Kodi mudamvapo kupweteka m'mimba kosalekeza komanso kutsegula m'mimba komwe kumatenga masiku angapo? Nthawi zambiri timanyalanyaza izi ngati vuto losavuta la poizoni wa chakudya kapena kachilombo ka m'mimba. Komabe, zizindikirozi nthawi zina zimatha kuwonetsa matenda oopsa kwambiri a bakiteriya omwe angawononge kwambiri kugaya kwanu chakudya. Matendawa amadziwika kuti C. diff (Clostridioides difficile).
Kodi C. diff (Clostridioides difficile) ndi chiyani?
Mwachidule, C. diff ndi mtundu wa bakiteriya wotchedwa Clostridioides difficile . Bakiteriya iyi imatha kufalikira m'matumbo anu akuluakulu (m'matumbo), zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mukhale ndi zizindikiro zosasangalatsa monga kutsegula m'mimba.
Ngakhale kuti kukhala ndi mabakiteriya m'matumbo ndi chinthu chachibadwa, matenda a C. diff ndi oopsa kwambiri. Izi zili choncho chifukwa Clostridioides difficile imapanga poizoni amene amawononga maselo omwe ali mkati mwa matumbo anu, zomwe zimayambitsa kutupa kotchedwa colitis. Kuopsa kwa zizindikiro zanu kumadalira kukula kwa kuwonongeka kumeneku komwe kumabwera chifukwa cha poizoni, ndipo nthawi zina, vutoli likhoza kukhala pachiwopsezo.
Poyamba linkadziwika kuti Clostridium difficile , dzina lachipatala lomwe lasinthidwa tsopano ndi Clostridioides difficile .
Kodi matenda a C. diff ndi ofala bwanji?
Matenda a C. diff (CDI) ndi vuto lalikulu padziko lonse lapansi. Ngakhale ziwerengero zenizeni padziko lonse lapansi zimasiyana, ku United States kokha, pali milandu pafupifupi 500,000 yomwe imanenedwa pachaka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti anthu pafupifupi 15,000 afe. Izi si vuto lofunika kulitenga mopepuka.
Kodi zizindikiro za matenda a C. diff ndi ziti?
Chizindikiro choyamba chodziwika bwino ndi ndowe zotuluka madzi. Ngati ndi zofooka, mungayambe kutsegula m'mimba katatu patsiku komanso kupweteka pang'ono m'mimba.
Pamene matendawa akupita patsogolo, kutsekula m'mimba kumawonjezeka—nthawi zina mpaka nthawi 10-15 patsiku. Muthanso kuona magazi m'chimbudzi chanu. Zizindikiro zina ndi izi:
- Kupweteka m'mimba kosalekeza
- Kutupa ndi kutupa m'mimba
- Kusanza ndi kusanza
- Kutaya chilakolako
- Malungo
- Kugunda kwa mtima kokwera
Poyamba, zizindikiro za C. diff zimatha kufanana ndi poizoni wa chakudya kapena chimfine cha m'mimba. Ngati mukumwa maantibayotiki pakali pano, mungaganize molakwika kuti kutsegula m'mimba kumachitika chifukwa cha zotsatira zoyipa za mankhwala.
Kumbukirani: N'zotheka kukhala ndi matenda a C. diff ngakhale popanda kutsegula m'mimba.
Kodi chopondapo cha C. diff chimawoneka bwanji komanso chimanunkhiza bwanji?
Mu matenda a C. diff, ndowe nthawi zambiri zimakhala ngati phala kapena phala m'malo mwa madzi okhaokha. Nthawi zina zimatha kuoneka ngati zobiriwira, ngakhale izi zitha kuchitikanso ndi matenda ena a bakiteriya. Nthawi zina, mungaone magazi, ntchofu, kapena mafinya m'ndowe.
Odwala ambiri amanena kuti ali ndi fungo lapadera komanso lopweteka lomwe limakhudzana ndi kutsegula m'mimba kwa C. diff. Nthawi zambiri limafotokozedwa kuti ndi lamphamvu kwambiri komanso lokoma komanso losasangalatsa, lomwe limatha kuchitika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa ndulu m'chimbudzi chifukwa cha matendawa.
Kodi n’chiyani chimayambitsa matenda a C. diff?
Mwa munthu wathanzi, m'mimba nthawi zambiri mumayang'anira mabakiteriya a C. diff. Vuto limayamba pamene mgwirizano wachilengedwe pakati pa mabakiteriya "abwino" ndi "oipa" m'matumbo mwanu wasokonekera. Mabakiteriya othandiza amenewo ndi ofunikira kuti mabakiteriya oyambitsa matenda monga C. diff asamavutike.
