Kodi tikambirane za khansa yaikulu ya magazi, Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)?

Kodi muli ndi chimfine chomwe sichimatha patatha masiku angapo? Kapena mumangomva kutopa komanso kutopa? Nthawi zina, zinthu zazing'ono ngati izi zimatha kubisa chinthu chachikulu. Lero tikambirana za matenda omwe ndi oopsa pang'ono, koma ndikofunikira kwambiri kuwadziwa. Ndi matenda a myeloid leukemia, kapena AML mwachidule.

Kodi AML ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) ndi mtundu wa khansa womwe umakhudza mafupa ndi magazi. Ndi matenda osowa koma oopsa. Nthawi zambiri amayamba chifukwa cha kusintha kwa majini kapena ma chromosomes anu. Amafala kwambiri mwa anthu azaka zopitilira 60. Komabe, amathanso kukhudza achinyamata ndi ana. AML ndi khansa yomwe imafalikira mofulumira komanso yowopsa. Mwamwayi, mankhwala atsopano athandiza anthu ambiri kukhala ndi moyo wautali ndi matendawa.

Kodi pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya AML?

Inde, pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya AML. Mtundu uliwonse umakhudza kuchuluka kwa maselo m'magazi mwanu. Komabe, mtundu uliwonse ungayambitse zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana ndipo umayankha mosiyana ndi chithandizo.

Madokotala amazindikira mitundu iyi ya AML pofufuza maselo a khansa pogwiritsa ntchito maikulosikopu. Amafufuzanso kusintha kwa ma chromosome anu ndi kusintha kwa majini ena omwe amalamulira kukula kwa maselo.

Nazi zina mwa mitundu ikuluikulu ya AML:

• Myeloid leukemia: Iyi ndi mtundu wofala kwambiri wa AML. Imayamba ngati khansa ya maselo omwe amapanga ma neutrophils, mtundu wa maselo oyera amagazi.
• Acute monocytic leukemia (AML-M5): Izi zimakula m'maselo omwe amapanga mtundu wa maselo oyera amagazi otchedwa monocytes.
• Khansa ya m'magazi yotchedwa Acute megakaryocytic leukemia (AMLK): Iyi ndi khansa ya maselo omwe amapanga maselo ofiira a magazi kapena ma platelet.
• Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL): Mu izi, mtundu wa maselo oyera osakhwima otchedwa promyelocytes sukukula bwino ndipo umakhala maselo a khansa.

Kodi AML ndi yofala bwanji?

Matenda a AML ndi matenda osowa kwambiri. Pa avareji, akuluakulu pafupifupi 4 mwa akuluakulu 100,000 amadwala matendawa chaka chilichonse. Komanso, akuti ana pafupifupi 1,160 amapezeka ndi matenda a AML chaka chilichonse.

Kodi zizindikiro za AML ndi ziti?

Poyamba, zizindikiro za AML zingamveke ngati muli ndi chimfine kapena chimfine chomwe simunachimve bwino kwa masiku angapo. Koma AML ndi khansa yoopsa kwambiri. Izi zikutanthauza kuti,Posachedwapa mudzayamba kuona zizindikiro zatsopano komanso zoonekera bwino. Pambuyo pake, mungazindikire zizindikiro monga:

• Kumva chizungulire nthawi zonse.
• Zinthu monga kuphwanya mano mosavuta, kutuluka magazi m'mphuno pafupipafupi, ndi kutuluka magazi m'kamwa mukatsuka mano.
• Kumva kutopa kosatha.
• Kumva kuzizira.
• Malungo.
• Thukuta la usiku.
• Matenda obwera pafupipafupi amachitika, kapena matenda omwe amachitika amatenga nthawi yayitali kuti achire.
• Mutu.
• Chakudyacho sichikoma.
• Kukhala woonda popanda chifukwa.
• Khungu lotumbululuka.
• Kuvuta kupuma (kupuma movutikira).
• Kutupa kwa ma lymph nodes.
• Kumva kufooka.
• Kupweteka m'mafupa, msana, kapena m'mimba.
• Madontho ang'onoang'ono ofiira pakhungu (petechiae).
• Mabala amatenga nthawi kuti achire.

Kodi zifukwa za AML ndi ziti?

