ꯄꯂꯃꯣꯅꯥꯔꯤ ꯚꯦꯅꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ? ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯅꯁꯤ꯫

ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯏ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯊꯝꯃꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯏꯟꯖꯤꯅꯅꯤ꯫ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯄꯨꯝꯕꯗꯥ ꯏ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯑꯉꯀꯄꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯊꯕꯛꯇꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯚꯦꯁꯦꯜ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯕꯤꯔꯃꯒꯅꯤ, ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯪꯁꯇꯥ ꯁꯨꯡꯗꯣꯛꯠꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯖꯦꯟ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯏ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯇꯥ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯄꯨꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ? ꯚꯦꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯄꯂꯃꯣꯅꯥꯔꯤ ꯚꯦꯅꯁꯤꯡ, ꯅꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯄꯂꯃꯣꯅꯥꯔꯤ ꯚꯦꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ . ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯕꯨ ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯥ ꯈꯉꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫

ꯄꯂꯃꯣꯅꯥꯔꯤ ꯚꯦꯅꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯂꯃꯣꯅꯥꯔꯤ ꯑꯥꯔꯇꯦꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯑꯗꯣꯃꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯍꯪ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯃꯒꯅꯤ: "ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯚꯦꯅꯝ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯪꯕꯥ ꯏ ꯄꯨꯕꯥ ꯚꯦꯅꯃꯁꯤꯡ, ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯖꯦꯟ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯗꯕꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯈꯅꯖꯩ꯫ ꯑꯥꯔꯇꯦꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯦꯡꯕꯥ, ꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯖꯦꯟ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯏ ꯄꯨꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯁꯨꯛ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯒꯦ?"

ꯍꯣꯌ, ꯅꯉꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤ ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯃꯗꯨꯃꯛ ꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯚꯦꯅꯃꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯇꯥ ꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯖꯦꯟ ꯌꯥꯎꯗꯕꯥ ꯏ ꯄꯨꯔꯀꯏ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯥꯔꯇꯦꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯖꯦꯟ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯏ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯇꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯞꯅꯥ ꯄꯨꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯂꯪꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯏ ꯄꯤꯊꯣꯛ-ꯄꯤꯁꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯅꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯄꯂꯃꯣꯅꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯔꯛꯌꯨꯂꯦꯁꯟꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯟꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯉꯀꯄꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤ!

ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯂꯩꯔꯤ:

1. ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯏꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯜ: 1.

• ꯄꯂꯃꯣꯅꯥꯔꯤ ꯑꯥꯔꯇꯦꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡ (pulmonary arteries) : ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯇꯒꯤ ꯂꯪꯁꯇꯥ ꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯖꯦꯟ ꯌꯥꯎꯗꯕꯥ (poor) ꯏ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫
• ꯄꯂꯃꯣꯅꯥꯔꯤ ꯚꯦꯅꯃꯁꯤꯡ (pulmonary Veins) : ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯂꯪꯁꯇꯒꯤ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯇꯥ ꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯖꯦꯟ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ (ꯁꯦꯡꯕꯥ) ꯏ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫

2. ꯏ ꯆꯦꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯥꯌꯀꯩ: 1.1.

• ꯄꯂꯃꯣꯅꯥꯔꯤ ꯑꯥꯔꯇꯦꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡ (pulmonary arteries): ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯇꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯞꯅꯥ (ꯂꯪꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯥꯌꯀꯩꯗꯥ) ꯏ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫
• ꯄꯂꯃꯣꯅꯥꯔꯤ ꯚꯦꯅꯃꯁꯤꯡ (pulmonary Veins): ꯂꯪꯁꯇꯒꯤ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯇꯥ ꯏ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯇꯥꯅꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯛꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯕꯜ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤ꯫

ꯄꯂꯃꯣꯅꯥꯔꯤ ꯚꯦꯅꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯨꯔꯤꯌꯥꯔ ꯁꯔꯚꯤꯁ ꯑꯃꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫ ꯂꯪꯁ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ‘ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯄ꯭ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯐꯤꯀꯦꯁꯟ ꯁꯦꯟꯇꯔ’ꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯍꯣꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯍꯣꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯖꯦꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯗꯥ ꯍꯥꯄꯆꯤꯜꯂꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯀꯥꯔꯕꯣꯟ ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯣꯛꯁꯥꯏꯗ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯪꯁꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯄꯂꯃꯣꯅꯥꯔꯤ ꯚꯦꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯨꯡꯗꯣꯛꯠꯔꯤꯕꯥ, ꯅꯧꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯖꯦꯟ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯏꯒꯤ ‘ꯃꯃꯜ ꯌꯥꯝꯂꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯔꯁꯦꯜ’ ꯑꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ‘ꯃꯦꯟ ꯗꯤꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯤꯕ꯭ꯌꯨꯁꯟ ꯁꯦꯟꯇꯔ’ꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯄꯨꯔꯀꯄꯅꯤ꯫

ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯂꯪꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯊꯝꯃꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ . ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯦꯡ-ꯑꯣꯠꯄꯒꯤ ꯂꯪꯁ ꯑꯅꯤꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯚꯦꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯂꯪꯁ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯇꯒꯤ ꯄꯂꯃꯣꯅꯥꯔꯤ ꯚꯦꯅꯝ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯔꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯚꯦꯅꯝ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯛꯇꯨꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯂꯦꯃꯍꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯠꯔꯤꯌꯥꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯥ ꯁꯝꯅꯩ꯫ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯊꯝꯃꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯂꯦꯃꯍꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯆꯦꯝꯕꯔ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯤ꯫

ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯄꯂꯃꯣꯅꯥꯔꯤ ꯚꯦꯅꯝ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯅꯥ (ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ 60%-70%) ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯄꯂꯃꯣꯅꯥꯔꯤ ꯚꯦꯅꯝ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩ꯫

• ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯂꯪꯁꯇꯒꯤ ꯑꯅꯤ꯫
• ꯂꯦꯃꯍꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯪꯁꯇꯒꯤ ꯑꯅꯤ꯫

ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯑꯍꯨꯝ ꯅꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯉꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯅꯠꯇꯦ, ꯑꯀꯤꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯁꯨ ꯅꯠꯇꯦ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯈꯛꯇꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯁꯤꯅꯗꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ ``ꯑꯦꯅꯥꯇꯣꯃꯤꯛ ꯚꯦꯔꯤꯑꯦꯁꯟ'' ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯊꯧꯔꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯟꯗꯦ꯫

ꯄꯂꯃꯣꯅꯥꯔꯤ ꯚꯦꯅꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯀꯆꯔ꯫

ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯄꯂꯃꯣꯅꯥꯔꯤ ꯚꯦꯅꯝ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯤ:

• ꯔꯥꯏꯠ ꯁꯨꯄꯔꯤꯌꯔ ꯄꯂꯃꯣꯅꯥꯔꯤ ꯚꯦꯅꯝ: ꯔꯥꯏꯠ ꯂꯪꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯊꯛ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯌꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯀꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯏ ꯄꯨꯔꯀꯏ꯫
• ꯔꯥꯏꯠ ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯔꯤꯌꯔ ꯄꯂꯃꯣꯅꯥꯔꯤ ꯚꯦꯅꯝ (right inferior pulmonary vein): ꯔꯥꯏꯠ ꯂꯪꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯒꯤ ꯏ ꯄꯨꯔꯀꯏ꯫
• ꯂꯦꯐꯠ ꯁꯨꯄꯔꯤꯌꯔ ꯄꯂꯃꯣꯅꯥꯔꯤ ꯚꯦꯅꯝ: ꯂꯦꯡ-ꯑꯣꯠꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯒꯤ ꯏ ꯄꯨꯔꯀꯏ꯫
• ꯂꯦꯡ-ꯑꯣꯠꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯒꯤ ꯏ ꯄꯨꯔꯀꯏ꯫

