Mwina mwamvapo za "kusowa magazi m'thupi" kapena "kusowa magazi m'thupi" eti? Mwachidule, ndi pamene thupi lathu silipanga maselo ofiira okwanira kapena maselo ofiira omwe tili nawo sagwira ntchito bwino. Maselo ofiira a magazi ndi omwe amanyamula mpweya m'thupi lathu lonse. Choncho akakhala ochepa, nthawi zonse timamva kutopa komanso kutopa. Maselo ofiira awa amapangidwa mu fupa, minofu yofewa, yosalala mkati mwa mafupa athu. Diamond-Blackfan Anemia (DBA) ndi mtundu wapadera wa kuchepa magazi komwe kumachitika pamene fupa silingathe kupanga maselo ofiira okwanira.
Kodi n’chiyani chimayambitsa matenda a magazi m’thupi otchedwa Diamond-Blackfan Anemia (DBA)?
Matenda a magazi otchedwa Diamond-Blackfan Anemia, omwe nthawi zina amatchedwa "acquired pure red cell aplasia", nthawi zambiri amadziwitsidwa ndi madokotala mwana asanakwanitse chaka chimodzi. Chifukwa chachikulu cha izi ndi kusintha, kapena kusintha kwa majini, omwe ndi zinthu zomwe zimamanga thupi lathu.
Kumbukirani, nthawi zina vuto la majini limeneli likhoza kutengera kwa mayi kapena bambo. Koma sizili choncho nthawi zonse. Majini ena a ana amathanso kusintha mwadzidzidzi popanda chifukwa. Ana ambiri omwe ali ndi DBA ali ndi vutoli chifukwa cha kusintha kwa majini. Chifukwa chake, monga makolo, palibe chifukwa chodera nkhawa ndi izi. Ngakhale kuti chifukwa cha majini chapezeka kwa pafupifupi theka la odwala DBA, kwa anthu ena, chifukwa cha matendawa sichinapezekebe.
Kodi zizindikiro za DBA ndi ziti?
Ana omwe ali ndi DBA amathanso kukumana ndi zizindikiro zambiri zodziwika bwino za mitundu ina ya kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi.
- Kutopa kosalekeza
- Khungu lotumbululuka
- Kumva kufooka
Kuwonjezera pa zizindikiro zimenezi, ana ena obadwa ndi DBA akhoza kukhala ndi zizindikiro zinazake zakunja pankhope ndi m'thupi mwawo. Tiyeni tiwone zomwe zili.
| Chiwalo cha thupi | Zinthu zooneka |
|---|---|
| Mutu | Kukhala ndi mutu wocheperako kuposa wamba. |
| Nkhope | Kutalikirana kwakukulu pakati pa maso ndi mphuno yathyathyathya. |
| Makutu | Makutu awiri ang'onoang'ono omwe amakhala pansi kuposa masiku onse. |
| Nsagwada | Kukhala ndi nsagwada yaying'ono yapansi. |
| Khosi | Khosi lalifupi, lokhala ndi ukonde. |
| Mapewa | Masamba ang'onoang'ono a mapewa. |
| Manja | Zala zazikulu zooneka modabwitsa. |
| Pakamwa | Kukhala ndi pakamwa kapena milomo yosweka. |
Kuphatikiza apo, DBA ingayambitse mavuto a impso , zilema za mtima , ndi mavuto a maso monga matenda a maso ndi glaucoma . Anyamata amathanso kukhala ndi vuto lobadwa nalo lotchedwa hypospadias, lomwe limachitika pamene mkodzo suli kumapeto kwa mbolo.
Kodi mungazindikire bwanji matendawa molondola?
Dokotala wanu akhoza kuchita mayeso angapo kuti adziwe ngati mwana wanu ali ndi DBA. Ana omwe ali ndi DBA amakhala ndi maselo ofiira ochepa m'magazi, koma maselo oyera ndi ma platelet amakhala ndi maselo abwinobwino.
Chofunika kwambiri si kuchita mantha mukaona zizindikirozi, koma kupita kwa dokotala woyenerera mwamsanga. Iye adzachita mayeso ofunikira ndikukupatsani chidziwitso cholondola kwambiri.
