Mtsempha wofunika kwambiri m'thupi lanu lapamwamba: mtsempha wa brachiocephalic.

Kodi munayamba mwaganizapo za kufunika kwa kuyenda kwa magazi m'thupi mwathu? Pali njira yapadera ya mitsempha yomwe imagwira ntchito yayikulu pobweretsa magazi kuchokera kumtunda kwa thupi lathu, kutanthauza, kuchokera kumutu, khosi, ndi manja kupita kumtima. Gawo lofunika kwambiri la dongosololi limatchedwa Brachiocephalic Vein . Anthu ena amalitchanso kuti ``Innominate Vein''. Tiyeni tikambirane izi mosavuta komanso mokoma mtima lero.

Kodi mtsempha wa brachiocephalic uwu ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, mtsempha wanu wa brachiocephalic ndi gawo la dongosolo la magazi la thupi lanu lapamwamba. Ndi mtsempha wolumikizana , kutanthauza kuti pali mitsempha iwiri mbali iliyonse ya thupi lanu, kumanja ndi kumanzere.

• Mtsempha wa Brachiocephalic Wamanja
• Mtsempha wa Brachiocephalic Wakumanzere

Mitsempha iyi ya brachiocephalic yakumanja ndi yakumanzere imalumikizana kuti ithandize kunyamula magazi opanda mpweya kuchokera kumtunda kwa thupi lanu, kutanthauza mutu wanu, khosi, ndi manja, kubwerera kumtima kwanu. Taganizirani izi ngati mndandanda wa misewu yaying'ono yolumikizana kuti ipange msewu waukulu.

Kodi ntchito ya mtsempha uwu ndi yotani?

Ntchito yaikulu ya mitsempha yanu ya brachiocephalic, monga ndanenera kale, ndikunyamula magazi osowa mpweya kuchokera kumutu, khosi, ndi manja kubwerera kumtima kwanu. Mitsempha iyi kwenikweni ndi magawo awiri ang'onoang'ono, koma ofunikira kwambiri, a dongosolo lalikulu la mitsempha lomwe limanyamula magazi m'thupi lanu lonse lakumwamba. Taganizirani ngati chubu chachitali chokhala ndi magawo ambiri olumikizana. Ngati mutadula gawo limodzi pakati, palibe chomwe chingayende kudzera mu chubu chonse, sichoncho? Umu ndi momwe mitsempha yonse m'thupi lathu imagwirira ntchito limodzi kuti magazi aziyenda bwino. Mitsempha iliyonse imathandiza kunyamula magazi m'njira yoyenera, kupita kumalo oyenera.

Kodi magazi amayenda bwanji?

Tsopano tiyeni tiwone momwe mtsempha wa brachiocephalic umakhudzira chinthu chachikuluchi. 1. Mitsempha yanu ya brachiocephalic yakumanja ndi yakumanzere imasonkhana kuti ipange mtsempha waukulu wotchedwa Superior Vena Cava yanu. Iyi ili pamwamba pa mtima wanu, ndipo imatambasuka ndikusonkhanitsa magazi m'chipinda chapamwamba kumbali yakumanja ya mtima wanu, atrium yakumanja . 2. Kuchokera pamenepo, magazi anu amayenda kudzera mbali yakumanja ya mtima wanu kupita ku mapapo kuti akatenge mpweya. 3. Akatenga mpweya, magazi amabwerera kumtima, kenako ventricle yakumanzere imapopera magaziwo m'thupi lanu lonse. Chifukwa chake, mutha kuwona, mtsempha wa brachiocephalic ndi mkhalapakati wofunikira kwambiri womwe umathandiza magazi anu kuyenda mumtima mwanu, m'mapapo anu, komanso pomaliza m'thupi lanu lonse.

Kodi mtsempha uwu wa brachiocephalic umapangidwa bwanji?

Mtsempha wanu wa subclavian (uwu ndi mtsempha womwe umayenda pansi pa collarbone) ndi mtsempha wamkati wa jugular(Iyi ndi mtsempha waukulu pakhosi) Mtsempha wa brachiocephalic umapangidwa pamene mitsempha iwiri ilumikizana. Kulumikizana kumeneku kumachitika padera mbali yakumanja ndi yakumanzere ya thupi lanu.

Kodi mtsempha wa brachiocephalic uli kuti?

Mitsempha ya brachiocephalic iyi ili m'chifuwa chanu chapamwamba, mkati mwa thupi lanu. Ili pansi pa khosi lanu (clavicle), pafupi pang'ono ndi mapewa anu. Umu ndi momwe imayambira:

• Mtsempha wa brachiocephalic wakumanja: Apa ndi pomwe mtsempha wanu wakumanja wa subclavian ndi mtsempha wakumanja wamkati wa jugular zimalumikizana. Umatsika molunjika pansi, kupita kumtima .
• Mtsempha Wakumanzere wa Brachiocephalic: Apa ndi pomwe mtsempha wanu wakumanzere wa subclavian ndi mtsempha wakumanzere wamkati wa jugular zimakumana. Uwu ndi wautali pang'ono kuposa wina, ndipo umatenga njira yosiyana pang'ono. Umayenda mopingasa, pang'onopang'ono pansi, kuti ukakumane ndi mtsempha wakumanja wa brachiocephalic. Panjira, umadutsa pamwamba pa aortic arch yanu ndi patsogolo pa mitsempha yanu ya carotid ( mitsempha yayikulu m'khosi mwanu). Kenako umalumikizana ndi mtsempha wakumanja wa brachiocephalic. Pamenepo ndi pomwe vena cava yapamwamba imayambira.

