Skip to main content

ꯄꯦꯅꯛꯔꯤꯑꯦꯖ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ: ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯇꯧꯔꯤꯕꯅꯣ? ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯂꯁꯤ!

ꯄꯦꯅꯛꯔꯤꯑꯦꯖ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ: ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯇꯧꯔꯤꯕꯅꯣ? ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯂꯁꯤ!

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯈꯪꯍꯧꯗꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯅꯠꯇꯦ? ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈꯣꯉꯎꯞ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯅꯉꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯉꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯅꯁꯤꯜꯂꯀꯄꯒꯨꯝꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯏ, ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯍꯧ ꯍꯧꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯏ꯫ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯒꯤ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯒꯦꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯥꯏꯇꯤꯁ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯐꯨꯗ ꯄꯣꯏꯖꯟ ꯂꯩꯔꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯒꯦꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯥꯏꯇꯤꯁ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯦ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯄꯦꯅꯛꯔꯤꯑꯦꯖꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯁꯨ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯅꯗꯦ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯉꯁꯤꯗꯤ ꯄꯦꯅꯛꯔꯤꯑꯦꯖ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯐꯤꯚꯝ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯏꯆꯝ ꯆꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯁꯤ꯫

ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯄꯦꯅꯛꯔꯤꯑꯦꯖ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯅꯥꯅꯣ?

ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, ꯄꯦꯅꯛꯔꯤꯑꯦꯖ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ ꯒ꯭ꯜꯌꯥꯟꯗ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯁꯨ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯔꯨ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯦ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯂꯩ꯫

1. ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯁꯣꯛꯅ-ꯁꯝꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯕꯥ: ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯀꯥꯔꯕꯣꯟ, ꯐꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯇꯤꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯍꯟꯖꯤꯅꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯅꯖꯥꯏꯝ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯏꯟꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯅꯗꯥ ꯊꯥꯕꯅꯤ꯫

2. ꯍꯣꯔꯃꯣꯟ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ : ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯁꯨꯒꯔꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯁꯨꯂꯤꯅꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯍꯣꯔꯃꯣꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯅꯤ꯫

ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯌꯥꯗꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯑꯗꯣꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯂꯦ, ꯅꯠꯇꯦ? ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯄꯦꯅꯛꯔꯤꯑꯦꯖ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯏꯅꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯦꯁꯅꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯄꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯄꯦꯅꯛꯔꯤꯑꯦꯖ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯏꯆꯝ ꯆꯝꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯥꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯚꯦꯅꯝ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯏꯆꯝ ꯆꯝꯕꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯅꯖꯥꯏꯝ ꯑꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯏ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯦꯅꯛꯔꯤꯑꯦꯖꯅꯥ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯀꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫

ꯄꯦꯅꯛꯔꯤꯑꯦꯖ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯦꯅꯖꯥꯏꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯥꯕꯥ ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯅꯖꯥꯏꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯏꯟꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯏꯅꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯀꯊꯦꯡꯅꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯄꯦꯅꯛꯔꯤꯑꯦꯖꯗꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯏꯅꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯦꯁꯟ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯣꯠꯂꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯤꯛ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯀꯄꯒꯨꯝꯕꯅꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯅꯖꯥꯏꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯂꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯏꯗꯥ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ "ꯂꯤꯛ" ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯗꯣꯀꯏ꯫

ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯒꯦ?

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯑꯦꯛꯌꯨꯠ ꯄꯦꯅꯛꯔꯤꯑꯦꯇꯤꯁ , ꯄꯦꯅꯛꯔꯤꯑꯦꯖꯒꯤ ꯈꯪꯍꯧꯗꯅꯥ ꯏꯅꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯆꯤꯡꯅꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ ꯇꯧꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ꯫

ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯖꯔꯤ꯫
ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯍꯥꯝꯕꯥ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯧꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯀꯣꯀꯊꯣꯡꯕꯗꯥ ꯕꯦꯜꯇ ꯑꯃꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ, ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯥꯡꯂꯣꯃꯗꯥ ꯆꯪꯁꯤꯜꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯏ꯫
ꯅꯣꯡꯃꯩ ꯀꯥꯞꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯍꯥꯝꯕꯥ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯅꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯅꯣꯡꯃꯩ ꯀꯥꯞꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯇꯥꯗꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯍꯥꯝꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯁꯨ ꯈꯣꯝꯂꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯟꯊꯔꯛꯇꯦ꯫
ꯂꯥꯏꯍꯧ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯆꯤꯀꯄꯥ꯫ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯐꯤꯚꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯁꯨ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
ꯆꯥꯅꯤꯡꯕ ꯊꯛꯅꯤꯡꯕ ꯐꯥꯎꯕ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯆꯥꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯊꯀꯄꯥ ꯄꯥꯃꯗꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯏ꯫
ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯄꯦꯂꯄꯤꯇꯦꯁꯟ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ꯫ ꯄꯂꯁ ꯔꯦꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯦꯅꯛꯔꯤꯑꯦꯇꯤꯛ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯀꯅꯐꯥꯔꯝ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ ꯇꯧꯒꯅꯤ꯫

ꯑꯦꯃꯤꯂꯦꯖ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯏꯄꯦꯖ ꯑꯦꯅꯖꯥꯏꯝ ꯑꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯈꯉꯂꯁꯤ꯫

ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯅꯖꯥꯏꯝ ꯑꯅꯤꯗꯤ ꯑꯦꯃꯤꯂꯦꯖ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯏꯄꯦꯖꯅꯤ .

ꯑꯦꯅꯖꯥꯏꯝ꯫ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯐꯉ꯭ꯀꯁꯟ꯫ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ꯫
ꯑꯦꯃꯤꯂꯦꯖ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯀꯥꯔꯕꯣꯟ (starch) ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯆꯦꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯗ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯟꯖꯤꯅꯍꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫ ꯄꯦꯅꯛꯔꯤꯑꯦꯇꯤꯛ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯀꯦꯁꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯏꯗꯥ ꯑꯦꯃꯤꯂꯦꯖꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯅꯖꯥꯏꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯂꯤꯚꯥꯔꯤ ꯒ꯭ꯜꯌꯥꯟꯗꯁꯤꯡꯅꯁꯨ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯀꯄꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯈꯔꯗꯁꯨ ꯑꯦꯃꯤꯂꯦꯖꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
ꯂꯥꯏꯄꯦꯖ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯕꯠꯇꯔꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯐꯦꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯍꯟꯖꯤꯅꯍꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯅꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯄꯦꯖ ꯑꯦꯅꯖꯥꯏꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯄꯦꯅꯛꯔꯤꯑꯦꯖꯅꯥ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯏꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯄꯦꯖ ꯂꯦꯚꯦꯜ ꯋꯥꯡꯈꯠꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯄꯦꯅꯛꯔꯤꯑꯦꯖꯗꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯏ꯫

ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯅꯖꯥꯏꯝ ꯑꯅꯤꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯌꯦꯡꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯗꯥꯏꯒ꯭ꯅꯣꯁꯤꯁ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯃꯤ꯫

ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯦꯝ-ꯁꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯝ-ꯁꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯗꯦ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯏꯆꯝ ꯆꯝꯕꯥ ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫

  • ꯁꯦꯝ-ꯁꯥꯕꯥ: ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯉꯝꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯁꯣꯔꯠ-ꯁ꯭ꯂꯤꯚ ꯁꯔꯠ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯧ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯏ ꯂꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯥꯗꯥ ꯚꯦꯅꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯤꯕꯗꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯦꯝ ꯁꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯗꯦ꯫
  • ꯃꯇꯧ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯏ ꯂꯧꯒꯗꯒꯦ: ꯱.

1. ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯗꯥ, ꯚꯦꯅꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯦꯠꯁꯤꯂꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯥ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯔꯕ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯕꯦꯟꯗ ꯑꯃꯥ (ꯇꯨꯔꯅꯤꯀꯦꯇꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ) ꯊꯝꯃꯨ꯫

2. ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯚꯦꯅꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯂꯀꯣꯍꯣꯜ ꯁ꯭ꯕꯥꯕ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯡꯗꯣꯀꯎ꯫

3. ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯤꯗꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯏꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯚꯦꯅꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯇꯤꯎꯕ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯈꯣꯃꯖꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫

꯴.ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯅꯤꯠ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯅꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯆꯪꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯤꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯂꯒꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯁꯨꯃꯍꯠꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯥꯏ꯫

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯃꯗꯨ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯩꯁꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯁꯦꯀꯦꯟꯗ ꯈꯔꯈꯛꯇꯗꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯡꯇꯛꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯦ꯫

ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯂꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯥꯗꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫

ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯔꯤꯄꯣꯔꯇꯇꯥ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯚꯦꯜꯌꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯒꯅꯤ?

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯁꯦꯝꯄꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯦꯅꯥꯂꯥꯏꯁꯤꯁꯀꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯦꯕꯇꯥ ꯊꯥꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯔꯤꯄꯣꯔꯠ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯐꯪꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯅꯖꯥꯏꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯚꯦꯜꯌꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯜ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯏꯗꯥ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯒꯗꯕꯥ ꯂꯦꯚꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ꯫

ꯑꯦꯅꯖꯥꯏꯝ꯫ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯔꯦꯟꯖ꯫
ꯑꯦꯃꯤꯂꯦꯖ꯫ ꯂꯤꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠ ꯲꯳ꯗꯒꯤ ꯸꯵ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ (꯲꯳ - ꯸꯵ ꯌꯨ/ꯑꯦꯜ) ꯄꯤ꯫ ꯂꯦꯕ ꯈꯔꯗꯗꯤ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯨ/ꯑꯦꯜ ꯱꯴꯰ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
ꯂꯥꯏꯄꯦꯖ꯫ ꯂꯤꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠ ꯰ꯗꯒꯤ ꯱꯶꯰ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ (꯰ - ꯱꯶꯰ U/L) ꯄꯤ꯫

ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ: ꯚꯦꯜꯌꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯦꯕ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯦꯕ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯔꯤꯄꯣꯔꯇꯇꯥ ꯄꯅꯈ꯭ꯔꯤꯕꯥ ‘ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯔꯦꯟꯖ’ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯚꯦꯜꯌꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯥꯡꯗꯝꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯔꯤꯄꯣꯔꯠ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯁꯥꯃꯛꯅꯥ ꯏꯟꯇꯔꯞꯔꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯣꯠꯅꯒꯅꯨ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯈꯛꯇꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯦꯅꯥꯂꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯀꯣꯔꯤꯂꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯦꯞ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ꯫

ꯑꯦꯕꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯔꯤꯖꯜꯇꯁꯤꯡ... ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯅꯖꯥꯏꯃꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯋꯥꯡꯈꯠꯂꯕꯗꯤ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯒꯅꯤ?

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯑꯦꯃꯤꯂꯦꯖ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯏꯄꯦꯖꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯂꯤꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯍꯨꯝ ꯍꯦꯜꯂꯕꯗꯤ , ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯦꯅꯛꯔꯤꯑꯦꯇꯤꯁ ꯂꯩꯔꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯃꯥꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫

ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯖꯜꯇꯇꯥ ꯌꯨꯝꯐꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯒꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯦꯞ ꯂꯧꯕꯈꯛꯇꯗꯥ ꯅꯠꯇꯦ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯅꯥ ꯊꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯦꯞ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯧꯏ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯒ꯭ꯅꯣꯁꯤꯁ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯅꯐꯥꯔꯝ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯦꯅꯛꯔꯤꯑꯦꯖꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

