Kodi inunso muli ndi vuto la ziwengo? Tiyeni tiphunzire zambiri zokhudza ziwengo.

Kodi nthawi zina mumayabwa popanda chifukwa? Kodi mumamva ngati muli ndi chimfine ndipo mphuno yanu yatsekeka? Zitha kukhala chifukwa cha chinthu chomwe simukuchiganizira nkomwe. Timachitcha kuti 'allergy'. Anthu ambiri sadziwa zambiri za icho. Tiyeni tikambirane mwatsatanetsatane lero, chifukwa chimakhudza anthu ambiri.

Kodi vuto la ziwengo limeneli ndi chiyani kwenikweni?

Mwachidule, ziwengo ndi zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha chitetezo cha mthupi la munthu. Taganizirani izi motere: thupi lathu lili ndi chitetezo chamthupi, timachitcha chitetezo chamthupi . Zili ngati gulu lankhondo lomwe limateteza dziko. Dongosololi limalimbana ndi majeremusi, mabakiteriya, ndi mavairasi omwe amachokera kunja ndipo amatiletsa kudwala. Koma nthawi zina, zinthu zomwe sizili zoopsa kwa ife - mwachitsanzo, mungu, fumbi, ndi zakudya zina - zikalowa m'thupi lathu, chitetezo chathu chamthupi chimaganiza molakwika kuti ichi ndi mdani wamkulu. Kenako chimayamba kulimbana nacho mosafunikira. Ndicho chifukwa chake timangotcha ziwengo. Izi ndi zomwe zimatipangitsa kukhala ndi zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana, monga kuyabwa ndi kuyetsemula.

Kodi ndi ziwengo ziti zomwe tingakhale nazo nthawi zambiri?

Pali zinthu zambiri zomwe tingakhale ndi ziwengo nazo, koma nazi zina mwa zomwe zimafala kwambiri:

• Ululu wa njuchi ndi tizilombo tina: Anthu ena akhoza kukhala ndi vuto lalikulu la ziwengo chifukwa cha kulumidwa ndi nyama monga mavu ndi mavu.
• Nthata za fumbi: Izi ndi zolengedwa zazing'ono kwambiri zomwe sizingaoneke ndi maso. Zimakhala m'fumbi m'nyumba zathu. Zimapezeka kwambiri m'matiresi, mapilo, ndi makapeti.
• Zakudya: Anthu ena ali ndi vuto la ziwengo ku zakudya monga mkaka, mazira, mtedza, soya, nsomba, nkhanu, ndi nkhanu.
• Mankhwala: Mankhwala ena, monga mankhwala ochepetsa ululu ndi maantibayotiki, angayambitsenso ziwengo.
• Nkhungu: Nkhungu zomwe zimamera m'malo omwe ali ndi chinyezi chambiri, monga makoma akale, zimatha kuyambitsa ziwengo ngati zitapumidwa.
• Ziweto: Anthu ena ali ndi vuto la ubweya, malovu, ndi maselo a khungu akufa a nyama monga agalu ndi amphaka. Tangoganizirani, mutakhudza mphaka kunyumba kwa mnzanu, mumayamba kuyetsemula ndipo maso anu amafiira. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mungakhale ndi vuto la mphaka.
• Matenda a dermatitis okhudzana ndi kukhudzana ndi khungu: Mankhwala ena, sopo, zitsulo (monga nickel), ndi zomera zina zimatha kuyambitsa ziphuphu zikakhudza khungu .
• Utoto: Ichi ndiye chifukwa chachikulu cha chimfine ndi kuyabwa kwa maso mwa anthu ambiri nthawi ya masika.

Kodi zizindikiro za ziwengo ndi ziti?

Zizindikirozi zimatha kusiyana malinga ndi munthu, komanso zimatengera zomwe muli ndi vuto la ziwengo. Onani mndandanda uwu:

• Kukwiya pakhungu, ziphuphu, kapena ziphuphu.
• Kuyabwa.
• Kutsinya, mphuno yodzaza, mphuno yotuluka madzi.
• Kuvuta kupuma, monga kukhosomola ndi kupuma movutikira.
• Maso oyabwa, odzaza ndi madzi.
• Kutupa kwa nkhope, milomo, lilime, kapena pakhosi.
• Kuvuta kupuma, kuvutika kumeza.
• Kusanza kapena kutsegula m'mimba.
• Kuthamanga kwa magazi pang'ono.