Akatswiri sakudziwabe chomwe chimayambitsa AML. Koma akudziwa kuti vutoli limachitika majini ena kapena ma chromosome m'thupi lathu akasintha (kusintha), zomwe zimapangitsa kuti maselo amagazi osazolowereka apangidwe. Kusintha kwa majini kumeneku kungaphatikizepo:

• Chinachake chakhudza DNA yanu nthawi yonse ya moyo wanu.
• Ngati muli ndi matenda a majini omwe amafalikira m'mibadwo yambiri ndipo amawonjezera chiopsezo chanu chokhala ndi AML.
• Chifukwa cha kusintha kwa majini ena mu umuna kapena mazira a makolo anu.

Kodi kusintha kwa majini kumayambitsa bwanji AML?

Kuti mumvetse momwe kusintha kwa majini kumeneku kungayambitsire AML, ndikofunikira kudziwa pang'ono za mafupa anu ndi maselo a magazi. Mafupa anu ndi minofu yofewa, yosalala pakati pa mafupa anu ambiri. Yapangidwa ndi:

• Maselo oyambira amapangidwa. Awa ndi maselo omwe pambuyo pake amakhala maselo ofiira a magazi omwe amanyamula mpweya, maselo oyera a magazi omwe amateteza ku matenda, ndi ma platelet omwe amathandiza magazi kuundana.

Kawirikawiri, mafuta a m'mafupa anu amagwira ntchito bwino kwambiri, kupanga maselo amagazi ndi ma platelet okwanira thupi lanu. Koma mwa munthu amene ali ndi AML, mafuta a m'mafupa amayamba kupanga maselo a myeloid osadziwika bwino otchedwa myeloid blasts kapena myeloblasts.

Maselo ophulika a myeloid awa sachita ngati maselo abwinobwino a magazi. Maselo abwinobwino amalandira malangizo kuchokera ku majini awo okhudza nthawi komanso momwe ayenera kugawikana ndikukula mofulumira. Maselo akakalamba, amafa kuti apange malo a maselo atsopano mu fupa la mafupa. Koma maselo ophulika a myeloid satsatira malangizo awa. Amagawikana mosalamulirika ndipo safa. Pamene maselo ophulika a myeloid akupitiriza kudzaza fupa la mafupa, palibe malo a maselo athanzi a magazi. Chifukwa palibe malo, fupa la mafupa limasiya kupanga maselo athanzi a magazi. Popanda maselo atsopano athanzi a magazi, thupi silipeza zinthu zomwe limafunikira kuti ligwire ntchito bwino.

Komanso, pamene maselo a myeloid blast amenewa akupitirira kugawikana, amatuluka m'mafupa ndikupita m'magazi. Akalowa m'magazi, maselo a myeloid amenewa amapita ku ziwalo zina za thupi, kuphatikizapo dongosolo lanu la mitsempha, ubongo, ndi msana.

Kodi ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a AML?

Ngakhale akatswiri sakudziwa bwino chomwe chimayambitsa kusintha kwa majini komwe kumayambitsa AML, amadziwa zinthu zina (zoopsa) zomwe zimawonjezera chiopsezo chanu chotenga matendawa. (Tikamaganizira za zoopsa, ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti kukhala ndi chiopsezo sikutanthauza kuti mutenga matendawa. ) Zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa AML ndi izi:

• Zaka: Pafupifupi theka la anthu omwe ali ndi AML amakhala ndi zaka 65 kapena kuposerapo akapezeka ndi matendawa. Komabe, monga tanenera kale, AML nthawi zambiri imapezeka mwa akuluakulu, komanso imapezekanso mwa ana.
• Kusuta: Izi zikuphatikizapo kupuma utsi wa munthu wina.
• Mankhwala a khansa: Zinthu monga chemotherapy ndi radiation therapy.
• Kukumana ndi mankhwala enaake omwe amayambitsa khansa kwa nthawi yayitali: Zitsanzo zikuphatikizapo zinthu monga benzene ndi formaldehyde.
• Kukhudzidwa ndi mphamvu ya radiation yochuluka yochokera ku ngozi ya nyukiliya kapena bomba la atomiki.
• Matenda ena obadwa nawo m'majini.
• Matenda ena a m'mafupa.

Ndi matenda ati a majini omwe amawonjezera chiopsezo cha AML?

