Kodi mwana amataya miyendo yake mwadzidzidzi? Tiyeni tiphunzire za matenda osowawa (Acute Flaccid Myelitis)

Tangoganizirani mwana wanu akuthamanga uku akusewera, ndipo mwadzidzidzi dzanja kapena miyendo yake imodzi ikuoneka kuti yafa ziwalo. Kapena miyendo yake yafooka kwambiri moti sangathe kuyimirira molunjika. Kuona chinthu chonga ichi kungawopsyeze kholo lililonse. Lero tikambirana za vuto la mitsempha losowa koma lalikulu kwambiri lomwe lingachitike mwadzidzidzi. Ili ndi Acute Flaccid Myelitis, kapena AFM mwachidule.

Kodi kwenikweni matenda a Acute Flaccid Myelitis (AFM) ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, AFM ndi matenda oopsa omwe amakhudza mitsempha yathu. Amayambitsa kutupa, kapena kutupa, mu imvi ya msana wathu.

Tsopano mwina mukudabwa kuti imvi iyi ndi chiyani. Taganizirani thupi lathu ngati magetsi ovuta. Ubongo ndi msana ndiye chipinda chachikulu chowongolera izi. Imvi yomwe ili m'chipinda chowongolera ichi ndi malo akuluakulu omwe amatumiza zizindikiro zomwe zimayang'anira mayendedwe a minofu yathu. Chifukwa chake malo ofunikira awa akawonongeka mu AFM, zizindikiro zomwe zimatumizidwa kuchokera ku ubongo sizipita ku minofu moyenera. Zotsatira zake, miyendo imakhala yofooka mwadzidzidzi, yopanda mphamvu, ndipo ma reflexes amatayika.

Uwu ndi matenda atsopano. Madokotala adauzindikira ngati matenda ena mu 2014. Zisanachitike izi, pamene zizindikiro ngati izi zinkaonekera, madokotala ankaganiza kuti ndi matenda ena amitsempha monga ``transverse myelitis''.

Kodi kusiyana pakati pa AFM ndi Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) ndi kotani?

Matenda ena omwe anthu ambiri amawasokoneza ndi AFM ndi `Guillain-Barré Syndrome` (GBS mwachidule). Chizindikiro chachikulu cha matenda onsewa ndi kufooka kwa minofu. Koma awiriwa ndi osiyana kwambiri. Tiyeni tiwone kusiyana kumeneko.

Tangoganizani kuti dongosolo lathu la mitsempha lili ngati netiweki yomwe imagawa magetsi mdziko lonselo.

• Mu AFM, kuwonongeka kumachitika pa: mphamvu yaikulu ya netiweki iyi, imvi yomwe ili mumsana. Pamene mphamvu yokhayo yawonongeka, singathe kupanga ndikutumiza magetsi.
• Zowonongeka za GBS: Mawaya omwe amanyamula magetsi kuchokera ku fakitale yamagetsi kupita ku nyumba. Timatcha izi mitsempha ya m'mphepete. Mawaya akawonongeka, ngakhale magetsi atumizidwa kuchokera ku fakitale yamagetsi, samafika bwino m'nyumba.

Mwachidule, AFM ndi vuto la dongosolo la mitsempha yapakati . GBS ndi vuto la dongosolo la mitsempha ya m'mphepete mwa thupi .

Palinso kusiyana kwa momwe zizindikirozi zimafalikira.

• Mu GBS: Kufooka nthawi zambiri kumayambira m'miyendo kenako pang'onopang'ono kumakwera mmwamba thupi.
• Mu AFM: Kufooka kungayambire kulikonse, mwina m'dzanja limodzi, kapena ngakhale m'miyendo yonse iwiri.

Chinthu china chofunika ndi msinkhu wa anthu omwe matendawa amapezeka nthawi zambiri. 90% ya odwala a AFM ndi ana aang'ono azaka zapakati pa 1 ndi 7. Komabe, sizingachitike kawirikawiri kwa akuluakulu. Komabe, GBS imapezeka kwambiri kwa akuluakulu azaka zopitirira 40.

