Tiyeni tiphunzire za FSH (Follicle-Stimulating Hormone) mwachidule. Kodi imachita chiyani m'thupi lanu?

Kodi mudamvapo za Hormone Yolimbikitsa Follicle, kapena FSH mwachidule? Mungaganize kuti dzinali ndi lasayansi pang'ono. Komabe, ndi homoni yomwe ndi yofunika kwambiri pakukula kwa kugonana kwa thupi lathu komanso kuthekera kobereka ana. Imagwira ntchito ngati mthenga wamng'ono m'thupi lathu. Tiyeni tikambirane za izi mwatsatanetsatane, sichoncho?

Kodi FSH ndi chiyani?

Chabwino, tiyeni tiwone chomwe FSH kwenikweni ndi. FSH, yomwe imayimira Follicle-Stimulating Hormone, ndi mankhwala apadera omwe amapangidwa ndi gland kakang'ono pansi pa ubongo wanu, kotchedwa pituitary gland , ndikutulutsidwa m'thupi. Iyi ndi hormone . Ma hormone ali ngati amithenga m'matupi athu. Amayenda m'magazi ndikuuza ziwalo zathu, minofu, ndi minofu ina zomwe tiyenera kuchita komanso nthawi yoti tichite.

Tsopano, mukamva mawu oti 'follicle-stimulating', anthu ena angaganize kuti izi ndi zokhudzana ndi tsitsi. Chifukwa mawu oti follicle amagwiritsidwanso ntchito ndi tsitsi. Koma kwenikweni, homoni iyi ya FSH simakhudza mwachindunji ma follicle a tsitsi lanu kapena kukula kwa tsitsi. Kukula kwa tsitsi kumakhudzidwa ndi gulu lina la mahomoni otchedwa androgens . FSH imachokera ku matumba ang'onoang'ono m'mazira a atsikana, kutanthauza matumba odzaza ndi madzi okhala ndi maselo a mazira, omwe timawatcha ma follicle a mazira , chifukwa homoni iyi imakhudza iwo. Mwachidule, FSH ndi homoni yofunika kwambiri yomwe imachokera ku pituitary gland yomwe imathandiza pakukula kwathu pakugonana ndikupanga ana. Imakhudza mazira mwa atsikana ndi machende mwa anyamata.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani ndi FSH?

Homoni yodabwitsa iyi yotchedwa FSH imagwira ntchito zambiri zofunika m'thupi lathu pazaka zosiyanasiyana komanso m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Tiyeni tiwone chilichonse mwa izo padera.

Momwe FSH imakhudzira mwana m'mimba

Kodi mukudziwa kuti mahomoni a FSH awa amayamba kugwira ntchito ngakhale tisanabadwe? Mayi akakhala ndi mwana m'mimba mwake, mkati mwa miyezi itatu yachiwiri ndi yachitatu ya mimba (kutanthauza, kuyambira masabata 13 mpaka masabata 26, komanso kuyambira masabata 27 mpaka kumapeto kwa mimba), pituitary gland ya mwana imatulutsa FSH ndi mahomoni ena ofunikira , Luteinizing Hormone (LH) . Kuchuluka kwa mahomoni amenewa kumafika pachimake pakati pa mimba. Pamenepo ndi pamene follicle yoyamba ya mazira a mwana (ngati ndi mtsikana) kapena machubu opanga umuna ( ma tubules ozungulira - ngati ndi mnyamata) amakula. Tangoganizirani, mahomoni awa amayamba kugwira ntchito m'matupi athu kuyambira ali aang'ono kwambiri.

Udindo wa FSH panthawi ya kutha msinkhu

Muubwana, kuchuluka kwa FSH nthawi zambiri kumakhala kochepa. Koma mwana akamayandikira kutha msinkhu (nthawi zambiri pakati pa zaka 10 ndi 14), gawo la ubongo lotchedwa hypothalamus limapanga mahomoni otchedwa gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) . GnRH imalimbikitsa kupanga FSH ndi LH. Apa ndi pamene kukula ndi kukula zimayamba.

