Kodi thupi lanu likamaukira ubongo wanu? (Autoimmune Encephalitis) Tiyeni tiphunzire za izi.

Kodi munayamba mwadzifunsapo zomwe zingachitike ngati chitetezo cha mthupi lanu, chitetezo cha mthupi , chikayamba kugwira ntchito motsutsana ndi ubongo wanu? Zikumveka zoopsa pang'ono, sichoncho? Umenewo ndi mtundu wa vuto lomwe tikambirane lero, lotchedwa Autoimmune Encephalitis (AE). Mwachidule, zomwe zimachitika chitetezo chathu cha mthupi, chomwe chimagwira ntchito ngati mlonda m'thupi lathu, chikaukira molakwika maselo athanzi mu ubongo wathu ndi zinthu zomwe zimanyamula mauthenga pakati pawo. Zili ngati mlonda wathu wa panyumba akuganiza kuti ndife wakuba ndipo akutiukira.

Ndiye kodi matenda a autoimmune encephalitis ndi chiyani?

Chabwino, tiyeni tifotokoze pang'ono. Autoimmune Encephalitis (AE) si matenda amodzi okha, ndi gulu la matenda. Mu zonsezi, mumakhala kutupa , kapena kutupa, mkati mwa ubongo wanu. Izi zili choncho chifukwa, monga tanenera kale, chitetezo chanu cha mthupi chimaukira molakwika mapuloteni ena ndi ma neurotransmitters m'maselo amitsempha a ubongo wanu. Taganizirani izi, ubongo wathu uli ngati kompyuta yovuta. Maselo amitsempha ndi ma neurotransmitters awa ali ngati mawaya ndi zizindikiro mkati mwake. Chifukwa chake, chitetezo cha mthupi chikaukira, dongosolo lonse limasokonekera. Ichi ndichifukwa chake zizindikiro monga kuiwala, kugwidwa ndi khunyu, ndi psychosis zimachitika.

Kodi zizindikiro za izi ndi ziti? Kodi timazizindikira bwanji?

Popeza pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya matenda a autoimmune encephalitis, zizindikiro zimatha kusiyana kwambiri. Komanso, zizindikirozi sizimawonekera mwadzidzidzi. Zimayamba pang'onopang'ono kwa milungu ingapo mpaka miyezi ingapo. Ngati inu kapena munthu amene mumamudziwa ali ndi zizindikirozi, ndikofunikira kufunafuna upangiri wa dokotala nthawi yomweyo.

Nazi zina mwa zinthu zomwe mungakumane nazo:

• Kumva ngati luso lanu lozindikira zinthu likuchepa pang'onopang'ono. Zili ngati ubongo wanu ukuchepa pang'ono.
• Mavuto okumbukira. Zimakhala zovuta kukumbukira zinthu zatsopano, ndipo mwina mungaiwalenso zinthu zakale.
• Kusokonezeka. Simungathe kudziwa komwe muli kapena zomwe mukuchita.
• Kugwidwa ndi khunyu. Nthawi zina izi zimakhala zovuta kuzithetsa ndi mankhwala wamba a khunyu.
• Kusuntha kosazolowereka. Mwachitsanzo, kuyenda kwa pakamwa ndi nkhope komwe kumabwerezedwa mobwerezabwereza, kugwedezeka kwa minofu, ndi kuyankha modzidzimutsa ngakhale chinthu chochepa kwambiri (`kuyankha modzidzimutsa mopitirira muyeso`).
• Kuvuta kulankhula (aphasia). Kuvuta kupanga mawu ndi kufotokoza malingaliro.
• Kulephera kulinganiza bwino (ataxia) kapena mavuto ogwirizana mukamayenda. Mungayende ngati munthu woledzera.
• Matenda amisala ('Psychosis').Izi zingaphatikizepo kuona, kumva, ndi kumva zinthu zomwe si zenizeni (zinthu zomwe sizili zenizeni). Zingayambitsenso kuganiza molakwika komanso mantha, zomwe ndi zikhulupiriro zabodza zomwe ena akuyesera kukuvulazani.

Chofunika: Ngati muli ndi chimodzi mwa zizindikiro izi, sizikutanthauza kuti muli ndi Autoimmune Encephalitis. Komabe, ngati muli ndi chimodzi mwa zizindikirozi, ndi bwino kupita kwa dokotala wodziwa bwino ntchito nthawi yomweyo ndikupita kuchipatala.

Ndi mavuto ena ati omwe angayambitse izi?

Matenda a autoimmune encephalitis angayambitse mavuto ngati sanalandire chithandizo choyenera, ndichifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuzindikira matendawa ndikuyamba kulandira chithandizo mwachangu.

