Mphamvu yodabwitsa mkati mwa matupi athu! Zonse zomwe muyenera kudziwa zokhudza endothelium!

Kodi munayamba mwadzifunsapo kuti ndi zinthu zing'onozing'ono ziti zomwe zili m'thupi lathu, makamaka m'mitsempha yathu yamagazi, zomwe zimagwira ntchito pa thanzi lathu? Chabwino, lero tikambirana za chinthu chofunikira kwambiri, koma mwina sitikambirana zambiri. Ndi endothelium . Ngakhale dzinalo likumveka ngati lasayansi pang'ono, kwenikweni ndi losavuta kwambiri. Tiyeni tikambirane mwatsatanetsatane, kenako mudzamvetsetsa kufunika kwake.

Kodi endothelium ndi chiyani? Tiyeni timvetse mosavuta.

Mwachidule, endothelium yanu ndi gawo lochepa kwambiri la maselo lomwe lili mkati mwa mitsempha yanu yonse yamagazi ndi mitsempha ya lymphatic . Ili ngati nembanemba kakang'ono mkati mwa chitoliro chamadzi. Timatcha maselo awa maselo a endothelial . Ali kuti?

• Mu mitsempha yanu.
• Mu mitsempha yanu.
• Mu mitsempha yanu yamagazi.
• Ndipo mu mitsempha yamagazi .

Tangoganizirani, endothelium ndi yomwe imalumikiza magazi anu ndi thupi lanu lonse, zomwe zimathandiza kuti chidziwitso ndi zakudya ziziyenda pakati pawo. Chifukwa chake, endothelium ndi yofunika kwambiri ku chiwalo chilichonse ndi minofu m'thupi lanu. Endothelium si chophimba chokha. Ili ngati wantchito wotanganidwa. Imagwira ntchito yabwino kwambiri yosunga magazi anu bwino ndikusunga mkhalidwe wokhazikika. Ichi ndichifukwa chake asayansi amaona kuti endothelium ndi chiwalo cha endocrine . Ndipotu, mungadabwe kudziwa kuti ichi ndi chimodzi mwa ziwalo zazikulu kwambiri m'thupi lanu! Ngati china chake chichitika ku maselo ang'onoang'ono a endothelial awa, chingakhale ndi zotsatirapo zazikulu pa thupi. Chifukwa maselo awa amachita ntchito yabwino kwambiri yotisunga athanzi komanso amphamvu. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kwambiri kudziwa za endothelium iyi ndi ntchito yake. Kenako titha kuyesetsa momwe tingathere kuti izi zisachitike.

Kodi pali mitundu ya endothelium?

Inde, pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu yomwe tikukamba. Yonseyi imapangidwa ndi maselo a endothelial, koma pali kusiyana pang'ono kutengera komwe ali.

• Mitsempha ya magazi: Iyi ndi mbali ya mkati mwa mitsempha yanu ya magazi. Mwachidule, endothelium ndi yomwe imathandiza kuyenda kwa magazi.
• Endothelium ya lymphatic:Izi zili m'thupi lanu la lymphatic. Mitsempha ya lymphatic ili ngati netiweki ya machubu ang'onoang'ono. Amachotsa madzi ochulukirapo (omwe timawatcha lymph) omwe amasonkhana m'minofu. Chifukwa chake, endothelium ya mitsempha ya lymphatic iyi imathandiza kuyenda kwa lymph.

Zonsezi ndi zofunika kwambiri pa thanzi la mtima wanu.

Kodi endothelium yaying'ono iyi imagwira ntchito yaikulu bwanji?

Maselo a endothelium amagwira ntchito mosiyana kutengera komwe ali m'thupi. Tiyeni tiwone ntchito zazikulu za endothelium ya mitsempha yamagazi.

