Kodi mudamvapo za fMRI, yomwe ingayang'ane momwe ubongo wanu umagwirira ntchito? (Functional MRI)

Kodi munayamba mwadzifunsapo momwe ziwalo zosiyanasiyana za ubongo wathu zimagwirira ntchito komanso momwe zimayankhirana? Nthawi zina, makamaka asanachite chinthu monga opaleshoni ya ubongo, madokotala amafuna kudziwa bwino lomwe ziwalo za ubongo zomwe zikugwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri komanso ziwalo zomwe zingakhale pachiwopsezo ngati zawonongeka. Lero, tikambirana za scan yapadera yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zina ngati izi ndipo ingawulule zinsinsi zina mkati mwa ubongo.

Kodi fMRI ndi chiyani? Mwachidule...

Mwachidule, Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) ndi scan yomwe imasonyeza momwe ziwalo zinazake za ubongo wathu zimagwirira ntchito, kutanthauza kuchuluka kwa momwe ziwalozo zimagwirira ntchito panthawi inayake. Mwina mwamvapo za MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) . Imafuna kulowa mkati mwa makina akuluakulu, ozungulira. Imagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya maginito yamphamvu kwambiri, mafunde a wailesi, ndi ukadaulo wa makompyuta kuti ijambule zithunzi zomveka bwino za mkati mwa thupi lathu. Gawo labwino kwambiri ndilakuti sigwiritsa ntchito radiation ngati X-ray. Chifukwa chake palibe chifukwa chodera nkhawa za radiation.

Tsopano, fMRI scan iyi imachitika ndi makina omwewo a MRI. Koma chapadera ndi ichi ndichakuti imatha kuyang'anira kuyenda kwa magazi kupita kumadera osiyanasiyana a ubongo wanu. Taganizirani izi, pamene maselo athu a ubongo akugwira ntchito, amafunika mpweya wochuluka. Kenako mpweya umenewo umanyamulidwa ndi magazi. Chifukwa chake, madera omwe magazi amatuluka kwambiri ndi madera a ubongo omwe amagwira ntchito kwambiri. Madera amenewo amawoneka owala kwambiri mu fMRI scan. Kodi mukumvetsa momwe zimachitikira?

Kodi fMRI scan imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa chiyani?

Pojambula kayendedwe ka magazi ndi ntchito m'magawo osiyanasiyana a ubongo wanu, madokotala amatha kudziwa gawo la ubongo wanu lomwe limayang'anira ntchito inayake kapena luso linalake. Izi ndizothandiza kwambiri pokonzekera opaleshoni ya ubongo kapena njira zina zamankhwala zomwe zingakhudze ubongo. Tangoganizirani kuti muyenera kuchitidwa opaleshoni pa gawo linalake la ubongo wanu. Kenako dokotala wa opaleshoni ya mitsempha angagwiritse ntchito fMRI iyi kukonzekera opaleshoniyo. Ikhozanso kuwona magawo enieni a ubongo omwe akuchita ntchito zofunika ndipo sayenera kusokonezedwa . Kujambula kwa fMRI kumeneku kungachitike kwa akuluakulu komanso ana aang'ono.

Mwachitsanzo, mayendedwe a minofu amayendetsedwa ndi malo enaake mu gawo lakutsogolo la ubongo wathu. Ngati mupempha wina kuti akugogodetseni zala zanu panthawi yojambula fMRI, kujambulako kudzawonetsa mbali zomwe ubongo ukuchita. Dokotala wa opaleshoni ya mitsempha amadziwa kuti azigwiritsa ntchito popanda kuziwononga.

Nazi zina mwazochitika kapena njira zachipatala zomwe zingafunike kukonzekera kotere:

• Khunyu:Ngati khunyu silikulamuliridwa ndi mankhwala kapena mankhwala ena, opaleshoni ya ubongo (opaleshoni ya khunyu) ingafunike.
• Zotupa za muubongo: Opaleshoni ingafunike kuti muchotse mitundu yonse ya zotupa, za khansa komanso zosaopsa.
• Chithandizo cha radiation ku ubongo: Chithandizo cha radiation cholondola chingagwiritsidwe ntchito pa matenda ambiri a ubongo, monga khansa ndi mavuto a magazi.
• Kujambula pambuyo pa chithandizo: Kujambula kumeneku kumathandizanso kuona ngati pali kusintha kulikonse mu ntchito ya ubongo pambuyo pa chithandizo china chamankhwala.

