Mukayesedwa mabere, kaya ndi mammogram kapena ultrasound, ndipo mutalandira lipotilo, mungamve mantha pang'ono komanso chidwi mukawona mawu ndi manambala omwe ali pamenepo. Makamaka ngati pali mawu akuti 'BI-RADS' ndi nambala inayake, mungaganize kuti, 'O, ichi ndi chiyani?' Ndi zachilendo. Koma musadandaule. Lero tikambirana za tanthauzo la BI-RADS, tanthauzo lake lenileni, komanso momwe lingakhudzire thanzi lanu.
Kodi BI-RADS ndi chiyani kwenikweni?
Mwachidule, BI-RADS ndi chidule cha “Breast Imaging-Reporting and Data System.” Iyi ndi njira yokhazikika yomwe akatswiri a radiology amagwiritsa ntchito pofotokoza malipoti anu oyezetsa bere. Tangoganizirani, mosasamala kanthu komwe muli ku Sri Lanka kapena kulikonse padziko lapansi, aliyense amalankhula chilankhulo chimodzi. Njirayi imagwiritsa ntchito mayeso omwe mudachita, zomwe zikutanthauza:
- Mammography
- Ultrasound ya m'mawere
- Kujambula kwa MRI
Nenani zotsatira za mayeso monga.
Panali zifukwa ziwiri zazikulu zoyambitsa dongosololi.
1. Bweretsani muyezo umodzi popereka malipoti: Kulikonse komwe mayeso amachitika ku Sri Lanka, amanenedwa mwanjira yomweyo. Mwanjira imeneyi, sipadzakhala chisokonezo potumiza zambiri zanu kuchokera kwa dokotala wina kupita kwa wina. Aliyense akhoza kuzimvetsa mosavuta.
2. Fotokozani momveka bwino za chiopsezo cha khansa ya m'mawere: Njira iyi imapereka gulu losavuta kumva la chiopsezo chanu chotenga khansa ya m'mawere.
Lipoti lanu silingakhale ndi nambala ya BI-RADS yolembedwa molimba mtima. Komabe, idzaphatikizidwa mu lipoti lonse lomwe dokotala wanu amalandira. Mutha kufunsa dokotala wanu za izi.
Kugawa kwa BI-RADS ndi tanthauzo lake
Dongosolo la BI-RADS lili ndi magulu kuyambira 0 mpaka 6. Nambala iliyonse mwa izi imafotokoza nkhani yosiyana. Tiyeni tiwone tanthauzo lililonse, komanso zomwe tingachite pambuyo pake ngati zinthu zitavuta.
| Nambala ya BI-RADS | Tanthauzo | Chochita kenako |
|---|---|---|
| BI-RADS 0 | Mayesowa sanamalizidwe. Izi zikutanthauza kuti palibe chomwe chingatheke chifukwa zithunzi zomwe zalandiridwa sizikumveka bwino kapena pakufunika zambiri. Izi sizikutanthauza kuti pali cholakwika chilichonse. | Mungafunike kuyerekeza ndi lipoti lanu lakale la mammogram kapena kuyesedwa kwina (monga mammogram ina, ultrasound scan). |
| BI-RADS 1 | Palibe vuto (Zoyipa) Izi ndi zotsatira zabwino kwambiri. Zimatanthauza kuti palibe zotupa kapena kusintha kokayikitsa m'mabere anu. | Yesani kuyezetsa magazi nthawi zonse panthawi yoyenera kutengera zaka zanu komanso chiopsezo chanu. |
| BI-RADS 2 | Kupeza Koyenera Izi zikutanthauzanso kuti palibe khansa. Komabe, pali zinthu zina zomwe sizili khansa (monga ma cysts, fibroadenomas) zomwe zimaoneka. Izi sizowopsa. | Vutoli ndi lachibadwa. Pitani kuchipatala nthawi zonse. |
| BI-RADS 3 | Mwina zabwino Zimene mukuona apa sizingakhale 98% ya khansa. Koma pali chiopsezo chochepa chifukwa sichikutsimikizika 100%. | Dokotala nthawi zambiri amalangiza kuti afufuze kwa kanthawi kochepa pakatha miyezi 6 kuti aone ngati zinthu zasintha. |
| BI-RADS 4 | Wokayikitsa Iyi ndi nambala yomwe imawopsyeza anthu ambiri. Koma sizikutanthauza kuti muli ndi khansa. Zimangotanthauza kuti "ndi yokayikitsa, choncho tiyeni tiifufuze mozama." | Dokotala angakulangizeni kuti mutenge biopsy , yomwe ikuphatikizapo kutenga chitsanzo cha minofu kuti mukayeze. |
| BI-RADS 5 | Kuwonetsa Kwambiri Kuopsa kwa Khansa Kutengera ndi zizindikiro zomwe zawonedwa pankhaniyi, mwayi wokhala ndi khansa ndi wokwera kwambiri (kuposa 95%). | Kufufuza kwa biopsy ndikofunikira kuti kutsimikizire. |
| BI-RADS 6 | Matenda Odziwika Omwe Atsimikiziridwa ndi Biopsy Izi zimapezeka panthawi yoyezetsa khansa isanaperekedwe (monga opaleshoni isanachitike) pambuyo poti kafukufuku wakale watsimikizira kuti khansa ilipo. | Ntchito yowonjezera idzachitika motsatira ndondomeko ya chithandizo yomwe dokotala wapereka. |
Kodi ubwino wa dongosolo la BI-RADS ndi wotani?