Ofufuza apeza kuti kusintha kwina kwa majini komwe kunabadwa nako kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha matenda a AML. Zina mwa izi ndi izi:

• Matenda a Down
• Ataxia telangiectasia
• Matenda a Li-Fraumeni
• Matenda a Klinefelter
• Kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi (Fanconi anemia)
• Matenda a Wiskott-Aldrich - Izi zimakhudza kupanga ma platelet.
• Matenda a Bloom
• Matenda a Family Platelet Disorder - Iyi ndi matenda okhudzana ndi ma platelet.

Ndi matenda ati a m'mafupa omwe amawonjezera chiopsezo cha AML?

Anthu ena omwe ali ndi myeloproliferative neoplasms, kapena matenda a myeloproliferative, amatha kukhala ndi acute myeloid leukemia. (Myelo amatanthauza mafupa. Proliferative amatanthauza kukula kwambiri.) Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda otsatirawa ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga AML:

• Polycythemia vera
• Myelofibrosis
• Kuchuluka kwa magazi m'magazi (thrombocytosis)
• Matenda a Myelodysplastic
• Kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi

Kodi mavuto omwe angakhalepo chifukwa cha AML ndi ati?

Poyamba, matenda a myeloid leukemia amakhudza kuchuluka kwa maselo ofiira a magazi abwinobwino, maselo oyera a magazi, ndi ma platelet m'thupi lanu. Ngati mulibe maselo a magazi ndi ma platelet okwanira athanzi, mutha kukumana ndi matenda monga:

• Kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi - izi zikutanthauza kusowa kwa magazi.
• Thrombocytopenia - Izi zikutanthauza kusowa kwa ma platelet.
• Pancytopenia - Izi zikutanthauza kuchepa kwa mitundu yonse ya maselo a magazi ndi ma platelet.

Kodi AML imapezedwa bwanji? (Kuzindikira)

Madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito mayeso angapo kuti adziwe AML, kuphatikizapo mayeso a majini kuti adziwe mtundu weniweni wa AML. Gawo loyamba nthawi zambiri ndi kuyezetsa thupi. Izi zimaphatikizapo kuwona ngati pali mabala, kutuluka magazi, komanso matenda. Amawonanso kutupa m'ziwalo monga chiwindi, ndulu, ndi ma lymph nodes.

Ndi mayeso ati omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pozindikira AML?

Mungafunike kuchita chimodzi kapena zingapo mwa izi:

• Kuchuluka kwa magazi (CBC)
• Kuyeza magazi m'thupi - Izi zimaphatikizapo kutenga magazi ndikuwayang'ana pansi pa maikulosikopu.
• Kufufuza za mafupa a m'mafupa - Pa izi, chitsanzo chaching'ono cha mafupa chimatengedwa ndikuwunikidwa.
• Kupopera msana - Izi nthawi zina zimachitika pofuna kuyang'ana maselo a khansa m'madzi ozungulira msana.

Kodi mayeso a majini omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pozindikira AML ndi ati?

Akatswiri azachipatala amachita mayeso a majini kuti adziwe mtundu weniweni wa AML. Amafufuza kusintha (kusintha kwa majini) m'ma chromosome kapena majini ena. Mtundu wa AML ukadziwika, zimakhala zosavuta kwa madokotala kusankha mankhwala omwe angachiritse AML. Mayeso ena enieni omwe amachitika pachifukwa ichi ndi awa:

• Immunohistochemistry: Mu izi, maselo amapaka utoto ndikuwunika pogwiritsa ntchito maikulosikopu. Njira yopaka utoto imasiyana malinga ndi mankhwala omwe ali m'maselo.
• Kuchuluka kwa madzi m'thupi (flow cytometry).
• Mayeso a Karyotype.
• Kusakaniza kwa Fluorescence-in-situ (FISH): Izi zimatha kuzindikira kusintha kwa ma chromosome.

Kodi mankhwala a AML ndi otani?

Njira zochiritsira zimaphatikizapo mankhwala a chemotherapy, chithandizo cholunjika (kuphatikizapo monoclonal antibody therapy), kapena kupatsa maselo oyambira a allogeneic. Njira zochiritsira zomwezo zilipo kwa akuluakulu ndi ana. Cholinga chachikulu cha chithandizo ndikukwaniritsa kuchira kwathunthu kwa AML.Mu AML, 'kuchira kwathunthu' kumatanthauza kuti kuchuluka kwa magazi anu kumakhala bwino pa mayeso. Zimatanthauzanso kuti madokotala sangathe kuwona maselo aliwonse a khansa akayang'ana chitsanzo cha mafuta anu a m'mafupa pogwiritsa ntchito maikulosikopu.