Kodi matendawa ndi ofala bwanji? Ndani amene ali ndi mwayi waukulu wowatenga?

Matenda a AFM ndi osowa kwambiri . Ngakhale m'dziko ngati United States, akuti anthu osakwana m'modzi pa anthu miliyoni imodzi amadwala matendawa chaka chilichonse. Komabe, chiwerengero cha anthu omwe apezeka ndi matendawa chawonjezeka pang'ono posachedwapa.

Monga tanenera kale, matendawa amapezeka kwambiri mwa ana aang'ono . Ana osakwana zaka 7 ndi omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu. Popeza izi zitha kuchitika kwa ana, ndikofunikira kuti ife monga makolo tidziwe izi.

Kodi zizindikiro za AFM ndi ziti?

Choopsa kwambiri pa matendawa ndichakuti zizindikiro zimabwera mwadzidzidzi . Zizindikirozi zimatha kuonekera mkati mwa maola ochepa kapena masiku angapo. Ngati mwana wanu ali ndi zizindikirozi, musamazinyalanyaze.

Kodi chifukwa chake ndi chiyani?

Funso limene madokotala sakulimvetsabe. Sitikudziwabe 100% chomwe chimayambitsa AFM.

Komabe, ofufuza ambiri ndi madokotala akukayikira kuti pali mtundu wina wa kachilombo komwe kamayambitsa matendawa . Pali kukayikira kwakukulu kuti mavairasi omwe ali m'gulu la 'non-polio enteroviruses' akhoza kukhala omwe amayambitsa matendawa.

Kumbukirani, zizindikiro za AFM zisanawonekere, ana ambiri amakhala ndi matenda opatsirana popuma, monga chimfine, malungo, ndi chifuwa . Izi zimawonjezera kukayikira kuti pali kulumikizana kwa kachilombo. Makamaka, mavairasi a `Enterovirus D68` ndi `Enterovirus A71` apezeka mwa odwala ambiri a AFM.

Kodi dokotala amazindikira bwanji matendawa molondola?

Kuzindikira matenda a AFM ndi kovuta chifukwa ndi kosowa ndipo kumakhala ndi zizindikiro zofanana kwambiri ndi matenda ena amitsempha monga GBS, transverse myelitis, ndi polio, zomwe tidakambirana kale.

Choncho, dokotalayo adzayenera kuchita mayeso angapo kuti atsimikizire ngati iyi ndi AFM kapena matenda ena.

• Kuyezetsa thupi ndi kuyezetsa mitsempha: Choyamba, dokotala adzamuyesa mwanayo mosamala. Adzayang'ana kufooka kwa miyendo, momwe minofu ilili, komanso momwe ma reflexes alili.
• Kujambula kwa MRI: Iyi ndi njira yofunika kwambiri komanso yothandiza pozindikira matenda a AFM. Kujambula kwa MRI kwa ubongo ndi msana kumatha kuwonetsa bwino kusintha, monga kutupa, komwe kumachitika ndi AFM mu imvi ya msana.
• Kuboola Msana/Lumbar: Izi zimaphatikizapo kulowetsa singano yaying'ono kumbuyo ndikuchotsa madzi pang'ono ozungulira msana (cerebral spinal fluid - CSF). Madzi awa amatha kuyezedwa kuti awone ngati pali matenda kapena kutupa.
• Kuyesa ntchito ya mitsempha ndi minofu: Mayeso apadera angachitike, monga maphunziro okhudza kuyendetsa mitsempha, omwe amayesa liwiro lomwe zizindikiro zimadutsa m'mitsempha, ndi electromyography, yomwe imayesa ntchito yamagetsi ya minofu.