Kuphatikiza apo, ofufuza akufufuza ntchito zina za fMRI. Mwachitsanzo, pali umboni wakuti ingakhale yothandiza pazinthu monga biofeedback therapy .

Kodi ma fMRI scan ndi ofala bwanji?

Popeza ubwino wa fMRI scan ndi wochepa, siwofala kwambiri m'malo azaumoyo. Zipatala zazing'ono kapena malo azaumoyo sangakhale ndi malo ochitira fMRI scan. Ngati mukufuna, mungafunike kupita kuchipatala chachikulu.

Kodi ndingakonzekere bwanji kusanthula kumeneku?

Pa tsiku loti muyesedwe ndi fMRI scan, musamwe chilichonse chokhala ndi caffeine , chifukwa izi zingakhudze zotsatira za fMRI. Ngati mukumwa mankhwala aliwonse, dokotala wanu adzakulangizani momwe mungawamwere (ndi nthawi yoti musiye kumwa) musanayesedwe.

Monga momwe zimachitikira nthawi zonse pa MRI scan, fMRI scan imagwiritsa ntchito maginito amphamvu kwambiri. Maginito amenewa ndi amphamvu kwambiri moti amatha kuwononga zinthu zina ndipo amatha kukopa zinthu zamaginito mwachangu. Ngakhale zinthu wamba zachitsulo zitha kukhala zoopsa pafupi ndi makina a MRI.

Choncho, zovala zomwe mumavala, zodzikongoletsera zomwe mumagwiritsa ntchito, ndi ma hairpins omwe mumagwiritsa ntchito siziyenera kukhala ndi ziwalo zachitsulo. Izi sizikugwira ntchito pazitsulo zokha zomwe zili ndi mphamvu ya maginito, komanso mitundu ina yonse ya zitsulo. Chifukwa ngakhale zitsulo zopanda maginito zimatha kusintha kumveka bwino kwa scan.

Zinthu zomwe simuyenera kubweretsa kapena kuvala ku makina a MRI

• Zodzikongoletsera, mawotchi, makadi a ngongole ndi zida zothandizira kumva .
• Mapini, mapini a tsitsi achitsulo, mabrassiere okhala ndi waya, ndi zipi zachitsulo (izi zimatha kusokoneza zithunzi za MRI).
• Mano obisika ochotsedwa .
• Mapeni, mipeni ya m'thumba kapena zida zambiri .
• Kuboola thupi .
• Mafoni a m'manja, mawotchi amagetsi ndi zida zotsatirira .

Ndithudi pali china chake choti muuze dokotala !

Ngati muli ndi vuto lililonse mwa zotsatirazi, muyenera kudziwitsa dokotala wanu musanachite MRI:

• Chothandizira pacemaker kapena defibrillator ya mtima .
• Zipangizo zamagetsi kapena zolimbitsa thupi. Zitsanzo zikuphatikizapo: zolimbitsa ubongo , zolimbitsa mitsempha ya vagus , zolimbitsa chikhodzodzo, zolimbitsa msana, zolimbitsa mitsempha ya ubongo , ndi ma electrode kapena mawaya okhazikika.
• Malo olumikizirana .
• Ma implants a Cochlear kapena ma implants ena a khutu.
• Mapampu a mankhwala oikidwa m'thupi . Zitsanzo: omwe amapereka mankhwala ochepetsa ululu, omwe amapereka mankhwala ochepetsa kuuma kwa minofu (spasticity) .
• Ma shunt okonzedwa .
• Ma clip ndi ma coil a aneurysm .
• Ma stenti omwe sali mumtima.
• Zipangizo zoyezera magazi, mwachitsanzo zoyezera magazi kuundana.
• Zidutswa zachitsulo zomwe zakodwa m'thupi lanu kapena m'maso mwanu. Zitsanzo: zipolopolo, zidutswa zachitsulo , zidutswa zachitsulo kapena ufa.
• Chowunikira shuga chokhazikika (CGM) .
• Pampu ya insulin .
• Chigamba cha mankhwala chomwe mumachimangirira penapake pathupi lanu.

