Kodi pali vuto ndi magazi anu? Tiyeni tiphunzire za mayeso a Coombs!

Kodi mudamvapo za mayeso a Coombs? Mwina dokotala wanu adakuuzanipo za izi, kapena mwina mudayesedwapo mayesowa panthawi ya mimba yanu. Ngakhale kuti zingamveke zovuta pang'ono, kwenikweni zimafufuza chinthu chofunikira m'magazi mwanu. Lero, tikambirana za mayeso a Coombs, zomwe angakuuzeni, komanso nthawi yomwe amachitika.

Kodi mayeso a Coombs ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, mayeso a Coombs ndi mayeso omwe amafufuza ma antibodies m'thupi lanu omwe angaukire maselo ofiira a magazi anu. Tsopano mwina mukudabwa kuti ma antibodies amenewa ndi otani.

Taganizirani za thupi lathu ngati linga. Tili ndi gulu lankhondo mkati mwa thupi lathu lolimbana ndi adani (mavairasi, mabakiteriya, ndi zina zotero, zomwe timazitcha ma antigen ) omwe amachokera kunja. Asilikali apaderawa m'gulu lankhondo limeneli amatchedwa ma antibodies. Amazindikira ndikulimbana ndi zinthu zovulaza kuchokera kunja, zomwe zimatiteteza ku matenda.

Koma nthawi zina, ma antibodies amenewa m'gulu lathu lankhondo amalakwitsa pang'ono. Amayamba kuukira maselo athu abwino komanso athanzi, poganiza kuti ndi olowa m'malo akunja. Pamenepo ndi pomwe mavuto amabuka. Mayeso a Coombs kwenikweni amafufuza ma antibodies motsutsana ndi maselo athu ofiira amagazi.

Kodi mayeso a Coombs amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa chiyani?

Kuti mumvetse izi, choyamba muyenera kudziwa kuti pali mitundu iwiri ya mayeso a Coombs.

1. Mayeso a Coombs Direct - Nthawi zina izi zimatchedwanso Mayeso a Antiglobulin Direct (DAT).

2. Mayeso Osalunjika a Coombs

Tiyeni tsopano tiwone ziwirizi padera.

1. Mayeso a Coombs Molunjika

Kuyezetsa kumeneku kumatenga maselo ofiira a m'magazi anu ndikuyang'ana mwachindunji pamwamba pawo kuti awone ngati ali ndi ma antibodies omwe ali nawo. Ganizirani maselo ofiira a m'magazi ngati tinthu tating'onoting'ono. Kuyezetsa kumeneku kumayang'ana ma antibodies omwe amaukira maselo olakwika ozungulira iwo.

Izi nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pozindikira matenda okhudzana ndi magazi monga autoimmune hemolytic anemia . Anthu omwe ali ndi vutoli (autoimmune hemolytic anemia) amakhala ndi ma antibodies awoawo omwe amawononga maselo awo ofiira a magazi. Izi zimapangitsa kuti ataye maselo ofiira a magazi omwe amafunikira kuti akhale athanzi.

2. Mayeso Osalunjika a Coombs

Kuyezetsa kumeneku kungadziwitse dokotala wanu ngati pali ma antibodies omwe amayandama momasuka m'magazi anu omwe angalumikizidwe ndi maselo ofiira a magazi.Izi zikutanthauza kuti, ma antibodies amenewa sanagwirizanebe ndi maselo ofiira a magazi, koma ali m'magazi, okonzeka kulumikizidwa nthawi iliyonse.

Izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka m'mikhalidwe iwiri:

• Monga mayeso musanapatsidwe magazi: Musanapatsidwe magazi, izi zimachitika kuti muwone ngati magazi operekedwawo akugwirizana ndi mtundu wa magazi anu, kapena ngati ma antibodies m'thupi lanu adzaukira magazi atsopano.
• Monga gawo la mayeso omwe amachitidwa panthawi ya mimba: Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri. Tiyeni tikambirane mwatsatanetsatane.

Mayeso a Coombs panthawi ya mimba

Ngati muli ndi pakati, dokotala wanu mwina angakupatseni mayeso a Coombs osalunjika kuti aone ngati muli ndi ma antibodies motsutsana ndi magazi a Rh-positive m'magazi anu.

