Kodi mudamvapo kuti chitetezo cha thupi lathu, 'gulu lankhondo' lomwe limayenera kutiteteza ku matenda ochokera kunja, nthawi zina limasochera ndikuyamba kuukira maselo athu abwino? Ndicho chimene timangotcha matenda odziteteza okha. Ngakhale kuti nkhaniyi ndi yovuta pang'ono, lero tikambirana mwachidule, m'njira yomwe mungamvetse.
Kodi matenda a autoimmune awa ndi chiyani kwenikweni?
Taganizirani izi, thupi lathu lili ngati dziko. Pali gulu lankhondo laluso loteteza dziko lino. Gulu lankhondo ili ndi chitetezo chathu chamthupi . Ntchito yayikulu ya gulu lankhondo ili ndi kuzindikira adani akunja, kutanthauza majeremusi monga mavairasi ndi mabakiteriya, kumenyana nawo ndikutiteteza ku matenda. Zida zapadera zomwe amagwiritsa ntchito pankhondoyi zimatchedwa ma antibodies .
Komabe, munthu akakhala ndi matenda a autoimmune, chitetezo chamthupi chake chimasokonekera. Zili ngati asilikali akuganizira nzika zawo ngati adani. Chifukwa cha ngoziyi, chitetezo chamthupi chimayamba kupanga ma antibodies (otchedwa ma autoantibodies ) omwe amaukira maselo athu athanzi, minofu, ndi ziwalo.
Mwachidule, matenda odziteteza okha ndi momwe chitetezo cha thupi lathu chimakhalira mdani wathu.
Madokotala tsopano apeza mitundu yoposa 100 ya matenda odziteteza ku matenda ena. Ena mwa matenda amenewa amakhudza chiwalo chimodzi chokha, pomwe ena amatha kukhudza thupi lonse.
Kodi matenda ofala kwambiri a autoimmune ndi ati?
Ngakhale kuti pali mitundu yambiri ya matenda amenewa, pali ochepa omwe amamveka bwino komanso amapezeka m'dziko lathu. Tiyeni tiwone.
| Dzina la Matenda | Kufotokozera mwachidule |
|---|---|
| Matenda a Nyamakazi (RA) | Pa vutoli, chitetezo cha mthupi chimaukira nembanemba yozungulira malo olumikizirana mafupa, zomwe zimapangitsa kutupa, kupweteka kwambiri, ndipo pamapeto pake mafupa amawonongeka kosatha. |
| Lupus (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus - SLE) | Lupus imatha kuukira minofu kulikonse m'thupi. Nthawi zambiri imakhudza mafupa, mapapo, maselo amagazi, mitsempha, ndi impso. |
| Matenda a Shuga a Mtundu 1 | Izi zimaukira ndikuwononga maselo opanga insulin mu kapamba, zomwe zimalepheretsa thupi kupanga insulin. |
| Matenda a pakhungu (Psoriasis) | Pankhaniyi, chitetezo cha mthupi chimauza maselo a khungu kuti agawikane mofulumira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhungu pakhale mawanga asiliva komanso otupa. |
| Matenda a Multiple Sclerosis (MS) | Chitetezo cha mthupi chimaukira maselo amitsempha muubongo ndi msana, zomwe zimayambitsa zizindikiro monga kupweteka, kusawona bwino, dzanzi, ndi kugwedezeka kwa minofu. |
| Matenda a chithokomiro (Matenda a Hashimoto / Graves) | Pa vutoli, ma antibodies amaukira chithokomiro. Nthawi zina kupanga mahomoni kumatha kuchepa (hypothyroidism) kapena kuwonjezeka (hyperthyroidism). |
N’chifukwa chiyani izi zikuchitika? Kodi zifukwa zake ndi ziti?
Ndipotu, asayansi sakudziwabe chomwe chimayambitsa matenda a autoimmune, koma pali zinthu zingapo zomwe zikuganiziridwa kuti zimayambitsa matendawa.
- Majini: Matenda ena a autoimmune amatha kufalikira kuchokera ku mibadwomibadwo. Ngati wina m'banja mwanu ali ndi matendawa, muli pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matendawa. Komabe, kukhala ndi majini sikutanthauza kuti mudzakhala ndi matendawa.
- Matenda: Amakhulupirira kuti pambuyo pa matenda enaake a mavairasi kapena mabakiteriya, chitetezo cha mthupi chimasiya kugwira ntchito bwino ndipo mtundu uwu wa matenda ukhoza kuyamba.
- Zinthu zokhudzana ndi chilengedwe: Zinthu monga kusuta fodya komanso kukhudzana ndi mankhwala osiyanasiyana oopsa zingakhudzenso izi.
- Mankhwala ena: Ngakhale kuti ndi osowa, mankhwala ena amatha kusokoneza chitetezo cha mthupi. Nthawi zonse lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za mankhwala omwe mukumwa.