Kuchepetsa (Vasoconstriction) ndi kukulitsa (Vasodilation) ya mitsempha yamagazi

Mukakhala ndi maselo a endothelial athanzi, amathandiza kuti mitsempha yanu yamagazi ikhale yotseguka (yotseguka) kuti magazi azitha kuyenda kudzera mwa iwo popanda chopinga chilichonse. Amayankhanso zinthu zomwe zimachokera mkati ndi kunja. Mwachitsanzo, kuthamanga kwa magazi pamakoma a mitsempha yanu yamagazi, kusintha kwa kupsinjika kwanu, ndi mankhwala omwe mumamwa zonse zimatha kukhudza izi. Zimayankhanso kusintha kwa kutentha. Taganizirani izi, munyengo yozizira , mitsempha yamagazi m'miyendo yanu imachepa. Izi zimathandiza kuti magazi ambiri ayende kupita ku ziwalo zanu zofunika, kuti zikhale zofunda. Munyengo yotentha , imatambasuka, zomwe zimathandiza kuti magazi aziyenda bwino komanso kuziziritsa thupi lanu. Mukamachita masewera olimbitsa thupi , mitsempha yamagazi m'minofu yanu imatambasuka, ndikuwapatsa magazi ndi mpweya womwe amafunikira. Chifukwa chake, mosasamala kanthu za zomwe mungachite, endothelium imathandiza kuonetsetsa kuti chiwalo chilichonse ndi minofu m'thupi lanu zimalandira magazi okwanira.

Amalamulira kuyenda kwa madzi kuchokera m'magazi kupita ku minofu

Ngati ili ndi thanzi labwino, endothelium imatha kulowa m'thupi pang'ono. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, imalola madzi kulowa m'maselo ake kupita m'minofu. Komabe, imagwiranso ntchito ngati chotchinga chabwino. Imaletsa zinthu zosafunikira monga poizoni kulowa m'magazi. Komabe, m'matenda ena, monga matenda / sepsis , endothelium imakhala yolowa m'thupi pang'ono. Izi zimathandiza maselo omwe amalimbana ndi matenda kulowa m'minofu ndikuwathandiza kuchira.

Zimaletsa magazi kuundana kosafunikira (Kuletsa Thrombosis )

Thrombosis ndi vuto lomwe magazi amaundana ndipo limaletsa kuyenda kwa magazi, zomwe zingayambitse mavuto aakulu. Endothelium yanu imapanga mankhwala otchedwa nitric oxide ndi prostacyclin . Izi zimapangitsa kuti magazi anu akhale ochepa komanso kuti asaundane. Mu matenda ena, zinthuzi sizipangidwa bwino. Izi zimawonjezera chiopsezo cha magazi kuundana.

Kodi endothelium iyi ili kuti m'thupi mwathu? Kodi ndi yaikulu bwanji?

Endothelium yanu imafalikira m'thupi lanu lonse! Tangoganizirani, endothelium yanu yokha ya mtsempha wamagaziMitsempha yamagazi ndi yayitali makilomita pafupifupi 60,000 . Mukapempha wina kuti akuwonetseni komwe mtima wanu uli, adzakulozerani pachifuwa chanu. Mukapempha wina kuti akuwonetseni komwe ubongo wanu uli, adzakulozerani kumutu kwanu. Koma mukapempha wina kuti akuwonetseni endothelium, adzakulozerani ku gawo lililonse la thupi lanu! Ndicho chimene chimapangitsa endothelium kukhala yapadera kwambiri. Maselo a endothelial ali mkati mwa mitsempha yanu yamagazi. Ndi maselo omwe amakhudzana mwachindunji ndi magazi anu. Amalumikizidwa ku basal lamina . Endothelium ndi basal lamina iyi pamodzi amapanga gawo lamkati la khoma la mitsempha yamagazi, tunica intima . Tunica intima iyi ndi yomwe imalola magazi kuyenda bwino. Kodi endothelium ndi yayikulu bwanji? Ndi chimodzi mwa ziwalo zazikulu kwambiri m'thupi lanu. Ponena za malo, thupi la munthu wamba limaphimbidwa ndi iyo, yokhala ndi malo pakati pa 3,000 ndi 6,000 masikweya mita . Ndipo, ili ndi maselo a endothelial opitilira 1 thililiyoni ! Awa amapangidwa ndi minofu ya epithelial . Kodi maselo a endothelial ndi ang'onoang'ono bwanji? Maselo awa amatha kuwoneka ndi maikulosikopu yokha. Kukula kwawo kwapakati ndi:

• Kutalika kwake ndi pafupifupi ma micrometer 30 mpaka 50 (ma micron) .
• Pafupifupi ma micrometer 10 mpaka 30 m'lifupi.
• Kukhuthala kwake ndi pafupifupi ma micrometer 0.1 mpaka 10 .

Kuti muganizire za kukula kwa selo ili, ganizirani za tsitsi lanu. Tsitsi limodzi ndi mainchesi pafupifupi 100 m'mimba mwake. Chifukwa chake, ngakhale litatalika kwambiri (ma mainchesi 50), selo la endothelial ndi theka lokha la mainchesi a tsitsi! Ndicho chifukwa chake tingakhale ndi maselo apadera opitilira thililiyoni m'thupi lathu.

Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa endothelium ndi epithelium?

Zonsezi zikuphimba minofu, koma pali kusiyana pang'ono.

• Endothelium imapezeka m'njira zomwe zili mkati mwa thupi ndipo sizimalumikizana ndi chilengedwe chakunja. Mwachitsanzo, mitsempha yamagazi ndi mitsempha ya lymphatic.
• Epithelium imapezeka m'njira zomwe zimalumikizana ndi chilengedwe chakunja. Mwachitsanzo, dongosolo lanu logaya chakudya ndi dongosolo lanu lopumira .

Zonsezi ndi zapadera chifukwa cha ntchito zawo. Epithelium nthawi zambiri imateteza kwambiri , imagwira ntchito ngati chotchinga kudziko lakunja. Endothelium ndi yapadera kuti ipereke magazi ndi zinthu zina m'thupi.

Nanga bwanji ngati endothelium yawonongeka? Imeneyo ndi vuto lotchedwa endothelial dysfunction!

Kulephera kugwira ntchito bwino kwa endothelium kumachitika pamene endothelium yanu ikulephera kugwira ntchito yake yachibadwa. Izi zimachitika pamene chinachake chikuwononga maselo anu a endothelium. Kuwonongeka kumeneku kungayambitsidwe ndi matenda osiyanasiyana komanso zizolowezi za moyo.

Kodi n’chiyani chingayambitse izi?

• Matenda monga COVID-19 .
• Kuwonjezeka kwa shuga m'magazi (hyperglycemia) .
• Kuthamanga kwa magazi (BP) .
• Kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'magazi (Hyperlipidemia) .
• Kusachita masewera olimbitsa thupi.
• Kusuta fodya ndi kugwiritsa ntchito fodya .
• Matenda oopsa monga sepsis .

Chinthu choipa kwambiri chomwe chimachitika endothelium ikawonongeka ndi atherosclerosis.

Matenda a atherosclerosis ndi kuchulukana pang'onopang'ono kwa plaque mkati mwa mitsempha yanu pakapita nthawi. Asayansi amadziwa kuti gawo loyamba la atherosclerosis ndi kuwonongeka kwa endothelium. Izi nthawi zambiri zimachitika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa LDL (cholesterol yoyipa) m'magazi, kusuta fodya, kapena kuthamanga kwa magazi kwa nthawi yayitali. Endothelium yanu ikawonongeka, chitetezo cha mthupi lanu chimayamba kugwira ntchito. Imatumiza mtundu wa maselo oyera otchedwa monocytes kukhoma la mitsempha yowonongeka. Ma monocytes awa amasonkhana pamenepo ndi kuyambitsa kutupa mkati mwa mitsempha. Kenako, kusintha kwa maselo kumachitika, zomwe pamapeto pake zimapangitsa kuti pakhale chinthu chotchedwa "mafuta ochulukirapo." Pamenepo ndi pomwe plaque imayamba kupangika. Pakapita nthawi, plaque iyi imakula ndikuchepetsa mitsempha yanu. Izi zimachepetsa kuyenda kwa magazi. Sikuti zokhazo, komanso plaque iyi imawonjezeranso chiopsezo cha magazi kuundana. Ndicho chifukwa chake anthu omwe ali ndi endothelium yowonongeka ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda awa.

Ndiye ndi matenda ena ati omwe angachitike chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kumeneku?

• Matenda a Mitsempha ya Mtima
• Matenda amtima
• Kuchepa kwa magazi m'mitsempha ya mtima ( Myocardial Ischemia)
• Matenda a Mitsempha ya M'mphepete mwa Mtsempha
• Matenda ofanana ndi sitiroko
• Kutupa kwa magazi ( thrombosis)

Kuwonongeka kwa endothelial kungawonjezere chiopsezo cha:

• Khansa
• Matenda opatsirana
• Kukana kwa Insulin
• Matenda a Impso

Ndiye kodi tingatani kuti endothelium yamtengo wapataliyi ikhale yathanzi?

Mungathandize kuti maselo a endothelial akhale athanzi mwa kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa ma free radicals m'thupi lanu. Ma free radicals ndi ma atomu osakhazikika. Amawononga ma atomu athanzi m'thupi. Ma antioxidantsMa antioxidants ndi zinthu zomwe zimateteza thupi lanu (makamaka endothelium) ku ma free radicals. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kwambiri kudya zakudya zokhala ndi ma antioxidants ambiri. Zakudya ngati izi zimakhala ndi ma antioxidants ambiri:

• Mpunga wa bulauni (mpunga wa chimanga)
• Zipatso za citrus monga mandimu ndi malalanje ndi madzi ake
• Ndiwo zamasamba zobiriwira zakuda (monga sipinachi, kale)
• Ufa wa oatmeal
• Tsabola wofiira ndi wachikasu (nsomba chili)
• Mbatata yotsekemera
• Tomato ndi madzi a phwetekere
• Mbewu zonse

Mungathe kufunsa dokotala wanu zomwe mungachite kuti muwonjezere ma antioxidants ambiri muzakudya zanu. Dokotala wanu angakutumizireni kwa katswiri wazakudya. Angakuthandizeni kusintha pang'ono komwe kumakhala kosavuta kuyamba. Mwachitsanzo, angakulimbikitseni kutsatira zakudya za ku Mediterranean, zomwe zimadziwika kuti zimathandiza mtima wanu ndi mitsempha yamagazi kukhala ndi thanzi labwino.

Kodi ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zimawonjezera ma free radicals? Kodi tingadziteteze bwanji ku zinthu zimenezi?

Matenda ena, zizolowezi za moyo, ndi poizoni zimatha kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa ma free radicals m'thupi lanu. Nazi zinthu zina zoti muzisamala nazo:

• Kuipitsa mpweya.
• Mankhwala ena, mankhwala ophera tizilombo, ndi oyeretsa mafakitale.
• Kudya shuga wambiri.
• Kusagona mokwanira.
• Kunenepa kwambiri .
• Utsi wochokera ku zinthu zopangidwa ndi fodya.

Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za momwe mungalimbanire ndi ma free radicals awa ndikuteteza thupi lanu ku zotsatira zake zoyipa. Ndikofunikiranso kupita kukayezetsa chaka chilichonse ndikumwa mankhwala omwe mwapatsidwa panthawi yake. Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za pulogalamu yochita masewera olimbitsa thupi yomwe ndi yoyenera kuti mukhale ndi thanzi labwino. Zinthuzi zimathandiza mtima wanu ndi dongosolo lanu la magazi kugwira ntchito bwino. Ndipo zimathandiza kuti endothelium yanu ikhale yathanzi.

Kumbukirani kuti aliyense ali ndi zinthu zomwe zingawononge endothelium nthawi ina m'moyo wawo. Komabe, mutha kuchepetsa zoopsazi mwa kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi komanso kusamalira matenda anu.

Pomaliza, zinthu zofunika kwambiri kukumbukira (Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba)

Kotero, tsopano mutha kuona kuti endothelium yomwe takambirana lero ndi gawo lodabwitsa komanso lofunika kwambiri la thupi lathu. Zili ngati munthu amene wakhala mkati mwa mitsempha yathu yamagazi, akutumikira mwakachetechete thanzi la thupi lathu lonse.

• Endothelium ndi gawo la maselo lomwe limazungulira mkati mwa mitsempha yamagazi ndi mitsempha ya lymph.
• Izi zimagwira ntchito zambiri zofunika, monga kulamulira kuyenda kwa magazi, kuletsa magazi kuundana, komanso kuthandiza minofu kusinthana zinthu.
• Ngati endothelium yawonongeka (kusagwira bwino ntchito kwa endothelium), matenda oopsa monga matenda a mtima ndi sitiroko angayambe.
• Tingathe kuteteza endothelium yamtengo wapataliyi mwa kutsatira zakudya zabwino, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kupewa kusuta fodya, komanso kutsatira zizolowezi zina zabwino.

Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za thanzi la endothelium yanu, ndipo kudzera mwa iyo, thanzi la thupi lanu lonse. Idzakuthandizani kwambiri pa moyo wanu wathanzi!