  • ꯑꯂꯠꯔꯥꯁꯥꯎꯟꯗ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯦꯟ: ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯐꯣꯇꯣ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯒꯥꯂꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯅꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫
  • ꯁꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯁ꯭ꯀꯦꯟ: ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯄꯦꯅꯛꯔꯤꯑꯦꯖ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯕꯥ, ꯑꯀꯨꯞꯄꯥ ꯃꯔꯣꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
  • ꯑꯦꯝ.ꯑꯥꯔ.ꯑꯥꯏ.ꯁ꯭ꯀꯦꯟ: ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯁ꯭ꯀꯦꯅꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯏꯃꯦꯖꯁꯤꯡ ꯐꯪꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫
  • ꯑꯦꯅꯗꯣꯁ꯭ꯀꯣꯄꯤ (Endoscopy): ꯀꯦꯃꯦꯔꯥ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯇꯤꯎꯕ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯥꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯃꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯏꯟꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫

ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯅꯥꯅꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯂꯦꯄꯀꯅꯤ꯫

ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯌꯗꯅꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯥ ꯇꯥꯟꯅꯒꯗꯒꯦ?

ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯄꯅꯈ꯭ꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ, ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯖꯦꯜ ꯌꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ , ꯃꯁꯤ ꯒꯦꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯥꯏꯇꯤꯁꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯟꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯌꯨꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯒꯅꯨ꯫ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯅꯀꯄꯥ ꯍꯣꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯇꯥꯂꯒꯤ ꯏꯃꯔꯖꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯗꯤꯄꯥꯔꯇꯃꯦꯟꯇ (ETU)ꯗꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯨ꯫

ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯇꯥꯒꯅꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯒꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯐꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯇꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯧꯕꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯀꯃꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯤꯡꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫

ꯇꯦꯛ-ꯍꯣꯝ ꯃꯦꯁꯦꯖ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫

  • ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯝꯂꯥꯡ ꯁꯣꯛ-ꯄꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯆꯔꯥꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯒꯦꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯥꯏꯇꯤꯁ (gastritis) ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯦ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯄꯦꯅꯛꯔꯤꯑꯦꯖꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯃꯁꯨ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
  • ꯄꯦꯅꯛꯔꯤꯑꯦꯖꯒꯤ ꯐꯤꯚꯝ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯦꯃꯤꯂꯦꯖ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯏꯄꯦꯖ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯏꯆꯝ ꯆꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫
  • ꯂꯥꯏꯄꯦꯖ ꯑꯦꯅꯖꯥꯏꯃꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯦꯅꯛꯔꯤꯑꯦꯇꯤꯛ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯀꯦꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫
  • ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯔꯤꯄꯣꯔꯠ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯚꯦꯜꯌꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯁꯥ ꯃꯊꯟꯇꯥ ꯏꯟꯇꯔꯞꯔꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯣꯠꯅꯒꯅꯨ, ꯃꯇꯝ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫
  • ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ, ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯝꯂꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯍꯣꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯇꯥꯜ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯏꯃꯔꯖꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯤꯇꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠ (ETU)ꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯎꯇꯥꯛ ꯂꯧꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯄꯦꯅꯛꯔꯤꯑꯦꯖ, ꯄꯦꯅꯛꯔꯤꯑꯦꯖ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ, ꯑꯦꯃꯤꯂꯦꯖ, ꯂꯥꯏꯄꯦꯖ, ꯑꯦꯛꯌꯨꯠ ꯄꯦꯅꯛꯔꯤꯑꯦꯇꯤꯁ, ꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯃꯥꯛ ꯑꯦꯛ, ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ, ꯄꯦꯅꯛꯔꯤꯑꯦꯇꯤꯁ, ꯄꯦꯅꯛꯔꯤꯑꯦꯇꯤꯁꯀꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯤꯅꯍꯥꯂꯥ, ꯑꯦꯃꯤꯂꯦꯖ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯁꯤꯅꯍꯥꯂꯥ, ꯂꯥꯏꯄꯦꯖ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯁꯤꯅꯍꯥꯂꯥ꯫
⚠️ Important: The medical articles and information on Nirogi Lanka are for general awareness only, and are by no means a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. For any medical problem you have, consult a qualified physician immediately.

💬 Comments (0)

No comments yet. Be the first to share your thoughts here.