Mankhwala a Chemotherapy a AML

Pali magawo atatu akuluakulu a chemotherapy ya AML - kuyambitsa, kuphatikiza, ndi kusamalira.

Chithandizo choyambitsa kuchotsedwa kwa mpweya

Iyi ndi sitepe yoyamba yochotseratu AML. Chithandizo nthawi zambiri chimatenga masiku angapo. Anthu ena angafunike maulendo awiri kapena kuposerapo a chithandizo choyambachi kuti achotse AML kwathunthu. Madokotala angagwiritse ntchito mankhwala otsatirawa a chemotherapy pa chithandizo choyambachi:

• Cytarabine (Cytosar-U®)
• Daunorubicin (Cerubidine®)
• Idarubicin (Idamycin®)
• Azacitidine (Vidaza®)
• Decitabine (Dacogen®)
• Glasdegib (Daurismo®)
• Venetoclax (Venclexta®, Venclyxto®)

Malinga ndi akatswiri, chithandizo choyamba ichi:

• Ana ndi achinyamata opitilira 60% amachira.
• Pafupifupi 75% ya akuluakulu azaka 60 ndi pansi amachira.
• Pafupifupi 50% ya anthu opitirira zaka 60 amachira.

Chithandizo chophatikiza

Mankhwala ophatikizana amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupha maselo onse a khansa otsala. Izi zimachepetsa chiopsezo chobwereranso kwa khansa. Anthu ambiri amapatsidwa cytarabine (Ara-C) kapena HiDAC yochuluka kwa masiku asanu pamwezi kwa miyezi itatu kapena inayi.

Chithandizo chokonza

Nthawi zambiri, AML imachiritsidwa ndi mankhwala ophatikizana. Komabe, nthawi zina, madokotala angalimbikitse kupitiliza kulandira mankhwala a chemotherapy pa mlingo wochepa. Chithandizo chosamalira chingapitirire kwa miyezi kapena zaka. Mankhwala a chemotherapy omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito posamalira angaphatikizepo:

• Azacitidine (Vidaza®)
• Decitabine (Dacogen®)
• Midostaurin (Rydapt®)

Chithandizo cholunjika

Monga momwe dzinalo likusonyezera, chithandizochi chimayang'ana kusintha kwa majini m'maselo a khansa. Mwa kuyang'ana kusintha kumeneku, maselo a khansa amasiya kukula. Chithandizo cha ma antibodies a monoclonal ndi mtundu wa chithandizo cholunjika. Madokotala angagwiritse ntchito njira zolunjika pochiza AML yomwe sinayankhe mankhwala a chemotherapy kapena yomwe yabweranso:

• Madokotala angagwiritse ntchito mankhwala a chemotherapy monga Midostaurin (Rydapt®) kapena Gilteritinib (Xospata®) pochiza odwala a AML omwe ali ndi kusintha kwa majini a FTL3. Kusintha kumeneku kumapezeka mwa anthu 25% mpaka 30% omwe ali ndi AML.
• Enasidenib (IDHIFA®) kapena Ivosidenib (Tibsovo®) ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pochiza anthu omwe ali ndi AML chifukwa cha kusintha kwa majini awo a X.

Kusamutsa maselo oyambira a allogeneic

Kuika maselo oyamba a allogeneic kumagwiritsa ntchito maselo oyamba ochokera kwa wopereka wogwirizana kapena wosagwirizana. Madokotala amatha kupeza maselo oyamba awa kuchokera ku mafupa, magazi ozungulira, kapena magazi a chingwe (magazi otengedwa kuchokera ku chingwe cha umbilical atabadwa).

Mavuto kapena zotsatirapo zake pa chithandizo

Pafupifupi mankhwala onse a khansa amakhala ndi zotsatirapo zake. Mu AML, kusamutsa maselo oyambira kumakhala ndi zotsatirapo zake zoyipa kwambiri. Chemotherapy ingayambitse vuto lotchedwa myelosuppression, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti thupi lanu limataya maselo amagazi ndi ma platelet ambiri. Zotsatirapo za mankhwala ochizira zimasiyana malinga ndi mankhwala omwe agwiritsidwa ntchito.

