ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ? (ꯐꯦꯂꯣꯠꯀꯤ ꯇꯦꯠꯔꯥꯂꯣꯖꯤ) - ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯁꯤ!

ꯇꯦꯠꯔꯥꯂꯣꯖꯤ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯐꯦꯂꯣꯠ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ToF ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯈꯪꯖꯤꯅꯒꯗꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯊꯝꯃꯣꯌꯗꯥ ꯄꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯦꯕꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯅꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯖꯦꯟ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯏ ꯃꯔꯥꯡ ꯀꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯄꯝꯄ ꯇꯧꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯄꯤ꯫ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯖꯦꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯑꯗꯣꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯕꯤꯔꯤ꯫ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯂꯅꯤ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯖꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯀꯨꯞꯄꯥ ꯃꯔꯣꯂꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯁꯤ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ `(ꯇꯦꯠꯔꯥꯂꯣꯖꯤ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯐꯦꯂꯣꯠ)` ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕꯅꯣ? ꯊꯝꯃꯣꯌꯗꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯤꯕꯅꯣ?

ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯊꯝꯃꯣꯌ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯏ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯝꯕꯤ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯤ꯫ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯗꯤꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯖꯦꯟ ꯌꯥꯎꯗꯕꯥ ꯏ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯪꯁꯇꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯤ, ꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯖꯦꯟ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯌꯦꯟꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯇꯥ ꯍꯟꯖꯤꯜꯂꯀꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ``ꯇꯦꯠꯔꯥꯂꯣꯖꯤ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯐꯦꯂꯣꯠ`` ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯊꯝꯃꯣꯌꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯀꯆꯔꯦꯜ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯝ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯗꯤꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯖꯦꯟ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯗꯕꯥ ꯏ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯂꯪꯁꯇꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯍꯨꯠꯇꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯀꯊꯦꯡꯅꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯔꯨ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯁꯃꯁ꯭ꯌꯥꯅꯤ꯫

ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯝ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤ:

1. ꯚꯦꯟꯇꯤꯀꯨꯂꯥꯔ ꯁꯦꯞꯇꯥꯜ ꯗꯤꯐꯦꯛꯇ (VSD) : ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯊꯝꯃꯣꯌꯗꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯆꯦꯝꯕꯔ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯂꯩ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ, ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯗꯥ꯫ ꯑꯅꯤꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯜ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ VSD ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯔꯥꯏꯠ ꯚꯦꯟꯇꯤꯂꯦꯇꯔꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯗꯤꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯖꯦꯟ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯏ (ꯕ꯭ꯂꯨ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ) ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯦꯡ-ꯑꯣꯠꯄꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯖꯦꯟ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯏ (red ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ) ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯟꯁꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯇꯦ, ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯦꯡꯂꯕꯥ, ꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯖꯦꯟ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯏ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫

2. ꯄꯂꯃꯣꯅꯥꯔꯤ ꯑꯥꯔꯇꯦꯔꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯅꯣꯁꯤꯁ (Pulmonary Artery Stenosis ) : ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯚꯦꯟꯇꯤꯂꯦꯇꯔꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯪꯁ (pulmonary artery) ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯖꯦꯟ ꯌꯥꯎꯗꯕꯥ ꯏ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯛ ꯄꯨꯁꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯚꯦꯁꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯚꯜꯌꯨ (valve) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯏꯞ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯒꯨꯝꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯖꯦꯜ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯂꯪꯁꯇꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯏꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯏꯗꯥ ꯍꯥꯄꯆꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯖꯦꯅꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯤꯃꯤꯠ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫

3. ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯏ ꯄꯨꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯚꯦꯁꯦꯜ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯔꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯩ (`Overriding Aorta`) : `(Aorta)` ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯄꯨꯝꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯖꯦꯟ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯏ ꯄꯨꯕꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯚꯦꯁꯦꯂꯅꯤ꯫ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯂꯦꯃꯍꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯆꯦꯝꯕꯔ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯥ ꯁꯝꯅꯩ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ `(VSD)`ꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ, ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ `(Aorta)` ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯦꯝꯕꯔ ꯑꯅꯤꯃꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯅꯤꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯍꯥꯡꯗꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯖꯦꯟ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯕꯥ ꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯖꯦꯟ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯏ ꯑꯅꯤꯃꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ `(Aorta)` ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯧꯏ꯫ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, ꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯖꯦꯟ ꯐꯪꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯂꯪꯁꯇꯥ ꯆꯠꯀꯗꯕꯥ ꯏ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯀꯊꯦꯡꯅꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯤ꯫

4. ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯔꯕꯥ ꯆꯦꯝꯕꯔꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯥꯎꯈꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ (`Ventricular Hypertrophy`) : ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯄꯅꯈ꯭ꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯝ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯪꯁꯇꯥ ꯏ ꯊꯥꯕꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯚꯦꯁꯦꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯂꯣꯌꯔꯕꯥ ꯆꯦꯝꯕꯔ (`(Right Ventricle)`)ꯅꯥ ꯏ ꯄꯝꯄ ꯇꯧꯕꯗꯥ ꯀꯟꯅꯥ ꯍꯣꯠꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯁꯜ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯈꯠꯂꯀꯄꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ, ꯆꯦꯝꯕꯔ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯂꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯁꯂꯒꯤ ꯂꯦꯌꯔ ꯑꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯃꯇꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯈꯠꯂꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯐꯉ꯭ꯀꯁꯅꯗꯥ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯇꯥꯅꯥ ꯑꯀꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯝ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ``ꯇꯦꯠꯔꯥꯂꯣꯖꯤ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯐꯦꯂꯣꯠ'' ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯅꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫

ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯌꯥꯝ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯦ? ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯅꯥꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯈꯠꯂꯀꯄꯒꯦ?

ꯐꯦꯂꯣꯠꯀꯤ ꯇꯦꯠꯔꯥꯂꯣꯖꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫. ꯑꯃꯦꯔꯤꯀꯥꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯀꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯄꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ 2,000ꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯀꯣꯟꯖꯤꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯗꯤꯖꯤꯖ (`(ꯀꯣꯟꯖꯤꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ)`)ꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯨꯄꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯁꯨ ꯅꯠꯇꯅꯥ, ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ `(ToF)` ꯑꯁꯤ `(ꯗꯥꯎꯟ ꯁꯤꯟꯗꯣꯝ)`ꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯣꯃꯣꯖꯣꯃꯒꯤ ꯀꯃꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯁꯨ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯏ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯈ꯭ꯔꯦ꯫

ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯇꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯉꯩꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ-ꯃꯔꯩ ꯐꯥꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯁꯨ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯝ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯇꯧ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯇꯦꯠꯔꯥꯂꯣꯖꯤ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯐꯦꯂꯣꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯄꯒꯦ?

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯔꯣꯜꯂꯤꯉꯩ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯄꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ . ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯄꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯈꯔꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯊꯥ ꯈꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯏ꯫

ꯄ꯭ꯔꯤꯅꯦꯇꯦꯜ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯔꯣꯜꯂꯤꯉꯩ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯔꯨꯇꯤꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯂꯠꯔꯥꯁꯥꯎꯟꯗ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯦꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯇꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯐꯤꯇꯁ ꯏꯀꯣꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯑꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯝ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯦꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯔꯣꯜꯂꯤꯉꯩꯒꯤ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ 18ꯗꯒꯤ 22 ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯊꯝꯃꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯀꯆꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯄꯣꯛꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫

ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯄꯣꯛꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯝꯃꯣꯌ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯑꯆꯝꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯟꯖꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ (`ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯃꯨꯔꯃꯨꯔ`) ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ `(ToF)` ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ, ꯐꯤꯚꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯅꯐꯔꯝ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯛꯂꯤ:

• ꯄꯂꯁ ꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯃꯦꯠꯔꯤ : ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯏꯆꯝ ꯆꯝꯕꯥ, ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯨꯃꯗꯥ ꯄꯨꯈꯠꯠꯔꯤꯉꯩ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯨꯠ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯁꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯏꯗꯥ ꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯖꯦꯅꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯖꯦꯅꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯅꯦꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ (ToF) ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯏꯀꯣꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯑꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯐ (ꯏꯀꯣ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯅꯕꯥ) : ꯃꯁꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯦꯟ ꯑꯃꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯀꯆꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯥꯎꯟꯗ ꯋꯦꯕ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ, ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯚꯜꯌꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯖꯦꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ꯫
• ꯆꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯦꯛꯁ-ꯔꯦ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯤ.ꯇꯤ . ꯃꯁꯤ ꯇꯤ.ꯑꯣ.ꯑꯦꯐ.ꯀꯤ ꯃꯒꯨꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫
• ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯠꯔꯣꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯑꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯐ (EKG ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ECG) : ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯠꯔꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯛꯇꯤꯚꯤꯇꯤ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯔꯤꯗꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯦꯕꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯕꯨ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯆꯦꯝꯕꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯀꯟꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ꯫
• ꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯌꯦꯛ ꯀꯦꯇꯦꯒꯣꯔꯤ : ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯨꯝꯂꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯗꯔꯀꯥꯔ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯈꯛꯇꯗꯥ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ, ꯏꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯝꯄꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯀꯆꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯅꯕꯥ, ꯈꯣꯡ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯥꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯚꯦꯁꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯇꯤꯎꯕ (catheter) ꯑꯃꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯇꯥ ꯊꯥꯏ꯫