Komanso, muyenera kuuza dokotala wanu za zinthu izi musanachite fMRI:

• Ngati muli ndi pakati kapena mukuganiza kuti mwina muli ndi pakati.
• Ngati pali chifukwa chomwe simungathe kugona chagada panthawi yonse ya mayeso.
• Ngati muli ndi vuto la claustrophobia (kutanthauza kuti, mantha a malo otsekeka). Tangoganizani kuti mukuopa kukhala m'chipinda chaching'ono. Ngati muli ndi mantha otere, mungamve kusamasuka pang'ono mukalowa mu makinawo. Ndicho chifukwa chake muyenera kuuza dokotala pasadakhale.

Ngati muli ndi vuto la claustrophobia, dokotala wanu angakulangizeni kuti mumwe mankhwala oletsa nkhawa panthawi yojambula kapena nthawi yochepa musanachite scan. Izi zimatha kusiyana malinga ndi munthu, choncho ngati mukumva kuda nkhawa panthawi ya fMRI, funsani dokotala wanu ngati mungathe kumwa mankhwala oletsa nkhawa.

Ngakhale ana aang'ono akhoza kuchitidwa fMRI, koma angafunike kupatsidwa mankhwala kuti apumule. Dokotala wa mwana wanu angakufotokozereni njira zomwe angasankhe komanso zomwe angakulimbikitseni.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani pa fMRI scan?

Kujambula kwa fMRI kumachitika mofanana ndi kujambula kwa MRI nthawi zonse. Pakujambula, mumagona pabedi ndipo bedi limasunthidwa kupita ku makina a MRI. Nthawi zambiri, fMRI imagwiritsa ntchito makina a MRI ozungulira. Izi zili choncho chifukwa maginito omwe ali mu makina a MRI otseguka nthawi zambiri samakhala olimba kwambiri.

Pa nthawi ya fMRI, mutu wanu umayikidwa mkati mwa chipangizo chapadera chofanana ndi chisoti chotchedwa head coil . Chophimba ichi chimathandiza kupeza zithunzi zomveka bwino. Muyeneranso kuvala mahedifoni apadera oletsa phokoso kuti muletse phokoso lochokera ku makina a MRI. Mahedifoni awa ali ndi phindu lina. Ogwira ntchito zachipatala, monga akatswiri a MRI kapena akatswiri a radiology, amatha kulankhula nanu ndikukupatsani malangizo panthawi yojambula.

Kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa MRI yokhazikika ndi fMRI ndi zochita . Pakujambula fMRI, ogwira ntchito zachipatala amakupemphani kuti mulankhule, mugwedeze chala chanu, kapena muchite chinthu chosavuta chonga chimenecho. Mukamachita zimenezo, fMRI imayang'anira kayendedwe ka magazi anu kuti ione magawo a ubongo wanu omwe amagwira ntchito kwambiri. Kenako imayerekeza zimenezo ndi zomwe munkachita panthawiyo. Umu ndi momwe amajambula magawo a ubongo wanu, kuti adziwe zomwe zikuchitika.

Ntchito izi zitha kuchitika m'njira ziwiri:

• Dongosolo la block: Mu dongosololi, mumapatsidwa nthawi yochepa yoti muchite ntchito, kenako nthawi yochepa yopuma. Nthawi zimenezi zimatchedwa blocks.
• Dongosolo la zochitika: Izi zimaphatikizapo kuchita ntchito zingapo motsatizana popanda kupumula.

Dokotala wanu angafune kuchita gawo la fMRI ngati "resting state scan" . Panthawiyi, mumangogona pansi mu scanner (dokotala wanu angakupempheni kuti maso anu akhale otseguka kapena otsekedwa). Izi zimathandiza dokotala kuwona ndi kuyeza kusiyana kwa ntchito ya ubongo wanu pakati pa nthawi yomwe mukupuma ndi nthawi yomwe mukudzuka.

Kodi mumachita fMRI ndi zinthu zosiyanitsa? (Functional MRI ndi zosiyana)

Monga momwe zimachitikira nthawi zonse pa MRI scan, nthawi zina ma fMRI scan amatha kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zosiyana zomwe zili ndi gadolinium . Gadolinium iyi imalowetsedwa mu mtsempha (IV) (kutanthauza kudzera mu umodzi mwa mitsempha yanu) kuti ikuthandizeni pa mayeso ena. Imakupatsani mwayi wowona bwino kapangidwe kake mkati mwa thupi lanu kapena ubongo wanu.

Kodi fMRI scan imatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji?