Kumvetsetsa zotsatirapo zake ndikofunikira kuti mudziwe momwe chithandizo cha khansa chingakhudzire moyo wanu watsiku ndi tsiku. Dokotala wanu ndiye munthu wabwino kwambiri wodziwa za zotsatirapo zake za chithandizo chanu. Anthu ena angapindule ndi chithandizo chochepetsa ululu kuti athetse zotsatirapo zake.

Kodi AML ingachiritsidwe kwathunthu?

Pakadali pano, kuyika maselo oyambira a allogeneic ndiyo njira yokhayo yochiritsira khansa ya m'magazi ya myeloid. Kutengera ndi matenda anu, dokotala wanu angakulangizeni kuti muyike maselo oyambira ngati chithandizo chanu choyamba cha AML. Kapena, ngati AML yanu yabweranso mkati mwa miyezi 12, chithandizochi chingakulimbikitseni. Tsoka ilo, si aliyense amene ali woyenera kuyika maselo oyambira.

Kodi AML imadziwika bwanji?

Ponena za matenda a khansa ya m'magazi yoopsa (acute myeloid leukemia), pali zinthu ziwiri: Choyamba ndi kuchira kwathunthu. China ndi kubwereranso, komwe ndi pamene AML imayambanso.

• Ponseponse, akuti pakati pa 50% ndi 80% ya anthu omwe ali ndi khansa ya m'magazi yoopsa adzachira kwathunthu atalandira chithandizo. Ana ndi anthu osakwana zaka 60 ali ndi mwayi waukulu wochira kwathunthu. Kuchira kumeneku kumatha kwa miyezi kapena zaka.
• Pafupifupi 50% ya anthu omwe achira kwathunthu adzadwalanso AML. Ngati izi zitachitika, madokotala angakulangizeni kuti muwonjezere mankhwala a chemotherapy kapena muike maselo oyambira. Angakulangizenso kuti mutenge nawo mbali mu mayeso azachipatala.

Ngati inu kapena mwana wanu ali ndi AML, funsani dokotala wanu zomwe mungayembekezere.

Kodi chiwerengero cha anthu omwe ali ndi AML chimawonjezeka bwanji?

Matenda a myeloid leukemia ndi matenda ovuta kuwazindikira. Popeza pali mitundu ingapo ya AML, n'zovuta kufotokoza bwino nthawi yomwe matendawa adzachitike.

Mwachitsanzo, kuchuluka kwa ana osakwana zaka 15 omwe ali ndi moyo wa zaka zisanu ndi 67%. Koma kafukufuku wina akusonyeza kuti kuchuluka kwa ana omwe ali ndi mtundu wa APL omwe ali ndi moyo wa zaka zisanu ndi oposa 80%. Zaka nazonso zimakhudza. Pa avareji, 30% ya akuluakulu omwe ali ndi AML amakhala ndi moyo zaka zisanu atapezeka ndi matendawa. Kumbukirani kuti AML nthawi zambiri imayamba mwa anthu omwe ali ndi zaka 60 kapena kuposerapo, komanso omwe angakhale ndi mavuto ena azaumoyo.

Ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti kuchuluka kwa anthu omwe ali ndi AML kukuwonetsa zomwe anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi AML adakumana nazo. Deta iyi ikuphatikizapo kuchuluka kwa anthu omwe adapulumuka kuyambira 2012 mpaka 2018, ndipo tsopano pali njira zatsopano komanso zothandiza kwambiri zochizira AML.

Zinthu zambiri zimakhudza nthawi yomwe mudzakhala ndi khansa ya m'magazi yoopsa. Izi zikutanthauza kuti madokotala anu, omwe amadziwa mbiri yanu yachipatala komanso thanzi lanu lonse, ndi anthu abwino kwambiri kudziwa za izi.

Kodi AML ingapewedwe?

Ayi, khansa ya m'magazi ya myeloid yoopsa singapewedwe. Ngakhale akatswiri amadziwa kuti AML imayamba chifukwa cha kusintha kwa majini, sakudziwa chomwe chimayambitsa. Koma amadziwa za zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa AML. Nazi zinthu zina zomwe zingachititse AML:

• Kusuta: Izi zikuphatikizapo utsi wa fodya womwe anthu ena amasuta. Ngati mumasuta, yesani kusiya. Ngati mumakhala kapena kugwira ntchito ndi munthu amene amasuta, yesani kuchepetsa nthawi yomwe mumakhala naye akamasuta.
• Kukumana ndi mankhwala enaake omwe amayambitsa khansa kwa nthawi yayitali: makamaka benzene ndi formaldehyde. Ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala amenewa, tsatirani njira zonse zodzitetezera, monga kuvala zovala zodzitetezera.