Ndi mitsempha ina iti yomwe imalumikizana ndi mitsempha ya brachiocephalic?

Magazi ochokera m'mitsempha yambiri ing'onoing'ono amalowa m'mitsempha iyi ya brachiocephalic. Ena mwa iwo ndi awa:

• Mitsempha ya M'kati mwa Nkhono
• Mitsempha ya Subclavia
• Mitsempha ya Chithokomiro Yotsika Kumanzere ndi Kumanja
• Mitsempha ya M'chifuwa Yakumanzere ndi Yakumanja (yomwe imatchedwanso Mitsempha ya M'mabere Yamkati)
• Mitsempha ya Vertebral Yakumanzere ndi Yakumanja
• Mtsempha Wapamwamba Wakumanzere wa Intercostal

Mitsempha yonseyi imanyamula magazi omwe ataya mpweya ndipo amafunika kubwerera kumtima.

Kodi mtsempha uwu ndi waukulu bwanji?

Mitsempha yanu ya brachiocephalic yakumanja ndi yakumanzere imasiyana pang'ono kukula kwake.

• Mtsempha wa brachiocephalic wakumanja uli ndi kutalika kwa masentimita awiri mpaka atatu. Taganizirani izi, ndi kutalika kwa mapiritsi awiri a aspirin omwe amaikidwa pambali.
• Mtsempha wa kumanzere wa brachiocephalic ndi wautali, pafupifupi masentimita 6.

Kodi mtsempha wa brachiocephalic umapangidwa ndi chiyani?

Monga mitsempha ina yanu, mitsempha ya brachiocephalic iyi imapangidwa ndi zigawo zitatu zopangidwa ndi mitundu itatu ya minofu ndi ulusi:

• Tunica Adventitia (gawo lakunja): Ichi ndi chomwe chimapatsa mtsempha mawonekedwe ndi kapangidwe kake.
• Tunica Media (gawo lapakati):Ili ndi maselo osalala a minofu. Izi ndi zomwe zimathandiza kuti mitsempha ikule kapena kupatukana pamene magazi akuyenda.
• Tunica Intima (mkati mwake): Ili ndi denga lopangidwa ndi maselo osalala a endothelial . Izi zimathandiza kuti magazi aziyenda mosavuta kudzera m'mitsempha popanda chopinga chilichonse.

Chofunika kwambiri n'chakuti, mitsempha ya brachiocephalic ilibe ma valve monga mitsempha ina yambiri. Ma valve amangoletsa magazi kuyenda chammbuyo.

Kodi kusintha kwa kapangidwe ka thupi la mtsempha wa brachiocephalic ndi kotani?

Anthu ena amabadwa ndi kusintha kwa kapangidwe kake m'mitsempha yawo ya brachiocephalic. Chimodzi mwa zofala kwambiri ndi mtsempha wa brachiocephalic wa retroaortic . Izi zimachitika pamene mtsempha wa brachiocephalic wakumanzere ukuyenda pansi pa aortic arch m'malo mopitirira pamwamba pake, monga momwe zimakhalira nthawi zambiri. Chifukwa chake, m'malo mothamanga patsogolo pa aorta yanu yokwera ( gawo loyamba la aorta yanu), mtsempha uwu umayenda kumbuyo kwake. Kusintha kumeneku kwa mitsempha ya brachiocephalic kumachitika mwa pafupifupi mwana m'modzi mwa 250. Ngati kusintha kumeneku ndi komwe kulipo, ndiko kuti, ngati palibe matenda ena a mtima, nthawi zambiri sikubweretsa vuto lililonse. Koma nthawi zambiri kusintha kumeneku kumawonekera mwa ana omwe ali ndi matenda a mtima obadwa nawo (CHD) . Zina mwa matenda awa ndi awa:

• Mitundu ya Aortic Arch, monga Double Aortic Arch.
• Mabowo pakati pa atria kapena pakati pa ventricles (Atrial Septal Defects kapena Ventricular Septal Defects)
• Kugwirizana kwa Aorta.
• Tetralogy of Fallot (mwina ndi pulmonary atresia).
• Kubwerera kwa Mitsempha Yosazolowereka ya M'mapapo.
• Truncus Arteriosus.

Pafupifupi 60% ya milandu iyi imakhala ndi matenda a mtima osapitirira muyeso. Komabe, makanda ena akhoza kukhala ndi matenda a mtima oopsa omwe amafunika chithandizo kapena opaleshoni.

N’chifukwa chiyani kusintha kumeneku n’kofunika?