Tsopano kodi Rh iyi ndi chiyani?

Pali zinthu zingapo zomwe zimatsimikiza mtundu wa magazi athu. Kuwonjezera pa mitundu ya magazi A, B, AB, ndi O, chinthu china chofunikira ndi Rh factor. Anthu ena ali ndi chizindikiro ichi pamwamba pa maselo awo ofiira a magazi. Timawatcha kuti Rh-positive. (Chitsanzo: O positive, A positive). Anthu ena alibe chizindikiro ichi pa maselo awo ofiira a magazi. Timawatcha kuti Rh-negative. (Chitsanzo: O negative, A negative).

Mwachitsanzo, ngati mayi ali ndi Rh-negative (kutanthauza kuti, O negative), ndipo mwana m'mimba ali ndi Rh-positive, vuto lingabuke. Izi zimatchedwa Rh sensitization. Chomwe chimachitika apa ndichakuti chitetezo cha mthupi cha mayi chimazindikira molakwika Rh factor pa maselo ofiira a mwana ngati "mdani" ndipo chimayamba kupanga ma antibodies kuti awononge.

Kawirikawiri, zimatenga nthawi kuti thupi la mayi lipange ma antibodies amenewa ndipo akhale olimba mokwanira kuti akhudze mwana. Chifukwa chake, nthawi zambiri, mwana sakhudzidwa kwambiri panthawi yoyamba ya mimba. Komabe, ngati mayi aberekanso mwana wokhala ndi Rh-positive, ma antibodies omwe adapangidwa kale m'magazi a mayi amatha kuukira maselo ofiira a magazi a mwana. Izi zingayambitse mwana kukhala ndi matenda otchedwa Rh disease . Izi zingayambitse mavuto aakulu azaumoyo kwa mwana, monga kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi ndi jaundice. Mavutowa amatha kuwonjezeka ndi mwana aliyense wokhala ndi Rh-positive yemwe mayi ali nawo.

Koma musadandaule! Ngati muli pachiwopsezo cha Rh sensitization, chithandizo choyenera chingalepheretse vutoli. Ngati muli kale ndi sensitization, pali mankhwala oteteza mwana wanu. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ndikofunikira kwambiri kuyezetsa Coombs mu trimester yoyamba ya mimba.

Mayeso a Coombs kwa Makanda Obadwa

Ngati mwana wanu ali ndi matenda a jaundice pobadwa, dokotala wanu mwina adzachita mayeso a Coombs. Izi zimathandiza kupeza ma antibodies "achilendo" omwe alumikizidwa ku maselo ofiira a magazi a khanda. Izi zikutanthauza zinthu monga ma antibodies omwe adutsa kuchokera kwa mayi kupita kwa khanda.

Kodi mayeso a Coombs amachitidwa bwanji?

Kuti achite mayeso amenewa, dokotala adzafunika kutenga magazi pang'ono kuchokera kwa inu.

Kodi muyenera kukonzekera izi?

Ayi, palibe chomwe muyenera kuchita kuti mukonzekere mayeso a Coombs musanachite.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani panthawi ya mayeso?

Dokotala kapena namwino adzagwiritsa ntchito singano yaying'ono kutenga magazi pang'ono kuchokera mumtsempha womwe uli m'dzanja lanu kapena m'manja mwanu. Singano ikalowetsedwa, mudzamva "kupweteka" kapena "kupweteka" mumkodzo wanu . Izi zidzatenga masekondi angapo. Magazi akatengedwa, adzatumizidwa ku labu kuti akawunikidwe. Dokotala adzayika bandeji yaying'ono pamalo pomwe panabowoka. Mudzatha kuichotsa patatha mphindi 10 mpaka 20.

Zimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti mudziwe zotsatira zake?

Nthawi zambiri, mudzadziwa zotsatira za mayeso mkati mwa maola 24.

Kodi zotsatira za mayeso a Coombs zimatiuza chiyani?

Kodi mayeso abwino a Coombs ndi otani?