Kodi ndimadzisamalira bwanji? (Kudzisamalira)

Kukhala ndi khansa yomwe ingabwererenso sikophweka. Kulowa nawo mapulogalamu opulumutsa khansa ndi njira imodzi yomwe mungadzisamalire nokha. Mwina simungathe kuletsa khansa ya m'magazi ya myeloid kuti isabwererenso. Koma mutha kuchitapo kanthu kuti mukhale ndi thanzi labwino, zivute zitani. Nazi malingaliro ena:

• Chithandizo cha khansa ya m'magazi ya myeloid yoopsa chingakhudze zakudya zanu.Muyenera kudya bwino kuti mukhale ndi mphamvu. Ngati mukuvutika kudya, lankhulani ndi katswiri wa zakudya.
• Zotsatirapo za chithandizo cha AML zingakhale zovuta kuzithetsa. Ngati pakufunika, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za chisamaliro chochepetsa ululu.
• Khansa ndi vuto lovuta kwambiri. Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kungakuthandizeni kuchepetsa nkhawa. Koma lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu musanayambe pulogalamu yatsopano yolimbitsa thupi.
• Khansa ingakupangitseni kumva kusungulumwa. Matenda a AML ndi matenda osowa kwambiri. Mungachite mantha kulankhula za matenda anu. Ngati ndi choncho, ganizirani zolowa nawo gulu lothandizira.
• Matenda a myeloid leukemia acute angakupangitseni kumva kutopa kwambiri. Mankhwalawa angakuchepetsereni mphamvu. Kumbukirani kugona mokwanira momwe mukufunira.

Kodi ndiyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?

Mudzaonana ndi dokotala wanu nthawi zonse pamene mukuchira, makamaka ngati mukulandira chithandizo chosamalira. Dokotala wanu adzakuuzani zizindikiro zomwe zingakhale zizindikiro za AML yanu ikubweranso. Izi zidzakuthandizani kudziwa nthawi yoti mulankhule naye kuti akupatseni chithandizo chatsopano kapena chowonjezera.

Ndi mafunso ati omwe ndiyenera kufunsa dokotala wanga?

Ngati muli ndi AML, mungafune kudzifunsa mafunso awa:

• Kodi ndili ndi mtundu wanji wa AML?
• Kodi njira zanga zochiritsira ndi ziti?
• Kodi zoopsa ndi zotsatirapo zake za chithandizo ndi ziti?
• Kodi ndingathe bwanji kuthana ndi zotsatirapo zoyipa za chithandizo?
• Kodi ndi chisamaliro chotani chomwe ndikufunika pambuyo pa chithandizo?
• Kodi ndiyenera kusamala ndi zizindikiro za mavuto?
• Kodi pali mayesero aliwonse azachipatala omwe ndiyenera kuganizira?

Pomaliza, zinthu zoti muzikumbukira

Matenda a Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) ndi khansa yosowa kwambiri yomwe imakhudza mafupa ndi magazi anu. Matenda a AML nthawi zambiri amakhudza anthu azaka zopitilira 65, koma amathanso kukhudza ana ndi achinyamata. Chifukwa cha mankhwala atsopano, anthu ambiri tsopano akukhala ndi AML bwino atatha kulandira chithandizo. Ngakhale khansayo ikhoza kubwereranso, ofufuza azachipatala akupitiliza kufufuza njira zochizira AML yomwe imabwereranso.

Ngati inu kapena mwana wanu muli ndi khansa ya m'magazi yoopsa, mungamve ngati mwatayidwa kuchokera pansi panthaka kupita kunyanja yosatsimikizika. Mungadabwe ngati chithandizo chingakupatseni mpumulo. Ngati ndi choncho, mungada nkhawa kuti mpumulowo udzakhalapo kwa nthawi yayitali bwanji. Madokotala anu akumvetsa momwe mukumvera. Adzakhala nanu pamene mukulimbana ndi mavuto a AML. Choncho khalani olimba mtima ndipo musazengereze kupeza thandizo lomwe mukufuna.

` Acute myeloid leukemia, AML, khansa ya m'magazi, mafuta am'mafupa, zizindikiro, chemotherapy, kuyika maselo oyambira