Chifukwa chachikulu cha matenda a C. diff ndi kugwiritsa ntchito maantibayotiki. Maantibayotiki amatha kusokoneza microbiome ya m'matumbo mwanu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti C. diff ichuluke popanda kuthandizidwa.
Kodi C. diff imafalikira bwanji?
Matenda a Clostridioides difficile amafalikira kudzera mu kutulutsa kwa spores. Ma spores ang'onoang'ono awa amatha kukhalabe pamwamba, mipando, matebulo, ndi pakhungu. Ngati mutakhudza malo oipitsidwa kenako n’kukhudza pakamwa panu kapena kudya ndi manja anu, mutha kutenga matendawa.
Nchifukwa chiyani C. diff imafalikira mosavuta?
Kunja kwa thupi la munthu, C. diff imasintha kukhala spores. Spores izi ndi zolimba kwambiri—zimalimbana ndi kutentha, ma acid, maantibayotiki ambiri, ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Zitha kukhalabe pamalopo kwa miyezi ingapo.
Ofufuza akuti pafupifupi 5% ya anthu ali ndi C. diff m'matumbo awo popanda kusonyeza zizindikiro. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ngakhale mutachilamulira, mutha kuchipatsira ena.
Kodi ndingakhale pafupi ndi munthu amene ali ndi matenda a C. diff?
Inde, koma muyenera kutsatira njira zodzitetezera kuti muchepetse kufalikira kwa matendawa:
- Sambani m'manja mwanu bwino komanso pafupipafupi ndi sopo ndi madzi.
- Pewani kukhudza mphuno yanu, pakamwa, kapena m'maso.
- Thirani mankhwala ophera tizilombo panyumba nthawi zonse.
- Gwiritsani ntchito zida zodzitetezera (PPE) monga magolovesi, zophimba nkhope , ndi madiresi ngati mukusamalira wodwala.
Ndani ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha matenda a C. diff?
Matenda ena omwe angayambitse matendawa amatha kufooketsa chitetezo cha thupi lanu ku matenda a C. diff, kuphatikizapo:
- Matenda a m'mimba otupa (IBD): Matenda monga matenda a Crohn ndi matenda a zilonda zam'mimba amachititsa kuwonongeka kosatha kwa matumbo (mucosa), zomwe zimachepetsa chitetezo chamthupi m'deralo.
- Chitetezo chamthupi chofooka: Ngati muli ndi vuto la chitetezo chamthupi chofooka, khansa, kachilombo ka HIV , matenda a impso, kapena matenda a shuga, chitetezo chamthupi chanu chonse chingachepe. Izi ndi zoonanso ngati mukumwa mankhwala oletsa chitetezo chamthupi.
Zina mwa zinthu zoopsa ndi izi:
- Zaka: Anthu opitirira zaka 65 ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa chitetezo chamthupi, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ambiri, kapena kukhala m'malo osungiramo zinthu. Makanda aang'ono nawonso amatha kudwala matenda a C. diff.
- Kugonekedwa m'chipatala kapena kukhala ndi anthu ambiri: C. diff imafalikira mosavuta m'malo okhala anthu ambiri monga zipatala kapena malo osamalira odwala. Ma spores amatha kukhala pamalo amodzi kwa miyezi ingapo, ndipo mabafa ogawana amathandiza kufalitsa matendawa mwachangu.
Nthawi zina, sizingatheke kudziwa chomwe chimayambitsa matenda a C. diff. Ngakhale kuti pali zinthu zambiri zomwe zimakhudza thanzi la m'mimba mwanu, ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa kuti mutha kudwala matendawa ngakhale popanda zinthu zina zodziwikiratu zomwe zingakubweretsereni chiopsezo.
Kodi mavuto omwe amabwera chifukwa cha matenda a C. diff ndi ati?
Matenda oopsa angayambitse mavuto aakulu. Kuopsa kwa matenda anu kumadalira zinthu zingapo, kuphatikizapo mtundu wa mabakiteriya, mphamvu ya chitetezo cha mthupi lanu, komanso thanzi lanu lonse.
Ngati muli ndi zinthu zoopsa kwambiri, mumakhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha matenda aakulu kapena matenda obwerezabwereza, zomwe zingayambitse kuwonongeka pang'onopang'ono pakapita nthawi.