Izi ndi zina mwa mayeso akuluakulu omwe dokotala amachita.
| Mayeso | Kodi ikufuna chiyani? |
|---|---|
| Kuchuluka kwa Magazi Onse (CBC) | Zinthu zambiri zimayesedwa m'magazi, monga kuchuluka kwa maselo ofiira a m'magazi, maselo oyera a m'magazi, ma platelet, hemoglobin yonyamula mpweya, ndi kuchuluka kwa maselo ofiira a m'magazi (hematocrit) . |
| Chiwerengero cha ma reticulocyte | Izi zimayesa kuchuluka kwa maselo ofiira a m'magazi osakhwima, kapena atsopano. Izi zimatha kudziwa ngati mafuta a m'mafupa akupanga maselo ofiira moyenera. |
| Kuyang'ana mulingo wa eADA | Pafupifupi 80% ya anthu omwe ali ndi DBA ali ndi kuchuluka kwa enzyme yotchedwa erythrocyte adenosine deaminase (eADA) . Ichi ndi chomwe mayesowa amafufuza. |
| Mlingo wa hemoglobini wa mwana wosabadwayo | Uwu ndi mtundu wa hemoglobin womwe makanda amakhala nawo m'mimba. Uyenera kuchepa akangobadwa. Komabe, ana omwe ali ndi DBA angakhalebe ndi milingo yambiri akamakula. |
| Kuchotsa mafuta m'mafupa ndi biopsy | Maselo ndi madzi ochepa amatengedwa kuchokera mu m'mafupa pogwiritsa ntchito singano ndikuyesedwa. Ana omwe ali ndi DBA ali ndi maselo ofiira ochepa athanzi m'mafupa awo. |
| Mayeso a majini | Izi zimayesa majini okhudzana ndi DBA kapena matenda ena a magazi omwe amatengedwa kuchokera kwa makolo. |
Ndi mavuto ena ati omwe angachitike chifukwa cha DBA?
Anthu omwe ali ndi DBA ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda ndi zovuta zina. Izi zikuphatikizapo khansa ya m'magazi ndi m'mafupa (acute myeloid leukemia), khansa ya m'mafupa (osteosarcoma), ndi matenda ena omwe m'mafupa sangathe kupanga maselo amagazi athanzi (myelodysplastic syndrome). Koma musadandaule ndi izi. Madokotala nthawi zonse amawunika izi, kotero mutha kutenga njira zofunikira zachipatala panthawi yoyenera.
Kodi mankhwala ochizira izi ndi otani?
Iyi ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri komanso lotonthoza. Ana omwe apezeka ndi DBA amatha kukhala ndi moyo wautali komanso wopambana ndi chithandizo chamankhwala. Ana ena amatha kuchira kwathunthu, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti zizindikiro zimatha kwa kanthawi.
Mankhwala awiri akuluakulu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mankhwala a corticosteroid ndi kuikidwa magazi.
- Mankhwala a Corticosteroid: Mankhwala monga `(Prednisone)` amalimbikitsa mafuta a m'mafupa ndikuthandizira kupanga maselo ofiira ambiri a magazi.
- Kuika magazi: Iyi ndi njira yabwino ngati mankhwala a steroid sagwira ntchito, kapena ngati kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi kuli kwakukulu. Izi zikuphatikizapo kupatsa mwana magazi kapena maselo ofiira a magazi ochokera kwa wopereka magazi wathanzi.
- Kusamutsa maselo a mafupa/tsinde: Iyi ndiyo njira yokhayo yochiritsira DBA. Komabe, ndi yoopsa pang'ono. Komanso, kupeza wopereka wofanana naye nthawi zina kumakhala kovuta.
Ndikofunikira kukambirana njira zonse zamankhwala izi, zabwino ndi zoyipa zake, momveka bwino ndi dokotala wanu, ndikusankha zomwe zili zabwino kwa mwana wanu.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Diamond-Blackfan Anemia (DBA) ndi matenda osowa kwambiri m'majini mwa ana pomwe mafupa sangathe kupanga maselo ofiira okwanira.
- Kuphatikiza pa zizindikiro zodziwika bwino monga kutopa pafupipafupi komanso kufiira, matendawa angayambitsenso mawonekedwe enaake akunja pankhope ndi thupi.
- Dokotala amatha kuzindikira matendawa molondola kudzera mu mayeso a magazi ndi kufufuza kwa mafupa.
- Mankhwala monga mankhwala a steroid ndi kuikidwa magazi kungathandize ana kukhala ndi moyo wautali komanso wathanzi. Kuika mafupa ndi njira yokhayo yochiritsira.
- Ngati mukukayikira ngakhale pang'ono kuti mwana wanu ali ndi zizindikiro izi, musachite mantha ndipo pitani kwa dokotala wa ana nthawi yomweyo. Kuzindikira matenda mwachangu ndi chithandizo ndikofunikira kwambiri.
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