Kujambula fMRI nthawi zambiri kumatenga pafupifupi ola limodzi. Zingatenge nthawi yayitali ngati dokotala akufuna zambiri kuti aunikenso, kapena ngati akufunika kuchita mtundu wina wa MRI scan pamodzi ndi fMRI.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani pambuyo pa mayeso awa?

Mukhoza kupita kunyumba mukangomaliza kusanthula fMRI. Komabe, ngati mwapatsidwa mankhwala a nkhawa panthawi ya kusanthula fMRI, wina adzafunika kukutengerani kunyumba. Katswiri wa radiology adzawunikanso kusanthula, kusanthula, ndikukuuzani zotsatira zake, komanso dokotala amene anakutumizani ku kusanthula (mwachitsanzo , katswiri wa mitsempha kapena dokotala wa mitsempha) .

Kodi ubwino wa fMRI ndi wotani?

FMRI ndi yothandiza kwambiri pokonzekera opaleshoni isanachitike . Imalola madokotala a opaleshoni ya mitsempha kumvetsetsa bwino momwe mapangidwe osiyanasiyana a ubongo amagwirira ntchito. Izi zimawathandiza kuchita opaleshoni popanda kuwononga ziwalo zofunika kwambiri za ubongo, kuchepetsa chiopsezo chotaya ntchito zomwe ziwalozo zimalamulira.

Pali mayeso ena omwe angathandize kukonzekera, koma fMRI nthawi zambiri ndi chisankho chabwino. Chifukwa mayeso ena nthawi zambiri amakhala ovuta kwambiri , amafunikira mankhwala omwe angayambitse zotsatira zoyipa, kapena omwe sali olondola polemba mapu a madera a ubongo omwe akukhudzidwa.

Kodi pali zovuta kapena zoopsa zilizonse pa fMRI?

Poyerekeza ndi mayeso ena, fMRI ili ndi zovuta zingapo. Vuto lalikulu ndi ubale pakati pa nthawi ya fMRI scan ndi liwiro la ntchito ya ubongo wathu. Tangoganizani kujambula chithunzi cha munthu akuthamanga mofulumira kwambiri. Poyerekeza ndi liwiro la ubongo, liwiro lomwe fMRI imasonkhanitsa deta ndi lochepa pang'ono. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, ntchito ya ubongo imatha kusintha ndi makumi a ma milliseconds mu sekondi imodzi, koma fMRI imatha kujambula zomwe zimachitika sekondi imodzi. Chifukwa chake, kusintha kosawoneka bwino komanso kwadzidzidzi kungaphonyedwe.

Zoopsa za fMRI ndizochepa kwambiri. Zili ngati za MRI yokhazikika. Zotsatirapo za gadolinium contrast nazonso ndizochepa kwambiri. Nkhawa yaikulu ndi chitetezo cha zitsulo. Muyenera kutsatira malangizo onse omwe dokotala wanu ndi ogwira ntchito zachipatala amapereka okhudza chitetezo cha zitsulo. Ngati muli ndi mafunso aliwonse, musaope kuwafunsa.

Kodi kusiyana pakati pa EEG ndi fMRI ndi kotani?

Electroencephalogram (EEG) ndi mayeso omwe amayesa ndikulemba zomwe ubongo wanu ukuchita. Makina a EEG amawonetsa zomwe ubongo wanu ukuchita ngati mafunde angapo papepala kapena pazenera la digito. Ngakhale zonse ziwiri zimalemba zomwezo, fMRI imawonetsa ngati chithunzi.

Ndiye, kodi uthenga wotani umene tiyenera kukumbukira kuchokera apa?

FMRI ndi ukadaulo watsopano. Ngakhale kuti wakhalapo kwa zaka zoposa 30, watsegula njira zatsopano zodziwira momwe ubongo umagwirira ntchito. Masiku ano, ndi wothandiza kwambiri pojambula zochitika za ubongo ndikuwonetsa magawo a ubongo omwe amagwira ntchito panthawi ya ntchito kapena zochitika zina. Kaya ndi fMRI scan yanu kapena mwana wanu, njira iyi yowunikira imathandiza madokotala a mitsempha kukonzekera opaleshoni yawo popanda kuwononga magawo ambiri ofunikira momwe angathere. Chifukwa chake, ngati mukuchita mayesowa, musachite mantha ndipo tsatirani malangizo a dokotala.

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