Tsopano, ngati mutakhudza chinthu chomwe muli ndi vuto la ziwengo, mungayambe kutupa pakhungu. Koma ngati mutapuma mpweya monga mungu kapena dander ya nyama, mwina mudzakhala ndi mphuno yotuluka madzi ndi kuyetsemula. Ziwengo za zakudya, mankhwala, poizoni wa mavu, ndi zina zingakhale zoopsa kwambiri. Zingayambitsenso kutupa pakhosi panu ndikupangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kupuma. Timatcha izi kuti "Anaphylaxis." Izi ndi zadzidzidzi ndipo zimafunika chithandizo mwachangu.

Kodi ziwengo zimenezi zimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji?

Zizindikiro zimenezi nthawi zambiri zimakhalapo kwa nthawi yonse yomwe munthu wakumana ndi vuto la allergen. Ziwengo zina zimayamba pakatha mphindi zochepa. Zina zimaonekera patatha maola kapena masiku angapo. Zizindikiro nthawi zambiri zimatha pakatha maola ochepa munthu wakumana ndi vuto la allergen. Komabe, ziwengo zina pakhungu, monga contact dermatitis, zimatha kwa milungu ingapo.

Nchifukwa chiyani timadwala matendawa?

Chitetezo chathu cha mthupi chimasokoneza mapuloteni m'zinthu zopanda vuto monga mungu, dander ya nyama, mankhwala ena, ndi zakudya kuti zikhale chinthu choopsa, monga kachilombo kapena mabakiteriya. Kenako, tikamapuma zinthuzi, kuzidya, kapena kuzikhudza, thupi lathu limaganiza kuti ndi vuto lalikulu ndipo liyenera kuzichotsa. Pamenepo ndi pomwe zizindikiro zomwe tatchula kale zimawonekera.

Chofunika kwambiri n’chakuti nthawi zambiri ziwengo sizimachitika munthu akakumana ndi chinthu kamodzi kokha. Tikakumana ndi chinthu choyamba, thupi lathu limazindikira kuti ndi chinthu chachilendo ndipo limapanga mapuloteni apadera, otchedwa ma antibodies, motsutsana nacho. Timatcha njira imeneyi kuti "sensitization." Kenako, ngati chinthu chomwecho chilowanso m'thupi, ma antibodies omwe adapangidwawo amayatsidwa ndipo amapatsa chitetezo cha mthupi chizindikiro chakuti, "Apa pakubwera mdani, ukira." Pamenepo ndi pomwe zizindikiro za ziwengo zimawonekera.

Ndani ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matendawa?

Ngakhale kuti izi zingachitikire aliyense, anthu ena ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu:

• Ngati kholo lanu lili ndi ziwengo: Pali chikoka cha majini.
• Kwa iwo omwe ali ndi matenda monga mphumu kapena eczema: Matendawa ndi ofanana. Izi zimatchedwanso atopy.

Kodi madokotala amazindikira bwanji ziwengo?

Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro za ziwengo, dokotala akhoza kutsimikizira izi mwa kuchita mayeso ena.

• Kuyesa khungu:Chomwe mumachita ndi ichi ndichakuti, mumayika pang'ono chinthu chomwe mukuganiza kuti mungakhale nacho pakhungu lanu, ndikupanga kachidutswa kakang'ono kwambiri, kenako ndikuchibaya kudzera mmenemo. Ngati malowo afiira, kutupa, komanso kuyabwa mkati mwa mphindi 15-20, zikutanthauza kuti muli ndi vuto la chinthucho.
• Kuyezetsa magazi: Izi zimafufuza ngati muli ndi ma antibodies enaake (IgE) m'magazi anu omwe amapangidwa motsutsana ndi zinthu zina zomwe zimayambitsa ziwengo.

Dokotala adzakufunsani za zizindikiro zanu ndi zinthu zomwe mukukumana nazo (monga ntchito yanu, zosangalatsa zanu, ndi zina zotero) kuti adziwe mayeso omwe muyenera kuyezedwa.

Nthawi zina, kutengera ndi vuto la chifuwa lomwe mukuganiza kuti muli nalo, mungapatsidwe mayeso opumira, mayeso a mankhwala kapena chakudya, kapena mayeso a patch. Mayeso a patch amafufuza momwe khungu limachedwera kuchita zomwe zimachitika patatha masiku angapo.

Kodi mankhwala a ziwengo ndi ati?

Choyamba komanso chabwino kwambiri ndikukhala kutali ndi zinthu zomwe muli ndi vuto la ziwengo. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri ngati ziwengo zanu zili zazikulu mokwanira kuti zingayambitse anaphylaxis.