Njira iyi ndi yothandiza kwambiri kwa madokotala ndi odwala.
- Kukhazikitsa Malamulo Oyenera: Dokotala ku Colombo, Sri Lanka, ndi dokotala ku Jaffna akamanena kuti BI-RADS 4, zikutanthauza chinthu chomwecho. Izi zimachepetsa kwambiri mwayi wolakwitsa ndi chisokonezo pakumvetsetsa malipoti anu.
- Kuwunika Zoopsa: Kugawa kumeneku kumakupatsani lingaliro lomveka bwino la chiopsezo chanu chokhala ndi khansa, zomwe zimathandiza dokotala wanu kusankha nthawi yomwe muyenera kuchita mayeso ena.
- Kuchita bwino: M'malo mofotokoza lipoti lililonse mwatsatanetsatane, izi zimapulumutsa nthawi kwa akatswiri a radiology powagawa m'magulu.
Kodi palibe zovuta zilizonse pa njira iyi?
Monga njira ina iliyonse, iyi ili ndi zofooka zingapo zazing'ono.
- Kuganizira zinthu mozama: Munthu amaika chithunzi cha scan m'magulu. Choncho, pang'ono kwambiri, zomwe katswiri wina wa radiation amaona zingasiyane pang'ono ndi zomwe katswiri wina wa radiation amaona.
- Zotsatira Zabodza: Ngakhale kuti sizichitika kawirikawiri , nthawi zina mayeso amatha kunena zotsatira zokayikitsa (zabodza) pamene palibe khansa, kapena mayeso amatha kunena kuti ali ndi kachilombo (zabodza). Izi zingayambitse nkhawa zosafunikira kapena kuchedwetsa kupezeka kwa matendawa. Komabe, kumbukirani kuti izi sizichitika kawirikawiri.
- Kusowa kwa chidziwitso chenicheni (Chosalunjika):Nambala ya BI-RADS imangokuuzani ngati pali chinachake chokayikitsa kapena ayi. Sipereka chidziwitso chakuya chokhudza mtundu wa malo okayikitsa omwe alipo kapena mtundu wake. Ichi ndichifukwa chake mayeso monga biopsy amafunikira.
Kodi BI-RADS 4 imatanthauza khansa?
Ili ndi funso lalikulu lomwe anthu ambiri ali nalo. Yankho lake ndi lakuti, ayi.
BI-RADS 4 sikutanthauza kuti muli ndi khansa. Zimatanthauza kuti zotsatira za scan yanu ndi "zokayikitsa." Izi zikutanthauza kuti mwina ndi khansa kapena ayi. Chiwopsezo cha khansa chingayambire pamlingo wotsika kwambiri mpaka waukulu. Ichi ndichifukwa chake biopsy imachitidwa kuti ipezeke bwino.
BI-RADS 4 sizikutanthauza kuti muli ndi khansa. Zimatanthauza kuti, 'Tiyenera kuyang'ananso nkhaniyi mozama, choncho tiyeni tipitirire ku gawo lotsatira.'
Kotero ngati lipoti lanu likunena kuti BI-RADS 4, musadandaule mopanda chifukwa. Zimangotanthauza kuti dokotala wanu adzakutumizani kuti mukayesedwenso.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- BI-RADS ndi muyezo wodziwika padziko lonse womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito pogawa zotsatira za malipoti anu ofufuza mabere (mammogram, ultrasound).
- Nambala iyi ikuuzani chiopsezo chanu cha khansa ndi njira zomwe muyenera kuchita kenako.
- BI-RADS 1 ndi 2 zimatanthauza zotsatira zabwino popanda mavuto.
- Ngakhale mutapeza zigoli zapamwamba monga BI-RADS 4 kapena 5, sizitanthauza kuti muli ndi khansa. Zimangotanthauza kuti 'ndi yokayikitsa ndipo ikufunika kuyezetsa kwina.'
- Ngati muli ndi mafunso okhudza nambala ya BI-RADS pa lipoti lanu, musachite mantha ndipo lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za vutoli. Iye yekha ndiye angafotokoze tanthauzo lake pa vuto lanu.
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