯐꯤꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯀꯖꯥꯃꯤꯅꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯑꯦꯕꯗꯣꯃꯦꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯅꯥ ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯔꯅꯦꯁ, ꯑꯦꯕꯗꯣꯃꯤꯅꯦꯜ ꯔꯤꯖꯤꯗ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯕꯣꯋꯦꯜ ꯁꯥꯎꯟꯗꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫

ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯒ꯭ꯅꯣꯁꯤꯁ ꯀꯅꯐꯥꯔꯝ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡ:

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯇꯤꯁꯀꯤ ꯆꯤꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯀꯅꯐꯥꯔꯝ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

• ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ: ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯏꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯏꯠ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯁꯦꯜ (WBC)ꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯛꯀꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯤ.ꯑꯥꯔ.ꯄꯤ.(ꯁꯤ-ꯔꯤꯑꯦꯛꯇꯤꯕ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯇꯤꯟ) ꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯦꯇꯔꯤ ꯃꯥꯔꯀꯔꯁꯤꯡꯁꯨ ꯆꯦꯛ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯐꯉ꯭ꯀꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯗꯤꯍꯥꯌꯗ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯅꯁꯨ ꯆꯦꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ꯫
• ꯑꯦꯕꯗꯣꯃꯤꯅꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯛꯁ-ꯔꯦ: ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯏꯟꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯏꯅꯗꯥ ꯍꯨꯔꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯠꯅꯥ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯚꯤꯇꯤ (ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯃꯣꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯝ)ꯗꯥ ꯆꯪꯂꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯗꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯑꯂꯠꯔꯥꯁꯥꯎꯟꯗ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯦꯟ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯁ꯭ꯀꯦꯟ: ꯁ꯭ꯀꯦꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯤꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯎꯠꯄꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯇꯤꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯔꯝ (ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯑꯦꯄꯦꯟꯗꯤꯁꯥꯏꯇꯤꯁ, ꯒꯥꯂꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯗꯤꯖꯤꯖ), ꯑꯦꯕꯗꯣꯃꯦꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗꯅꯥ ꯊꯜꯂꯕꯥ (ascites), ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯦꯕꯁꯦꯁ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯂꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫
• ꯄꯦꯔꯥꯁꯦꯟꯇꯦꯁꯤꯁ (Paracentesis): ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯇꯤꯛ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯤꯗꯜ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯦꯕꯣꯔꯦꯇꯔꯤꯗꯥ ꯊꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯕꯦꯛꯇꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥ, ꯄꯨꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯃꯈꯂꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯕꯤ.ꯄꯤ.

ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯇꯤꯁ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯗꯕꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯤ: ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯇꯤꯁ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯏꯃꯔꯖꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ! ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯍꯣꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯇꯥꯂꯗꯥ ꯌꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯍꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯗꯥ ꯊꯦꯡꯊꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯃꯥꯡꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯂꯩ:

• ꯑꯦꯟꯇꯤꯕꯥꯏꯑꯣꯇꯤꯀꯁꯤꯡ: ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯕꯦꯛꯇꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯥꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯤ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯗꯤ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯏꯅꯠꯔꯥꯚꯦꯅꯁ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ (IV) ꯄꯤꯖꯩ, ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯆꯪꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯦꯟꯇꯤꯕꯥꯏꯑꯣꯇꯤꯛ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯂꯦꯟꯕ:
• ꯀꯦꯁ ꯀꯌꯥꯗꯥ, ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯀꯦꯟꯗꯔꯤ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯇꯤꯁꯀꯤ ꯀꯦꯁꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ, ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯥꯏꯇꯤꯁ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯄꯦꯟꯗꯤꯛꯁ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯇꯥꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯏ (ꯑꯦꯄꯦꯟꯗꯦꯛꯇꯣꯃꯤ), ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯏꯟꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯏꯅꯗꯥ ꯍꯨꯔꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯊꯤꯡꯖꯤꯜꯂꯤ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯒꯥꯂꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯕꯗꯤ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫
• ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯁꯨ ꯅꯠꯇꯅꯥ, ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡ, ꯑꯃꯣꯠꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯡꯗꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯂꯦꯚꯦꯖ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ꯫ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯁꯨ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤ꯫
• ꯁꯄꯣꯔꯇꯤꯕ ꯀꯦꯌꯔ: ꯱.
• ꯄꯦꯟ ꯔꯤꯂꯤꯚꯔꯁꯤꯡ: ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯏꯅꯠꯔꯥꯚꯦꯅꯁ ꯁꯦꯂꯟ (IV ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ) : ꯈꯣꯝꯂꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯏꯍꯧ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯗꯤꯍꯥꯌꯗ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯟ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯣꯜꯇ ꯃꯥꯡꯈꯤꯕꯗꯒꯤ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯊꯤꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯦꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯄꯤꯔꯤ꯫
• ꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯖꯦꯟ: ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯍꯣꯅꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ꯫
• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯇꯤꯎꯕ (Nasogastric tube - NG tube) ꯑꯃꯥ ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯥꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯃꯥꯀꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡ (air, liquid) ꯊꯤꯡꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯍꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯍꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫
• ꯏꯟꯇꯦꯟꯁꯤꯚ ꯀꯦꯌꯔ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠ (ICU) ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯁꯨ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯄꯦꯁꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ꯫

ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯇꯤꯁ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯊꯤꯅꯤꯉꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ? ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯀꯃꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯍꯣꯌ, ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯥꯏꯇꯤꯁ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ, ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯃꯥꯡꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯗꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯊꯦꯡꯊꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯀꯃꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

• ꯁꯦꯄꯁꯤꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯦꯄꯇꯤꯛ ꯁꯣꯛ (sepsis and septic shock): ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯏꯗꯥ ꯆꯪꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯄꯨꯝꯕꯗꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯔꯀꯄꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯊꯤꯅꯤꯉꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯏꯟꯠꯔꯥ-ꯑꯦꯕꯗꯣꯃꯤꯅꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯕꯁꯁꯦꯁ (Intra-abdominal Abscess): ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯄꯣꯃꯈꯠꯄꯥ (pus) ꯊꯨꯒꯥꯌꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯕꯁꯦꯁ (abscesses) ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯇꯨꯕ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯕꯣꯋꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯗꯖꯦꯁꯟ: ꯏꯅꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ, ꯏꯟꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯏꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯄꯨꯟꯅꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯦꯡꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯗꯖꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯕꯣꯋꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯕꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯥꯀꯁꯟ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ .
• ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯟ ꯐꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ: ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡ, ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ, ꯂꯤꯚꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯪꯁꯀꯤ ꯐꯉ꯭ꯀꯁꯟ ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ (wound infection): ꯁꯔꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯁꯤꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯊꯤꯅꯤꯡꯉꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯝꯅꯤ꯫

ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯇꯤꯁ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯊꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯗ꯭ꯔꯥ?

ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯁꯨ, ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫

• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯥꯏꯇꯤꯁ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ (ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯑꯦꯄꯦꯟꯗꯤꯁꯥꯏꯇꯤꯁ, ꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯃꯥꯛ ꯑꯂꯁꯔ, ꯒꯥꯂꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯟ) ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ . ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯤꯒꯅꯨ꯫
• ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯂꯥꯏꯁꯤꯁ ꯇꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯤꯗ꯭ꯌꯨꯑꯣꯔ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯔꯁꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯏꯖꯤꯅꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯀꯁꯤꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀꯦꯇꯦꯒꯣꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯡꯗꯣꯀꯄꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫
• ꯑꯦꯕꯗꯣꯃꯤꯅꯦꯜ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯃꯁꯤꯡ, ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯒꯤ ꯄꯣꯃꯈꯠꯄꯥ, ꯂꯥꯎꯕꯥ, ꯁꯣꯛ-ꯄꯅꯕꯥ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯍꯧ ꯍꯧꯕꯥ , ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯗꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯈꯪꯍꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫
• ꯂꯤꯚꯔꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥꯅꯥ ꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡ, ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯇꯤꯁꯅꯥ ꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ SBPꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫

ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯗꯥ, ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯗꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ (ꯇꯦꯛ-ꯍꯣꯝ ꯃꯦꯁꯦꯖ)

ꯑꯣꯀꯦ, ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯉꯁꯤ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯇꯤꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯅꯔꯦ꯫ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯋꯥꯈꯂꯗꯥ ꯊꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫

• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ, ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯌꯈꯠꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯝꯂꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯍꯧꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯏꯆꯝ ꯆꯝꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯒꯅꯨ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯇꯤꯁꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯇꯤꯁ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯏꯃꯔꯖꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯤꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯈꯦꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯤ꯫
• ꯉꯟꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯅꯥ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯃꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ꯫
• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯍꯣꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯇꯥꯜ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯇꯥꯟꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯏꯅꯐꯣꯔꯃꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯗꯣꯝꯅꯥ ꯀꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯎꯕꯤꯒꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯊꯥꯖꯩ꯫ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯐꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯌꯨ!

` ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯇꯤꯁ, ꯑꯦꯕꯗꯣꯃꯤꯅꯦꯜ ꯄꯦꯏꯟ, ꯑꯦꯕꯗꯣꯃꯤꯅꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯚꯤꯇꯤ, ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯟ, ꯑꯦꯄꯦꯟꯗꯤꯁꯥꯏꯇꯤꯁ, ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ꯫