Add Your Comment

Please calculate: 6 + 5 =
ꯄꯦꯅꯛꯔꯤꯑꯦꯖ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ: ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯇꯧꯔꯤꯕꯅꯣ? ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯂꯁꯤ!

ꯄꯦꯅꯛꯔꯤꯑꯦꯖ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ: ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯇꯧꯔꯤꯕꯅꯣ? ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯂꯁꯤ!

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯈꯪꯍꯧꯗꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯅꯠꯇꯦ? ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈꯣꯉꯎꯞ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯅꯉꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯉꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯅꯁꯤꯜꯂꯀꯄꯒꯨꯝꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯏ, ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯍꯧ ꯍꯧꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯏ꯫ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯒꯤ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯒꯦꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯥꯏꯇꯤꯁ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯐꯨꯗ ꯄꯣꯏꯖꯟ ꯂꯩꯔꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯒꯦꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯥꯏꯇꯤꯁ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯦ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯄꯦꯅꯛꯔꯤꯑꯦꯖꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯁꯨ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯅꯗꯦ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯉꯁꯤꯗꯤ ꯄꯦꯅꯛꯔꯤꯑꯦꯖ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯐꯤꯚꯝ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯏꯆꯝ ꯆꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯁꯤ꯫

ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯄꯦꯅꯛꯔꯤꯑꯦꯖ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯅꯥꯅꯣ?

ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, ꯄꯦꯅꯛꯔꯤꯑꯦꯖ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ ꯒ꯭ꯜꯌꯥꯟꯗ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯁꯨ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯔꯨ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯦ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯂꯩ꯫

1. ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯁꯣꯛꯅ-ꯁꯝꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯕꯥ: ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯀꯥꯔꯕꯣꯟ, ꯐꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯇꯤꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯍꯟꯖꯤꯅꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯅꯖꯥꯏꯝ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯏꯟꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯅꯗꯥ ꯊꯥꯕꯅꯤ꯫

2. ꯍꯣꯔꯃꯣꯟ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ : ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯁꯨꯒꯔꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯁꯨꯂꯤꯅꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯍꯣꯔꯃꯣꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯅꯤ꯫

ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯌꯥꯗꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯑꯗꯣꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯂꯦ, ꯅꯠꯇꯦ? ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯄꯦꯅꯛꯔꯤꯑꯦꯖ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯏꯅꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯦꯁꯅꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯄꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯄꯦꯅꯛꯔꯤꯑꯦꯖ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯏꯆꯝ ꯆꯝꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯥꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯚꯦꯅꯝ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯏꯆꯝ ꯆꯝꯕꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯅꯖꯥꯏꯝ ꯑꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯏ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯦꯅꯛꯔꯤꯑꯦꯖꯅꯥ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯀꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫

ꯄꯦꯅꯛꯔꯤꯑꯦꯖ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯦꯅꯖꯥꯏꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯥꯕꯥ ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯅꯖꯥꯏꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯏꯟꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯏꯅꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯀꯊꯦꯡꯅꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯄꯦꯅꯛꯔꯤꯑꯦꯖꯗꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯏꯅꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯦꯁꯟ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯣꯠꯂꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯤꯛ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯀꯄꯒꯨꯝꯕꯅꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯅꯖꯥꯏꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯂꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯏꯗꯥ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ "ꯂꯤꯛ" ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯗꯣꯀꯏ꯫

ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯒꯦ?

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯑꯦꯛꯌꯨꯠ ꯄꯦꯅꯛꯔꯤꯑꯦꯇꯤꯁ , ꯄꯦꯅꯛꯔꯤꯑꯦꯖꯒꯤ ꯈꯪꯍꯧꯗꯅꯥ ꯏꯅꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯆꯤꯡꯅꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ ꯇꯧꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ꯫

ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯖꯔꯤ꯫
ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯍꯥꯝꯕꯥ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯧꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯀꯣꯀꯊꯣꯡꯕꯗꯥ ꯕꯦꯜꯇ ꯑꯃꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ, ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯥꯡꯂꯣꯃꯗꯥ ꯆꯪꯁꯤꯜꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯏ꯫
ꯅꯣꯡꯃꯩ ꯀꯥꯞꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯍꯥꯝꯕꯥ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯅꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯅꯣꯡꯃꯩ ꯀꯥꯞꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯇꯥꯗꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯍꯥꯝꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯁꯨ ꯈꯣꯝꯂꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯟꯊꯔꯛꯇꯦ꯫
ꯂꯥꯏꯍꯧ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯆꯤꯀꯄꯥ꯫ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯐꯤꯚꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯁꯨ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
ꯆꯥꯅꯤꯡꯕ ꯊꯛꯅꯤꯡꯕ ꯐꯥꯎꯕ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯆꯥꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯊꯀꯄꯥ ꯄꯥꯃꯗꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯏ꯫
ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯄꯦꯂꯄꯤꯇꯦꯁꯟ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ꯫ ꯄꯂꯁ ꯔꯦꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯦꯅꯛꯔꯤꯑꯦꯇꯤꯛ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯀꯅꯐꯥꯔꯝ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ ꯇꯧꯒꯅꯤ꯫

ꯑꯦꯃꯤꯂꯦꯖ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯏꯄꯦꯖ ꯑꯦꯅꯖꯥꯏꯝ ꯑꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯈꯉꯂꯁꯤ꯫

ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯅꯖꯥꯏꯝ ꯑꯅꯤꯗꯤ ꯑꯦꯃꯤꯂꯦꯖ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯏꯄꯦꯖꯅꯤ .

ꯑꯦꯅꯖꯥꯏꯝ꯫ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯐꯉ꯭ꯀꯁꯟ꯫ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ꯫
ꯑꯦꯃꯤꯂꯦꯖ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯀꯥꯔꯕꯣꯟ (starch) ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯆꯦꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯗ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯟꯖꯤꯅꯍꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫ ꯄꯦꯅꯛꯔꯤꯑꯦꯇꯤꯛ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯀꯦꯁꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯏꯗꯥ ꯑꯦꯃꯤꯂꯦꯖꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯅꯖꯥꯏꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯂꯤꯚꯥꯔꯤ ꯒ꯭ꯜꯌꯥꯟꯗꯁꯤꯡꯅꯁꯨ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯀꯄꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯈꯔꯗꯁꯨ ꯑꯦꯃꯤꯂꯦꯖꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
ꯂꯥꯏꯄꯦꯖ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯕꯠꯇꯔꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯐꯦꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯍꯟꯖꯤꯅꯍꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯅꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯄꯦꯖ ꯑꯦꯅꯖꯥꯏꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯄꯦꯅꯛꯔꯤꯑꯦꯖꯅꯥ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯏꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯄꯦꯖ ꯂꯦꯚꯦꯜ ꯋꯥꯡꯈꯠꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯄꯦꯅꯛꯔꯤꯑꯦꯖꯗꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯏ꯫

ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯅꯖꯥꯏꯝ ꯑꯅꯤꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯌꯦꯡꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯗꯥꯏꯒ꯭ꯅꯣꯁꯤꯁ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯃꯤ꯫

ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯦꯝ-ꯁꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯝ-ꯁꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯗꯦ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯏꯆꯝ ꯆꯝꯕꯥ ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫

  • ꯁꯦꯝ-ꯁꯥꯕꯥ: ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯉꯝꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯁꯣꯔꯠ-ꯁ꯭ꯂꯤꯚ ꯁꯔꯠ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯧ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯏ ꯂꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯥꯗꯥ ꯚꯦꯅꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯤꯕꯗꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯦꯝ ꯁꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯗꯦ꯫
  • ꯃꯇꯧ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯏ ꯂꯧꯒꯗꯒꯦ: ꯱.

1. ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯗꯥ, ꯚꯦꯅꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯦꯠꯁꯤꯂꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯥ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯔꯕ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯕꯦꯟꯗ ꯑꯃꯥ (ꯇꯨꯔꯅꯤꯀꯦꯇꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ) ꯊꯝꯃꯨ꯫

2. ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯚꯦꯅꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯂꯀꯣꯍꯣꯜ ꯁ꯭ꯕꯥꯕ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯡꯗꯣꯀꯎ꯫

3. ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯤꯗꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯏꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯚꯦꯅꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯇꯤꯎꯕ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯈꯣꯃꯖꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫

꯴.ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯅꯤꯠ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯅꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯆꯪꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯤꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯂꯒꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯁꯨꯃꯍꯠꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯥꯏ꯫

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯃꯗꯨ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯩꯁꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯁꯦꯀꯦꯟꯗ ꯈꯔꯈꯛꯇꯗꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯡꯇꯛꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯦ꯫

ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯂꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯥꯗꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫

ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯔꯤꯄꯣꯔꯇꯇꯥ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯚꯦꯜꯌꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯒꯅꯤ?

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯁꯦꯝꯄꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯦꯅꯥꯂꯥꯏꯁꯤꯁꯀꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯦꯕꯇꯥ ꯊꯥꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯔꯤꯄꯣꯔꯠ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯐꯪꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯅꯖꯥꯏꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯚꯦꯜꯌꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯜ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯏꯗꯥ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯒꯗꯕꯥ ꯂꯦꯚꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ꯫

ꯑꯦꯅꯖꯥꯏꯝ꯫ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯔꯦꯟꯖ꯫
ꯑꯦꯃꯤꯂꯦꯖ꯫ ꯂꯤꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠ ꯲꯳ꯗꯒꯤ ꯸꯵ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ (꯲꯳ - ꯸꯵ ꯌꯨ/ꯑꯦꯜ) ꯄꯤ꯫ ꯂꯦꯕ ꯈꯔꯗꯗꯤ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯨ/ꯑꯦꯜ ꯱꯴꯰ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
ꯂꯥꯏꯄꯦꯖ꯫ ꯂꯤꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠ ꯰ꯗꯒꯤ ꯱꯶꯰ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ (꯰ - ꯱꯶꯰ U/L) ꯄꯤ꯫

ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ: ꯚꯦꯜꯌꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯦꯕ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯦꯕ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯔꯤꯄꯣꯔꯇꯇꯥ ꯄꯅꯈ꯭ꯔꯤꯕꯥ ‘ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯔꯦꯟꯖ’ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯚꯦꯜꯌꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯥꯡꯗꯝꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯔꯤꯄꯣꯔꯠ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯁꯥꯃꯛꯅꯥ ꯏꯟꯇꯔꯞꯔꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯣꯠꯅꯒꯅꯨ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯈꯛꯇꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯦꯅꯥꯂꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯀꯣꯔꯤꯂꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯦꯞ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ꯫

ꯑꯦꯕꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯔꯤꯖꯜꯇꯁꯤꯡ... ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯅꯖꯥꯏꯃꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯋꯥꯡꯈꯠꯂꯕꯗꯤ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯒꯅꯤ?

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯑꯦꯃꯤꯂꯦꯖ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯏꯄꯦꯖꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯂꯤꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯍꯨꯝ ꯍꯦꯜꯂꯕꯗꯤ , ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯦꯅꯛꯔꯤꯑꯦꯇꯤꯁ ꯂꯩꯔꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯃꯥꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫

ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯖꯜꯇꯇꯥ ꯌꯨꯝꯐꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯒꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯦꯞ ꯂꯧꯕꯈꯛꯇꯗꯥ ꯅꯠꯇꯦ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯅꯥ ꯊꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯦꯞ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯧꯏ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯒ꯭ꯅꯣꯁꯤꯁ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯅꯐꯥꯔꯝ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯦꯅꯛꯔꯤꯑꯦꯖꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

