Mwina mwawonapo munthu m'banja mwanu kapena munthu amene mumamudziwa atavala chigoba kuchipatala, makamaka mu chipinda chosamalira odwala kwambiri (ICU). Madokotala akamavutika kupuma, amagwiritsa ntchito makina amtunduwu. Lero tikambirana za makina apadera omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi ngati izi ndipo amathandiza kwambiri kupuma. Ndi makina a BiPAP . Tiyeni tiwone zomwe ali, momwe amagwirira ntchito, komanso ubwino wake.
Kodi BiPAP ndi chiyani? Tiyeni timvetse mosavuta.
BiPAP imayimira 'Bilevel Positive Airway Pressure'. Ngakhale dzinali lingamveke lovuta, kwenikweni ndi losavuta. Ndi makina omwe amakuthandizani kupuma. Tangoganizani kuti mutha kupuma nokha, koma thupi lanu silikupeza mpweya wokwanira kapena mpweya woipa womwe limatulutsa sutuluka bwino. Pamenepo ndi pomwe madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito makina a BiPAP.
Izi zimaphatikizapo kupereka mpweya pa mphamvu inayake kudzera mu chigoba chomwe chimakwanira nkhope yanu. Timachitcha kuti "mpweya wosalowa m'malo mwa anthu ena". Izi zikutanthauza kuti, ndi njira yomwe imathandiza kuchokera kunja popanda kuyika zida mkati mwa thupi, monga "mpweya wolowa m'malo mwa anthu ena" womwe umachitidwa kudzera mu chubu kudzera pakhosi.
Mawu oti 'bilevel' amatanthauza kuti makinawa amapereka mpweya pamlingo wa kupanikizika kawiri .
1. Kupuma: Mukapuma, mpweya umaperekedwa ndi mphamvu yokwera. Izi zimatchedwa `(Inhalation Positive Airway Pressure - IPAP)`. Izi zimathandiza kuti mpweya ulowe m'mapapo mosavuta.
2. Kutulutsa mpweya: Mukatulutsa mpweya, mpweya umatuluka ndi mphamvu yotsika. Izi zimatchedwa ``Exhale Positive Airway Pressure - EPAP''. Ichi ndichifukwa chake simukumva vuto lililonse potulutsa mpweya.
Magawo awiriwa a kuthamanga kwa magazi amatha kukhazikitsidwa ndi makina panthawi inayake, kapena mutha kuwasintha okha kutengera momwe mumapumira.
Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa BiPAP ndi CPAP?
Makina ena omwe amakumbukiridwa kwambiri akamalankhula za BiPAP ndi CPAP. Ngakhale kuti onsewa amathandiza kupuma, pali kusiyana pang'ono pa momwe amagwirira ntchito.
Mwachidule, makina a CPAP amapereka mphamvu yomweyo mukapuma komanso mukatulutsa mpweya. Makina a BiPAP amapereka mphamvu zambiri mukapuma komanso akamachotsa mpweya.
Makina a CPAP amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pochiza matenda a mphumu. Komabe, ngati anthu ena akuvutika kuzolowera CPAP, kapena ngati ali ndi matenda ena, dokotala wawo angakulangizeni makina a BiPAP.
Kusiyana kumeneku kungamveke bwino kuchokera pa tebulo ili m'munsimu.
| Mbali | Makina a BiPAP | Makina a CPAP |
|---|---|---|
| Kupanikizika kwa Mpweya | Magawo awiri a kupanikizika (osiyana ndi opumira ndi otulutsa mpweya) | Kupanikizika komweko kosalekeza |
| Kugwiritsa Ntchito Kwambiri | Odwala matenda a mtima (COPD), kulephera kwa mtima, komanso odwala matenda opumira omwe sangathe kulekerera CPAP | Kwa odwala ambiri omwe ali ndi vuto la Sleep Apnea |
Kodi makina a BiPAP amafunika liti?
Makina a BiPAP amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazochitika zadzidzidzi komanso pochiza matenda osatha. Nazi zina mwa ntchito zazikulu za makinawa:
- Kulephera kwa mtima: Pamene ntchito ya mtima yafooka, ingakhudze mapapo ndikuyambitsa mavuto opuma.
- COPD (Matenda osatha oletsa mapapo): Uwu ndi matenda a mapapo a nthawi yayitali. BiPAP imagwiritsidwa ntchito pothandiza kupuma panthawi yowonjezereka kwa matendawa.
- Kulephera kupuma mokwanira komanso koopsa: Kwa odwala omwe sayankha kapena omwe sangathe kulekerera CPAP.
- Kulephera kupuma movutikira: Mwachidule, iyi ndi vuto lomwe kuchuluka kwa kaboni dayokisaidi m'magazi kumakhala kwakukulu kwambiri moti sikungathe kutulutsidwa bwino m'thupi. Pankhaniyi, BiPAP imathandiza kutulutsa kaboni dayokisaidi.
Kodi chithandizo cha BiPAP chimaperekedwa bwanji?