Kusintha kwa kapangidwe ka mitsempha ya brachiocephalic ndikofunikira kwambiri ngati mukufuna opaleshoni inayake kapena njira zina zamankhwala. Mwachitsanzo:

• Mukalumikizidwa ndi makina olumikizira mtima ndi mapapo (cardiopulmonary bypass).
• Mukayika pacemaker .

Chifukwa chake ndi chakuti mukachita zinthu ngati izi, mitsempha yanu ya brachiocephalic kapena madera ozungulira amatha kukhudzidwa. Chifukwa chake, dokotala wanu adzachita zinthu monga "Mayeso Ojambula Zithunzi" kuti ayang'ane kapangidwe ka thupi lanu asanachite chinthu chonga ichi. Kenako adzasintha akamachita opaleshoni kapena opaleshoniyo ngati pakufunika kutero.

Kodi ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zimakhudza mitsempha ya brachiocephalic?

Pali zinthu zingapo zomwe zingakhudze mitsempha ya brachiocephalic:

• Mavuto a Central Venous Catheter: Nthawi zina madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito mtsempha wanu wa brachiocephalic kuti alowe m'mitsempha yapakati. Izi zikutanthauza kuti chubu chopyapyala komanso chosinthasintha chimayikidwa mumtsempha uwu kuti chikupatseni madzi kapena mankhwala. Mavuto omwe angachitike ndi izi ndi monga kuboola kwa mtsempha kapena kutsekeka kwa mitsempha yakuya ya kumtunda. Nthawi zina, zinthu monga pseudoaneurysms zimatha kuchitikanso.
• Stenosis: Mankhwala ena angathandize kuti mtsempha uwu uchepe. Mwachitsanzo, ngati muli pa dialysis , dokotala wanu angapange arteriovenous fistula (mtundu wa mtsempha wamagazi womwe umalumikiza mtsempha ndi mtsempha) kuti dialysis ikhale yosavuta. Izi nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizapo mtsempha wa brachiocephalic. Vein stenosis ndi vuto losowa la njirayi.
• Ziphuphu: Ziphuphu zoyambira za m'mimba zimatha kuyambitsa mtsempha uwu kutukusira ndikuletsa kuyenda kwa magazi, kapena zitha kuchitika chifukwa cha khansa ya m'mawere yomwe yafalikira mbali zina za thupi.

Ndi mayeso ati omwe madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito poyesa mtsempha uwu?

Madokotala angagwiritse ntchito mayeso ngati awa kuti aone mavuto monga ziphuphu mu mitsempha yanu ya brachiocephalic:

• Duplex Ultrasound
• Kujambula kwa CT `(Kujambula kwa Tomography - Kujambula kwa CT)`
• Kujambula kwa MRI `(Kujambula kwa Magnetic Resonance - MRI )`
• Venogram (kuyeza kwapadera kwa X-ray kwa mitsempha)

Ndiye kodi tingatani kuti tisunge bwino mtsempha wa brachiocephalic uwu?

Mwa kutsatira moyo wathanzi wa mtima, mutha kusunga mitsempha yanu yonse yamagazi, kuphatikizapo mitsempha ya brachiocephalic, ikugwira ntchito bwino. Nazi malangizo angapo:

• Siyani kusuta fodya ndi zinthu zonse zopangidwa ndi fodya. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri.
• Imwani madzi ambiri. Kumwa madzi okwanira patsiku ndikwabwino kwambiri pathupi.
• Idyani zakudya zopatsa thanzi pamtima.Izi zimathandiza kuwongolera kuthamanga kwa magazi, kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'thupi, komanso kulemera kwa thupi.
• Yesani kuyenda kwa mphindi 30, masiku osachepera asanu pa sabata. Koma onetsetsani kuti mwalankhula ndi dokotala wanu musanayambe kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi.
• Yendayenda pang'ono tsiku lonse. Kupuma pang'ono pakukhala chete ndi kusuntha thupi lanu kumathandiza kuti magazi aziyenda bwino.

Pomaliza, zinthu zoti muzikumbukira

Mitsempha yanu ya brachiocephalic ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri la kayendedwe ka magazi m'thupi lanu. Ndi lomwe limanyamula magazi osowa mpweya kuchokera ku thupi lanu lakumwamba kubwerera kumtima kwanu. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuchita zonse zomwe mungathe kuti mitsempha yanu ya brachiocephalic, ndi mitsempha yanu yonse, ikhale yathanzi.

Kukhala ndi zizolowezi zabwino pa mtima kungathandize mitsempha yanu kugwira ntchito bwino kwa zaka zambiri. Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za kusintha komwe mungapange pa zochita zanu za tsiku ndi tsiku. Iye angakupatseni upangiri wabwino kwambiri.

Kotero, ndikukhulupirira kuti izi zakhala zothandiza kwa inu. Kudziwa za machitidwe odabwitsa awa mkati mwa matupi athu kumatipangitsa kukhala ndi chidwi chofuna kuwasunga athanzi, sichoncho?