• Mwa anyamata , FSH ndi LH zimagwirira ntchito limodzi kuti zilimbikitse machende awo kuti apange mahomoni otchedwa testosterone . Testosterone iyi ndi yomwe imayambitsa kusintha kwa thupi mwa anyamata panthawi yaunyamata (monga tsitsi la pankhope, tsitsi la pachifuwa, ndi mawu ozama) komanso imayambitsa kupanga umuna.
• Kwa atsikana , FSH ndi LH zimagwirira ntchito limodzi kuti zilimbikitse mazira awo kupanga mahomoni otchedwa estrogen . Estrogen iyi ndi yomwe imayambitsa zizindikiro za kutha msinkhu, monga kukula kwa mawere ndi kuyamba kwa msambo.

Kodi FSH ndi yofunika bwanji kwa akazi omwe ali msambo?

Kwa akazi omwe ali ndi msambo pamwezi, ntchito yaikulu ya FSH ndikuthandizira kulamulira nthawi ya msambo. Makamaka, FSH imalimbikitsa ma follicles m'mazira kuti akule ndikukonzekeretsa mazira kuti azitha kuyamwa . Pamene ma follicles awa akukula, amayamba kutulutsa mahomoni a estrogen, ndipo, pamlingo wina , progesterone m'magazi.

Kutuluka kwa dzira ndi gawo la msambo. Mu msambo wabwinobwino wa masiku 28, izi zimachitika pafupifupi tsiku la 14. Mwachidule, ndi kutuluka kwa dzira (dzira) kuchokera mu ovary.

Mwezi uliwonse, pakati pa masiku 6 ndi 14 a msambo, FSH imalimbikitsa kukula kwa ma follicle angapo mu dzira limodzi. Komabe, pakati pa masiku 10 ndi 14, follicle imodzi yokha yomwe ikukula imakula kukhala dzira lokhwima mokwanira. Pafupifupi tsiku la 14 la msambo, kuwonjezeka kwadzidzidzi kwa mahomoni a LH kumapangitsa kuti follicle yokhwimayi iphulike ndikutulutsa dzira (izi zimatchedwa ovulation ).

Pambuyo pa ovulation, follicle yophulika imakhala corpus luteum (gland yopanga mahomoni kwakanthawi). Izi zimapanga progesterone yambiri. Progesterone imaletsa kutulutsidwa kwa FSH ndipo imathandiza kukonzekera mkati mwa chiberekero kuti chikhale ndi pakati.

Dzira lotulutsidwa limayenda kwa masiku pafupifupi asanu kudzera mu chubu cha Fallopian kupita ku chiberekero. Ngati lapatsidwa umuna bwino panthawiyi, mimba imachitika. Ngati umuna sunapangidwe, corpus luteum imasweka kumapeto kwa msambo. Kenako.Kupanga kwa progesterone kumachepa, kuchuluka kwa FSH kumayamba kukweranso, ndipo nthawi yotsatira ya msambo imayamba - zomwe zikutanthauza kuti mumakhala ndi msambo wanu.

Kodi FSH imachita chiyani kwa amuna?

Mwa amuna, FSH imalimbikitsa kwambiri kupanga umuna . LH imalimbikitsa kupanga testosterone m'machende, ndipo FSH imagwira ntchito ndi testosterone kuti umuna upitirire.

Kodi kupanga kwa FSH kumayendetsedwa bwanji?

Tsopano mwina mukudabwa kuti FSH iyi imayendetsedwa bwanji molondola chonchi. Izi zimachitika ndi dongosolo lovuta kwambiri, koma logwira ntchito modabwitsa. Timalitcha kuti Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Gonadal axis . Lili ngati malo oimbira foni. Kuyimba kumachokera kumalo ena, malo ena amayankha, ndipo kutengera yankho limenelo, kuyimba kosiyana kumachokera koyamba. Ngati mbali iliyonse ya dongosololi muubongo (hypothalamus), pituitary gland, kapena sex glands (ovary kapena gonads) sizikugwira ntchito bwino, kuchuluka kwa mahomoni omwe ali mu dongosololi kungakhale kosazolowereka.

Choyamba, gawo la ubongo wanu lotchedwa hypothalamus limatulutsa gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) . GnRH iyi imalimbikitsa pituitary gland kuti itulutse FSH ndi LH (zonsezi zimatchedwanso gonadotropins). Hypothalamus imatulutsa GnRH pang'ono, yotchedwa pulses . Pamene pulses izi sizibwera kawirikawiri, FSH yambiri imapangidwa, ndipo zikabwera kawirikawiri, LH yambiri imapangidwa. Kodi sizodabwitsa zimenezo?