Mavuto ofala ndi awa:
- Matenda obwerezabwereza: Pafupifupi 20% ya odwala amabwereranso mkati mwa milungu iwiri mpaka isanu ndi itatu atamaliza kulandira chithandizo, ndipo chiopsezo china cha 40% cha kubwereranso pambuyo pake.
- Kusowa madzi m'thupi komanso kutayika kwa ma electrolyte: Ngati thupi lanu litataya madzi ndi ma electrolyte mofulumira kuposa momwe mungawabwezeretsere, mutha kukumana ndi zotsatirapo zoopsa monga kuchepa kwa magazi ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi. Pazochitika zazikulu, izi zingayambitse kulephera kwa impso.
- Matenda a m'matumbo otchedwa Pseudomembranous colitis: Uwu ndi mtundu woopsa wa matenda a m'matumbo otchedwa colitis omwe amadziwika ndi kukula kwa ma nembanemba okhuthala ngati kutumphuka mkati mwa matumbo anu.
Pamene kuwonongeka kwa poizoni wa bakiteriya kukuchulukirachulukira, mavuto ena angabuke:
- Kutuluka kwa madzi m'thupi: Madzi m'thupi amatha kutuluka m'matumbo mwanu kupita m'mimba mwanu (vuto lotchedwa ascites), zomwe zimapangitsa kuti m'mimba mutuluke kwambiri. Muthanso kutaya mapuloteni, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti albumin ikhale yochepa, zomwe zingayambitse kutupa ndi kutopa kwambiri.
- Matenda a nyamakazi: Matenda oopsa angayambitse matenda a nyamakazi, zomwe zimayambitsa kutupa, kutupa, ndi kupweteka m'mafupa ndi ziwalo zina za thupi.
- Megacolon yoopsa: Ngakhale kuti si yofala, iyi ndi vuto lomwe limayambitsa imfa pomwe kutupa kwakukulu kumapangitsa kuti m'matumbo musiye kugwira ntchito. Izi zimatha kuyambitsa sepsis (kuopsa kwa magazi).
Kodi matenda a C. diff amapezeka bwanji?
Ngati zizindikiro zanu zikusonyeza kuti muli ndi matenda a C. diff, dokotala wanu adzatenga chitsanzo cha ndowe kuti atumize ku labotale kuti akaone ngati pali poizoni wa C. diff.
Ngati zotsatira za mayeso anu zili zabwino, dokotala wanu angachite mayeso ena kuti adziwe kuopsa kwa matendawa. Izi zingaphatikizepo kuyezetsa magazi ndi kuyezetsa zithunzi kuti aone m'matumbo mwanu.
Kodi matenda a C. diff amachiritsidwa bwanji?
Chithandizo cha C. diff chimadalira kuopsa kwa matendawa. Ngati matenda anu adayamba chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito maantibayotiki, dokotala wanu mwina adzasiya kaye mankhwala amenewo.
Kwa ena, izi ndizokwanira, chifukwa chitetezo chachilengedwe cha m'mimba mwanu chimatha kubwezeretsanso ndikulamulira matenda. Ngati sichoncho, dokotala wanu adzakupatsani maantibayotiki enaake omwe adapangidwira kuthana ndi C. diff.
Mankhwala opha tizilombo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza C. diff ndi awa:
- Metronidazole
- Vancomycin
- Fidaxomicin
Ngati muli ndi matenda ofooka, nthawi zambiri mumatha kulandira chithandizo kunyumba ndikuyamba kumva bwino patatha masiku ochepa. Komabe, ngati matendawa ndi aakulu, kugonekedwa kuchipatala kungakhale kofunikira.
Mu chipatala, mungalandire maantibayotiki kudzera m'mitsempha (IV) ndi madzi kuti mupewe kutaya madzi m'thupi. Nthawi zina, mankhwala amatha kuperekedwa mwachindunji m'matumbo kudzera mu enema.
Nanga bwanji za matenda ovuta kapena oopsa a C. diff?
Ngati muli ndi mavuto aakulu, mungafunike chithandizo m'chipinda chosamalira odwala kwambiri. Nthawi zina, madokotala angakulangizeni opaleshoni yadzidzidzi (colectomy) kuti muchotse komwe kwayambitsa matenda m'matumbo.
Ngati mukuvutika ndi matenda obwerezabwereza mutatha kulandira chithandizo, njira zomwe mungasankhe ndi izi:
- Chithandizo chowonjezera cha maantibayotiki: Dokotala wanu angakupatseni mankhwala ena opha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kapena njira yayitali yochizira. Angakulangizeninso ma probiotics kuti akuthandizeni kubwezeretsa mabakiteriya m'matumbo anu pambuyo pa maantibayotiki.
- Kusamutsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'mimba (FMT): Ngati mankhwala opha tizilombo mobwerezabwereza alephera, FMT yakhala yothandiza kwambiri popewa kubwereranso kwa matenda a C. diff. Izi zimaphatikizapo kusamutsa ndowe kuchokera kwa munthu wathanzi kupita ku m'matumbo a wodwalayo kuti agwirizanenso ndi microbiome ya m'mimba—ganizirani izi ngati kuwonjezera "nthaka yathanzi" m'munda kuti zomera zabwino zikule pamene zikuphimba udzu.
Kodi ndi njira ziti zodzitetezera zomwe mungachite kuti mupewe kufalikira kwa C. diff?
Akatswiri azaumoyo amatsatira njira zokhwima kuti apewe kufalikira kwa matendawa. Mutha kuteteza ena potsatira njira izi:
- Kudzipatula: Ngati muli ndi kachilomboka, njira yabwino ndiyo kukhala m'chipinda china. Aliyense wolowa m'chipinda chanu ayenera kuvala magolovesi otayidwa ndi kuwataya akatuluka. Chifukwa matendawa amafalikira kudzera m'chimbudzi, pewani kugawana zimbudzi. Ngati kugawana sikungatheke, yeretsani bwino chogwirira, mpando wa chimbudzi, ndi malo ozungulira ndi chotsukira chokhala ndi bleach mukatha kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi iliyonse.
- Kusamba m'manja: Mankhwala oyeretsera m'manja sagwira ntchito bwino polimbana ndi C. diff, choncho kusamba m'manja bwino ndi sopo ndi madzi ofunda n'kofunika kwambiri. Izi zimagwira ntchito kwa aliyense amene akukusamalirani.
- Kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda: Mankhwala ambiri ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda sapha C. diff. Komabe, mankhwala okhala ndi bleach ndi othandiza. Nthawi zonse yeretsani tizilombo toyambitsa matenda pamalo aliwonse omwe mwakhudza, makamaka m'bafa.
- Imwani maantibayotiki monga momwe mwalangizidwira: Musamwe maantibayotiki a munthu wina ndipo musasunge maantibayotiki otsala kuti mudzagwiritse ntchito mtsogolo.
Kodi mungayembekezere chiyani ngati mutapeza C. diff?
Matenda ambiri a C. diff ndi ofatsa ndipo amatha ndi chithandizo. Komabe, chifukwa cha mtundu wa matendawa, nthawi zina amatha kukula mofulumira kwambiri.
Ngati muli ndi zinthu zomwe zingakuchititseni kuti mukhale ndi matenda a C. diff, muli pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha matenda aakulu kapena matenda obwerezabwereza omwe amafunikira chithandizo chamankhwala nthawi zonse.
Kodi C. diff imatha yokha?
Inde, thupi lanu lingathe kuchotsa matendawa ngati mabakiteriya anu a m'mimba omwe ali ndi thanzi labwino apezanso mphamvu ndikupambana C. diff. Izi zimachitika makamaka ngati microbiome yanu ya m'matumbo ndi yamphamvu ndipo mulibe mavuto aakulu azaumoyo.
Ngati matenda anu adayambitsidwa ndi maantibayotiki, akhoza kuchira mankhwalawo akangosiya. Komabe, musadikire nthawi yayitali; ngati simukumva bwino pakatha masiku ochepa, pitani kuchipatala nthawi yomweyo.
Ngati nditapeza C. diff kamodzi, kodi ndidzakhala nayo kwamuyaya?
Mabakiteriya ena akhoza kukhalabe mutalandira chithandizo, koma simungakhale ndi zizindikiro zilizonse. Bola ngati mabakiteriya anu abwino m'matumbo ali athanzi, amathandiza kuti *Clostridioides difficile* isawonongeke.
Ngati matenda obwerezabwereza amachitika, nthawi zambiri zimakhala chifukwa chakuti mabakiteriya anu opindulitsa sanachiritsidwe mokwanira. Matenda obwerezabwereza amatha kukhala chiyambi cha matenda oyamba, ngakhale nthawi zina amakhala matenda atsopano.
Kodi pali nkhawa za thanzi zomwe zingakuchitikireni kwa nthawi yayitali mutadwala matenda a C. diff?