Komabe, n'zovuta kupewa zinthu monga fumbi ndi mungu zomwe zili paliponse. Zikatero, dokotala wanu angakulangizeni kuti mumwe mankhwala enaake tsiku lililonse kapena mulandire chithandizo china nthawi zonse. Izi zingathandize kuchepetsa zizindikiro zanu kapena kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda oopsa.

Kutengera ndi ziwengo zomwe muli nazo, zotsatirazi zitha kulangizidwa:

• Mankhwala oletsa histamine: Zitsanzo zake ndi monga mankhwala monga Fexofenadine (Allegra®), Loratadine (Claritin®), ndi Cetirizine (Zyrtec®). Mankhwalawa amagwira ntchito poletsa mankhwala otchedwa histamine, omwe amatulutsidwa munthu akakumana ndi vuto la ziwengo.
• Ma steroid spray a m'mphuno: Zitsanzo ndi monga Flonase® ndi Nasacort®. Izi zimachepetsa kutupa, kutsekeka, ndi kutuluka madzi m'mphuno.
• Mankhwala osinthira a leukotriene: Mankhwala monga Montelukast angathandizenso kuchepetsa zizindikiro za ziwengo, makamaka kwa anthu omwe ali ndi mphumu.
• Jakisoni wa Omalizumab (Xolair®): Izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa ziwengo zina za chakudya komanso ming'oma yosatha.
• Chithandizo cha matenda a ziwengo: Izi zimaphatikizapo kulowetsa pang'onopang'ono kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa ziwengo m'thupi lanu pakapita nthawi, zomwe zimathandiza thupi lanu kuzolowera. Izi zitha kuchitika ngati jakisoni (majakisoni a ziwengo), ngati piritsi loyikidwa pansi pa lilime (Sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT)), kapena ngati mankhwala akamwa (Oral immunotherapy (OIT)). Ichi ndi chithandizo cha nthawi yayitali chomwe chimachitika motsogozedwa ndi katswiri.

Ngati muli ndi vuto la ziwengo lomwe lingayambitse ziwengo kwambiri, dokotala wanu adzakuuzani kuti nthawi zonse muzinyamula epinephrine auto-injector (monga EpiPen® kapena Auvi-Q®). Muyenera kuigwiritsa ntchito nthawi yomweyo ngati mwayamba kudwala kwambiri.

Kodi ndiyenera kupita liti kwa dokotala kapena kuchipinda chodzidzimutsa?

Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro za ziwengo ndipo mukufuna kudziwa chomwe chimayambitsa, onani dokotala. Wopereka chithandizo chanu chachikulu angakutumizireni kwa katswiri, monga katswiri wa ziwengo kapena dermatologist, kuti akakuyezeninso.

Koma ngati mukukumana ndi zizindikiro izi, muyenera kupita kuchipatala nthawi yomweyo, kapena imbani 1990:

• Kutupa mwachangu kwa nkhope, milomo, lilime, kapena pakhosi.
• Kuvuta kupuma, kupuma movutikira, kulimba pachifuwa.
• Zilonda zomwe zimafalikira mofulumira m'thupi lonse.
• Kusagwira manja, mapazi, milomo.
• Kumva kufooka, chizungulire, kukomoka.
• Kumva mantha aakulu, kumva kuti tsoka likubwera.

Kodi ndingayembekezere chiyani ngati ndili ndi ziwengo?

Mtundu wa ziwengo zomwe muli nazo ndi umene udzakupatseni chithandizo. Ziwengo zomwe zimachitika nthawi zina, monga ziwengo zomwe zimayambitsa mungu ndi ziwengo zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi ziweto, nthawi zambiri zimakhala zosasangalatsa koma sizikuika moyo pachiswe. Komabe, ziwengo zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha chakudya, mankhwala, ndi poizoni wa mavu zimatha kukhala zoopsa kwambiri. Ngati muli ndi ziwengo zimenezi, nthawi zonse muyenera kunyamula epinephrine injector.

Kodi ndingatani kuti ndipeze mpumulo ndikakhala ndi zizindikiro za ziwengo?