Kenako, FSH ndi LH zomwe zatulutsidwa zimayenda m'magazi ndikumangirira ku ma receptors apadera m'ma testicles kapena ma ovaries. Umu ndi momwe FSH ndi LH zimagwirira ntchito limodzi kuti ziwongolere ntchito ya ma testicles ndi ma ovaries.

Poyankha, mahomoni otulutsidwa kuchokera ku ma testes kapena mazira amawongolera kuchuluka kwa GnRH komwe kumapangidwa ndi hypothalamus. Kuzungulira kumeneku kumapitirira. Komabe, kuchuluka kosiyanasiyana kwa mahomoni ena m'dongosololi kumakhudza kutulutsidwa kwa mahomoni ena mosiyana.

Mwachitsanzo, mahomoni achikazi otchedwa estrogen ali ndi zotsatira zingapo pa kutulutsidwa kwa FSH. Kupezeka kwa estrogen kwa nthawi yayitali kumachepetsa kutulutsidwa kwa FSH. Komabe, pamene kuchuluka kwa estrogen kumakwera monga momwe zimakhalira nthawi zambiri ovulation isanayambe, imalimbikitsa pituitary gland kuti iwonjezere kuchuluka kwa gonadotropin (FSH ndi LH). Progesterone imachepetsa kuchuluka kwa kutulutsidwa kwa GnRH kuchokera ku hypothalamus, koma imawonjezera kuyankha kwa gonadotropins ku GnRH.

Inhibin B, yomwe imatulutsidwa m'maselo a m'machende mwa amunaHomoni yotchedwa FSH imasiya kupangidwa ngati gawo la njira yolumikizirana iyi.

Choncho, ngati pali kusokonezeka kapena vuto lililonse mu unyolo wotulutsa mahomoni, izi zipangitsa kuti mahomoni ogonana achepe. Izi zidzasokoneza kukula kwabwinobwino kwa ana komanso zidzasokonezanso kugwira ntchito kwabwinobwino kwa machende kapena mazira mwa akuluakulu.

Kodi kuchuluka kwa FSH kwabwinobwino kuyenera kukhala kotani?

Miyezo ya FSH yabwinobwino imasiyana malinga ndi zaka zanu komanso kugonana kwanu (monga ngati ndinu mkazi kapena mwamuna). Chinthu china choyenera kukumbukira ndichakuti mitundu ya FSH yabwinobwinoyi imatha kusiyana pang'ono kuchokera ku labu imodzi kupita ku ina. Chifukwa chake, nthawi zonse yang'anani kuchuluka kwa labu komwe kuli bwino pa lipoti lanu la magazi . Ngati muli ndi mafunso okhudza zotsatira zanu, onetsetsani kuti mwafunsa dokotala wanu.

Ma FSH abwinobwino mwa amuna

Miyezo ya FSH mwa amuna ndi iyi: (mayunitsi: mIU/mL - milli-International Units pa milliliter):

• Musanafike msinkhu: 0 mpaka 5.0 mIU/mL.
• Pa nthawi ya kutha msinkhu: 0.3 mpaka 10.0 mIU/mL.
• Munthu wamkulu: 1.5 mpaka 12.4 mIU/mL.

Miyeso ya FSH yachibadwa mwa akazi

Mlingo wabwinobwino wa FSH mwa akazi ndi motere (gawo: mIU/mL ):

• Musanafike msinkhu: 0 mpaka 4.0 mIU/mL.
• Pa nthawi ya kutha msinkhu: 0.3 mpaka 10.0 mIU/mL.
• Pambuyo pa kutha msinkhu (msanathe kusamba): 4.7 mpaka 21.5 mIU/mL.
• Pambuyo pa kusamba : 25.8 mpaka 134.8 mIU/mL.

Kodi mumayesa bwanji kuchuluka kwa FSH kwa munthu amene akufuna kutenga mimba?

Poyang'ana kuchuluka kwa kubereka kwa FSH, nthawi yoyezera ndi yofunika kwambiri . Kuchuluka kwa FSH kumasintha nthawi yonse ya msambo wanu. Pa kuyeza kubereka, magazi a FSH nthawi zambiri amachitika pa Tsiku lachitatu la msambo wanu ( Tsiku loyamba ndi tsiku lomwe mumayamba kusamba).