ꯑꯍꯜ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯑꯍꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯄꯅꯈ꯭ꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡ, ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ `(EKG)` ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ `(ꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯌꯦꯛ ꯀꯦꯇꯦꯒꯣꯔꯤ)` ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ `(ꯇꯦꯠꯔꯥꯂꯣꯖꯤ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯐꯦꯂꯣꯠ)` ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯦ?

`(ToF)` ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯗꯤ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯅꯤ . ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯊꯥꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯛꯌꯨꯂꯦꯁꯟ ꯐꯒꯠꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ `(ꯕꯦꯇꯥ-ꯕ꯭ꯂꯣꯀꯔꯁꯤꯡ)`ꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯖꯦꯟ ꯄꯤꯕꯁꯨ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯝ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯀꯣꯀꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯄꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯊꯥ ꯑꯍꯨꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯊꯥ 6 ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯏ ꯆꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯟꯖꯤꯜꯂꯀꯏ꯫

ꯁꯔꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯄꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯄꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯨꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯁꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ, ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯨꯝꯂꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯀꯅꯈꯠꯂꯛꯠꯔꯤꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯈꯔꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯏꯆꯝ ꯆꯝꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ (`(ꯄꯦꯂꯤꯑꯦꯇꯤꯚ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ)`) ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯛꯇꯗꯥ `(Complete Repair)` ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯒꯅꯤ꯫

ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯤꯗ꯭ꯌꯨꯑꯣꯔ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩ:

• ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯔꯤꯄꯦꯌꯥꯔ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ : ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯤꯗ꯭ꯌꯨꯑꯣꯔ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯚꯜꯌꯨ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯪꯁꯇꯥ ꯏ ꯄꯨꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯝꯕꯤ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯄꯥꯀꯊꯣꯛ-ꯆꯥꯎꯊꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯁꯨ ꯅꯠꯇꯅꯥ, ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯂꯣꯌꯔꯕꯥ ꯆꯦꯝꯕꯔ ꯑꯅꯤ (VSD)ꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯍꯣꯜ ꯑꯗꯨꯁꯨ ꯄꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯖꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫
• ꯕꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯒꯤ ꯁꯟꯊꯤꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡ : ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯄꯅꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯈꯔꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯑꯥꯔꯝ ꯑꯥꯔꯇꯦꯔꯤ (Subclavian Artery) ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯂꯃꯣꯅꯥꯔꯤ ꯑꯥꯔꯇꯦꯔꯤ (Pulmonary Artery)ꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯇꯤꯎꯕ (Shunt) ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯂꯪꯁꯇꯥ ꯏ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫
• ꯀꯦꯇꯦꯒꯣꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡ : ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯀꯦꯇꯦꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯇꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯍꯟꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯚꯦꯟꯇꯤꯂꯦꯇꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯥꯡꯗꯣꯛꯇꯨꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯗꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯄꯦꯇꯦꯟꯇ ꯗꯛꯇꯁ ꯑꯥꯔꯇꯦꯔꯤꯑꯣꯁ (ꯄꯂꯃꯣꯅꯥꯔꯤ ꯑꯥꯔꯇꯦꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯑꯣꯔꯇꯥ ꯁꯝꯅꯍꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯇꯤꯎꯕ ꯑꯃꯥ) ꯊꯤꯡꯕꯗꯁꯨ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯑꯍꯂꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫

ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ, ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯉꯩꯗꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯇꯧꯗꯅꯥ ꯍꯤꯡꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ-ꯃꯔꯩ ꯐꯥꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯌꯧꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯑꯈꯉ-ꯑꯍꯩꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯛꯀꯗꯕꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯆꯥꯗꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯥꯀꯁꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯉꯍꯧꯗꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯕꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯎꯇꯥꯛ ꯄꯤꯔꯤ꯫

ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯤꯗ꯭ꯌꯨꯑꯣꯔ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ, ꯑꯦꯗꯜꯇ ꯀꯣꯟꯖꯤꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯗꯤꯖꯤꯖ (VSD)ꯗꯥ ꯃꯁꯛ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯛꯂꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯄꯦꯆ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯏ, ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯠꯔꯤꯌꯥꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯥꯡꯗꯣꯀꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯂꯃꯣꯅꯥꯔꯤ ꯚꯜꯌꯨ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯔꯤꯄꯦꯌꯥꯔ ꯇꯧꯏ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯍꯨꯠ ꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯂꯪꯁ ꯑꯅꯤꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯏ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯄꯂꯃꯣꯅꯥꯔꯤ ꯑꯥꯔꯇꯦꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯈꯠꯂꯀꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯏꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯖꯦꯜ ꯐꯒꯠꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯔꯥꯏꯠ ꯑꯦꯠꯔꯤꯌꯥꯝ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯂꯃꯣꯅꯥꯔꯤ ꯑꯥꯔꯇꯦꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯇꯤꯎꯕ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯝꯃꯤ꯫

ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯗꯤꯐꯦꯛꯇ (ToF) ꯑꯃꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯔꯤꯄꯦꯌꯥꯔ ꯇꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯍꯂꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯗꯦ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯅꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯐꯣꯂꯣ-ꯑꯄꯀꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯦꯗꯜꯇ ꯀꯣꯟꯖꯤꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯑꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯇꯥꯅꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯀꯃꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯇꯦꯠꯔꯥꯂꯣꯖꯤ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯐꯦꯂꯣꯠ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ (ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯈꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯁꯨ) ꯀꯃꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯟ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ, ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯄꯨꯛꯅꯤꯡ ꯆꯪꯏ꯫

• ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯠꯔꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯗꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯔꯕꯦꯟꯁꯁꯤꯡ: VSD ꯊꯤꯡꯖꯤꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯄꯦꯆ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯀꯤ ꯆꯦꯝꯕꯔꯁꯤꯡ (Atria)ꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯆꯦꯝꯕꯔꯁꯤꯡ (Ventricles) ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯒꯤ ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯠꯔꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯁꯤꯒꯅꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯀꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯄꯦꯁꯃꯦꯀꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯀꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯔꯤꯄꯦꯌꯥꯔ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ToF ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ, ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯃꯊꯛ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯆꯦꯝꯕꯔ ꯑꯅꯤꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯦꯔꯤꯊ꯭ꯃꯤꯌꯥ (irregular heartbeat) ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯅꯀꯣꯄꯜ ꯑꯦꯄꯤꯁꯣꯗ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯆꯦꯛ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫
• ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯗꯦꯟꯇ ꯚꯦꯟꯇꯤꯀꯨꯂꯥꯔ ꯁꯦꯞꯇꯦꯝ ꯗꯤꯐꯦꯛꯇ : ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ VSD ꯊꯤꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯄꯦꯆ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯂꯤꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯑꯦꯅꯤꯎꯔꯤꯖꯝ : ꯚꯜꯌꯨꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯔꯤꯄꯦꯌꯥꯔ ꯇꯧꯕꯗꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯄꯦꯆ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯚꯜꯌꯨꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯊꯨꯒꯥꯌꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯅꯤꯎꯔꯤꯖꯝ (ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯚꯦꯁꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯕꯦꯂꯨꯅꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯖꯦꯜ) ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯛꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯑꯣꯔꯇꯥꯗꯥ ꯑꯦꯅꯤꯎꯔꯤꯖꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯀꯁꯨ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫
• ꯁꯟꯊꯤꯒꯤ ꯏꯁꯨꯁꯤꯡ : ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯈꯔꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯝꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯁꯟꯊꯤ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯄꯂꯃꯣꯅꯥꯔꯤ ꯑꯥꯔꯇꯦꯔꯤꯗꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯋꯥꯡꯈꯠꯄꯥ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯂꯦꯃꯍꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯂꯤꯛ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯚꯜꯌꯨꯁꯤꯡ : ꯏ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯪꯁ, ꯑꯦꯑꯣꯔꯇꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯚꯜꯌꯨꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ (Tricuspid) ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯤꯛ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯄꯂꯃꯣꯅꯥꯔꯤ ꯚꯜꯌꯨ (Valve Replacement) ꯑꯃꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯍꯤꯡꯂꯤꯉꯩꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯑꯥꯁꯥ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯇꯦꯠꯔꯥꯂꯣꯖꯤ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯐꯦꯂꯣꯇꯀꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯇꯥ ꯏꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯖꯦꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯜꯂꯛꯂꯕꯁꯨ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯖꯤꯅꯒꯗꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯀꯁꯨ ꯂꯩꯔꯤ:

• ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ : ꯑꯦꯟꯗꯣꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯇꯤꯁꯀꯤ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯏ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯥꯛꯇꯔꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯀꯁꯤꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯗꯥꯛꯇꯔ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯂꯩꯍꯟꯗꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯟꯇꯤꯕꯥꯏꯑꯣꯇꯤꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯎꯇꯥꯛ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯈꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ : ꯇꯦꯠꯔꯥꯂꯣꯖꯤ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯐꯦꯂꯣꯠ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯗꯥ ꯐꯤꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ, ꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯆ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯣꯛꯌꯨꯄꯦꯁꯅꯦꯜ ꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯃꯤꯔꯣꯜꯂꯤꯉꯩꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯀꯁꯤꯡ : ꯑꯍꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯥ ꯅꯨꯄꯤꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯔꯣꯜꯂꯤꯉꯩ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯆꯦꯛ-ꯑꯞ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯤꯔꯣꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯂꯗꯒꯤ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯀꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯊꯤꯡꯕꯥ : ꯑꯍꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯕꯔꯊ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯃꯦꯊꯗꯁꯤꯡ ꯈꯛꯇꯃꯛ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

`(ToF)` ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯇꯁꯀꯤ ꯇꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯐꯤꯕꯝ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯁꯥꯏꯟꯁꯀꯤ ꯆꯥꯎꯈꯠꯂꯀꯄꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ `(ꯇꯦꯠꯔꯥꯂꯣꯖꯤ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯐꯦꯂꯣꯠ)` ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯇꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯐꯤꯕꯝ ꯍꯥꯟꯅꯗꯒꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯐꯔꯦ꯫ ꯁꯔꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯤꯠꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯀꯆꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯣꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯀꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯥꯌ ꯄꯥꯀꯏ꯫ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯄꯤꯔꯤꯑꯦꯟꯁ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯀꯣꯟꯖꯤꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯑꯍꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯥꯌꯄꯥꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡꯁꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯏ꯫

ꯉꯁꯤꯗꯤ, ꯐꯦꯂꯣꯠꯀꯤ ꯇꯦꯠꯔꯥꯂꯣꯖꯤ ꯀꯣꯀꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯇꯤꯕ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯤꯡꯂꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯀꯝꯄꯤꯇꯤꯇꯤꯕ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯣꯔꯇꯁꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯊꯧꯔꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯊꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ToF ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯁꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯍꯤꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯐꯩ꯫ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯗꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯆꯍꯤ 30 ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯍꯤꯡꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯛꯠꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯇꯦꯠꯔꯥꯂꯣꯖꯤ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯐꯦꯂꯣꯠ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ 3ꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ 1 ꯈꯛꯇꯃꯛ ꯆꯍꯤ 10 ꯍꯤꯡꯒꯅꯤ꯫

ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯉꯩꯗꯥ ꯇꯦꯠꯔꯥꯂꯣꯖꯤ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯐꯦꯂꯣꯇꯀꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯑꯍꯜ ꯈꯔꯗꯗꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ-ꯃꯔꯩ ꯐꯥꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯛ, ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯤꯠꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯍꯂꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯉꯩꯗꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯑꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯥ ꯇꯥꯟꯅꯕꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫

ꯑꯩꯒꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ?

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯍꯣꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯥꯌꯣꯛꯅꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯎ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯀꯣꯀꯊꯣꯡꯕꯗꯥ ꯊꯃꯖꯤꯜꯂꯨ . ꯄꯣꯖꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯂꯪꯁꯇꯥ ꯏ ꯆꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯍꯜꯂꯤ, ꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯍꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯁꯨ ꯅꯠꯇꯅꯥ, ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯊꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯔꯥꯡ ꯀꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯥ ꯃꯊꯟꯇꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯟꯗꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫

ꯑꯩꯒꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯥ ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯀꯗꯒꯦ?