• Kulephera kwamuyaya kwa luso loganiza ('Kulephera kuzindikira').
• Matenda a khunyu omwe amapitirira nthawi yayitali (`status epilepticus`).
• Chikomokere.
• Ngakhale imfa ingachitike. Koma izi zimachitika kawirikawiri ngati chithandizo sichikufunidwa kapena ngati chithandizo chachedwa.

N’chifukwa chiyani tili ndi izi? Kodi zifukwa zake ndi ziti?

Ofufuza amakhulupirira kuti matenda a autoimmune encephalitis amachitika pamene chitetezo chathu chamthupi chimapanga ma antibodies motsutsana ndi mapuloteni enaake pamwamba pa maselo athu amitsempha kapena mkati mwake. Ma antibodies amenewa amamangirira ku mapuloteni amenewo ndikuwaletsa kugwira ntchito. Izi zimayambitsa kutupa muubongo.

Monga matenda ambiri a autoimmune, sizikudziwika bwino chifukwa chake chitetezo chathu chamthupi chimaukira maselo athanzi mwanjira imeneyi. Nthawi zina, autoimmune encephalitis (AE) imatha kuchitika ndi khansa. Madokotala amatcha izi paraneoplastic AE. Nthawi zina, matenda monga kachilombo ka herpes simplex angayambitsenso. Komabe, kwa anthu ambiri, palibe chomwe chimayambitsa AE.

Ndani amene ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matendawa?

Ngati muli ndi zinthu izi, muli ndi mwayi woti mudwale matenda a autoimmune encephalitis:

• Ngati muli ndi khansa kapena ngati mwayamba khansa yatsopano, makamaka khansa ya m'mapapo ya maselo ang'onoang'ono, thymoma, ndi khansa ya m'chiberekero .
• Ngati mwatengapo mankhwala enaake oteteza chitetezo chamthupi (immuno checkpoint inhibitors) kuti mupeze khansa .
• Ngati munadwalapo matenda a ubongo (infective encephalitis) .

Komabe, ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti matenda a autoimmune encephalitis (AE) amatha kufalikira ngakhale popanda chilichonse mwa zinthuzi zoopsa.

Kodi matendawa amapezeka bwanji? Ndi mayeso ati omwe amafunika?

Madokotala amazindikira matenda a autoimmune encephalitis kutengera zizindikiro zomwe zimawonekera pakapita nthawi komanso zotsatira za mayeso zomwe zimasonyeza kutupa mkati mwa ubongo wanu.

Popeza pali matenda ena ambiri omwe angayambitse zizindikiro zofanana ndi za matenda a `AE` awa, mungafunike kuyesedwa kangapo. Nthawi zina zingatenge milungu ingapo kuti mupeze matenda. Musadandaule, madokotala adzachita zomwe zingakukomereni.

Izi ndi zina mwa mayeso ndi njira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pozindikira AE:

• Kuwunika thupi ndi kulemba mbiri yanu yonse yachipatala.
• Kuyezetsa kwapadera kokhudzana ndi dongosolo la mitsempha (`mayeso a mitsempha`).
• Mayeso a kuzindikira.
• Kuyezetsa magazi.
• Mayeso ojambulira ubongo. Mwachitsanzo, kusanthula ubongo wa MRI (`Brain MRI`).
• Kuyezetsa komwe kumaphatikizapo kumwa madzi a m'mitsempha ya ubongo (`Spinal tap`).
• Mayeso a EEG (Electroencephalogram). Izi zimayesa ntchito yamagetsi ya ubongo.

Dokotala wanu angakulangizeninso mayeso ena kuti athetse matenda ena.

Kodi mankhwala ochizira izi ndi otani?

Pali zolinga ziwiri zazikulu pochiza matenda a autoimmune encephalitis: kuletsa chitetezo chamthupi (immunosuppression) ndikuchotsa chotupa, ngati chilipo.

Chithandizo cha mzere woyamba

Mankhwalawa amagwira ntchito pochepetsa kutupa muubongo.

• Corticosteroids - Awa ndi mankhwala amphamvu omwe amachepetsa kutupa.
• Ma immunoglobulins a IV (IVIG) - Awa ndi mankhwala okhala ndi ma antibodies athanzi. Amaperekedwa kudzera m'mitsempha.
• Plasmapheresis - Iyi ndi njira yomwe ma antibodies oopsa amachotsedwa m'magazi anu ndipo magazi oyeretsedwa amabwezeretsedwa m'thupi lanu.

Nanga bwanji ngati chithandizochi sichikuyenda bwino?