ꯚꯦꯅꯝ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯂꯦꯃꯍꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯠꯔꯤꯌꯥꯃꯗꯥ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯡꯗꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯖꯦꯟ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯏ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯍꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯦꯡ-ꯑꯣꯠꯄꯗꯥ ꯆꯪꯏ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯏ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯦꯞꯇꯅꯥ ꯚꯦꯟꯇꯤꯂꯦꯇꯔꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯤ, ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯨꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯑꯦꯑꯣꯔꯇꯥꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯄꯝꯄ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫

ꯄꯂꯃꯣꯅꯥꯔꯤ ꯚꯦꯅꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ꯫

ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯈꯔꯗꯗꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯄꯂꯃꯣꯅꯥꯔꯤ ꯚꯦꯅꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯀꯆꯔꯗꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯂꯩꯇꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯐꯅꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯐꯉ꯭ꯀꯁꯅꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯂꯩꯇꯕꯥ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯟꯗꯦ, ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯖꯦꯟ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯏ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯦꯡ-ꯑꯣꯠꯄꯗꯥ ꯍꯀꯊꯦꯡꯅꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯤ꯫

• ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯂꯦꯐꯠ-ꯁꯥꯏꯗ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯉ꯭ꯛ (common left-sided trunk): ꯃꯁꯤ ꯂꯦꯡ-ꯑꯣꯠꯄꯒꯤ ꯂꯪꯁꯇꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯚꯦꯅꯝ ꯑꯅꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯂꯦꯡ-ꯑꯣꯠꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯦꯡ-ꯑꯣꯠꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ-ꯃꯇꯧ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯁꯝꯅꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯂꯝꯕꯤ ꯑꯅꯤꯅꯥ ꯄꯨꯟꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯃꯤꯟꯅꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯒꯨꯝꯕꯅꯤ꯫
• ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯦꯁꯔꯤ ꯔꯥꯏꯠ ꯄꯂꯃꯣꯅꯥꯔꯤ ꯚꯦꯅꯝ: ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯀꯦꯁ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ, ꯔꯥꯏꯠ ꯁꯥꯏꯗꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯚꯦꯅꯝ ꯑꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯚꯦꯅꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯑꯄꯨꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯚꯦꯅꯝ ꯑꯍꯨꯝ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯐꯉ꯭ꯀꯁꯅꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯀꯣꯟꯖꯤꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯅꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯖꯦꯟ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯦꯡ-ꯑꯣꯠꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ (left atrium)ꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯝꯕꯤꯗꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯣꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯍꯣꯡꯂꯀꯄꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯅꯤ꯫

• ꯇꯣꯇꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯅꯣꯃꯦꯂꯁ ꯄꯂꯃꯣꯅꯥꯔꯤ ꯚꯦꯅꯁ ꯔꯤꯇꯔꯟ (TAPVR): ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ , ꯄꯂꯃꯣꯅꯥꯔꯤ ꯚꯦꯅꯝ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯂꯦꯃꯍꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯠꯔꯤꯌꯥꯃꯒꯥ ꯁꯝꯅꯗꯦ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯍꯨꯠꯇꯥ, ꯚꯦꯅꯝ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯠꯔꯤꯃꯒꯥ ꯁꯝꯅꯩ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯖꯦꯟ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯏ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯥ ꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯖꯦꯟ ꯌꯥꯎꯗꯕꯥ ꯏꯒꯥ ꯌꯥꯟꯁꯤꯟꯅꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯍꯤꯡꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫

• ꯄꯥꯔꯁꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯅꯣꯃꯦꯂꯁ ꯄꯂꯃꯣꯅꯥꯔꯤ ꯚꯦꯅꯁ ꯔꯤꯇꯔꯟ (PAPVR): ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ, ꯌꯥꯃꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯥ ꯄꯂꯃꯣꯅꯥꯔꯤ ꯚꯦꯅꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯦꯡ-ꯑꯣꯠꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯝꯅꯍꯜꯂꯤ, ꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯁꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯏ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯆꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯇꯤ.ꯑꯦ.ꯄꯤ.ꯚꯤ.ꯑꯥꯔ.ꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯁꯨ, ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯀꯁꯨ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯔꯣꯜꯂꯤꯉꯩ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯗꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯄꯂꯃꯣꯅꯥꯔꯤ ꯚꯦꯅꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯄꯣꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯉꯥꯏꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ, ꯄꯂꯃꯣꯅꯥꯔꯤ ꯚꯦꯅꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯀꯌꯥꯁꯨ ꯂꯩ꯫

• ꯄꯂꯃꯣꯅꯥꯔꯤ ꯚꯦꯅꯝ ꯑꯣꯕꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯥꯀꯁꯟ: 1.1.ꯂꯪꯁ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔꯒꯤ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯚꯦꯅꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯣꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯄꯂꯃꯣꯅꯥꯔꯤ ꯚꯦꯅꯝ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯅꯣꯁꯤꯁ (pulmonary vein stenosis): ꯚꯦꯅꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯕꯥ꯫ ꯑꯍꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯁꯤꯡꯗꯗꯤ, ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯀꯦꯇꯦꯇꯔ ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯑꯣꯐ꯭ꯔꯤꯛꯕꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯑꯦꯕꯂꯦꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯁꯥꯏꯗ ꯏꯐꯦꯛꯇ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫
• ꯄꯂꯃꯣꯅꯥꯔꯤ ꯚꯦꯅꯝ ꯊ꯭ꯔꯣꯝꯕꯣꯁꯤꯁ (pulmonary vein thrombosis): ꯚꯦꯅꯝ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯏ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯂꯪꯁ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯂꯪꯁ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯞꯂꯥꯟꯇ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫
• ꯄꯂꯃꯣꯅꯥꯔꯤ ꯚꯦꯅꯝ ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯔꯇꯦꯟꯁꯟ (Pulmonary venous hypertension): ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯂꯦꯃꯍꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯐꯉ꯭ꯀꯁꯟ ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯚꯦꯅꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ꯫

ꯑꯦꯠꯔꯤꯌꯥꯜ ꯐꯤꯕꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯂꯃꯣꯅꯥꯔꯤ ꯚꯦꯅꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯤ꯫

ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯂꯦꯃꯍꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯠꯔꯤꯌꯥꯃꯒꯥ ꯁꯝꯅꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ, ꯄꯂꯃꯣꯅꯥꯔꯤ ꯚꯦꯅꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯂꯦꯡ-ꯑꯣꯠꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ -ꯃꯇꯧ , ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ A-Fib (A-Fib) ꯍꯧꯔꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯑꯦ-ꯐꯤꯕ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯕꯗꯥ ꯄꯂꯃꯣꯅꯥꯔꯤ ꯚꯦꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫

ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯐꯤꯚꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯒꯅꯤ?

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯄꯂꯃꯣꯅꯥꯔꯤ ꯚꯦꯅꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯆꯤꯡꯅꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯔꯤꯀꯃꯦꯟꯗ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯤ:

• ꯆꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯦꯛꯁ-ꯔꯦ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯏꯀꯣꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯑꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯐꯤ (ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯦꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ)
• ꯑꯦꯝ.ꯑꯥꯔ.ꯑꯥꯏ.ꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯦꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯁꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯁ꯭ꯀꯦꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯄꯂꯃꯣꯅꯥꯔꯤ ꯚꯦꯅꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯐꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯄꯂꯃꯣꯅꯥꯔꯤ ꯚꯦꯅꯝ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯅꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯛꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯉꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯂꯪꯁꯀꯤ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯟꯗꯔꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯅꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯁꯨꯄꯔꯚꯤꯖꯅꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯃꯨꯛꯇꯪ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯌꯨꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯦꯅꯦꯖ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯩꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯍꯪꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫

ꯄꯂꯃꯣꯅꯥꯔꯤ ꯚꯦꯅꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯉꯥꯛꯇꯨꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯕꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯉꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯑꯄꯨꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯜ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤ꯫