Tiyeni tingophunzira za Hepcidin, yomwe imayang'anira chitsulo m'thupi?

Kodi munamvapo za dzina lakuti Hepcidin? Mwina simunamvepo. Koma ichi ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri m'thupi lathu. Kunena zoona, Hepcidin iyi ndiyo yaikulu yomwe imayang'anira kuchuluka kwa chitsulo m'thupi lathu. Kotero lero, tiyeni tikambirane za Hepcidin iyi, ndi zomwe imachita m'thupi lathu, mosavuta komanso mwaubwenzi.

Kodi Hepcidin ndi chiyani? Mwachidule...

Hepcidin ndi homoni yomwe imapangidwa m'thupi lathu. Homoni ili ngati kamthenga kakang'ono komwe kamayang'anira ntchito iliyonse m'thupi lathu ndipo kamatenga chidziwitso mobwerezabwereza. Choncho homoni iyi yotchedwa hepcidin ndiyo imatsimikizira momwe thupi lathu limagwiritsira ntchito chitsulo, kuchuluka kwa chitsulo chomwe thupi limafunikira, komanso kuchuluka kwa chitsulo chomwe chimayenera kusungidwa.

Iron ndi mchere wofunikira kwambiri m'thupi lathu. Kodi mukudziwa kuti iron ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri popanga puloteni ya hemoglobin m'maselo ofiira a magazi athu? Hemoglobin iyi ndi yomwe imagwirizana ndi mpweya ndikuunyamula kupita ku minofu ndi ziwalo zathu zonse m'thupi. Imagwira ntchito ngati taxi ya mpweya!

Sikuti kokha, chitsulo chimafunikanso kuti pakhale puloteni yotchedwa myoglobin, yomwe imapereka mpweya ku minofu ndi mtima wathu.

Chifukwa chake, hepcidin iyi nthawi zina imatchedwa "katswiri wowongolera chitsulo." Chifukwa chake ndichakuti imayang'anira kuchuluka kwa chitsulo chomwe maselo athu amafunikira kuti achite zinthu zofunika monga kupanga hemoglobin ndi maselo ofiira amagazi. Tangoganizani, chimachitika ndi chiyani ngati tili ndi kusowa kwa chitsulo? Kusowa kwa chitsulo m'thupi kumatha kuchitika. Izi zikutanthauza kuti thupi silipanga maselo ofiira okwanira amagazi. Kumbali ina, bwanji ngati tili ndi chitsulo chochuluka? Izi ndizovulaza thupi kwambiri, monga poizoni, ndipo nthawi zina zimaika moyo pachiswe.

Kodi hepcidin iyi imapangidwa kuti m'thupi lathu?

Hepcidin imapangidwa makamaka m'chiwindi mwathu. Ikapangidwa, imalowa m'magazi mwathu.

Kodi Hepcidin amachita chiyani kwenikweni?

Tanena kale kuti hepcidin ndiye "katswiri wolamulira chitsulo." Izi zikutanthauza kuti, zimathandiza kusunga chitsulo m'thupi lathu, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti kuchuluka kwa chitsulo kumasungidwa pamlingo woyenera, osati pang'ono kwambiri kapena mopitirira muyeso.

Timapeza chitsulo kuchokera muzakudya zomwe timadya. Timapeza chitsulo kuchokera muzakudya monga nyama, nsomba, ndiwo zamasamba, ndi mtedza. Komabe, mosiyana ndi mchere wina, matupi athu alibe njira yokhazikika yochotsera chitsulo chochulukirapo. Mwachitsanzo, ngati tili ndi sodium wochuluka, umatuluka mu mkodzo. Komabe, chitsulo chimatayika pang'ono m'thupi lathu, kaya kudzera mu kutaya magazi kapena pamene maselo afa.

M'malo mwake, matupi athu amasunga chitsulo, kuti agwiritse ntchito pakafunika kutero. Tili ndi chitsulo chosungidwa m'malo monga mafupa athu, ndulu, ndi chiwindi . Pafupifupi 70% ya chitsulo chonse m'thupi chili mu hemoglobin m'maselo ofiira amagazi omwe tidakambirana kale.

Kotero, hepcidin iyi ndi yomwe imathandizira kwambiri njira zomwe zimathandiza kusunga chitsulo, kuchisuntha kuchokera pamalo ena kupita kwina, ndikuchigwiritsanso ntchito. Imachita izi mwa kulamulira chitsulo m'maselo athu kuti chipezeke pamene chikufunikira, komanso kuti chitsulo chochuluka chisakhale vuto kwa thupi.

Hepcidin imagwira ntchito kwambiri mu:

• Kulamulira kuyamwa kwa chitsulo: Kuyamwa kwa chitsulo ndi njira yomwe chitsulo chochokera muzakudya zomwe timadya chimalowa m'magazi mwathu kuchokera m'matumbo athu ang'onoang'ono. Thupi limagwiritsa ntchito chitsulocho pokhapokha chikafika m'magazi. Chifukwa chake, hepcidin imalamulira kuchuluka kwa chitsulo chomwe chimalowa m'magazi ndi kuchuluka komwe chimasungidwa.
• Kubwezeretsanso Chitsulo mu Macrophages: Macrophages ndi mtundu wa maselo oyera amagazi omwe ali ngati asilikali oyeretsa thupi lathu. Ndiwo omwe amawononga maselo ofiira akale, omwe akufa, ndikupanga malo a maselo ofiira atsopano amagazi. Mafuta athu a m'mafupa amapanga maselo ofiira atsopano pafupifupi masiku 120 aliwonse. Chifukwa chake, ma macrophages akawononga maselo ofiira akale awa, amatenga chitsulo kuchokera ku hemoglobin yomwe ili mkati mwake. Hepcidin imazindikira ngati chitsulocho chimasungidwa mkati mwa ma macrophages kapena kubwezeretsedwanso m'thupi.
• Kutulutsidwa kwa chitsulo chosungidwa: Chitsulo chimasungidwa m'maselo a chiwindi chathu (otchedwa hepatocytes) ndi m'maselo a m'matumbo athu ang'onoang'ono (otchedwa enterocytes ). Hepcidin imayang'anira ngati chitsulocho chimakhalabe mkati mwa maselo amenewo kapena chitulutsidwa kuti chigwiritsidwe ntchito.

Kodi hepcidin imalamulira bwanji kuyamwa kwa chitsulo?

Chosangalatsa kwambiri ndichakuti hepcidin silamulira kuyamwa kwa chitsulo mwa kuyambitsa njira iliyonse. M'malo mwake, imachita izi mwa kuletsa njira zomwe zimathandiza kuyamwa kwa chitsulo.

Hepcidin imagwira ntchito ndi puloteni yotchedwa ferroportin . Ferroportin iyi ili ngati "chonyamula chitsulo" m'thupi lathu. Ntchito yake ndikutulutsa chitsulo kuchokera m'malo osungiramo (macrophages, hepatocytes, enterocytes) ndikusuntha chitsulo pakati pa maselo a thupi. Ferroportin ndi yomwe imanyamula chitsulo kuchokera m'matumbo ang'onoang'ono kupita m'magazi kuti thupi lithe kuchigwiritsa ntchito.

Hepcidin imamangirira ku ferroportin iyi. Kenako ferroportin imasweka. Zimenezi zikachitika, chitsulo chomwe chikanatha kunyamulidwa m'magazi ndi ferroportin chimakakamira pamalo omwewo omwe chinasungidwa.

Taganizirani izi motere:

* Hepcidin ikachuluka , zimakhala zovuta kuti ferroportin inyamule chitsulo m'magazi. Izi zikutanthauza kuti kuyamwa kwa chitsulo kumachepa.

* Pamene hepcidin ili yochepaFerroportin imatha kunyamula chitsulo mosavuta m'magazi, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti kuyamwa kwa chitsulo kumawonjezeka.

Kodi mukumvetsa? N'zosavuta kwambiri, sichoncho?

Ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zimakhudza kuchuluka kwa Hepcidin m'thupi lathu?

Kuchuluka kwa hepcidin yomwe muli nayo m'thupi lanu kumatsimikiziridwa ndi zizindikiro zomwe thupi lanu limatumiza. Pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana, thupi lanu limalandira zizindikiro zopanga hepcidin yochulukirapo kapena yochepa.

Nazi zina mwa zinthu zimenezi:

• Chitsulo chonse m'thupi: Ngati thupi lili ndi chitsulo chochepa, chimawonetsa thupi kuti lipange hepcidin yochepa. Ngati thupi lili ndi chitsulo chochuluka, chimawonetsa thupi kuti lipange hepcidin yambiri.
• Kupanga maselo ofiira a m'magazi: Pamene thupi likufunika hemoglobin yochulukirapo kuti lipange maselo ofiira a m'magazi, kuchuluka kwa hepcidin kumachepa. Apa ndi pamene ferroportin imatha kutulutsa chitsulo ndikuthandizira kupanga maselo atsopano.
• Mpweya wochepa (Hypoxia): Mpweya wochepa (Hypoxia) ndi pamene minofu yanu silandira mpweya wokwanira. Mpweya wochepa (oxygen) ukakhala wotsika, thupi limauza thupi kuti lichepetse Hepcidin. Izi zimatulutsa Ferroportin, yomwe imatulutsa chitsulo kuti ipange hemoglobin. Hemoglobin ndi yomwe imatenga mpweya kudzera m'maselo ofiira a magazi.
• Kutupa komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kuvulala kapena matenda: Nthawi zina ngati izi, kuchuluka kwa hepcidin kumawonjezeka. Chifukwa cha izi ndikuletsa kutulutsa kwa chitsulo m'thupi. Majeremusi ambiri owopsa, monga mabakiteriya, amagwiritsa ntchito chitsulo kuti akule. Chifukwa chake powonjezera hepcidin, kuchepetsa chitsulo, mumaletsa majeremusi amenewo kuti asatenge chitsulo. Wanzeru, eti?

Kodi ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zimachitika ngati kuchuluka kwa hepcidin sikuli bwino?

Tsopano mukudziwa kufunika kwa hepcidin. Choncho, ngati yakwera kwambiri kapena yatsika kwambiri, ingayambitse mavuto.

Ngati pali hepcidin yochuluka , thupi silingathe kuyamwa chitsulo chokwanira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale matenda monga kusowa kwa chitsulo.

Ngati hepcidin ndi yochepa , thupi limatha kuyamwa chitsulo chochuluka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chitsulo chizichulukira.

Matenda okhudzana ndi kuchuluka kochepa kwa hepcidin

Ngati kuchuluka kwa hepcidin kuli kotsika, zinthu zotsatirazi zitha kuoneka:

• Kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi chifukwa cha kusowa kwa ayoni: Uwu ndi mtundu wofala kwambiri wa kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi womwe umagwirizana ndi kuchepa kwa hepcidin. Nthawi zina kuchuluka kwa hepcidin sikungatheke kuzindikirika. Izi zikusonyeza kuti thupi likuyesera kunyamula ayoni m'magazi potulutsa ferroportin.
• Hemochromatosis yobadwa nayo:Uwu ndi matenda a majini. Chifukwa cha kusintha kwa maselo, chiwindi chimapanga hepcidin yochepa kwambiri. Zotsatira zake, thupi limayamwa chitsulo chochuluka. Chitsulo chochulukachi chimayikidwa makamaka mumtima, chiwindi, ndi kapamba.
• Matenda a magazi odzaza ndi iron: Awa ndi mtundu wa magazi osowa. Komabe, pankhaniyi, si kusowa kwa iron, koma kusowa kwa iron. Mavuto pakupanga maselo ofiira a magazi amachititsa kuti kupanga hepcidin kuchepe. Zotsatira zake, ferroportin imatulutsa iron yambiri.
• Matenda a chiwindi otchedwa Hepatitis C: Ichi ndi matenda a chiwindi omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kachilombo (HCV). Kachiromboka kamachepetsa mphamvu ya thupi yopangira hepcidin.
• Matenda a shuga amtundu wachiwiri: Kafukufuku wina wasonyeza kuti anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga amtundu wachiwiri ali ndi kuchuluka kwa hepcidin m'thupi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti azidya kwambiri. Insulin, yomwe ndi mankhwala ofala kwambiri a matenda a shuga, ingakhale chifukwa chake.

Matenda okhudzana ndi kuchuluka kwa hepcidin

Kuchuluka kwa hepcidin kumagwirizanitsidwa ndi kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi komwe sikuli ndi vuto la kusowa kwa chitsulo. Izi zitha kukhala chifukwa cha majini, zomwe zimayambitsa kupanga hepcidin yambiri.

Kuchuluka kwa Hepcidin kumawonjezekanso m'mikhalidwe yotchedwa anemias of inflammation kapena anemia of chronic disease (ACD) . Mu ACD, kutupa kumapangitsa thupi kutulutsa puloteni yotchedwa cytokine . Puloteni iyi imawonjezera kuchuluka kwa hepcidin.

Matenda ena omwe angakhale okhudzana ndi ACD ndi awa:

• Matenda osatha
• Matenda a Crohn
• Khansa
• Matenda a impso osatha

Kotero mutha kuwona, Hepcidin ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri chomwe chimayang'anira kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka chitsulo m'thupi lathu. Mwa kuletsa kutulutsidwa kwa chitsulo, Hepcidin imawongolera mphamvu ya thupi lathu yopanga hemoglobin ndi maselo ofiira a magazi. Mwanjira imeneyi, Hepcidin imakhudza mwachindunji kuchuluka kwa mpweya womwe umapezeka m'thupi lonse. Hepcidin imalepheretsanso thupi kuyamwa chitsulo chochuluka. Chifukwa chitsulo chochuluka chingayambitse mavuto aakulu pakapita nthawi.

Zinthu zomwe tiyenera kukumbukira kuchokera munkhaniyi (Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba)

Chabwino, lero takambirana zambiri za Hepcidin, sichoncho? Mwachidule:

• Hepcidin ndi hormone yomwe imapangidwa m'chiwindi.
• Ichi ndiye chimalamulira kuchuluka kwa chitsulo m'thupi lathu. Chili ngati "Lord Iron."
• Timafunikira chitsulo kuti tipange hemoglobin, yomwe ndi yomwe imanyamula mpweya m'thupi lonse.
• Mlingo wa Hepcidin,Kuyamwa, kusungidwa, ndi kutulutsidwa kwa chitsulo kumayendetsedwa kudzera mu puloteni yotchedwa ferroportin.
• Ngati hepcidin ili yochepa , chitsulo chochuluka chimatha kuyamwa , zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chitsulo chichuluke kwambiri . Izi zingayambitse matenda monga hemochromatosis yobadwa nayo.
• Ngati hepcidin yawonjezeka , kuyamwa kwa chitsulo kungachepe, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi chifukwa cha kusowa kwa chitsulo (nthawi zina chifukwa cha kutupa).
• Kuti munthu akhale wathanzi, milingo ya chitsulo m'thupi ndi milingo ya Hepcidin ziyenera kukhala zofanana.

Choncho, ngati muli ndi vuto lililonse la iron, kapena ngati muli ndi zizindikiro monga kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi, ndi bwino kupita kwa dokotala ndikupeza upangiri. Ndikofunikanso kudziwa zinthu ngati izi.

Hepcidin , chitsulo, kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi, mahomoni, hemoglobin, chiwindi, ferroportin