Dokotalayo amafika pamapeto pake pophatikiza chidziwitso chomwe chapezeka kuchokera ku mayeso onsewa.

Kodi pali chithandizo cha AFM?

Mwatsoka, palibe mankhwala enieni omwe angachiritse AFM kwathunthu. Popeza ndi matenda atsopano, madokotala ndi asayansi akufufuzabe mankhwala abwino kwambiri.

Choncho, cholinga chachikulu cha chithandizo ndikuwongolera zizindikiro ndikuthandiza mwanayo kuchira momwe angathere.

• Kuchiza Thupi ndi Kuchiza Pantchito: Ichi ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri la chithandizo. Mankhwalawa amathandiza kulimbitsa miyendo yofooka, kumanganso mphamvu za minofu, komanso kuphunzitsa mwana kuchita ntchito zake payekha.
• Mankhwala Ena: Nthawi zina, zinthu monga opaleshoni ya mitsempha ya m'mphepete mwa mitsempha zawonetsedwa kuti zathandiza kwambiri popewa kuwonongeka kwa minofu. Komabe, katswiri wa mitsempha adzasankha ngati izi ndizoyenera wodwala aliyense.

Ngati n'kotheka, ndi bwino kupeza chithandizo kwa dokotala wa mitsempha yemwe ali ndi chidziwitso ndi matendawa.

Kodi matendawo adzayamba bwanji komanso mavuto ake ndi otani?

Popeza AFM ndi matenda atsopano, ofufuza sanganenebe kuti zotsatira zake zidzakhala zotani nthawi yayitali ikadzachitika. Koma kutengera zomwe zikudziwika, zotsatira zake zimatha kusiyana kwambiri kuchokera kwa munthu ndi munthu.

• Kuchira pang'onopang'ono: Ana ambiri, omwe amalandira chithandizo chopitilira monga chithandizo cha thupi, amachira pang'onopang'ono pakapita nthawi. Mphamvu ya minofu imawonjezeka pang'onopang'ono.
• Kuchira kwathunthu: Osakwana 10% ya odwala a AFM amachira kwathunthu. Ambiri angapitirize kukhala ndi kufooka pang'ono.

Mavuto aakulu omwe angakhalepo

• Kulephera Kupuma: Ili ndiye vuto loopsa kwambiri lomwe tidakambirana kale. Ngati minofu yothandizira kupuma ifooka, wodwalayo sangathe kupuma yekha. Pa nthawiyo, adzafunika kulumikizidwa ndi chopumira. Vutoli limachitika pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a odwala a AFM.
• Mavuto ena a mitsempha:Pali kuthekera kwa mavuto aakulu komanso oopsa, monga kusintha kosazolowereka kwa kutentha kwa thupi ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi, komanso kugunda kwa mtima kosasinthasintha.

Kodi pali njira yopewera izi?

Popeza chifukwa chenicheni cha AFM sichikudziwika, palibe njira yeniyeni yopewera. Komabe, popeza akuganiziridwa kuti chimayambitsidwa ndi matenda opatsirana ndi mavairasi, ndikofunikira kwambiri kutsatira zizolowezi zaumoyo zomwe timatsatira kuti tipewe mavairasi.

• Sambani m'manja nthawi zonse ndi sopo ndi madzi. Phunzitsani ana anu kusamba m'manja bwino, makamaka asanadye, atapita kuchimbudzi, komanso atasamalira wodwala.
• Pewani kukhudza nkhope yanu, maso, mphuno, ndi pakamwa panu ndi manja osasamba.
• Khalani kutali ndi anthu odwala.
• Perekani mwana wanu katemera wonse wofunikira ali ndi zaka zoyenera.
• Tsukani malo omwe amakhudzidwa kawirikawiri (zogwirira zitseko, matebulo) ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.

Makhalidwe osavuta awa azaumoyo angateteze ana athu osati ku AFM yokha, komanso matenda ena ambiri opatsirana.