Kafukufuku wina adawonetsa kuti akazi omwe ali ndi milingo ya FSH yochepera 15 mIU/mL pa tsiku lachitatu la msambo wawo anali ndi mwayi waukulu wotenga pakati kudzera mu IVF (In Vitro Fertilization) kuposa omwe ali ndi milingo ya FSH pakati pa 15 mIU/mL ndi 24.9 mIU/mL. Akazi omwe ali ndi milingo ya FSH yoposa 25 mIU/mL anali ndi milingo yotsika kwambiri ya mimba atayesa IVF.

Koma kumbukirani kuti pali zinthu zina zambiri zomwe zimakhudza kuthekera kwanu kukhala ndi ana - kuchuluka kwa FSH sikokhako komwe kumakupangitsani kusankha . Ngati muli ndi mafunso okhudza kuthekera kwanu kukhala ndi ana kapena za kutenga pakati, funsani dokotala wanu kapena katswiri wa za kubereka .

Kodi chingachitike n’chiyani ngati kuchuluka kwa FSH kukwera?

Nthawi zambiri, kuchuluka kwa FSH kuposa kwachibadwa kumatanthauza kuti pali vuto m'mazira obereketsa kapena m'machende (ndiko kuti, m'matumbo).Zikutanthauza kuti pali vuto.

Tangoganizirani, ngati ma gonads anu sangathe kupanga estrogen, testosterone, ndi/kapena inhibin yokwanira, njira yolumikizirana kuchokera ku pituitary gland kuti ipange FSH imasokonekera. Kenako, kuchuluka kwa FSH ndi LH kumawonjezeka. Matendawa amatchedwa hypergonadotropic-hypogonadism kapena primary hypogonadism . Izi zikugwirizana ndi Primary Ovarian Insufficiency (POI) kapena testicular failure .

Hypogonadism yoyamba ikhoza kukhala yobadwa nayo kapena yopezeka chifukwa cha matenda ena.

Mitundu ya hypogonadism yoyambirira yobadwa nayo ndi iyi:

• Matenda a Klinefelter mwa amuna.
• Matenda a Turner mwa akazi.
• Matenda a Androgen insensitivity .
• Kusowa kwa ma enzyme ena (izi ndizosowa kwambiri).

Zotsatirazi zingayambitse hypogonadism yoyamba pambuyo pake:

• Zinthu zomwe zimakhala zoopsa ku gonads, mwachitsanzo chithandizo cha radiation kapena chemotherapy .
• Kuwonongeka kapena kuvulala kwa mazira kapena machende.
• Kuchepa kwa mahomoni ogonana ndi ukalamba.
• Matenda ena a autoimmune .
• Matenda monga mumps .

Nthawi zambiri, mavuto a pituitary gland ya mkazi angayambitse kuchuluka kwa FSH. Izi zingasokoneze kayendedwe kabwino ka feedback ndipo nthawi zina zimayambitsa matenda otchedwa ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome . Izi zingayambitse mazira kutupa ndikupangitsa madzi owopsa kudzikundikira m'mimba.

Kuchuluka kwa FSH kumawonjezeka mwachibadwa akazi akamayandikira kusamba komanso akamasiya kusamba . Izi ndi zachilendo.

Kwa ana, ngati kuchuluka kwa FSH ndi LH kuli kokwera kuposa momwe amayembekezera pa msinkhu wawo - komanso kuwonekera msanga kwa makhalidwe ena ogonana - ndi chizindikiro cha kutha msinkhu msanga . Izi zimachitika kwambiri mwa atsikana. Kutha msinkhu msanga kumatanthauzidwa ngati kutha msinkhu komwe kumachitika asanakwanitse zaka 9 kwa atsikana ndi zaka 10 kwa anyamata.

Kodi chingachitike n’chiyani ngati kuchuluka kwa FSH kutsika?

Kuchepa kwa FSH kuposa momwe zimakhalira nthawi zambiri kumapangitsa kuti munthu asakule bwino akamatha msinkhu. Kwa akuluakulu, ntchito ya mazira kapena machende imachepa, zomwe zingayambitse kusabereka .) vuto. Vutoli limatchedwa hypogonadotropic-hypogonadism . Nthawi zambiri limayamba chifukwa cha mavuto a pituitary gland kapena hypothalamus yanu.

Momwe mavuto a pituitary gland angayambitse kuchepa kwa FSH

Hypopituitarism ndi vuto losowa kwambiri pomwe pituitary gland yanu imapanga mahomoni ochepa kwambiri a mahomoni amodzi, angapo, kapena onse. Chifukwa chake, hypopituitarism ingayambitse kuchepa kwa FSH.

Ngakhale kuti sizichitika kawirikawiri, matenda ndi zifukwa zambiri zingayambitse hypopituitarism. Kawirikawiri, zifukwa zitatu zazikuluzi zingayambitse hypopituitarism:

• Chinachake chikuika mphamvu pa pituitary gland kapena hypothalamus yanu.
• Kuwonongeka kwa pituitary gland kapena hypothalamus.
• Muli ndi vuto losowa lomwe lingayambitse hypopituitarism.

Chimodzi mwa zifukwa zofala za hypopituitarism yoyamba ndi pituitary adenoma . Ichi ndi chotupa chosaopsa chomwe chimakula mu pituitary gland. Ngati adenoma ndi yayikulu mokwanira kapena ikupitiriza kukula, imatha kukakamiza pituitary gland kapena kuletsa magazi kulowa mmenemo.

Momwe mavuto a hypothalamic angayambitse kuchepa kwa FSH

Matenda a Kallmann ndi matenda obadwa nawo. Mu mkhalidwe uwu, hypothalamus yanu siimapanga mahomoni okwanira otulutsa gonadotropin (GnRH). Ngati palibe GnRH yokwanira, kuchuluka kwa FSH kumachepa, komanso kuchuluka kwa mahomoni ogonana kumachepa. Ngati munthu amene ali ndi matenda a Kallmann sadzafika msinkhu wokhwima ndipo sadzatha kubereka ana mwachibadwa.

Kodi zizindikiro za kusalinganika kwa FSH m'thupi ndi ziti?

Pokhapokha ngati kuchuluka kwa FSH mwa ana kuli kokwera kwambiri ndipo kumayambitsa kutha msinkhu msanga, kuchuluka kwa FSH, kaya kokwera kapena kotsika, nthawi zambiri kumasonyeza vuto lotchedwa hypogonadism . Hypogonadism ndi pamene gonads, kaya machende kapena mazira, amapanga mahomoni ochepa ogonana kapena osapanga konse.

Ngati kuchuluka kwa FSH kuli kochepa chifukwa cha vuto la hypothalamus kapena pituitary gland yanu, izi zimapangitsa kuti munthu asakhale ndi hypogonadism. Komabe, kuchuluka kwa FSH kuposa kwachibadwa kungakhale chizindikiro kapena zotsatira zoyipa za hypogonadism yomwe imabwera chifukwa cha vuto la gonads yanu.

Izi zili choncho chifukwa chakuti pamene ma gonads akupanga mahomoni ochepa ogonana (nthawi zambiri chifukwa cha kuwonongeka), pituitary gland yanu imayesa kuwalimbikitsa kuti apange mahomoni ambiri ogonana. Ichi ndichifukwa chake imatulutsa FSH yambiri. Panthawiyi, FSH nthawi zambiri siigwira ntchito, chifukwa pali cholakwika ndi minofu ya ma gonads omwe amapanga mahomoni ogonana.

Zizindikiro za hypogonadism zimasiyana malinga ndi msinkhu wanu komanso ngati ndinu mwamuna kapena mkazi.

Zizindikiro za hypogonadism mwa makanda obadwa kumene zingaphatikizepo:

• Kukhala ndi mbolo yaying'ono kwambiri ( micropenis ).
• Ma testicles osadulidwa ( Cryptorchidism ).

Zizindikiro za hypogonadism mwa ana zingaphatikizepo:

• Mabere a atsikana sakula akamakula.
• Kusapezeka kapena kuchedwa kwa msambo pamwezi ( amenorrhea ).
• Machende a anyamata sakukula.
• Kusakula msanga mwadzidzidzi panthawi ya kutha msinkhu.