Nkhawa yofala kwambiri kwa nthawi yayitali ndi matenda obwerezabwereza kapena osatha (Clostridioides difficile) . Izi nthawi zambiri zimachitika chifukwa chakuti m'matumbo mwanu mukuvutika kuti muchiritse bwino. Kuchira kwa m'matumbo mwanu kungachedwetsedwe ngati:
- Munadwala matenda oopsa omwe anawononga kwambiri matumbo anu.
- Munafunika chithandizo cha maantibayotiki kwa nthawi yayitali, kapena munayenera kumwa maantibayotiki ena kuti muchiritse matenda a C. diff okha.
- Muli ndi matenda osatha omwe amakhudza matumbo anu kapena chitetezo chamthupi.
- Uli ndi zaka zoposa 65.
Nthawi zina, anthu ena amadwala matenda a autoimmune pambuyo pa matenda oopsa. Izi zimachitika pamene chitetezo cha mthupi chanu chikadali "chogwira ntchito", chikupitirizabe kugwira ntchito ngati kuti kachilombo kakadalipo ngakhale mabakiteriya atachotsedwa.
Matenda omwe amapezeka kwambiri pambuyo pa matenda a C. diff ndi monga matenda a m'matumbo omwe amayambitsidwa ndi matenda opatsirana (IBS) ndi nyamakazi yogwira ntchito.
Mafunso oti mufunse dokotala wanu okhudza C. diff
Mungafune kukambirana izi ndi dokotala wanu:
- Kodi matenda anga ndi oopsa bwanji panopa?
- Kodi ndili pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga zovuta?
- Kodi zizindikiro zoti ndikuchira ndi ziti?
- Kodi ndiyenera kulankhula nanu liti, ndipo ndiyenera kupeza chithandizo chadzidzidzi liti?
- Kodi ndikufunika kutumizidwa kwa dokotala wa gastroenterologist?
- Kodi njira zanga zochiritsira matenda ngati abwereranso ndi ziti?
(Clostridioides difficile) ndi bakiteriya yomwe imatha kukhala m'matumbo mwanu popanda kuvulaza. Komabe, ikayamba kufalikira, ingayambitse mavuto aakulu azaumoyo. Ndizachibadwa kuda nkhawa ndi kutsegula m'mimba kosalekeza komanso momwe kumakhudzira moyo wanu. Mungachitenso manyazi kulankhula za mavuto am'mimba. Chonde, musalole kuti malingaliro amenewo akulepheretseni kufunafuna thandizo lomwe mukufuna.
Kwa anthu ambiri, C. diff siimayambitsa mavuto, ndipo imachira mwachangu komanso mokwanira. Komabe, ngati muli ndi zinthu zina zomwe zingakuike pachiwopsezo, vutoli likhoza kukhala lalikulu. Kumbukirani kuti vutoli ndi lopatsirana kwambiri, lopitirira, komanso limatha kubwereranso.
Ngati mwayamba kutsegula m'mimba mutamwa mankhwala opha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda (antibiotics) , funsani dokotala nthawi yomweyo. Musamwe mankhwala oletsa kutsegula m'mimba omwe amagulitsidwa ndi dokotala, chifukwa nthawi zina angapangitse vutoli kukhala loipa kwambiri. Ngati mukuganiza kuti muli ndi matenda a C. diff, funsani dokotala nthawi yomweyo.
Mfundo zofunika kuzikumbukira
C. diff ndi bakiteriya yomwe ingayambitse matenda oopsa a m'matumbo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti munthu azimva zizindikiro monga kutsegula m'mimba ndi kupweteka m'mimba.
Kawirikawiri zimachitika mukatha kugwiritsa ntchito (maantibayotiki) , omwe amatha kupha mabakiteriya athanzi m'matumbo mwanu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti C. diff ikule kwambiri.
Matendawa ndi opatsirana kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kusamba m'manja ndi ukhondo zikhale zofunikira kwambiri.
Akuluakulu, omwe ali ndi chitetezo chamthupi chofooka, komanso anthu omwe ali m'zipatala ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu.
Ngati muwona zizindikiro, funsani upangiri wa dokotala mwachangu. Ndi chithandizo choyenera, zimakhala zosavuta kuzithetsa, koma kuchedwa kungayambitse mavuto.
Nthawi zonse malizani kumwa mankhwala anu monga momwe dokotala wanu wanenera.
Tikukhulupirira kuti izi zikuthandizani paulendo wanu wochira. Khalani ndi thanzi labwino ndi Nirogi Lanka!