Ngati mayeso a Coombs ali ndi kachilombo, kapena kosadziwika bwino, zikutanthauza kuti muli ndi ma antibodies m'thupi lanu omwe angaukire maselo ofiira a magazi anu. Izi zitha kukhala pazifukwa zingapo. Mwachitsanzo:

• Kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi (autoimmune hemolytic anemia) : Monga tafotokozera kale, vuto lomwe ma antibodies a thupi amawononga maselo ofiira a magazi.
• Matenda opatsirana a mononucleosis : Iyi ndi matenda a tiziwalo totupa tomwe timayambitsidwa ndi kachilombo ka HIV.
• Khansa ya m'magazi yosatha : Iyi ndi mtundu wa khansa ya m'magazi.
• Chindoko : Ichi ndi matenda opatsirana pogonana.
• Matenda a Mycoplasma : Uwu ndi mtundu wa matenda omwe amakhudza dongosolo la kupuma.
• Lupus : Iyi ndi matenda omwe amayambitsa chitetezo chamthupi, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti imaukira machitidwe a thupi.
• Kuipa kwa kuikidwa magazi.

Nanga bwanji ngati mayeso apezeka kuti ali ndi kachilombo musanapereke magazi (kuika magazi)?

Ngati mayeso a Coombs, omwe amachitika musanalandire magazi, ali ndi kachilombo, zikutanthauza kuti dokotala ayenera kusamala kwambiri posankha wopereka magazi. Anthu omwe adalandira magazi nthawi zambiri mwina adapanga mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma antibodies. Chifukwa chake, zingakhale zovuta kupeza magazi ofanana nawo.

Nanga bwanji ngati mayesowo ali ndi kachilomboka panthawi ya mimba?

Ngati mwapezeka ndi Coombs positive test panthawi yomwe muli ndi pakati, zikutanthauza kuti muyenera kusamala kwambiri kuti muteteze mwana wanu ku Rh sensitivity. Dokotala wanu adzakulangizani pa izi.

Kodi Coombs positive imatanthauza chiyani kwa mwana?

Kawirikawiri, mayeso abwino a Coombs mwa mwana amasonyeza kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi kapena jaundice. Ngati mayeso a mwana ali ndi kachilombo, dokotala adzapitiriza kumufufuza mwanayo ndikumulangiza chithandizo choyenera.

Kodi zotsatira za mayeso a Coombs omwe alibe zotsatira zimatanthauza chiyani?

Ngati mayeso a Coombs ali oipa, kapena abwinobwino, imeneyo ndi nkhani yabwino! Zikutanthauza kuti palibe ma antibodies omwe adapezeka atalumikizidwa ku maselo ofiira a magazi. Kutengera ndi momwe zinthu zilili, zitha kutanthauza zinthu monga:

• Magazi angapezeke mosavuta kudzera mu kuikidwa magazi kuchokera kwa wopereka magazi.
• Ngati muli ndi pakati, palibe chifukwa chodera nkhawa kuti Rh sensitization ingakhudze mwana.

Ndiyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?

Ngati mukumva zizindikiro za kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi, monga jaundice, kumva mutu wopepuka, chizungulire, kapena kuvutika kuganizira bwino , pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo. Iye akhoza kukuyang'anirani, kukuyesani mayeso ena ngati pakufunika kutero, ndikusankha chithandizo choyenera.

Kumbukirani, zizindikiro zambiri zofala zimatha kufanana ndi za matenda ena. Ngati mukumva china chake chachilendo kapena chosiyana, ndi bwino kupita kwa dokotala kuti akupatseni upangiri.

Pomaliza, zinthu zoti muzikumbukira (Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba)

Mayeso a Coombs ndi mayeso ofunikira omwe amafufuza ma antibodies omwe angaukire ndikuwononga maselo ofiira a magazi anu. Kuti muchite izi, mumatenga chitsanzo cha magazi kuchokera kwa inu. Ngakhale zotsatira za Mayeso a Coombs zingathandize kutsogolera gulu lanu lachipatala kunjira yoyenera, nthawi zina mayeso ena angafunike kuti mupeze matenda oyenera komanso chithandizo choyenera. Chifukwa chake, tsatirani malangizo a dokotala wanu ndendende. Ngati muli ndi mafunso kapena nkhawa, musaope kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu.

Kuyezetsa kwa Coombs, maselo ofiira a magazi, ma antibodies, Rh factor, mimba, kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi, jaundice