Ngati chithandizo choyamba sichikupereka zotsatira zomwe mukufuna, madokotala angaganizire njira zina zothandizira, monga:

• Rituximab - Iyi ndi katemera wa mtundu wa monoclonal antibody.
• Cyclophosphamide - Izi zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati mankhwala a chemotherapy.

Nanga bwanji ngati pali chotupa?

Ngati mwapezeka ndi chotupa, gulu lanu lachipatala lingakulangizeni kuti muchotsedwe ndi opaleshoni kapena chemotherapy . Izi zingathandize kuti vuto lanu la AE lichiritsidwe mwachangu.

Kusamalira zizindikiro

Mungafunike mankhwala ena owonjezera kuti muchepetse zizindikiro za AE:

• Mankhwala oletsa kugunda kwa mtima- Kuchepetsa kapena kupewa matenda a khunyu.
• Mankhwala ochizira nkhawa ndi kuvutika maganizo. Zitsanzo zake ndi monga mankhwala ochepetsa nkhawa komanso ochepetsa nkhawa.
• Ngati pali vuto la maganizo (`psychosis`), ndiye kuti mankhwala amaperekedwa chifukwa cha zimenezo (`mankhwala oletsa matenda amisala`).

Kuphatikiza apo, chithandizo cha thupi, chithandizo cha ntchito, ndi/kapena chithandizo cha kulankhula chingathandize kwambiri pakufulumizitsa kuchira kwanu.

Kodi matendawa angachiritsidwe mpaka pati?

Kuchuluka kwa chithandizo cha matenda a autoimmune encephalitis (AE) kumasiyana malinga ndi munthu. Anthu ena amayankha bwino masiku oyamba a chithandizo. Ena angafunike kumwa mankhwala kwa milungu kapena miyezi.

N'zovuta kuti madokotala aneneretu momwe thupi lanu lidzayankhira chithandizo. Koma adzayang'anira thanzi lanu mosamala ndikukudziwitsani. Khulupirirani kuti madokotala adzakuthandizani.

Kodi munthu amene ali ndi matendawa ayenera kudwala matenda otani?

Kawirikawiri, ngati matenda a autoimmune encephalitis atapezeka ndi kuchiritsidwa msanga, chiopsezo cha mavuto a nthawi yayitali ndikubwereranso chikhoza kuchepetsedwa.

Koma AE si yofanana kwa aliyense. Ngati muli ndi matenda ena, monga khansa, zimenezo zingakhudzenso momwe mumaonera zinthu. Gulu lanu la zachipatala lingakuuzeni zomwe mungayembekezere.

Kodi iyi ndi matenda a moyo wonse?

Nthawi zambiri, matenda a autoimmune encephalitis amachira bwino akalandira chithandizo ndipo amakhala bwino. Komabe, kwa anthu ena, izi zingatenge nthawi yayitali. Komanso, AE imatha kubwereranso (kubwereranso), makamaka ngati khansa yanu siyikuchira bwino ikalandira chithandizo.

Matenda a autoimmune encephalitis ndi matenda oopsa omwe amafunika thandizo lachipatala mwachangu. Chifukwa pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana, zizindikiro zimatha kusiyana, ndipo kuzindikira matendawa kungatenge nthawi. Koma kumbukirani, gulu lanu lachipatala lidzagwira ntchito limodzi kuti lizindikire matendawa ndikuyamba chithandizo mwachangu.

Pomaliza, zinthu zoti muzikumbukira

Dzina lakuti Autoimmune Encephalitis lingakhale loopsa pang'ono, koma kudziwa zimenezi kungakuthandizeni kuchitapo kanthu mwachangu ngati zizindikiro zikuwonekera.

• Chomwe chimachitika pamenepa ndi chakuti chitetezo cha mthupi lanu chimaukira ubongo wanu.
• Zizindikiro monga mavuto okumbukira, kusokonezeka maganizo, khunyu, mayendedwe osazolowereka, kuvutika kulankhula, komanso kusintha kwa maganizo kungachitike.
• Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro izi, pitani kwa dokotala.
• Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuzindikira matendawa ndikuyamba kulandira chithandizo msanga.
• Pali chithandizo, ndipo anthu ambiri amachira.
• Nthawi zina matendawa amatha kubwereranso, choncho ndikofunikira kutsatira malangizo a dokotala.

Ngati inu kapena munthu amene mumamudziwa ali ndi mafunso ena okhudza izi, musaope kulankhula ndi dokotala. Iwo ndi okondwa kukuthandizani.

` Autoimmune Encephalitis, Kutupa kwa ubongo, Chitetezo cha mthupi, Kutaya kukumbukira, Khunyu, Matenda amisala