  • ꯑꯂꯠꯔꯥꯁꯥꯎꯟꯗ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯦꯟ: ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯐꯣꯇꯣ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯒꯥꯂꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯅꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫
  • ꯁꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯁ꯭ꯀꯦꯟ: ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯄꯦꯅꯛꯔꯤꯑꯦꯖ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯕꯥ, ꯑꯀꯨꯞꯄꯥ ꯃꯔꯣꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
  • ꯑꯦꯝ.ꯑꯥꯔ.ꯑꯥꯏ.ꯁ꯭ꯀꯦꯟ: ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯁ꯭ꯀꯦꯅꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯏꯃꯦꯖꯁꯤꯡ ꯐꯪꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫
  • ꯑꯦꯅꯗꯣꯁ꯭ꯀꯣꯄꯤ (Endoscopy): ꯀꯦꯃꯦꯔꯥ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯇꯤꯎꯕ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯥꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯃꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯏꯟꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫

ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯅꯥꯅꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯂꯦꯄꯀꯅꯤ꯫

ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯌꯗꯅꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯥ ꯇꯥꯟꯅꯒꯗꯒꯦ?

ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯄꯅꯈ꯭ꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ, ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯖꯦꯜ ꯌꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ , ꯃꯁꯤ ꯒꯦꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯥꯏꯇꯤꯁꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯟꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯌꯨꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯒꯅꯨ꯫ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯅꯀꯄꯥ ꯍꯣꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯇꯥꯂꯒꯤ ꯏꯃꯔꯖꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯗꯤꯄꯥꯔꯇꯃꯦꯟꯇ (ETU)ꯗꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯨ꯫

ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯇꯥꯒꯅꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯒꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯐꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯇꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯧꯕꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯀꯃꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯤꯡꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫

ꯇꯦꯛ-ꯍꯣꯝ ꯃꯦꯁꯦꯖ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫

  • ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯝꯂꯥꯡ ꯁꯣꯛ-ꯄꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯆꯔꯥꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯒꯦꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯥꯏꯇꯤꯁ (gastritis) ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯦ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯄꯦꯅꯛꯔꯤꯑꯦꯖꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯃꯁꯨ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
  • ꯄꯦꯅꯛꯔꯤꯑꯦꯖꯒꯤ ꯐꯤꯚꯝ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯦꯃꯤꯂꯦꯖ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯏꯄꯦꯖ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯏꯆꯝ ꯆꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫
  • ꯂꯥꯏꯄꯦꯖ ꯑꯦꯅꯖꯥꯏꯃꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯦꯅꯛꯔꯤꯑꯦꯇꯤꯛ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯀꯦꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫
  • ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯔꯤꯄꯣꯔꯠ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯚꯦꯜꯌꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯁꯥ ꯃꯊꯟꯇꯥ ꯏꯟꯇꯔꯞꯔꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯣꯠꯅꯒꯅꯨ, ꯃꯇꯝ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫
  • ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ, ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯝꯂꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯍꯣꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯇꯥꯜ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯏꯃꯔꯖꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯤꯇꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠ (ETU)ꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯎꯇꯥꯛ ꯂꯧꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯄꯦꯅꯛꯔꯤꯑꯦꯖ, ꯄꯦꯅꯛꯔꯤꯑꯦꯖ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ, ꯑꯦꯃꯤꯂꯦꯖ, ꯂꯥꯏꯄꯦꯖ, ꯑꯦꯛꯌꯨꯠ ꯄꯦꯅꯛꯔꯤꯑꯦꯇꯤꯁ, ꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯃꯥꯛ ꯑꯦꯛ, ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ, ꯄꯦꯅꯛꯔꯤꯑꯦꯇꯤꯁ, ꯄꯦꯅꯛꯔꯤꯑꯦꯇꯤꯁꯀꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯤꯅꯍꯥꯂꯥ, ꯑꯦꯃꯤꯂꯦꯖ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯁꯤꯅꯍꯥꯂꯥ, ꯂꯥꯏꯄꯦꯖ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯁꯤꯅꯍꯥꯂꯥ꯫
⚠️ Important: The medical articles and information on Nirogi Lanka are for general awareness only, and are by no means a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. For any medical problem you have, consult a qualified physician immediately.

💬 Comments (0)

No comments yet. Be the first to share your thoughts here.

Add Your Comment

Please calculate: 6 + 5 =