Momwe mumagwiritsira ntchito makina a BiPAP zimasiyana pang'ono kutengera ngati muli kuchipatala kapena kunyumba.
Mu chipatala
Mu chipatala, namwino kapena dokotala adzakulumikizani ndi izi.
- Choyamba, amayatsa makina a BiPAP ndikusintha kuchuluka kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi kuti kugwirizane ndi vuto lanu. Izi zimatchedwa `(titration)`.
- Kenako, mumasankha chigoba chomwe chikugwirizana bwino ndi nkhope yanu ndikuchilimbitsa pang'onopang'ono. Chigoba ichi chingakhale chomwe chimaphimba mphuno yokha, kapena chomwe chimaphimba mphuno ndi pakamwa.
Ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito kunyumba
Ngati dokotala wanu wakupatsani makina a BiPAP kuti mugwiritse ntchito kunyumba, muyenera kutsatira njira izi.
- Choyamba, ikani makinawo pamalo okhazikika ndipo onetsetsani kuti fyulutayo ndi yoyera. Ngati pakufunika kutero, onjezerani madzi ku chotenthetsera madzi ndikulumikiza chubucho ku makinawo ndi chigoba. Dokotala wanu kapena wogulitsa zida zamankhwala adzakufotokozerani momwe angachitire zinthuzi.
- Kenako, khalani molunjika, ikani chigobacho pankhope panu, ndipo pang'onopang'ono pumani mpweya kuti mpweya usatuluke.
- Tsopano yatsani makina, gonani pabedi, ndipo gwiritsaninso ntchito chigobacho ngati pakufunika kutero.
Kodi ubwino ndi zoopsa za BiPAP ndi ziti?
Monga chithandizo chilichonse chamankhwala, BiPAP ili ndi ubwino ndi zoopsa zina.
| Ubwino | Zoopsa ndi Zovuta |
|---|---|
| - Popeza palibe zida zomwe zimayikidwa m'thupi (zosavulaza), chiopsezo cha matenda ndi chochepa. | - Izi sizingagwiritsidwe ntchito pamene wodwalayo sakupuma yekha. |
| - Zimathandiza odwala omwe akuchotsedwa pa malo ochiritsira odwala kuti aphunzire kupuma kachiwiri. | - Poyamba zingamveke zosasangalatsa. Anthu ena angamve ngati akuopa chigoba chifukwa cha chigoba. |
| - Njira yabwino kwa iwo omwe akuvutika kuzolowera CPAP. | - Nthawi zambiri, kupanikizika kwambiri kungayambitse kuwonongeka kwa mapapo (makina ambiri ali ndi zinthu zotetezera). |
| - Kuthamanga kwa magazi kotsika (hypotension). | |
| - Pali chiopsezo chakuti chakudya ndi zakumwa zilowe m'mapapo ndi kuyambitsa chibayo (aspiration pneumonia). |
Kodi ndingathandize bwanji kuti BiPAP igwiritsidwe ntchito mosavuta?
Zimatenga nthawi kuti uzolowere makina a BiPAP, koma ngati mutsatira malangizo awa, zidzakhala zosavuta kwa inu.
- Sankhani chigoba choyenera: Sankhani chigoba chomwe chikukwanira bwino nkhope yanu, kutengera momwe mumagona. Funsani dokotala wanu kuti akupatseni upangiri pankhaniyi.
- Zolowerani kuvala chigoba: Musanagone, valani chigobacho kwa kanthawi masana osayatsa makina. Mukatero zidzakhala zosavuta kuzolowera mmene mukumvera.
- Gwiritsani ntchito nthawi zonse: Ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa pa vuto la kupuma movutikira, gwiritsani ntchito usiku uliwonse. Ngati mugwiritsa ntchito tsiku limodzi kenako tsiku lina, zidzakhala zovuta kuzolowera, ndipo zotsatira zake zidzakhala zochepa.
- Gwiritsani ntchito mawonekedwe a 'Ramp': Ngati makina anu ali ndi mawonekedwe awa, ayatseni. Izi zikupatsani mphamvu yocheperako mpaka mutagona, kenako zimawonjezeka zokha mpaka mphamvu yokhazikika mukagona.
Ngati mukuona kuti COPD kapena sleep apnea yanu sizikuyendetsedwa bwino ndi chithandizochi, onetsetsani kuti mwalankhula ndi dokotala wanu . Iye adzawunika matenda anu ndikusankha njira yabwino kwambiri yothandizira.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- BiPAP ndi makina omwe amakuthandizani kupuma, osati makina othandizira moyo omwe amapumira mokwanira.
- Izi zimasiyana ndi CPAP chifukwa zimapereka magawo awiri a kupanikizika popuma ndi kutulutsa mpweya.
- Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pa matenda a COPD, matenda a mtima, ndi matenda ena a kupuma movutikira.
- Zingatenge nthawi kuti uzolowere makina ndi chigoba, choncho ndikofunikira kwambiri kusankha chigoba choyenera ndikuchigwiritsa ntchito nthawi zonse.
- Ngati muli ndi vuto lililonse kapena mukuvutika, nthawi zonse funsani dokotala wanu.
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