Komanso, matenda a autoimmune amapezeka kwambiri mwa akazi kuposa amuna. Kunenepa kwambiri ndi chinthu china chomwe chimayambitsa vutoli.
Kodi zizindikiro zake ndi ziti?
Zizindikiro za matenda a autoimmune zimasiyana kwambiri. Zimasiyana malinga ndi chiwalo chomwe chakhudzidwa ndi mtundu wa matenda. Komabe, matenda ambiri a autoimmune ali ndi zizindikiro zingapo zofanana.
- Kupweteka kwa mafupa ndi kutupa
- Kutopa
- Maloto oipa pafupipafupi
- Ziphuphu pakhungu
- Kupweteka m'mimba kapena mavuto a m'mimba
- Ma glands otupa
- Kumva kuti simukudwala
Zizindikiro zimenezi zimabwera ndi kutha. Pakhoza kukhala nthawi zotupa ndi nthawi zopuma.
Kodi dokotala amazindikira bwanji izi?
Kuzindikira matenda a autoimmune nthawi zina kumakhala kovuta komanso kotenga nthawi, chifukwa zizindikiro zake zimafanana ndi za matenda ena ofala.
Mukapita kukaonana ndi dokotala wanu, choyamba adzakufunsani funso latsatanetsatane lokhudza zizindikiro zanu, mbiri ya matenda a m'banja lanu, ndi zina zotero. Kenako, adzakulangizani mayeso angapo kuti atsimikizire matendawa.
- Kuyesa Magazi: Iyi ndiyo njira yaikulu. Izi zikuphatikizapo mayeso a Antinuclear Antibody (ANA) , omwe amafufuza ma autoantibodies m'magazi omwe amaukira maselo a thupi, mayeso a ESR ndi CRP , omwe amafufuza kutupa m'magazi, komanso kuchuluka kwa magazi (CBC).
- Mayeso Ojambula: Mayeso monga X-ray, ultrasound scan, ndi MRI scan amatha kuzindikira kuwonongeka kwa ziwalo zamkati kapena mafupa.
Dokotala adzazindikira matenda molondola mwa kuphatikiza zotsatira za mayesowa ndi zizindikiro zanu.
Kodi imachiritsidwa bwanji?
Palibe mankhwala a matenda odziteteza okha . Koma musadandaule. Pali njira zambiri zothandiza zomwe zilipo masiku ano zomwe zingathandize kuwongolera matendawa, kuchepetsa zizindikiro, komanso kukuthandizani kukhala ndi moyo wabwinobwino.
Pali zolinga ziwiri zazikulu za chithandizo:
1. Kulamulira chitetezo chamthupi chomwe chimagwira ntchito mopitirira muyeso: Pachifukwa ichi, dokotala wanu angakupatseni mankhwala monga ma steroids ndi mankhwala enaake omwe amachepetsa ntchito ya chitetezo chamthupi (mankhwala oletsa chitetezo chamthupi).
2. Kuthana ndi zizindikiro: Chithandizo chimadalira zizindikiro, monga mankhwala ochepetsa ululu, mafuta odzola pakhungu, jakisoni wa insulin chifukwa cha kusowa kwa insulin, ndi mapiritsi a mahomoni chifukwa cha kusowa kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro.
Kuwonjezera pa mankhwala, kusintha moyo n'kofunika kwambiri.
- Kudya zakudya zopatsa thanzi
- Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi omwe amakuyenererani
- Kugona mokwanira ndi kupuma mokwanira
- Kuthetsa kupsinjika maganizo
Zonsezi zidzakuthandizani kwambiri pa vuto lanu. Chofunika kwambiri ndikulankhulana ndi dokotala wanu ndikutsatira malangizo ake molondola.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Matenda a autoimmune ndi pamene chitetezo cha mthupi chanu chimaukira ziwalo zathanzi za thupi lanu molakwika.
- Pali mitundu yoposa 100 ya matenda amenewa, ndipo matenda a nyamakazi, lupus, matenda a shuga amtundu woyamba, ndi psoriasis ndi omwe amapezeka kwambiri.
- Ngakhale kuti chifukwa chenicheni sichinapezeke, majini, matenda opatsirana, ndi zinthu zachilengedwe zitha kukhala ndi gawo.
- Kuzindikira matendawa kungatenge nthawi ndipo kumafuna kuyezetsa magazi ndi mayeso ena.
- Ngakhale kuti matenda amenewa sangachiritsidwe kwathunthu, amatha kuchiritsidwa bwino kwambiri ndi mankhwala ndi kusintha moyo.
- Ngati muli ndi kukayikira kapena zizindikiro zilizonse zokhudzana ndi izi, onetsetsani kuti mwafunsa dokotala wanu kuti akupatseni upangiri.
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