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ "ꯇꯦꯠ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯜ" ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯗꯨ ꯅꯤꯜ ꯈꯣꯡꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯍꯣꯅꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯕꯨ ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯅꯀꯄꯥ ꯍꯣꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯇꯥꯂꯒꯤ ꯏꯃꯔꯖꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯔꯨꯃꯗꯥ ꯄꯨꯈꯠꯂꯨ . ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ-ꯃꯔꯩ ꯐꯥꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯥ ꯃꯊꯟꯇꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯇꯥꯗꯕꯥ, ꯃꯤꯠ ꯎꯗꯕꯥ, ꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯍꯣꯅꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯏꯃꯔꯖꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯔꯨꯃꯗꯁꯨ ꯆꯠꯀꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯉꯩꯗꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯚꯜꯌꯨ (ToF)ꯒꯤ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯍꯂꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯑꯦꯀꯖꯥꯃꯤꯅꯦꯁꯟ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ . ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯐꯉ꯭ꯀꯁꯟ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ:

• `(ꯍꯣꯂꯇꯔ ꯃꯣꯅꯤꯇꯔ)` (ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯒꯤ `ꯏ.ꯁꯤ.ꯖꯤ.` ꯑꯃꯥ ꯔꯦꯀꯣꯔꯗ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯗꯤꯚꯥꯏꯁ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ)
• ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯠꯔꯣꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯑꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯐ (ꯏ.ꯀꯦ.ꯖꯤ.)
• ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯔꯁꯥꯏꯖ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯁ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯏꯀꯣꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯑꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯐ (ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯦꯟ)
• ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯑꯦꯝ.ꯑꯥꯔ.ꯑꯥꯏ

ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯁꯨ ꯅꯠꯇꯅꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯁꯥꯏꯖ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐꯉ꯭ꯀꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯅꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯒꯅꯤ꯫

ꯇꯦꯠꯔꯥꯂꯣꯖꯤ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯐꯦꯂꯣꯠ ꯔꯤꯄꯦꯌꯥꯔ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯄꯦꯗꯤꯑꯦꯠꯔꯤꯛ ꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯑꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯅꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯛ-ꯑꯞ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯔꯨꯇꯤꯟ ꯀꯦꯌꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ-ꯃꯔꯩ ꯐꯥꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯆꯠꯊꯒꯅꯤ꯫

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯗꯥ ꯍꯪꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯍꯪ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ:

• ꯑꯩꯒꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯄꯣꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯤꯃꯤꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯇꯥꯕꯔꯥ?
• ꯑꯩꯒꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ?
• ꯑꯩꯒꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯀꯁꯤꯡ (ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ) ꯂꯧꯒꯗꯒꯦ?

ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯖꯅꯤꯡꯕꯗꯤ... (ꯇꯦꯛ-ꯍꯣꯝ ꯃꯦꯁꯦꯖ)

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯧꯅꯥ ꯄꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯈꯪꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯂꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯇꯤꯃꯅꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯐꯤꯚꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯃꯃꯥ-ꯃꯄꯥ ꯀꯌꯥꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯈ꯭ꯔꯦ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨꯁꯨ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯇꯦꯠꯔꯥꯂꯣꯖꯤ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯐꯦꯂꯣꯠ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯕꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯡꯇꯛꯅꯒꯅꯨ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯁꯨ ꯅꯠꯇꯅꯥ, ꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯗꯤꯚꯦꯂꯄꯃꯦꯟꯇꯗꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯄꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯃꯥꯡꯖꯤꯜ ꯊꯥꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯍꯂꯁꯤꯡꯗꯁꯨ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯇꯤꯛ ꯆꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯤꯠꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯤꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯍꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯊꯥꯖꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫

` ꯐꯦꯂꯣꯠꯀꯤ ꯇꯦꯠꯔꯥꯂꯣꯖꯤ, ꯄꯦꯗꯤꯑꯦꯠꯔꯤꯛ ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯗꯤꯖꯤꯖ, ꯀꯣꯟꯖꯦꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯗꯤꯐꯦꯛꯇ, ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯇꯥ ꯍꯣꯜ, ꯕ꯭ꯂꯨ ꯕꯦꯕꯤ ꯁꯤꯟꯗꯣꯝ, ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ, ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯀꯆꯔ꯫