Ngakhale panthawi ya chithandizo, ngati zizindikiro za ziwengo nthawi zina zimakuvutitsani, mutha kupeza mpumulo ndi zinthu izi:

• Mankhwala oletsa kutsekeka kwa mphuno (monga momwe dokotala wanenera) kapena mankhwala otsukira ndi saline angagwiritsidwe ntchito pochepetsa kutsekeka kwa mphuno ndi mphuno yotuluka madzi.
• Kuti muchepetse kuyabwa ndi kufiira kwa maso, pakani ndi nsalu yoyera yoviikidwa mu madzi oundana kapena gwiritsani ntchito madontho a maso (monga momwe dokotala wanenera) pa vuto la ziwengo.
• Sambani ndi kuvala zovala zatsopano (makamaka mukatuluka kunja) kuti muchotse zinthu zilizonse zomwe zingakupangitseni kukhala ndi vuto la khungu zomwe zingakupangitseni kukhala ndi vuto la khungu.
• Gwiritsani ntchito mafuta odzola omwe sapangitsa kuti khungu likhale louma kapena lopanda fungo loipa kuti muchepetse kuyabwa ndi ziphuphu pakhungu.

Kodi ziwengo zingapewedwe?

Palibe njira yopewera kuti ziwengo zisakule. Koma ngati muli kale ndi ziwengo, nazi zina zomwe mungachite kuti mupewe mavuto:

• Siyani kukhudza kapena kunyambita nyama zomwe muli ndi vuto la ziwengo. Sinthani zovala mukagwira nyama zotere. (Musalole kuti zilowe m'chipinda chanu chogona, pabedi panu, kapena pamipando yanu. Musakhudze zoseweretsa zawo.)
• Pukutani makapeti ndi makapeti nthawi zonse kuti muchotse zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa ziwengo monga fumbi, dander ya ziweto, ndi mungu. Pukutani fumbi ndi nsalu yonyowa.
• Zingakhale bwino ngati mungagwiritse ntchito ``High-efficiency particulate air filters (HEPA) air filters`` kuti muchotse zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa ziwengo mumlengalenga.
• Tsekani mawindo a nyumba yanu nthawi ya maluwa pachimake.
• Sinthani zosefera mu dongosolo la HVAC la nyumba yanu nthawi zonse.

Ngati muli ndi vuto la zakudya, werengani mosamala zilembo za zakudya. Sungani zakudya zomwe simuli ndi vuto la zakudya m'nyumba mwanu. Idyani kokha kuchokera kumalo omwe muli otsimikiza kuti mungadye popanda vuto lililonse. Onetsetsani kuti mwadziwitsa dokotala wanu za vuto lanu la zakudya mukamadya kunja.

Kodi ziwengo zimasintha ndi ukalamba?

Inde, ziwengo zimatha kusintha ndi ukalamba. Zimatengera kuchuluka kwa zomwe mukukumana nazo chifukwa cha ziwengo, kusintha kwa chitetezo cha mthupi lanu, ndi zina.

Nthawi zina, ziwengo zomwe zilipo kale zimatha kuipiraipira. Kapena, ziwengo zomwe zatha zitha kubwereranso. Nthawi zina, ziwengo zomwe zilipo kale zimatha kuchira pakapita nthawi - mwachitsanzo, ngati muli ndi ziwengo ku amphaka, ziwengo zanu zitha kuchepa ngati mutakhala nthawi yayitali pafupi nawo (izi zimatchedwa "kulekerera", koma sizichitika kwa aliyense). Komanso, anthu ena amatha kukhala ndi ziwengo zatsopano akamakula.

Pomaliza, ndiyenera kukuuzani izi ...

Matenda a ziwengo ndi gawo la moyo watsiku ndi tsiku kwa anthu mamiliyoni ambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Kwa ena, n'zachibadwa kukhala ndi mphuno yotuluka madzi ndi kuyetsemula nthawi iliyonse masika. Kwa ena, zimakhala zovuta kuti khungu lawo lisaonekere kwa galu wokondedwa wapafupi. Matenda a ziwengo ndi mankhwala ndi oopsa kwambiri - zomwe zikutanthauza kuti muyenera kuwerenga mosamala zilembo za zakudya ndikusamala ndi mankhwala atsopano.

Koma kumbukirani kuti pali zinthu zambiri zomwe mungachite kuti muchepetse ziwengo zanu. Ngati muli ndi mafunso kapena nkhawa zokhudzana ndi izi, musazengereze kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu. Mwanjira imeneyi, mutha kudziwa bwino zomwe zili zabwino kwa inu.

Ndikukhulupirira kuti izi zikuthandizani. Khalani ndi thanzi labwino!

Ziwengo , zizindikiro, chithandizo, matenda a pakhungu, kupuma movutikira, chitetezo chamthupi, (Anaphylaxis)