ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯣꯛꯇꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯈꯨꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ, ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ (ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ, ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ) ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯗ꯭ꯔꯥ? ꯃꯗꯨꯅꯤ ꯉꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯅꯒꯗꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ, ‘ꯎꯂꯅꯥ’꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯖꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯂꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯇꯉꯥꯏꯐꯗꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯏꯆꯤꯜ-ꯏꯅꯥꯑꯣ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯑꯀꯨꯞꯄꯥ ꯃꯔꯣꯂꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯁꯤ꯫
ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯎꯂꯅꯥ ꯕꯣꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?
ꯎꯂꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯌꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯑꯅꯤꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯡꯏ꯫ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯌꯁꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯞ-ꯃꯄꯥꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯄꯨꯟꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯃꯤꯟꯅꯔꯤ꯫ ꯎꯂꯅꯥ ꯕꯣꯟ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯠ, ꯃꯈꯨꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯦꯠꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯕꯒꯤ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈꯛꯇꯥ ꯅꯠꯇꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯁꯜ, ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯣꯟ, ꯂꯤꯒꯥꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯚꯦꯁꯦꯜ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯥ ꯁꯝꯅꯩ꯫
ꯈꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯡ ꯂꯣꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯍꯥꯡꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ, ꯀꯞ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯐꯣꯅꯗꯥ ꯇꯥꯏꯞ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫ ꯏꯆꯝ ꯆꯝꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯎꯂꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯒꯤ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯅꯨꯡꯇꯤꯒꯤ ꯊꯕꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯒꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯑꯗꯣꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯟꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
ꯎꯂꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?
ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤ꯫
- ꯆꯠꯊꯣꯛ-ꯆꯠꯁꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯕꯥ: ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯌ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯨꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ, ꯆꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯖꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯊꯝꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯎꯂꯅꯥ ꯕꯣꯟ (ulna bone) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯦꯉ꯭ꯀꯔ ꯑꯃꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯐꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ (radius) ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫
- ꯃꯁꯂꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯦꯉ꯭ꯀꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ: ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯁꯜ ꯗꯔꯖꯟ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯎꯂꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯁꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯨꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯨꯠ ꯆꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯕꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯄꯤꯔꯤ꯫
- ꯇꯪꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ: ꯁꯔꯨ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯥ, ꯃꯈꯨꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯞ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯀꯤ ꯇꯪꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯨꯝꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯤ꯫
- ꯖꯣꯏꯟꯇ ꯐꯉ꯭ꯀꯁꯟ: ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯦꯂꯕꯣ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯖꯣꯟ ꯑꯅꯤꯃꯛ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫
ꯎꯂꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ-ꯃꯇꯧ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?
ꯎꯂꯅꯥ ꯕꯣꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯌꯝ ꯁꯥꯏꯗꯇꯥ ꯂꯩ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯌꯁ ꯕꯣꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯃꯄꯥꯟꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯊꯨꯃꯖꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫
ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯃꯇꯧꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯂꯝꯕꯤ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯁꯨ, ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫
- ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯛꯁꯤꯃꯥꯜ ꯑꯦꯟꯗ: ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯦꯂꯕꯣ ꯖꯣꯅꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯇꯦꯕꯜ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯞ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯦꯡꯗꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯏꯟꯇ ꯕꯣꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ? ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯍꯟꯊꯣꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯣꯂꯦꯛꯔꯥꯅꯟ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯤ꯫ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯍꯨꯀꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯀꯆꯔ (`Trochlear notch`) ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛ ꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯇꯥ (`Humerus`) ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯀꯨꯞꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯏꯂꯕꯣꯏ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯥꯡꯗꯣꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫
- ꯁꯥꯐꯝ (shaft): ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯁꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯥꯗꯥ ꯃꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯃꯇꯧ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯄꯤ꯫
- ꯗꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯟꯗ: ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯀꯆꯔꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯤ꯫ ꯅꯉꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯨꯠꯀꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ, ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯈꯣꯉꯎꯄꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯥꯛꯇꯥ, ꯅꯉꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯥꯗꯒꯤ ꯊꯣꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯉꯎꯞ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩ, ꯅꯠꯇꯦ? ꯃꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯏꯂꯣꯏꯗ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯦꯁ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ . ꯃꯗꯨ ꯎꯂꯅꯥ ꯕꯣꯟ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯤ꯫
ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯍꯩꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ (``ꯑꯣꯂꯦꯛꯔꯥꯅꯟ``, ``ꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯏꯂꯣꯏꯗ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯦꯁ``ꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ), ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫
ꯎꯅꯁꯥꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡ꯫
ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯀꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯎꯂꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯊꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤ꯫
꯱.ꯎꯂꯅꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫
ꯃꯁꯤ ꯎꯂꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯍꯟꯊꯣꯛꯇꯥ, ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯑꯃꯕꯨ ‘ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ’ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯤ:
- ꯁꯥꯟꯅ-ꯈꯣꯠꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯤꯗꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡ: ꯀ꯭ꯔꯤꯀꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯒꯕꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯄꯣꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯔꯤꯉꯩꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ꯫
- ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ: ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯍꯥꯝꯂꯕꯥ ꯈꯨꯠ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ꯫ ꯑꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯞꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ, ꯊꯣꯉꯅꯥꯑꯣꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ꯫
- ꯒꯥꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯤꯗꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡ: ꯃꯣꯇꯣꯔꯁꯥꯏꯀꯜ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯒꯥꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯤꯗꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡ꯫
ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯗꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯤꯗꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯇꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯇꯥꯟꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ , ꯃꯁꯤ ꯁꯨꯞꯅꯒꯤ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯈꯛꯇꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯕꯗꯒꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤ꯫
| ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡ꯫ | ꯋꯥꯔꯣꯜ |
|---|---|
| ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ꯫ | ꯑꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ, ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯏ꯫ |
| ꯄꯣꯝꯈꯠꯄ | ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯔꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯍꯧꯏ꯫ |
| ꯈꯨꯠ ꯍꯥꯃꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ꯫ | ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯈꯨꯠ, ꯃꯈꯨꯠ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯆꯦꯠꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯂꯣꯏ꯫ |
| ꯕ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯁ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯆꯨ ꯁꯪꯂꯕꯥ꯫ | ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯏ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯤꯜ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯆꯨ ꯃꯆꯨꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ |
| ꯈꯨꯠꯀꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯃꯇꯧꯗꯥ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ꯫ | ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯗꯕꯥ ꯂꯪꯁ, ꯕꯦꯟꯗ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯗꯤꯐꯣꯔꯃꯤꯇꯤ (deformity) ꯑꯃꯥ ꯈꯨꯠꯇꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯏ꯫ |
ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯍꯣꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯇꯥꯜ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯏꯃꯔꯖꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯗꯤꯄꯥꯔꯇꯃꯦꯟꯇ (ETU)ꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯨ꯫
꯲.ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯄꯣꯔꯣꯁꯤꯁ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ꯫
ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯀꯌꯥꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯍꯩ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯗꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯗꯦꯟꯁꯤꯇꯤ ꯍꯟꯊꯔꯀꯏ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯔꯀꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ, ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯦ꯫
ꯆꯍꯤ 65ꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯨꯄꯤꯁꯤꯡ (ꯃꯦꯅꯣꯄꯣꯖꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯕꯣꯟ ꯗꯦꯟꯁꯤꯇꯤ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ (ꯕꯣꯟ ꯗꯦꯟꯁꯤꯇꯤ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ / DEXA Scan) ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯥ ꯇꯥꯟꯅꯧ꯫
ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯐꯤꯚꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯳
- ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯑꯔꯊ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯇꯤꯁ (Osteoarthritis): ꯃꯇꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ, ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ (joint wear and tear)ꯅꯥ ꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯨꯠ ꯁꯣꯛ-ꯄꯅꯕꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
- ꯎꯂꯅꯥꯔ ꯅꯔꯚ ꯑꯦꯅꯠꯔꯦꯄꯃꯦꯟꯇ (Ulnar nerve entrapment): ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯥꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯏꯆꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯂꯤꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ? ꯎꯂꯅꯥ ꯕꯣꯟ (ulna bone)ꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯥꯛꯇꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯎꯅꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯅꯔꯚ (ulnar nerve) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯔꯚ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯈꯨꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯥꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯨꯠ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
ꯎꯂꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯜ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯒꯅꯤ?
ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯎꯅꯁꯥꯗꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯆꯤꯡꯅꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
- ꯕꯣꯟ ꯗꯦꯟꯁꯤꯇꯤ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ (DEXA Scan): ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯄꯣꯔꯣꯁꯤꯁ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯅꯦꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯦꯚꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯛꯁ-ꯔꯦ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫
- ꯑꯦꯛꯁ-ꯔꯦ: ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯅꯤ꯫
- ꯑꯦꯝ.ꯑꯥꯔ.ꯑꯥꯏ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯁ꯭ꯀꯦꯟ: ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯝꯞꯂꯦꯛꯁ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ ꯈꯔꯗꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯇꯔꯨ-ꯇꯅꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯤꯁꯨꯁꯤꯡ (ꯃꯁꯂꯁꯤꯡ, ꯂꯤꯒꯥꯃꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡ)ꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?
ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ, ꯎꯂꯅꯥ ꯕꯣꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯤꯗꯦꯟꯇ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯠꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯗꯦ꯫ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯄꯣꯔꯣꯁꯤꯁꯀꯤ ꯀꯦꯁꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫
- ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ:
- ꯏꯃꯣꯕꯤꯂꯥꯏꯖꯦꯁꯟ: ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯃꯈꯨꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯏꯃꯣꯕꯤꯂꯥꯏꯖꯦꯁꯟ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯀꯥꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯞꯂꯤꯟꯇ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯥ ꯃꯊꯟꯇꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫
- ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ: ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯀꯌꯥꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯋꯥꯏꯔꯞ, ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯙꯥꯇꯨꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯇꯁꯤꯡ (ꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯛꯔꯨ)ꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯗꯣꯛ-ꯁꯦꯃꯖꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
- ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯄꯣꯔꯣꯁꯤꯁꯀꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ: ꯱.
- ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯔꯁꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ, ꯀꯦꯂꯁꯤꯌꯝ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯚꯤꯇꯥꯃꯤꯟ ꯗꯤ ꯁꯞꯂꯤꯃꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯔꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯀꯅꯈꯠꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯔꯤ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯥꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯦꯄꯀꯅꯤ꯫
ꯎꯂꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯌꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯕꯥ꯫
ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯈꯤꯕꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ, ꯑꯅꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯥ ꯍꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯄꯁꯤꯡꯒꯨꯝꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯄꯨꯟꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯃꯤꯟꯅꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯇꯥ ꯀꯝꯞꯂꯦꯛꯁ ꯃꯨꯕꯃꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫ ꯑꯅꯤꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯈꯦꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯀꯨꯞꯅꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤ꯫
| ꯃꯒꯨꯟ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ꯫ | ꯎꯂꯅꯥ ꯕꯣꯟ꯫ | ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯌꯁ ꯕꯣꯟ꯫ |
|---|---|---|
| ꯂꯩꯐꯝ | ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯈꯨꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯥꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ | ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯊꯨꯃꯖꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ |
| ꯆꯥꯎꯕꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ | ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯌꯁ ꯕꯣꯅꯗꯒꯤ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯡꯏ꯫ | ꯎꯂꯅꯥ ꯕꯣꯟꯗꯒꯤ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯀꯨꯞꯄꯥ꯫ |
| ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯐꯉ꯭ꯀꯁꯟ꯫ | ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯂꯕꯣ ꯖꯣꯅꯒꯤ ꯇꯪꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯆꯠꯊꯣꯛ-ꯆꯠꯁꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫ | ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯖꯣꯟ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯠꯊꯣꯛ-ꯆꯠꯁꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯨꯟꯗꯣꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯗꯥꯡ ꯂꯧꯏ꯫ |
ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯎꯂꯅꯥ ꯃꯇꯧ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯐꯅꯥ ꯊꯃꯒꯗꯒꯦ?
ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯎꯂꯅꯥ ꯃꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯀꯅꯈꯠꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤ, ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯦꯂꯦꯇꯦꯜ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯄꯨꯝꯕꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ꯫ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯔꯨꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯅꯠꯇꯦ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯅꯨꯡꯇꯤꯒꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯕꯥ ꯏꯆꯝ ꯆꯝꯕꯥ ꯍꯩꯅꯕꯤꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ꯫
- ꯕꯦꯂꯦꯟꯁ ꯗꯥꯏꯠ: ꯀꯦꯂꯁꯤꯌꯝ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯚꯤꯇꯥꯃꯤꯟ D ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯆꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯥꯏꯇꯇꯥ ꯁꯉ꯭ꯒꯣꯝ, ꯌꯣꯒꯔ, ꯆꯦꯡ, ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯥ (ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ), ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯁꯪꯕꯥ ꯎꯍꯩꯁꯤꯡ (ꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯅꯥꯆ, ꯀꯦꯜ) ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯎꯍꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯌꯨꯛ-ꯅꯨꯡꯊꯤꯂꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯚꯤꯇꯥꯃꯤꯟ Dꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫
- ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯔꯁꯥꯏꯖ: ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯔꯁꯥꯏꯖꯁꯤꯡ (ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯈꯠꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯔꯁꯥꯏꯖꯁꯤꯡ) ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯣꯡꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯣꯡꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯔꯁꯥꯏꯖꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯀꯅꯈꯠꯍꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫
- ꯁꯥꯐꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯌꯨ: ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯤꯗꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯁꯥꯕꯨ ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫
- ꯒꯥꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯁꯤꯠ ꯕꯦꯜꯇ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯣꯇꯣꯔꯁꯥꯏꯀꯜ ꯊꯧꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯍꯦꯂꯃꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯧ .
- ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯄꯣꯠ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯀꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯆꯨꯅꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯇꯦꯛꯇꯤꯚ ꯏꯛꯌꯨꯏꯄꯃꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯧ꯫
- ꯌꯨꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯊꯕꯛꯇꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯣꯔꯗꯥ ꯊꯃꯒꯅꯨ꯫
- ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯌꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯆꯦꯌꯥꯔ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯇꯦꯕꯂꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯍꯨꯠꯇꯥ, ꯆꯨꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯧ꯫
- ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯎꯇꯥꯛ ꯂꯧꯕꯤꯌꯨ: ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯆꯍꯤ 50ꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯃꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯄꯣꯔꯣꯁꯤꯁ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯕꯣꯟ ꯗꯦꯟꯁꯤꯇꯤ ꯆꯦꯛ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯥ ꯇꯥꯟꯅꯧ꯫
ꯇꯦꯛ-ꯍꯣꯝ ꯃꯦꯁꯦꯖ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫
- ꯎꯂꯅꯥ (ulna) ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯄꯥꯟꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯣꯜ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯐꯤꯅꯥ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯨꯠ ꯆꯠꯄꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫
- ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯤꯗꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯇꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ, ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯗꯤꯐꯣꯔꯃꯤꯇꯤ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯗꯨ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯍꯣꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯇꯥꯜ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯏꯃꯔꯖꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯗꯤꯄꯥꯔꯇꯃꯦꯟꯇ (ETU)ꯗꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯨ꯫
- ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯄꯣꯔꯣꯁꯤꯁ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐꯖꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯁꯥꯏꯂꯦꯟꯇ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ, ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯪꯖꯤꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ, ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯌꯥꯃꯈꯠꯂꯀꯄꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ꯫
- ꯀꯦꯂꯁꯤꯌꯝ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯗꯥꯏꯠ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯆꯥꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯔꯁꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯤꯗꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯀꯆꯕꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯎꯅꯁꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯃꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯀꯅꯈꯠꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ꯫
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