Zizindikiro za hypogonadism mwa amuna:

• Kuchepa kwa chilakolako chogonana.
• Kutopa .
• Kusabereka , nthawi zambiri chifukwa cha kusowa kwa umuna ( Azoospermia ).
• Kulephera kugwira ntchito kwa erectile .
• Kukula kwa mabere ( gynecomastia ).
• Kuchepa kwa mphamvu ya minofu.
• Kutaya tsitsi pankhope kapena pathupi.

Zizindikiro za hypogonadism mwa akazi:

• Kuchepa kwa chilakolako chogonana.
• Kutopa.
• Kusabereka, nthawi zambiri chifukwa cha mavuto a ovulation.
• Kutentha kwambiri .
• Kusasamba kosakhazikika kapena kutha kwathunthu kwa msambo.
• Kutaya tsitsi pamalo obisika.

Kodi mungayang'ane bwanji kuchuluka kwa FSH?

Dokotala akhoza kuyesa kuchuluka kwa FSH yanu poyesa magazi . Izi zimaphatikizapo kutenga magazi kuchokera m'mitsempha yomwe ili m'dzanja lanu pogwiritsa ntchito singano. N'zosavuta kwambiri.

Madokotala angayitanitsa magazi a FSH pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana. Angayitanitsanso magazi ena a mahomoni nthawi imodzi, kuti adziwe matenda ena kapena kuti athetse matenda ena. Mwachitsanzo:

• Homoni ya luteinizing (LH).
• Testosterone.
• Estradiol ndi/kapena progesterone.

Kawirikawiri, mayeso awa amathandiza pazinthu monga:

• Dziwani chifukwa chake simunabereke ana.
• Dziwani matenda okhudzana ndi kusagwira bwino ntchito kwa mazira kapena machende.
• Thandizani kuzindikira matenda mu pituitary gland kapena hypothalamus omwe angakhudze kupanga kwa FSH.

Kuti tinene momveka bwino, kwa akazi, kuyezetsa magazi kwa FSH kungawulule mfundo zotsatirazi:

• Yang'anani nthawi zosakhazikika .
• Nenani ngati akuyandikira kapena ayamba kale kusamba.

Mwa amuna, kuyezetsa magazi kwa FSH kungathandize kudziwa chomwe chimayambitsa kuchepa kwa umuna.

Madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito mayeso a magazi a FSH ndi LH kuti adziwe ngati ana akuchedwa kapena akutha msinkhu msanga .

Kodi muyenera kulankhula ndi dokotala liti za FSH?

Ngati mukumva ngati muli ndi zizindikiro za hypogonadism, onetsetsani kuti mwawonana ndi dokotala wanu .

Ngati mwana wanu akuoneka kuti akutha msinkhu msanga kapena mochedwa kuposa momwe amayembekezera, pitani kwa dokotala. Angayese magazi mosavuta kuti aone ngati pali vuto lililonse ndi kuchuluka kwa FSH m'magazi mwake.

Ngati mukuvutika kutenga mimba, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu kapena katswiri wa za kubereka. Ngakhale pali zifukwa zambiri zomwe zimapangitsa kuti munthu asabereke, kuchuluka kwa FSH m'thupi lanu kungakhale chimodzi mwa zifukwazo.

Powombetsa mkota

Chabwino, kotero chinthu chofunikira kwambiri chomwe muyenera kukumbukira kuchokera pa zomwe takambiranazi ndichakuti hormone yolimbikitsa follicle (FSH) ndi hormone yofunika kwambiri yomwe imakhudza kwambiri kukula kwathu pakugonana komanso kubereka . Popeza FSH ndi gawo la dongosolo lovuta lomwe limagwira ntchito limodzi ndi mahomoni ena ambiri ndi ma thyroid, sizachilendo kuti milingo ya FSH ikhale yosazolowereka.

Ngati inu kapena mwana wanu muli ndi zizindikiro zokhudzana ndi kukula kwa kugonana kapena kubereka, chonde onani dokotala wanu ndipo mukambirane nazo. Ali pano kuti akuthandizeni. Musayese kukhala nokha, nthawi zonse ndi bwino kufunsa upangiri kwa dokotala.

Homoni yolimbikitsa follicle , FSH, mahomoni, pituitary gland, thanzi lobereka, kutha msinkhu, kuzungulira kwa msambo, kusabereka, hypogonadism, LH, GnRH